本文作者:小思

考研英语一翻译历年真题汇总

小思 09-20 12
考研英语一翻译历年真题汇总摘要: 考研英语一翻译真题总结C节(5小题):主要考查考生准确理解概念或结构较复杂的英语文字材料的能力。要求考生阅读一篇约400词的文章,并将其中5个画线部分(约150词)译成汉语,要...

考研英语一翻译真题总结

C节(5小题):主要考查考生准确理解概念或结构较复杂的英语文字材料的能力。要求考生阅读一篇约400词的文章,并将其中5个画线部分(约150词)译成汉语,要求译文准确、完整、通顺。二、大纲解读英语一将英译汉试题归纳到第二部分——阅读理解内,说明此类题型主要目的是测试考生根据上下文准确理解概念、理解复杂结构并用汉语准确表达的能力。根据新大纲,2021年的翻译部分没有任何变化,依然考查考生在准确理解的基础上,按照英语语法结构拆分句子,准确、通顺地进行英译汉的能力。另外,翻译的考点也基本不变,主要考点依旧是对词和句法的理解和表达。同学们还是可以按照自己原有的复习计划推进,不必为翻译作重大调整。

这篇关于2014考研英语一真题——翻译题分析及答案,是 无 特地为大家整理的,希望对大家有所帮助! 基本分析: 原文选自李奥帕德的《沙郡岁月:李奥帕德的自然沉思》,本书是环保生态的经典著作,中译本由吴美真翻译,中国社会科学出版社出版。 以下是我做的一个初译稿,时间仓促,有误的话,请指出。 后面我有详细的分析。 46)Ornithologists (出题人改为:Scientists) jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them。 科学家们迅速赶来救援,他们使用的证据明显站不住脚,大意是说:如果鸟不能控制这些虫子,虫子就会吃光一切。 47)but we have at least drawn nearer point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of biotic(出题人应该把biotic“生物的” 改为了intrinsic“固有的,内在的”) right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us。 但是我们起码得到了一种比较相近的观点,即:承认鸟类应该继续享有其固有的生物权利,而不管它们是否对我们具有经济价值。 48)Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing weaklings(出题人把这个词改为the physically weak), or that they control rodents for the farmer(出题人应该把这句删除了), or that they prey only on worthless' species。 有一种证据认为,这些生物通过猎杀弱者来保存猎物的健康繁衍,或者这些生物捕杀的只不过是毫无意义的物种;曾几何时,生物学家有点滥用这种证据。 49)In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of the native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason. 在欧洲,其林业在生态上更加发达,公益林木被认为是原始森林群落的一部分,本身应该得到合理保护。 50)It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are (as far as we know)(命题人把原文括号部分删除了) essential to its healthy functioning. 我们很容易忽视,因而最终会淘汰土地群体里的很多重要因素,虽然这些要素缺乏商业价值,但他们对土地的健康机制却至关重要。

考研英语一翻译历年真题汇总

2021年考研英语一翻译真题解析:

Part C: Read the following text are fully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.( 10 points)

46. Those societies came out of the war with levels of enrollment that had been roughly constant at 3%-5% of the relevant age groups during the decades before the war.

【解析】1.这句话主干为Those societies came out of the war.

2. with levels of enrollment是介宾短语作状语;

3. that had been roughly constant at 3%-5% of the relevant age groups是定语从句修饰前面levels of enrollment.

【参考译文】战争结束后,这些社会的入学率仍旧保持在战前几十年里相关年龄段的3%-5%。

47. And the demand that rose in those societies of entry to higher education extended to groups and social classes that had not thought of attending a university before the war.

【解析】1. 这句话主干为the demand extended to groups and social classes,其中extended为谓语动词;

2. that rose in those societies of entry to higher education定语从句修饰demand;

3. that had not thought of attending a university before the war定语从句修饰前面groups and social classes.

【参考译文】那些社会中对获得高等教育的需求不断上升,战前没有想过上大学的群体和社会阶层也逐步有了这样的需求。

48. In many countries of western Europe, the numbers of student in higher education doubled within five-years periods during the 1960s and doubled again in seven, eight or 10 years by the middle of 1970 s.

【解析】这句话主干为the numbers of student in higher education doubled and double again,In many countries of western Europe为地点状语,其他部分为时间状语从句。

【参考译文】20世纪60年代,许多西欧国家接受高等教育的学生人数在5年内翻了一番,到70年代中期,在7年、8年或10年里又翻了一番。

49. and when the new staff are predominantly young men and women fresh from past graduate study, they largely define the norms of academic life in that faculty.

【解析】这句话主干为they largely define the norms of academic life in that faculty,when引导的是时间状语从句;其中fresh from past graduate study是形容词短语修饰men and women。

【参考译文】新员工当中大部分是刚毕业的年轻男女时,他们在很大程度上定义了该院的学术生活规范。

50. High growth rates increased the chances for academic innovation, they also weakened the forms and process by which teachers and students are admitted into a community of scholars during periods of stability or slow growth.

【解析】1.这句话主干是一个并列句为High growth rates increased the chances for academic innovation, they also weakened the forms and process;

2. by which teachers and students are admitted into a community of scholars during periods of stability or slow growth定语从句修饰forms and process.

【参考译文】高增长率增加了学术创新的机会,同时也削弱了教师和学生在稳定或缓慢增长时期加入学者群体的形式和过程。

2021年考研英语一翻译真题解析的内容小编就说到这里了, 更多关于考研备考技巧,报名入口,考研报名时间,考研成绩查询,考研报名费用,准考证打印入口及时间等问题,小编会及时更新。希望各位考生都能进入自己的理想考研院校。希望大家能好好复习。取得佳绩。

“I've never met a human worth cloning,” says cloning expert Mark Westhusin from the cramped confines of his lab at Texas A&M University. “It's a stupid endeavor.” That's an interesting choice of adjective, coming from a man who has spent millions of dollars trying to clone a 13-year-old dog named Missy. So far, he and his team have not succeeded, though they have cloned two calves and expect to clone a cat soon. They just might succeed in cloning Missy later this year—or perhaps not for another five years. It seems the reproductive system of man's best friend is one of the mysteries of modern science.

Westhusin's experience with cloning animals leaves him vexed by all this talk of human cloning. In three years of work on the Missyplicity project, using hundreds upon hundreds of canine eggs, the A&M team has produced only a dozen or so embryos carrying Missy's DNA. None have survived the transfer to a surrogate mother. The wastage of eggs and the many spontaneously aborted fetuses may be acceptable when you're dealing with cats or bulls, he argues, but not with humans. “Cloning is incredibly inefficient, and also dangerous,” he says.

Even so, dog cloning is a commercial opportunity, with a nice research payoff. Ever since Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1997, Westhusin's phone at A&M College of Veterinary Medicine has been ringing busily. Cost is no obstacle for customers like Missy's mysterious owner, who wishes to remain unknown to protect his privacy. He's plopped down $ million so far to fund the research because he wants a twin to carry on Missy?s fine qualities after she dies. But he knows her clone may not have her temperament. In a statement of purpose, Missy's owner and the A&M team say they are “both looking forward to studying the ways that her clone differs from Missy.”

The fate of the dog samples will depend on Westhusin's work. He knows that even if he gets a dog viably pregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems. “Why would you ever want to clone humans,” Westhusin asks, “when we?re not even close to getting it worked out in animals yet?” [397 words]

6. Mr. Westhusin thinks cloning is dangerous because_____ .

[A] animals are tortured to death in the experiments

[B]the public has expressed strong disapproval

[C] too many lives are wasted for laboratory use

[D] cloning becomes a quest only for profit

7. What is the problem confronting the Missyplicity project?

[A] The client holds a suspicious view toward it.

[B] There is a lack of funds to support the research.

[C] The owner is unwilling to disclose the information.

[D] Cloning dogs is a difficult biological problem.

8. Which of the following is true about animal cloning?

[A]Few private cloning companies could afford it

[B]Few people have realized its significance.

[C] An exact copy of a cat or bull can be made.

[D] It is becoming a prosperous industry.

9. From the passage we can infer that _____.

[A] Mr. Westhusin is going to clone a dog soon

[B] scientists are pessimistic about human cloning

[C] human reproductive system has not been understood

[D] rich people are only interested in cloning animals

10. Mr. Westhusin seems to believe that cloning______.

[A] is stupid and should be abandoned [B] has been close to success

[C] should be taken cautiously [D] is now in a dilemma

>>>>>>答案解析<<<<<<

核心词汇

confines n. limits or borders范围,界限;边界 例:the confines of human knowledge 人类的知识范围 / the confines of family life 家庭生活的范围

超纲词汇

aborted a. *① 流产的 ② 出问题的,出故障的

canine a. 犬的,犬科的

cramped a. 狭窄的,拥挤的 例:working in cramped conditions 在拥挤的环境里工作

embryo n. 胚胎

fetus n. 胎,胎儿

Missyplicity n.这是个临时造的词,是三个部分的合成:Missy指文中提到的那条狗密斯,

duplicate意为“复制”,?ity为名词后缀

plop vi.&vt.(使)扑通一声落下 例:Can you plop some ice in my drink? 能在我的饮料中放点冰块吗? 文中是比喻用法,指“投入资金”

surrogate n.代理, 代理人,代用品 vt.使代理, 使代替;*surrogate mother 代理母体

veterinary a.兽医的 例:veterinary medicine/science兽医学

vexed a.*① 气恼的,烦恼的 例:the vexed parents of an unruly teenager因孩子难管教而气恼的父母 ②(问题等)争论不休的,难于解决的 例:vexed question/issue棘手的问题

viably ad. ① 可实施地,切实可行地 *② 能存活地,能生长发育地

长难句分析

1. That's an interesting choice of adjective, coming from a man who has spent millions of dollars trying to clone a 13-year-old dog named Missy.

该句主干是That's an interesting choice of adjective。现在分词短语coming from... 做后置定语,修饰前面的名词choice,相当于一个定语从句(which is)coming from... ;在分词短语中,定语从句who... 也做后置定语,修饰先行词a man。

2. He knows that even if he gets a dog viably pregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems.

该句主干是He knows that... 。that引导的宾语从句是一个主从复合句,且从句位于主句之前,主句是the offspring will face the problems... ;从句是让步状语从句:even if he gets a dog viably pregnant;should they survive是个省略了if的条件状语从句,为插入语,修饰主句。另外,主句的宾语the problems后接有过去分词短语shown... 做后置定语,相当于一个定义从句(that)are shown... ;冒号后的名词短语做the problems的同位语。

语篇分析

本文题材涉及生物技术。作者从克隆动物这个角度间接论证克隆人的不可行性,主张应该慎重对待克隆人研究。它是一篇观点论证型文章,按照“提出观点—论证观点—重申观点”的脉络展开论述,可分成三部分。

第一段为第一部分,提出观点:克隆人是不可行的。

引用专家Mark Westhusin和一位试图克隆其爱犬的富人的话(never met a human worth cloning,a stupid endeavor)表达作者的观点。接着介绍Mark Westhusin所进行的克隆动物的实验(two calves,a cat and a dog),并特别指出对狗的克隆最具难度(one of the mysteries of modern science)。

第二、三段为第二部分,论证观点。

第二段:指出Mark Westhusin克隆动物的经验使他极力反对克隆人(vexed by talking of human cloning)。首句是段落主题句。段中详细介绍了一个克隆狗的项目(the Missyplicity project)中出现的状况:①从成百上千的卵中只获得一打左右基因匹配的胚胎;②转移到母体时没有一个胚胎存活下来。从这些细节中可以推出,克隆是低效而且危险的。这在末句“Cloning is incredibly inefficient, and also dangerous”得到了证实。该段最后还给出了Mark Westhusin的观点:动物实验中的浪费现象在人的研究中不能被接受。因此,该段将Mark Westhusin反对克隆人的态度表露无疑。

考研英语二翻译真题汇总

历年真题|考研政治历年真题|考研英语历年真题

链接:

Section I Use of English   1.【答案】B   【解析】从空后的句子“他们解放的人们”可以看出,空前的句子表示的应该是参加了第二次大战的男人和女人。只有serve有“服兵役”的意思,所以选B。其他都不符合题意。   2.【答案】B   【解析】空内信息应该是与hero“英雄”意思相对,后面的分句说他背井离乡,经历了很多苦难,显然这里应该是说由普通人平凡人(common man)成长为英雄,所以选B。   3.【答案】A   【解析】本题考查的是词语的搭配关系,承担战争带来的负担,应该用动词bear或shoulder,所以这里选A,bore。   4.【答案】A   【解析】necessities表示“生活必需品”,空外信息food和shelter(食物和住宿)这些就是维持生存最起码的条件。Facilities是设备设施,commodities商品,properties财产,均不符合题意。   5.【答案】C   【解析】not…but,“不是,而是”表转折,不是自愿兵,也没有高的报酬,而是一个普通人。所以选C。   6.【答案】D   【解析】这道题主要考查介词的搭配。根据up______(the best trained, bestequipped, fiercest, most brutal).enemies可以知道是起来反抗敌人,所以选D选项against。   7.【答案】C   【解析】GI。在军事上是Government Issue 的缩略语,所以,GL。这个符号就是象征着这个全称Government Issue。选C。   8.【答案】A   【解析】该句意思为,GI。这个符号出现在给士兵分发的所有物品上,hand out “分发,发放”符合题意。Turn over “移交”,bring back“带回”,pass down“传承,一代一代传下来”在句意上都说不通。   9.【答案】C   【解析】空所在句子的语境为:Joe是个普通名词,一个从未爬到社会顶层的人的名字。Manage表示再怎么经过努力,最终也未获得成功,所以选C。   10.【答案】B   【解析】结合第9题的分析可知,空所在句子实际上是进一步举例说明Joe没有取得大的成就:从来都不曾出现叫做Joe的总统、副总统、国务卿。根据句意只能选never,B。   11.【答案】D   【解析】本题考察词汇辨析。空所在的语境为:GI .Joe有_ _ 的军旅生涯,曾和德国,美国以及韩国的军队作战。由此语境确定选D,其他几项均不符合题意。   12.【答案】B   【解析】本题考察词汇辨析。空所在语境为:他身上体现着美国人的某些特色,或身上结合了美国人的诸多特性。结合语境,可知作者想表达在他身上有很多美国人的典型特色,因而选B。   13.【答案】C   【解析】本题考察词汇辨析。空所在语境为:Pyle _ _ 的士兵也本色出演了该片。结合上句对Ernie Pyle的介绍,可知为一战地记者(warcorrespondent),确定答案C。   14.【答案】D   【解析】本题考察词汇辨析。 空所在语境为:Pyle擅长报导战争的_ _面,报导这些浑身是尘土,积雪以及泥浆的士兵。Pyle报导重在士兵而非战争上,因而可确定他关注的应更多的是人性。所以选D。   15.【答案】D   【解析】本题考察词汇辨析。本题承接上题, 表达: Pyle并不关注士兵行军多少里,或是占领或解放了多少地方。Gain有推进(一段)距离的意思,故选D。   16.【答案】A   【解析】本题考察词汇辨析。空所在语境为:他的报导与Bill Maulden的是_____的。紧接的一句话揭示了本题的答案,两者都(Both men)。由此可确定两人的报导应是类似的。因而,选A。“counteracted”表示“抵制,中和,对抗 ”,duplicated表示“ 复制,重复”,“ contradicted”表示“反驳,与 ... 矛盾”。   17.【答案】C   【解析】本题考察逻辑搭配。空所在语境为:两者都_ 战争的丑恶,以及所带来的损耗。”由上题可知道,Pyle更加注重战争中的士兵,因而他不可能是忽略(neglected),避免(avoided)或是钦佩(admired)战争所带来的这一些负面的东西,因而本题选C。   18.【答案】B   【解析】本题由冒号后多表达的咖啡,香烟,威士忌,住的地方,还睡觉的地方,有好的觉可以睡与前面所说的前面dirt, exhaustion of war形成鲜明的对比。故选B   19.【答案】B   【解析】本题考察介词的用法。空所在语境为:_ _ 印度,法国,以及其他国家,. Joe可以是任何美国士兵。结合文章表达,应是对于这些人而言。因而,确定答案B。   20.【答案】D   【解析】本题考察逻辑搭配。空所在语境为:. Joe是他们生命中最重要的人。原题四个选项分别表示on the contrary“ 正相反”; [B] by thismeans“用这种方式”;[C]fromthe outset“从一开始”;[D]atthat point表示“就那点(方面)来说”。D为答案。   Section II   Reading Comprehension   Part A   Text 1   21.【答案】A   【解析】文章首段首句指出“家庭作业一直不受学生,还有许多家长的欢迎,特别是到了最近几年,家庭作业还遭到了人们的不屑。”后面的内容则是简单提出美国各学区对于家庭作业的作为,引出针对家庭作业所指定的政策。该题题干问的是“根据文章首段,目前家庭作业…”,关键词是家庭作业,因此答案从首句就能判断出来,题干的nowadays对应原文中的in recent years, 所选答案则是对“it has been particularlyscorned。”的同义改写,故答案选A。   22.【答案】C   【解析】文章第二段首句明确说到“这项政策的制定是为了解决贫困家庭的学生在完成家庭作业中可能遇到的困难。”这与题干所问“制定该政策的主要原因”以及“贫困学生”就对应起来了,故答案选C。   23.【答案】A   【解析】文章第三段第二句指出,“如果家庭作业仅占分值的10%,学生很容易少做一半的家庭作业,在他们的成绩单上也不会有什么差别。”“家庭作业仅占分值10%”这是 制定出的家庭作业政策的内容,因此,从这句话可以看出有了这项政策,既然成绩单上不会有区别,学生就会选择少做一半的家庭作业,这个意思对应选项为A。 24.【答案】B   【解析】题干关键词“a key question unanswered ”对应第四段的首句“the policy addresses none of thetruly thorny questions about homework。”而这个问题的具体内容则是从“if”开始说明,因此这道题要解出正确答案,需要对后面的内容进行分析,“如果学区认为家庭作业对应学生的学业不重要,学区应致力于减少或者删除家庭作业,使家庭作业不起任何作用;相反,如果家庭作业重要,它应该在学业中占重要的一部分。”从这两句的内容中,我们可以简单归纳出,所指定的这项政策到目前为止还未对家庭作业对于学生学业是否有重要作用给出确定答案,故答案选B。   25.【答案】D   【解析】这篇文章开篇指出家庭作业的弊病,随即提出美国各学区对此做出的努力,以所指定的政策为例,说明这项政策在各方面的作为,如第三段末尾说“The policy imposes aflat, across-the-board rule”,第四段首句说“这项政策并未解决任何关于家庭作业的棘手问题”,看出作者对于这项政策实际是持否定态度的,因此答案B可以排除;而C选项说的是“关于家庭作业的棘手问题”,文章中虽然提到这个“棘手问题”,但并非主要阐述,最终落脚点还是在关于家庭作业的政策上面,因此C选项排除;A选项的错误在于“错误解读”,文章是对政策进行客观解读,错误的是政策本身,而非解读。D选项考生可能不选的原因在于对“approach”一词的内涵意义不够理解,approach一词本意是接近,靠近,方法,它引申出来就是策略的意思,与文章中的policy内涵一致,故答案D为正确选项。   Text 2   26.【答案】A   【解析】题干的意思是“通过说‘粉色是彩虹中多么微小的一小部分’,作者的意思是 。根据文章第一段第三行,but作为连词表示后面的内容是对前面内容的否定,but之前的意思是说“粉色本身并不是不好”,而后买面的“such a tiny slice of”是指“是彩虹中多么微小的一部分”,由此可以得出,粉色并不代表女孩童年生活的全部。所以,选A。   27.【答案】B   【解析】题干是要根据文章第二段,判断哪个是对颜色理解正确的选项。根据文章第二段第一句话,前半部分是说“女孩对于粉色的关注看起来好像是不可避免的,不知怎么的,就跟存在与她们的基因里一样”,but之后是对前者的否定,所以很明显,A项是错误的。根据第二段的第7行,pink was actuallyconsidered the more masculine colour,可以得出,C选项错误。对于D选项,根据第二段第4、5行,可以得知,儿童穿白色是属于以前的情况,并非现在的事实,而D选项的时态是指一般现在时,时态不符合。根据文章8行,9行,可以得知,blue symbolisedfemininity,可以得知,蓝色曾经被认为是女孩子的颜色,符合文章题意。所以,选B。   28.【答案】A   【解析】题干“作者认为我们对于儿童心理发展的看法,多受____的影响。”从原文第三段的首句“我之前没有意识到,我们对孩子们所固有特性的认知深受市场趋势的支配,包括我们对他们心理发展的核心看法”,这一句可以明显看出相关儿童市场及其产品在左右人们对二年同心理发展的看法上所起的重要作用。而B、C、D均曲解了原文的意思,故本题正确答案为A   29.【答案】C   【解析】题干“从第4段我们可以看出,给出商店的建议是___” 选项A“关注婴儿和稍大一些的孩子的衣服”,回顾原文,第4段第1句话讲的是“为了增加销路,厂家应该开创在婴儿衣服和稍大一些的孩子衣服之前的一些商机”,而并没说是要“关注两者的衣服”,故A错误;B“把不同性别放在同等重要的地位”,此说法原文中并未提及,原文第4段只是在最后一句说道“分割市场最简便的方法之一就是来扩大性别之间的差异性”,故B错误;D“创造一些购买者的术语”,作者只是举出了一个“购买术语”的例子,但这不是作者的建议,真正是的建议是C,故C为正确答案。   30.【答案】C   【解析】题干“我们能推断出,女孩们对粉色的着迷看起来是___”文章最后两段都在探讨市场和厂家对人们看法和观念的诱导,因此C选项正合题意,其他选项都不正确。   Text 3   31.【答案】C   【解析】文章首段首句提到“In2010, a federal judge shook America's biotech industry to its core。”,即2010年,联邦的一项决定震惊了美国的生物科技产业。 后面接着提到,这项决定是“genes wereunpatentable”,意思是与基因相关的项目不能够获得专利权,而“executives were violently agitated”,由agitated(愤怒的)可以推断出正确答案为C,即生物科技产业希望与基因相关的项目能够获得专利权。   32.【答案】C   【解析】文章第三段提到了反对基因相关的项目能够获得专利权的三个理由。第一个是,基因是自然的产品;第二个是,基因获得专利会压制创新;第三个是,基因专利的垄断会限制基因测试。故正确答案为C,即反对者们会认为与基因相关的专利应该更多的依赖于创新。答案A文中没有提及,答案D与反对者的第二个理由相一致,答案B属于过渡推断。   33.【答案】A   【解析】文章第五段中提到“Firms are now studying how genes interact, looking for correlations thatmight be used to determine the causes of disease or predict a drug's efficacy”,即各大公司目前正在研究基因之间的相互作用,寻找它们之间的相关性,从而通过这些相关性推断疾病产生的原因或预测药物的有效性。而Hans Sauer解释到各大公司渴望赢得专利权的原因是“connecting the dots”,这与上句话提到的“疾病之间的相互作用和相互联系”相呼应,故而选A。答案B属于偷换概念;答案C和D在文中没有提到。   34.【答案】C   【解析】文章最后一段提到了BIO最近要召开的一个会议。“Each meeting was packed”,这句话中的“packed”的原义为“打包,包装”,而在此句中的意思是:挤满,塞满。即会议挤满了人,从而反映了大家对基因专利的关注,故真确答案为C。答案A与题干无关;答案B属于主观臆断;答案D是干扰项,训练律师只是这次大会的一部分内容,以偏概全。   35.【答案】D   【解析】从整体上看,作者不仅提到了希望获得基因专利全的生物科技产业为此所作出的努力,同时也提到了反对者反对的理由,文章第四段进一步提到了基因获得专利过程中遇到的实际问题。故而,作者多基因专业的态度是客观的,即答案D。   Text 4   36.【答案】D   【解析】题目定位在段首句。所以应该是整段意思的概括。第二句说,失业虽然很痛苦,但也从很多方面带来好处。冒号后面具体说他们从观念上,生活方式上发生了改变。所以选择D。A、B均为无关选项,C选项中说makeprofit,是侧重指获得经济利益,所以与原文不符。  37.【答案】D   【解析】第二句冒号后面:他们不再那么追求物质,经济上更节俭;同时意识到其他人在努力奋斗,即D选项中reconsidertheir lifestyle,重新审视他们的生活方式。A项有干扰性,但文中说“将我们从梦想中唤醒”,所以不对。B、C没有提到。   38.【答案】B   【解析】定位在第三段第二句开始。 接下来一句通过关键词mean-spiritedand less inclusive ,B选项正是该句的改写,故为正确答案;A属于过度推理;C、D意思明显弄反了   39.【答案】D   【解析】定位在第四段第三句冒号后面:高等学府的毕业生能够很快调整自身,达到未遭遇危机时的状态。D选项与之含义相符。C明显不对,“notall people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed”表明,不是所有的毕业生都认为前途渺茫。B项无中生有。A与原文相反。   40.【答案】A   【解析】由最后一句可知,“they certainly will reshape it”表示困难时期的一定会对社会产生影响的,所以certain与之相符。由最后一段无法看出是positive还是destructive,所以B、D均不正确。A项是“无足轻重的”,明显不对。   Part B   41.【答案】A   【解析】本题答案锁定在第三自然段,第二行讲到“Petrarchbegan...highlighting the virtue of classical heroes” 即彼特拉克在他的书中强调古典英雄的美德。答案A与此是完全对应的。   42.【答案】D   【解析】此题定位于第三自然段第五行,重点理解词组“turn on its head” ,意思为“to change sthcompletely”,所以说尼可洛,马基雅维利的观点与彼特拉克的观点是相反的,开启了了解历史伟人的新局面。   43.【答案】G   【解析】此题定位于第四自然段的第四行,“Self-help as acatalogue of the worthy lives of engineers, industrialists and explorers”, 塞缪尔·斯迈尔斯在他的书《成事在己》里面讲到了工程师,实业家,探险家的有意义的生活,G与此是对应的   44.【答案】C   【解析】此题定位于第五自然段第三行,“these epochal figuresrepresented lives hard to imitate”,托马斯,卡莱尔描述了一些穿越苦难的划时代的人物。C对应了此答案。   45.【答案】E   【解析】此题定位于第六自然段第五行,“history should be thestory of the masses and their record of struggle”,答案E与此句是完全对应的。   Section III Translation   46.【参考译文】发展中国家的人们为移民忧虑时,他们通常担忧的是离开自己国家去去硅谷或发达国家的医院和大学的秀、最聪明的群体的前景。这些劳动者正是像英国、加拿大、澳大利亚这样的国家通过赋予受过大学教育者以特权的移民法想要吸引的人群。   很多研究发现,来自发展中国家的那些受到良好教育的人们极有可能选择移居他国。2004年对印度家庭开展了一项广泛的调查,结果显示约40%的移民受过高中以上的教育。相比而言,在所有年龄超过25岁的印度人中,受过高中以上教育的人数比例只有约。“人才流失”一直困扰着贫穷国家的政策制定者们。他们担心这会对本国的经济造成损害,造成国家急需的技工的流失。这些技术人员可能曾在他们的大学教学,也可能曾在他们的医院工作,或者曾经构想出智能化的新产品让他们的工厂去生产。   【解析】今年翻译话题是贫穷国家的人才流失问题,话题内容比较好理解,从而在很大程度上降低了翻译的难度。但还是有几个地方有的同学可能会比较困惑。   1)文章第一句的主句需要我们去认真思考下。“they are usually concerned at the prospectof their best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in thedeveloped world”   这句话中concern at 的宾语是prospect。看到“of”我们要立即想到“A of B”翻译为“B的A”在这里,A指的就是“prospect”,关键就是找出B指代的是什么。而这一点恰恰是本句理解的难点B指的是 “theirbest and brightest”翻译为 “他们中秀、最聪明的(群体)”。   2)   第一段第二句话关键在于对两个that引导的从句的理解。第一个that从句作定语修饰workers,第二个that作定语修饰rules。这里是考研英语中经常出现的一个考点:从句的嵌套。对于这样的句子我们的关键在于准确找到先行词,根据一个句子如果有N个连词就必定有N+1个动词的原则来切分开长句。   3)“brain drain” 这个词组是在报刊杂志中经常出现的,意思是“人才流失”。这个词语通过上下文逻辑应该能大概猜出它的意思,但是在考研考场上,尤其是在完成了阅读和作文后很多同学可能已经耗费了大量的体力和脑力,对于这个单词的猜测可能会很费力,甚至会放弃。这个说明我们再平时的学习过程中应该注意积累这样的热点词汇。   4)“They fear that ithurts their economies, deprivingthem of much-needed skilledworkers who”   对于这个句子的理解关键在于对于“depriving”之后成分在句子结构中作用的理解。Deprive本意是剥夺,在这里很显然不适合直译。我们根据逻辑关系可以翻译为“技工的流失”。“clever”这个单词很简单,同学们都认识,在这里翻译为“聪明的”很显然说不通,clever除了“聪明的”还有“精巧”之意,再结合这里说的是技术工人的重要性,我们可以翻译为“智能的”   Section IV Writing   47.小作文   【参考范文】   Dear Sir or Madam,   I am writing this letter to make acomplaint about the quality of the electronic dictionary I bought from yourstore the other day。   The reason for my dissatisfaction is that Ifound the electronic dictionary can’t reach my satisfaction. In the firstplace, the outlook is quite different from what it is placed online. Inaddition, the number of the vocabulary contained in it is too small. I’d liketo buy an electronic dictionary with a large vocabulary。   I appreciate it very much if you couldchange another satisfying one for me. And I would like to have this mattersettled by next Friday. Thank you for your consideration and I will be lookingforward to your favorable reply。   Yourssincerely,   Zhang Wei   48.大作文   【参考范文】   Here demonstrates a table with regard to thedegree of satisfaction on work of staff in a company ranging from threedifferent age groups, under 40, 40 to 50, and above 50 speaking, people in their forties are least satisfied with theirpresent work situation at the rate of . In comparison, people over 50 aremost satisfied with their current situation at . A noticeable figure isthat half the staff under the age of 40 have no idea about their conditions。   There prove to be a number of reasonsaccounting for it. First and foremost, it has something to do with thestructure of staff’s age, especially with their working and life experience inwhich they play a pivotal role. What is more, this social issue is likely to beintertwined with the organization of the company where they serve。   In line with my personal thinking, thereare two major factors that should be taken into account seriously. On one hand,the general people concerned should enhance their awareness in this respect. Whatis more, the relevant company should increase the benefits for their if these measures are adopted effectively can people work in peace andcontent and companies benefit most。

这在原文中有:they were more aware of the struggles of others体现,但是这只是说有了一种意识,而不是真的“each other”的与任何人都去“struggle against”,故属于同形不同义,排除。   [C]challenge their lifestyle,C选项,挑战了他们的生活方式。   该选项符合文章中的相关内容,与题干结合有歧义,即人们自己挑战自己的生活方式。实际上,原文所提及的一些题改变是人们迫不得已的重新思考的结果,而不是人们自主的挑战。所以,排除此选项。   [D]reconsider their lifestyle ,D选项,重新思考他们的时候方式。   文章中“had improved them in some ways;”;“they had become less materialistic and more financially prudent; they were more aware of the struggles of others。”;“At the very least, it has awoken us from our national fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses, and put a necessary end to an era of reckless personal spending”都是一种基于改变的思考,故选D选项。   第38题,结合文章研读选项:   [A]impose a heavier burden on immigrants,A选项,加重外来移民的负担。   原文中表述如下:Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increases即反移民的情绪增加,但是这不是移民的负担,所以与上题的多干扰项一样,属于同形不同义,排除。   [B]bring out more evils of human nature ,B选项,使显示出更多的人性的罪恶。   通过对“engthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive, and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms. Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increases, as does conflict between races and classes。”的综合,可以确定,此选项为正确选项。   “[C]Promote the advance of rights and freedoms,C选项,推动权力和自由的进步”以及“[D]ease conflicts between races and classes,D选项,缓和各个种族与各个阶级之间的冲突”明显与原文“stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms。”以及“does conflict between races and classes”不符合,所以排除。   故,最终确认,答案为B选项。   第39题,结合文章研读选项:   Income inequality usually falls during a recession, but it has not shrunk in this one. Indeed, this period of economic weakness may reinforce class divides, and decrease opportunities to cross them--- especially for young people. The research of Till Von Wachter, the economist in Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind。   [A]lag behind the others due to decreased opportunities,A选项,由于缺少机会而落后于其他人。   文章中有“decrease opportunities to cross them”,但是此句,只是在讨论前面的核心点“class divides”,而不是有关于“elite universities”。   而“left behind”所在“ it is the masses beneath them that are left behind。”这一句是一个明显的强调句型,还原为原句后是:the masses beneath them are left behind. 其中them指代前面的“those with degrees from elite universities”即题干中的大学生。故该句翻译成:在大学之后的大众们被抛在后面。   所以,大学生没有因为机会少而落后,故属于同形不同义,排除。   [B]catch up quickly with experienced employees,B选项,以很快赶上了经验丰富的员工。   原文中有:those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times。其“catch up quickly with ”对象是“where they have been”,而非人,所以,排除不选。   [C]see their life chances as dimmed as the others’,C选项,和其他人一样把他们的生活机会看的很暗淡。   根据原文,同样可以知道,他们不会如同其他人一样,所以排除。   [D]recover more quickly than the others,D选项,比其他人回复的更快速。   在原文中的“those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind。”说明,第一大学生会去到在较好的时代不能去到的高度,其次他们可以超过其他人,所以,答案为,他们恢复的更快。   第30题,在文章中不好确定,故进入第四步骤解题。   第四步骤:全文解题。   全文前四个段落都已出题,唯独最后一个段落没有出题,根据出题区域不重复的原则(相见同上),所以研读选项后,重点研读最后一个段落。   [A]certain ,A选项,确定的。   [B]positive,B选项,积极地。   [C]trivial,C选项,琐碎的。   [D]destructive,D选项,毁灭的。   C选项与D选项,属于负面选项,纵观全文,内容较为可观且积极,所以负面的选项,应该排除,其实这也好理解,就是如果真的是全负面的影响,美国人民可能就是去活下去的勇气了……   而,很多同学会被B选项,积极地,所迷惑,原因是文中提及了很多好一点的内容,但是,在文章中的最后一段有原文:We will have to wait and see exactly how these hard times will reshape our social fabric. But they certainly it, and all the more so the longer they extend。   所以,答案为A选项,确定的。即作者认为是有影响的,但是影响的最终结果,仍需等待。   所以结合上面的真题解析,我们可以知道,在阅读之时不要为相同但是却不同意义的选项所迷惑,原文才是检验真题的途径!   希望该文章能对各位同学的复习有所帮助。   韩 苏   2012年1月8日   附录:2012年考研英语(二)第四篇文章   Text 4   The great recession may be over, but this era of high joblessness is probably beginning. Before it ends, it will likely change the life course and character of a generation of young adults. And ultimately, it is likely to reshape our politics, our culture, and the character of our society for years。   No one tries harder than the jobless to find silver linings in this national economic disaster. Many said that unemployment, while extremely painful, had improved them in some ways; they had become less materialistic and more financially prudent; they were more aware of the struggles of others. In limited respects, perhaps the recession will leave society better off. At the very least, it has awoken us from our national fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses, and put a necessary end to an era of reckless personal spending。   But for the most part, these benefits seem thin, uncertain, and far off. In The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth, the economic historian Benjamin Friedman argues that both inside and outside the . , lengthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive, and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms. Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increases, as does conflict between races and classes。   Income inequality usually falls during a recession, but it has not shrunk in this one. Indeed, this period of economic weakness may reinforce class divides, and decrease opportunities to cross them--- especially for young people. The research of Till Von Wachter, the economist in Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind。   In the internet age, it is particularly easy to see the resentment that has always been hidden within American society. More difficult, in the moment, is discerning precisely how these lean times are affecting society’s character. In many respects, the . was more socially tolerant entering this recession than at any time in its history, and a variety of national polls on social conflict since then have shown mixed results. We will have to wait and see exactly how these hard times will reshape our social fabric. But they certainly it, and all the more so the longer they extend。    saying “to find silver linings”(Line 1,)the author suggest that the jobless try to___。   [A]seek subsidies from the government   [B]explore reasons for the unemployment   [C]make profits from the troubled economy   [D]look on the bright side of the recession   37. According to Paragraph 2,the recession has made people_____。   [A]realize the national dream   [B]struggle against each other   [C]challenge their lifestyle   [D]reconsider their lifestyle   38. Benjamin Friedman believed that economic recession may_____。   [A]impose a heavier burden on immigrants   [B]bring out more evils of human nature   [C]Promote the advance of rights and freedoms   [D]ease conflicts between races and classes   39. The research of Till Von Wachther suggests that in recession graduates from elite universities tend to _____。   [A]lag behind the others due to decreased opportunities   [B]catch up quickly with experienced employees   [C]see their life chances as dimmed as the others’   [D]recover more quickly than the others   40. The author thinks that the influence of hard times on society is____。   [A]certain   [B]positive   [C]trivial   [D]destructive

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考研英语翻译历年真题汇总

同求QAQ 那个如果有结果请回复我一下 谢谢同学

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2021年翻译硕士(电子书)(独家提供)

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这里有一份最全的考研历年真题资料分享给你

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2013考研英语一真题翻译

text1在 2006年的电影《穿普拉达的女魔头》中,梅丽尔·斯特里普扮演的米兰达•普瑞斯特利指责她那毫无吸引 力的助理认为高级时装并未感染到她。Priestly解释了这些年来,助理毛衫的那种深蓝色是如何从时尚秀场走向 百货商店,又走向廉价服装店的,无疑,这个穷女孩的衣服就是在那儿买的。时尚业这种自上而下的概念已经过时了,与伊丽莎白·克莱恩在《过分打扮》一书中所描绘的狂热世界存 在着差异。这本书是她长达三年对“快速时尚”的控诉。近十年的时间中,技术进步使得大规模市场品牌,如 Zara, H&M 和优衣库等对于潮流趋势的反应更加速度,并且能更精确预测市场需求。快速的转变意味着浪费的 库存减少了,新品发布更加频繁,并且能获得更大的利润。这些品牌鼓励那些有时尚意识的顾客们将服装视作 是一次性的——也就是只洗一两次就不要了,尽管这些品牌并未宣传这一点——并且鼓励他们每隔几周就更新 自己的衣柜。通过提供非常便宜的时尚单品,克莱恩认为,这些品牌掠夺了时尚圈,撼动了这个早就适应了季 节性周期的行业。这次革新的受害者们,当然,不仅仅限于设计师们。对 H&M 来说,要在全球 2300多家店里销售价格 美元的针织迷你裙,它必须依赖于低廉的海外劳动力,必须成批大量订购,而这使得自然资源紧张,并且使用 数量众多的有害化学品。《过分打扮》是时尚界对和迈克尔·波伦《杂食者的困境》一书一样,维护消费者权益积极分子的畅销书 所作出的最好回应。“批量生产的服装,就像快餐一样,能够满足饥饿与需求,然而不是持久的而且非常浪费。” 克莱恩认为。她发现,美国人每年约购买 200亿服装——平均每人 64件——无论有多少衣服被他们送出去,这种过度购买还是会导致浪费。《过分打扮》接近尾声的时候,克莱恩介绍了一位典范:一个叫莎拉·凯特·博蒙特的布鲁克林女性。博蒙特7自 2008 年起,所有衣服都是自己缝制的——并且都很漂亮。但也正如克莱恩一开始提到的:博蒙特花费了 10年时间去完善自己的工艺,她的案例是无法被打败的。尽管几家快速时尚公司都努力抑制他们对于劳动力和环境产生的影响——比如 H&M 有环保自觉行动生产 线——克莱恩相信,只有消费者才能实现持续性的变化。无论在食物还是能源方面,她都表现出许多可持续发 展的倡导者常有的理想主义。虚荣是永恒的;只有消费不起的时候,人们才可能开始可持续性消费。

这个句子主干部分为people will only start shopping moe sustainabl...,从句为when 引导的条件状语从句,该从句为省略句,not to 后省略了主句中的shop more substainably. can't afford not to 两个not ,双重否定。翻译为:只有当人们支付不起不能消费的的时候,才会进行可持续消费。

她罗列出了许多与先前可持续性的倡议相似理想主义观点,不管是在食品还是在能源方面。

be后=whether it may be in food or in energy. be+主语=whether…or…或no matter how…(类似于让步状语从句)她罗列出了理想主义与许多可持续性的倡议的共同点,不管是在食品还是在能源方面。

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