摘要：
一致性连贯性英语连续性持续性一个愚蠢的结合是不可思议的思想.consistency:连结, 结合, 坚固性, 浓度, 密度, 一致性, 连贯性hobgoblin :妖怪,... 一致性连贯性英语
连续性持续性
一个愚蠢的结合是不可思议的思想.consistency:连结, 结合, 坚固性, 浓度, 密度, 一致性, 连贯性hobgoblin :妖怪, 怪物,在这里应该可以翻译成"不可思议"
需要全句。傻气的坚持一致就好比小地精。。。
英[kən'sɪstənsɪ]
美[kənˈsɪstənsi]
意思：n. 连贯;符合;前后一致;浓度
拓展如下：
参考例子：
1.Good pedigree is all about consistency.
好的血统是与一致性有关。
2.Mix flour and liquid to the right consistency .
把面粉和液体混合到适当的浓度。
3.This is a sign we give to ourselves of consistency and optimism.
这是一个我们给予自己的一致和乐观的信号。
英文解释n.：
1.the property of holding together and retaining its shape
2.a harmonious uniformity or agreement among things or parts
3.logical coherence and accordance with the facts
4.(logic) an attribute of a logical system that is so constituted that none of the propositions deduci
网络释义：
1:consistency
一致性; 稠度; 一贯原则; 稠厚度;
2:consistency strategy
应变策略;
3:consistency condition
相容条件; 一致性条件; 一致性条件;
4:initial consistency
初始稠度;
5:normal consistency
标准稠度; 正常稠度; 标准稠度,正常调度; 释义：标准稠度;
连贯性英文
条理性: sense of order连贯性: 1. continuity2. consistency
英语作文 英语作文的基本要求： 首先，一个段落必须有一个中心即主题思想，该中心由主题句特别是其中的题旨来表达。整个段落必须紧扣这个主题（stick or hold to the topic），这就是段落的统一性（unity）。其次，一个段落必须有若干推展句，使主题思想得到充分展开，从而给读者一个完整的感觉，这就是完整性（completeness or adequateness）。再者，一个段落不是杂乱无章的，而是有机的组合，句子的排列顺序必须合乎逻辑，从一个句子到另一个句子的过渡必须流畅（smooth），这就是连贯性（coherence）。下面我们就对这三个标准分别加以说明。 1、统一性 一个段落内的各个句子必须从属于一个中心，任何游离于中心思想之外的句子都是不可取的。请看下例： Joe and I decided to take the long trip we'd always wanted across the country. We were like young kids buying our camper and stocking it with all the necessities of life. Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie. We started out in early spring from Minneapolis and headed west across the northern part of the country. We both enjoyed those people we met at the trailer park. Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner. To our surprise, we found that we liked the warm southern regions very much, and so we decided to stay here in New Mexico. 本段的主题句是段首句，controlling idea（中心思想）是take the long trip across the country。文中出现两个irrelevant sentences，一个是Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie，这一段是讲的是Joe and I ，中间出现一个Bella是不合适的。还有，Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner这一句更是与主题句不相关。再看一个例子： My name is Roseanna, and I like to keep physically fit. I used to weigh two hundred pounds, but I joined the YMCA for an exercise class and diet program. In one year I lost eighty pounds. I feel much better and never want to have that much weight on my five-feet frame again. I bought two new suitcases last week. Everyday I practice jogging three miles, swimming fifteen laps, lifting twenty-pound weights and playing tennis for one hour. My mother was a premature baby. 本段的controlling idea 是like to deep physically fit，但段中有两个irrelevant sentences，一个是I bought two new suitcases last week，另一个是My mother was a premature baby。 从上面两个例子可以看出，native speakers同样会造出来irrelevant sentences。卷面上如果这种句子多了，造成偏题或离题，那问题就更严重了。 2、完整性 正象我们前面说得那样，一个段落的主题思想靠推展句来实现，如果只有主题句而没有推展句来进一步交待和充实，就不能构成一个完整的段落。同样，虽然有推展句，但主题思想没有得到相对圆满的交待，给读者一种意犹未尽的感觉。这样的段落也不能完成其交际功能。例如： Physical work can be a useful form of therapy for a mind in turmoil. Work concentrates your thoughts on a concrete task. Besides, it is more useful to work —— you produce something rather than more anxiety or depression. 本段的主题句是段首句。本段的两个推展句均不能回答主题句中提出的问题。什么是“a mind in turmoil”（心境不平静）Physical work又如何能改变这种情况？为什么它能起therapy的作用？读者得不到明确的答案。因此，要达到完整就必须尽可能地简明。例如： It is not always true that a good picture is worth a thousand words. Often writing is much clearer than a picture. It is sometimes difficult to figure out what a picture means, but a careful writer can almost always explain it. 段首句所表达的主题思想是一种看法，必须有具体事例加以验证。上述两个推展句只是在文字上对主题作些解释，整个段落内容空洞，简而不明。如果用一两个具体的例子的话，就可以把主题解释清楚了。比如下段： It is not always true that a picture is worth a thousand words. Sometimes, pictures are pretty useless things. If you can't swim and fall in the river and start gulping water, will you be better off to hold up a picture of yourself drowning, or start screaming "Help"? 3、连贯性（coherence） 连贯性包括意连和形连两个方面，前者指的是内在的逻辑性，后者指的是使用转换词语。当然这两者常常是不可分割的。只有形连而没有意连，句子之间就没有内在的有机的联系；反之，只有意连而没有形连，有时行文就不够流畅。 1）、意连 段落中句子的排列应遵循一定的次序，不能想到什么就写什么。如果在下笔之前没有构思，边写边想，写写停停，那就写不出一气呵成的好文章来。下面介绍几种常见的排列方式。 A．按时间先后排列（chronological arrangement） We had a number of close calls that day. When we rose, it was obviously late and we had to hurry so as not to miss breakfast; we knew the dining room staff was strict about closing at nine o'clock. Then, when we had been driving in the desert for nearly two hours —— it must have been close to noon —— the heat nearly hid us in; the radiator boiled over and we had to use most of our drinking water to cool it down. By the time we reached the mountain, it was our o'clock and we were exhausted. Here, judgement ran out of us and we started the tough climb to the summit, not realizing that darkness came suddenly in the desert. Sure enough, by six we were struggling and Andrew very nearly went down a steep cliff, dragging Mohammed and me along with him. By nine, when the wind howled across the flat ledge of the summit, we knew as we shivered together for warmth that it had not been our lucky day. 本段从“rose”（起床）写起，然后是吃早餐（“not to miss breakfast”, “closing at nine o'clock”），然后是“close to noon”，一直写到这一天结束（“By nine——”）。 B. 按位置远近排列（spatial arrangement）。例如： From a distance, it looked like a skinny tube, but as we got closer, we could see it flesh out before our eyes. It was tubular, all right, but fatter than we could see from far away. Furthermore, we were also astonished to notice that the building was really in two parts: a pagoda sitting on top of a tubular one-story structure. Standing ten feet away, we could marvel at how much of the pagoda was made up of glass windows. Almost everything under the wonderful Chinese roof was made of glass, unlike the tube that it was sitting on, which only had four. Inside, the tube was gloomy, because of the lack of light. Then a steep, narrow staircase took us up inside the pagoda and the light changed dramatically. All those windows let in a flood of sunshine and we could see out for miles across the flat land. 本段的写法是由远及近，从远处（“from a distance”）写起，然后“get closer”，再到（“ten feet away”），最后是“inside the pagoda”……当然，按位置远近来写不等于都是由远及近。根据需要，也可以由近及远，由表及里等等。 C. 按逻辑关系排列（logical arrangement） a. 按重要性顺序排列（arrangement in order of importance） If you work as a soda jerker, you will, of course, not need much skill in expressing yourself to be effective. If you work on a machine, your ability to express yourself will be of little importance. But as soon as you move one step up from the bottom, your effectiveness depends on your ability to reach others through the spoken or the written word. And the further away your job is from manual work, the larger the organization of which you are an employee, the more important it will be that you know how to convey your thoughts in writing or speaking. In the very large business organization, whether it is the government, the large corporation, or the Army, this ability to express oneself is perhaps the most important of all the skills a man can possess. 这一段谈的是表达能力，它的重要性与职业，身份有关，从“not need much skill”或“of little importance”到“more important”，最后是“most important”。 b.由一般到特殊排列（general-to-specific arrangement） If a reader is lost, it is generally because the writer has not been careful enough to keep him on the path. This carelessness can take any number of forms. Perhaps a sentence is so excessively cluttered that the reader, hacking his way through the verbiage, simply doesn't know what it means. Perhaps a sentence has been so shoddily constructed that the reader could read it in any of several ways. Perhaps the writer has switched tenses, or has switched pronouns in mid-sentence, so the reader loses track of when the action took place or who is talking. Perhaps sentence B is not logical sequel to sentence A —— the writer, in whose head the connection is clear, has not bothered to provide the missing link. Perhaps the writer has used an important word incorrectly by not taking the trouble to look it up. He may think that "sanguine" and "sanguinary" mean the same thing, but the difference is a bloody big one. The reader can only infer what the writer is trying to imply. 这一段谈的是a writer's carelessness，先给出一个general statement作为主题句，然后通过5个 ”perhaps”加以例证。 c. 由特殊到一般排列（specific-to-general arrangement） I do not understand why people confuse my Siamese cat, Prissy, with the one I had several years ago, Henry. The two cats are only alike in breed. Prissy, a quiet, feminine feline, loves me dearly but not possessively. She likes to keep her distance from people, exert her independence and is never so rude as to beg, lick, or sniff unceremoniously. Her usual posture is sitting upright, eyes closed, perfectly still. Prissy is a very proper cat. Henry, on the other hand, loved me dearly but possessively. He was my shadow from morning till night. He expected me to constantly entertain him. Henry never cared who saw him do anything, whether it was decorous or not, and he usually offended my friends in some way. The cat made himself quite comfortable, on the top of the television, across stranger's feet or laps, in beds, drawers, sacks, closets, or nooks. The difference between them is imperceptible to strangers. 本段的主题句是段首句，它仅提出一个问题：为什么两只猫会被搞混。然后对两者进行比较，末句才下结论。 2）、形连 行文的逻辑性常常要靠适当的转换词语及其他手段来实现。请读下面这一段文字并找出文中用以承上启下的词语： Walter's goal in life was to become a successful surgeon. First, though, he had to get through high school, so he concentrated all his efforts on his studies —— in particular, biology, chemistry, and math. Because he worked constantly on these subjects, Walter became proficient in them; however, Walter forgot that he needed to master other subjects besides those he had chosen. As a result, during his junior year of high school, Walter failed both English and Latin. Consequently, he had to repeat these subjects and he was almost unable to graduate on schedule. Finally, on June 6, Walter achieved the first step toward realizing his goal. 本文中起承上启下的词语有两种，一种是转换词语（transitional words or phrases），另一种是起转换作用的其他连接手段（linking devices）。前者依次有：first, though, so, in particular, and, because, however, besides, as a result, both…and, consequently, and, finally.后者依次是：he, he, his, his, he, these, them, he, those, his, he, these, his. 本段中共有词汇105个，所使用的转换词语及其他连接用语共26个词，约占该段总词汇量的四分之一。由此可见，掌握好transitions不仅对行文的流（smoothness）有益，而且对于学生在半个小时内写120个词也是不无好处的。 一个段落里如果没有transitions也就很难有coherence了.我们看下面一个例子： Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds. Writing uses written symbols. Speech developed about 500 000 years ago. Written language is a recent development. It was invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal. The word choice of writing is often relatively formal. Pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from. Pronunciation and accent are ignored in writing. A standard diction and spelling system prevails in the written language of most countries. Speech relies on gesture, loudness, and rise and fall of the voice. Writing lacks gesture, loudness and the rise and fall of the voice. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences. 本段中除了第6句开头出现一个起过渡作用的”it”之外，没有使用其他的过渡词语.这样，文中出现许多重复的词语，全段读起来也显得生硬而不自然。如果加上必要的过渡词语来修饰的话，这一段就成了下面一个流畅连贯的段落： Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds; writing, on the other hand, uses written symbols. Speech was developed about 500 000 years ago, but written language is a recent development, invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal, while the word choice of writing, by contrast, is often relatively formal. Although pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from, they are ignored in wiring because a standard diction and spelling system prevails in most countries. Speech relies on gesture, loudness, and the rise and fall of the voice, but writing lacks these features. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences． 4、有损连贯性的几种情况： 考生在写作中经常出现下面几种错误： 1、不必要的改变时态，比如： In the movie, Robert Redford was a spy. He goes to his office where he found everybody dead. Other spies wanted to kill him, so he takes refuge with Julie Christie. At her house, he had waited for the heat to die down, but they come after him anyway. 2、不必要的改变单复数，比如： Everybody looks for satisfaction in his life. They want to be happy. But if he seeks only pleasure in the short run, the person will soon run out of pleasure and life will catch up to him. They need to pursue the deeper pleasure of satisfaction in work and in relationships. 3、不必要的改变人称，比如： Now more than ever, parents need to be in touch with their children's activities because modern life has the tendency to cause cleavages in the family. You need to arrange family like it so that family members will do things together and know one another. You need to give up isolated pleasures of your own and realize that parents have a set of obligations to sponsor togetherness and therefore sponsor knowledge. 因此写作中，一定要注意时态，人称以及数的变化是否正确，要注意保持一致。 英语作文的书写格式 英文书写应符合书写规范，英文字母要写清楚、写整齐、写美观，字母的大小和字母之间的距离要匀称。书写应做到字形秀丽漂亮，通篇匀称和谐。 写英文字母要掌握正确笔顺。如字母i，应该先写下面的部分，然后再打点。有的学生却按写汉字的习惯从上到下写，写快了，就会把点和下面的十笔连在量起，显得十分别扭。字形t应为两笔。不少人却将两笔合成一笔，看上去不像t，倒像l或是e，难以辨认。另外，把r写成v，把q写成把g，把k写成h等等，都是中学生书写中常见的毛病。 不少人在四线三格的练习纸上书写尚有规矩，能按字母的占格、高低和大小要求书写，但在白纸或横线纸上书写，却显得十分幼稚拙劣。字母或跳上跳下，或一律写成同一高度，占上中两格的字母与占中下两格的字母完全没有高低之别。这些现象都要防止。 另外，书写时还要注意词与词之间要保持一定的距离，不能紧靠在一起。字母之间的连写也应该按照习惯，不能随意乱来。 在一篇字数有限的作文里，我们还要注意尽量不把一个单词拆开移行。万一要移行，则必须以音节为单位进行，如revolution这个词，依照音节移行的原则可以按re-，revo-, revolu-这几种方法移行。在移行时，我们还应特别注意以下几点: 1. 单音节词不能移行，即使是字母较多的单音节词，如through等也不能例外。 2．缩略词如Mr.，Dr.等不能和后面的名字拆开移行。 缩略的专用名词如U．K.，U．S．A等也不能拆开移行。 3．时间、量度及货币单位应视为一个整体；不能分开移行。如； 11：00P.M.应写在一行内，不能将11：00和P．M．分开移行；写38℃时，不能将38和℃分开移行。 4．由“年、月、日”表示的日期，如果必须分开移行只能将“月、日”与“年”分开。如January 6，1980不能将January和6分开移行，但可以把January 6，和1980分成两行。 5．含双写辅音字母的单词，在移行时要将辅音字母拆开。如better可拆成better，necessary可拆成necessary。 但如果双写辅音字母属于词根，后面又加了后缀，就不能将两个辅音字母拆开。如drill加上-ing后构成了drilling，就不可以将它拆成成dril-ling，而只能拆为drilling。 例文： 1.宠物： A Talkative Parrot A lady worked in a company. There were a lot of shops on her way to work. One morning, when she was walking to work, she passed by a new pet shop. She was so excited when she saw a parrot sitting beside the door. She really loved birds. When she stopped to look at the handsome bird, it said to her, "Hey, lady, you are really ugly.” This made the lady very angry. She quickly left the shop and went to work. On her way home, she passed the same pet shop again. This time the parrot saw her again, it said immediately: "Hey lady, you are really ugly!" The lady tried to control herself. She walked to the shopkeeper and told him that if the parrot said it again, she would have the police come and take it away. "I'm so sorry, madam. I promise it won't happen again," the shopkeeper said. The next morning, when the lady walked past the pet shop, she pretended that she didn’t see it. But the parrot saw her at once and said to her quickly, "Hey lady." She stopped and looked at the bird coldly. "Yes?" she answered in an angry voice. The bird, sitting up straight and smiling at her, said, "You know." 2.人物： Elizabeth Bennet （伊丽莎白） The second daughter in the Bennet family, and the most intelligent and quick-witted, Elizabeth is the protagonist of Pride and Prejudice and one of the most well-known female characters in English literature. Her admirable qualities are numerous—she is lovely, clever, and, in a novel defined by dialogue, she converses as brilliantly as anyone. Her honesty, virtue, and lively wit enable her to rise above the nonsense and bad behavior that pervade her class-bound and often spiteful society. Nevertheless, her sharp tongue and tendency to make hasty judgments often lead her astray; Pride and Prejudice is essentially the story of how she (and her true love, Darcy) overcome all obstacles—including their own personal failings—to find romantic happiness. Elizabeth must not only cope with a hopeless mother, a distant father, two badly behaved younger siblings, and several snobbish, antagonizing females, she must also overcome her own mistaken impressions of Darcy, which initially lead her to reject his proposals of marriage. Her charms are sufficient to keep him interested, fortunately, while she navigates familial and social turmoil. As she gradually comes to recognize the nobility of Darcy’s character, she realizes the error of her initial prejudice against him. Bennet家庭的第二个女儿和最聪明和机智，伊丽莎白是自豪感和偏见的主演和其中一个在英国文学的最知名的女性角色。 她令人敬佩的质量是numerous—she是可爱的，聪明，并且，在对话定义的小说，她一样精采地交谈象任何人。 她的诚实、美德和活泼的机智使她在胡话之上起来，并且弥漫她的坏行为类跳起和经常恶意的社会。 然而，她的伶俐的口舌和倾向经常做仓促评断带领她迷路; 自豪感和偏见本质上是故事她(和她真实的爱， Darcy)怎样克服他们自己的个人failings—to发现浪漫幸福的所有obstacles—including。 伊丽莎白必须不仅应付一个绝望的母亲，一个遥远的父亲，二非常表现的更加年轻的兄弟姐妹，并且几位势利，对抗的女性，她必须也克服Darcy她自己的错误印象，最初带领她拒绝他的求婚。 而她驾驶家族和社会动乱，她魅力是充足保持他感兴趣，幸运地。 当她逐渐来认可Darcy’s字符的贵族，她体会她对他的最初的偏见错误
英语作文，是指用英语针对某一内容写出一篇文章；是英语考试最常见的一种题目类型；在莱曼英语所倡导的五种英语语言能力中，写作被认为是必修的重要课题之一。它既是英语学习短期目标——考试所要求的内容之一，又是英语学习的长期目标——交流所必需的能力之一。毋庸置疑，英语写作是集基础知识，基本能力和课外信息于一身的综合体现，同时，又要兼顾到写作者高超的写作技巧。因而，没有扎实的英语语法知识；没有长期不懈的训练；没有科学的方法指导；没有广博的课本以外的知识和信息，写好一篇优秀的英语作文是非常困难的。首先，一个段落必须有一个中心,即主题思想，该中心由主题句特别是其中的题旨来表达。整个段落必须紧扣这个主题（stick or hold to the topic），这就是段落的统一性（unity）。其次，一个段落必须有若干推展句，使主题思想得到充分展开，从而给读者一个完整的感觉，这就是完整性（completeness or adequateness）。再者，一个段落不是杂乱无章的，而是有机的组合，句子的排列顺序必须合乎逻辑，从一个句子到另一个句子的过渡必须流畅（smooth），这就是连贯性（coherence）。根据文章题目以及你所想要表示的意思下手，下面我们就对这三个标准分别加以说明。1、统一性一个段落内的各个句子必须从属于一个中心，任何游离于中心思想之外的句子都是不可取的。请看下例： Joe and I decided to take the long trip which we'd always wanted across the country. We were like young kids buying our camper and stocking it with all the necessities of life. Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie. We started out in early spring from Minneapolis and headed west across the northern part of the country. We both enjoyed those people we met at the trailer park. Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner. To our surprise, we found that we liked the warm southern regions very much, and so we decided to stay here in New Mexico. 本段的主题句是段首句，controlling idea（中心思想）是take the long trip across the country。文中出现两个irrelevant sentences(不相干的句子)，一个是Bella bakes the best rhubarb pie，这一段是讲的是Joe and I ，中间出现一个Bella是不合适的。还有，Joe received a watch at his retirement dinner这一句更是与主题句不相关。再看一个例子： My name is Roseanna, and I like to keep physically fit. I used to weigh two hundred pounds, but I joined the YMCA for an exercise class and diet program. In one year I lost eighty pounds. I feel much better and never want to have that much weight on my five-feet frame again. I bought two new suitcases last week. Everyday I practice jogging three miles, swimming fifteen laps, lifting twenty-pound weights and playing tennis for one hour. My mother was a premature baby. 本段的controlling idea 是like to deep physically fit，但段中有两个irrelevant sentences，一个是I bought two new suitcases last week，另一个是My mother was a premature baby。 从上面两个例子可以看出，native speakers同样会造出来irrelevant sentences。卷面上如果这种句子多了，造成偏题或离题，那问题就更严重了。2、完整性正象我们前面说得那样，一个段落的主题思想靠推展句来实现，如果只有主题句而没有推展句来进一步交待和充实，就不能构成一个完整的段落。同样，虽然有推展句，但主题思想没有得到相对圆满的交待，给读者一种意犹未尽的感觉。这样的段落也不能完成其交际功能。例如： Physical work can be a useful form of therapy for a mind in turmoil. Work concentrates your thoughts on a concrete task. Besides, it is more useful to work —— you produce something rather than more anxiety or depression. 本段的主题句是段首句。本段的两个推展句均不能回答主题句中提出的问题。什么是“a mind in turmoil”（心境不平静）Physical work又如何能改变这种情况？为什么它能起therapy的作用？读者得不到明确的答案。因此，要达到完整就必须尽可能地简明。例如： It is not always true that a good picture is worth a thousand words. Often writing is much clearer than a picture. It is sometimes difficult to figure out what a picture means, but a careful writer can almost always explain it. 段首句所表达的主题思想是一种看法，必须有具体事例加以验证。上述两个推展句只是在文字上对主题作些解释，整个段落内容空洞，简而不明。如果用一两个具体的例子的话，就可以把主题解释清楚了。比如下段： It is not always true that a picture is worth a thousand words. Sometimes, pictures are pretty useless things. If you can't swim and fall in the river and start gulping water, will you be better off to hold up a picture of yourself drowning, or start screaming "Help"?3、连贯性（coherence）连贯性包括意连和形连两个方面，前者指的是内在的逻辑性，后者指的是使用转换词语。当然这两者常常是不可分割的。只有形连而没有意连，句子之间就没有内在的有机的联系；反之，只有意连而没有形连，有时行文就不够流畅。 1）、意连段落中句子的排列应遵循一定的次序，不能想到什么就写什么。如果在下笔之前没有构思，边写边想，写写停停，那就写不出一气呵成的好文章来。下面介绍几种常见的排列方式。 A．按时间先后排列（chronological arrangement）We had a number of close calls that day. When we rose, it was obviously late and we had to hurry so as not to miss breakfast; we knew the dining room staff was strict about closing at nine o'clock. Then, when we had been driving in the desert for nearly two hours —— it must have been close to noon —— the heat nearly hid us in; the radiator boiled over and we had to use most of our drinking water to cool it down. By the time we reached the mountain, it was our o'clock and we were exhausted. Here, judgement ran out of us and we started the tough climb to the summit, not realizing that darkness came suddenly in the desert. Sure enough, by six we were struggling and Andrew very nearly went down a steep cliff, dragging Mohammed and me along with him. By nine, when the wind howled across the flat ledge of the summit, we knew as we shivered together for warmth that it had not been our lucky day. 本段从“rose”（起床）写起，然后是吃早餐（“not to miss breakfast”, “closing at nine o'clock”），然后是“close to noon”，一直写到这一天结束（“By nine——”）。 B. 按位置远近排列（spatial arrangement）。例如：From a distance, it looked like a skinny tube, but as we got closer, we could see it flesh out before our eyes. It was tubular, all right, but fatter than we could see from far away. Furthermore, we were also astonished to notice that the building was really in two parts: a pagoda sitting on top of a tubular one-story structure. Standing ten feet away, we could marvel at how much of the pagoda was made up of glass windows. Almost everything under the wonderful Chinese roof was made of glass, unlike the tube that it was sitting on, which only had four. Inside, the tube was gloomy, because of the lack of light. Then a steep, narrow staircase took us up inside the pagoda and the light changed dramatically. All those windows let in a flood of sunshine and we could see out for miles across the flat land. 本段的写法是由远及近，从远处（“from a distance”）写起，然后“get closer”，再到（“ten feet away”），最后是“inside the pagoda”……当然，按位置远近来写不等于都是由远及近。根据需要，也可以由近及远，由表及里等等。 C. 按逻辑关系排列（logical arrangement）a. 按重要性顺序排列（arrangement in order of importance）这一段谈的是表达能力，它的重要性与职业，身份有关，从“not need much skill”或“of little importance”到“more important”，最后是“most important”。 b.由一般到特殊排列（general-to-specific arrangement）If a reader is lost, it is generally because the writer has not been careful enough to keep him on the path. This carelessness can take any number of forms. Perhaps a sentence is so excessively cluttered that the reader, hacking his way through the verbiage, simply doesn't know what it means. Perhaps a sentence has been so shoddily constructed that the reader could read it in any of several ways. Perhaps the writer has switched tenses, or has switched pronouns in mid-sentence, so the reader loses track of when the action took place or who is talking. Perhaps sentence B is not logical sequel to sentence A —— the writer, in whose head the connection is clear, has not bothered to provide the missing link. Perhaps the writer has used an important word incorrectly by not taking the trouble to look it up. He may think that "sanguine" and "sanguinary" mean the same thing, but the difference is a bloody big one. The reader can only infer what the writer is trying to imply. 这一段谈的是a writer's carelessness，先给出一个general statement作为主题句，然后通过5个 "perhaps"加以例证。 c. 由特殊到一般排列（specific-to-general arrangement）I do not understand why people confuse my Siamese cat, Prissy, with the one I had several years ago, Henry. The two cats are only alike in breed. Prissy, a quiet, feminine feline, loves me dearly but not possessively. She likes to keep her distance from people, exert her independence and is never so rude as to beg, lick, or sniff unceremoniously. Her usual posture is sitting upright, eyes closed, perfectly still. Prissy is a very proper cat. Henry, on the other hand, loved me dearly but possessively. He was my shadow from morning till night. He expected me to constantly entertain him. Henry never cared who saw him do anything, whether it was decorous or not, and he usually offended my friends in some way. The cat made himself quite comfortable, on the top of the television, across stranger's feet or laps, in beds, drawers, sacks, closets, or nooks. The difference between them is imperceptible to strangers. 本段的主题句是段首句，它仅提出一个问题：为什么两只猫会被搞混。然后对两者进行比较，末句才下结论。 2）、形连行文的逻辑性常常要靠适当的转换词语及其他手段来实现。请读下面这一段文字并找出文中用以承上启下的词语： Walter's goal in life was to become a successful surgeon. First, though, he had to get through high school, so he concentrated all his efforts on his studies —— in particular, biology, chemistry, and math. Because he worked constantly on these subjects, Walter became proficient in them; however, Walter forgot that he needed to master other subjects besides those he had chosen. As a result, during his junior year of high school, Walter failed both English and Latin. Consequently, he had to repeat these subjects and he was almost unable to graduate on schedule. Finally, on June 6, Walter achieved the first step toward realizing his goal. 本文中起承上启下的词语有两种，一种是转换词语（transitional words or phrases），另一种是起转换作用的其他连接手段（linking devices）。前者依次有：first, though, so, in particular, and, because, however, besides, as a result, both…and, consequently, and, finally.后者依次是：he, he, his, his, he, these, them, he, those, his, he, these, his. 本段中共有词汇105个，所使用的转换词语及其他连接用语共26个词，约占该段总词汇量的四分之一。由此可见，掌握好transitions不仅对行文的流（smoothness）有益，而且对于学生在半个小时内写120个词也是不无好处的。 一个段落里如果没有transitions也就很难有coherence了.我们看下面一个例子： Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds. Writing uses written symbols. Speech developed about 500 000 en211ago. Written language is arecent development. It was invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal. The word choice of writing is often relatively formal. Pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from. Pronunciation and accent are ignored in writing. A standard diction and spelling system prevails in the written language of most countries. Speech relies on gesture, loudness, and rise and fall of the voice. Writing lacks gesture, loudness and the rise and fall of the voice. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences. 本段中除了第6句开头出现一个起过渡作用的"it"之外，没有使用其他的过渡词语.这样，文中出现许多重复的词语，全段读起来也显得生硬而不自然。如果加上必要的过渡词语来修饰的话，这一段就成了下面一个流畅连贯的段落： Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds; writing, on the other hand, uses written symbols. Speech was developed about 500 000 years ago, but written language is a recent development, invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal, while the word choice of writing, by contrast, is often relatively formal. Although pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from, they are ignored in wiring because a standard diction and spelling system prevails in most countries. Speech relies on gesture, loudness, and the rise and fall of the voice, but writing lacks these features. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences．4、有损连贯性的几种情况：考生在写作中经常出现下面几种错误： 1、不必要的改变时态，比如：In the movie, Robert Redford was a spy. He goes to his office where he found everybody dead. Other spies wanted to kill him, so he takes refuge with Julie Christie. At her house, he had waited for the heat to die down, but they come after him anyway. 2、不必要的改变单复数，比如：Everybody looks for satisfaction in his life. They want to be happy. But if he seeks only pleasure in the short run, the person will soon run out of pleasure and life will catch up to him. They need to pursue the deeper pleasure of satisfaction in work and in relationships. 3、不必要的改变人称，比如：Now more than ever, parents need to be in touch with their children's activities because modern life has the tendency to cause cleavages in the family. You need to arrange family like it so that family members will do things together and know one another. You need to give up isolated pleasures of your own and realize that parents have a set of obligations to sponsor togetherness and therefore sponsor knowledge. 因此写作中，一定要注意时态，人称以及数的变化是否正确，要注意保持一致。英语作文 - 英语作文的书写格式英文的书写和移行英文书写应符合书写规范，英文字母要写清楚、写整齐、写美观，字母的大小和字母之间的距离要匀称。书写应做到字形秀丽漂亮，通篇匀称和谐。 写英文字母要掌握正确笔顺。如小写字母i ，应该先写下面的部分，然后再打点。有的学生却按写汉字的习惯从上到下写，写快了，就会把点和下面的竖笔连在一起，显得十分别扭。字形t应为两笔。不少人却将两笔合成一笔，看上去不像t，倒像l或是e，难以辨认。另外，把r写成v，把q写成把g，把k写成h等等，都是中学生书写中常见的毛病。 不少人在四线三格的练习纸上书写尚有规矩，能按字母的占格、高低和大小要求书写，但在白纸或横线纸上书写，却显得十分幼稚拙劣。字母或跳上跳下，或一律写成同一高度，占上中两格的字母与占中下两格的字母完全没有高低之别。这些现象都要防止。 另外，书写时还要注意词与词之间要保持一定的距离，不能紧靠在一起。字母之间的连写也应该按照习惯，不能随意乱来。 在一篇字数有限的作文里，我们还要注意尽量不把一个单词拆开移行。万一要移行，则必须以音节为单位进行，如revolution这个词，依照音节移行的原则可以按re-，revo-, revolu-这几种方法移行。在移行时，我们还应特别注意以下几点: 1. 单音节词不能移行，即使是字母较多的单音节词，如through等也不能例外。 2．缩略词如Mr.、Dr.等不能和后面的名字拆开移行。 缩略的专用名词如U.K.(the United Kingdom)、U.S.A(United States of America)等也不能拆开移行。 3．时间、量度及货币单位应视为一个整体；不能分开移行。 如: 11：00 P.M. 应写在一行内，不能将11：00和PM.分开移行；写38℃时，不能将38和℃分开移行。 4．由“年、月、日”表示的日期。如果必须分开移行只能将“月、日”与“年”分开。如January 6，1980不能将January和6分开移行，但可以把January 6，和1980分成两行。 5．含双写辅音字母的单词，在移行时要将辅音字母拆开。如better可拆成better，necessary可拆成necessary。 但如果双写辅音字母属于词根，后面又加了后缀，就不能将两个辅音字母拆开。如drill加上-ing后构成了drilling，就不可以将它拆成dril-ling，而只能拆为drilling。 例文：1.宠物： 2.人物： 此外，写日记时不一定全用过去时，在表达思想的时候最好用一般现在时。 3,情感作文格式1．四边的距离 在书写时，上下左右要留有一定的空白距离。 2. 题目的写法 题目应写在第一行的中间，题目左右两边的空白距离大致相等。 题目的第一个单词的第一个字母必须大写。从第二个单词起，其中每个实义词的第一个字母大写，而冠词、介词和连词的第一个字母则一般小写。如： A Day to Remember Let's Go in for Sports 写题目不要用括号或引号。题目后除了问号和感叹号之外，不加其它标点符号。 3．文章本体 文章第一段的第一行应与题目隔一行或两行。每段的开头一般应该缩格，即向右缩进约四个字母的间隔；单词与单词之间须留一个字母的间隔，句与句之间须留两个字母的间隔。假若每行的最后一个单词写不下，最好不要轻易拆字移行，可将该单词移到后一行去书写。书写时，不要因为一行末尾还有一点空间就把一个词的前半截硬塞在那里，造成非移行不可的局面。实际上，移行过多是书写、打字或排印质量不高的表现。不必过分地去追求右边的整齐，宁可多空一些，每行长短错落，要比移行过多看上去舒服。另需注意，在英语写作时每句结束语后不能使用“。”而要用“.”如若是英语考试，则每一次这样失误会扣掉1分。英语作文 - 英语作文写作技巧英语考试作文试题的一个最大的特点就是时限性，即在有限的时间内（一般分配30分钟）按试题要求完成作文试题。有很多参试者最后交卷时作文题要么没有完成要么质量比较差，这其中当然有很多原因，但不可忽视的一点原因便是写作文时间不够来不及完成作文或来不及仔细思考写一篇合乎题目要求的文章。通过本次培训课程，各位可以学会一些减省写作时间的良方佳策。 英语作文试题一般要求字数在120字左右，段落一般为三段，因而有“三段论”一说。所谓“三段论”即全文分为三个自然段，一般结构为“首段摆事实（现象）、提观点（论点或问题），在这一部分参试者最好将题目要求中的第一个要点（一般为提出问题或观点）作为首段的内容之一；第二段剖析现象、分析论点，这也是全文的主体部分。在这一部分参试者需要将试题要求中的所有要点的内容都加以阐述和扩展，同时注意不要信马由缰的写一些与文章主题无关的内容以免被当作跑题处理；第三段为结论段，这一段的主要任务是为全文做一个结论性的终结，让文章显得完整和连贯。至于开头和结尾有无固定的套路可循，我们后面的讲解中将会接触到。英语作文 - 英语作文考试时注意的问题审题最重要1．认真审题立意 定文章之灵魂对命题作文必须认真审题，对自由作文必须立好意。文章要有明确的主题，必须具备4个条件：准确、鲜明、深刻、集中。2．草拟提纲打造文章之骨架审好题，立好意后，就要写提纲，打造文章的骨架。文章布局要做好3件事：安排好层次段落，铺设好过渡，处理好开头和结尾。如命题作文中有提示句，还要从提示句的关键词出发，围绕关键词开拓思路，发挥联想，记录下联想到的东西，可以是句子或单词词组，可以是英语或汉语。3．写出段落主题句理文章之脉络一篇短文的段落一般分为引导段、主题段和结尾段。每段的主题句非常重要，是作者思维的起点，切题的准绳，阐述的对象。看到段落主题句，读者大致了解段落要阐述的内容。段落主题句通常是一个语法结构完整、内容概括、用词简洁明了的单句。通常将段落主题句置于段落的开头，可使文章结构更清晰，有说服力。4．参照提纲紧扣主题句，完成各段落，充文章之血肉有了段落主题句后，还需要顺着段落主题句的方向，参照提纲中的思路，从而完成各个段落。引导段要能引起读者的注意和兴趣，为主题段铺路架桥。主题段应围绕文章和该段的主题来展开。展开的方式包括：顺序法、举例法、比较法、对比法、说明法、因果法、推导法、归纳法，和下定义等。可以根据需要任选一种或几种方式。5.注意进行这一步骤还需注意四方面问题： 1）确保提纲中段落结构的思路与各段主题句的一致性。只有这样，才能保证所写段落不偏题，不跑题。2）要综合考虑各个段落的内容安排，避免段落内容的交叉。 3）用好连接词，注意段落间、句子间的连贯性。要做到所写文章层次分明，思路清晰，文字连贯，就需要在句与句之间，段与段之间架起一座座桥梁，而连接词起的正是桥梁作用。 增加文采小窍门: 如果说第一、二步是对文章的构思，第三、四步骤则是真正地“写”了，用词是否贴切，文法是否正确，句式是否多变，文采是否有生气，关系到写作者的语言功底和水平，但也有些窍门是需要长时间累积的。 4）平时多注重积累一些高级词汇也是很重要的
英语中连贯与衔接的区别，这个就是根据你的口语，还有你的发音，连贯的中间，有的单词可能会是省略。
连贯性的英文
题目：A Happy Day in Spring 提示：下图是Mr. Black 一家人在春天的某一天在野外游玩的场景。请用一般现在时描写图中所呈现出的内容。可作适当的想象和发挥。 要求：1、条理清晰，意思明确、连贯，句子通顺，标点正确，书写工整、规范。 2、不少于70个单词。 A Happy Day in Spring It’s spring. It’s sunny and cloudy today. There are many big trees in the park. Mr. Black’s family have a picnic in a park. They bring many food there. They bring fruit, drink and bread. Mr. Black and Mrs. Black talk with each other. They talk very happily. Ann reads a magazine. Tom likes flying a kite. The kite flies very well. They are hungry now. They want to eat their food. They are very happy.
翻译目的论的三原则为：目的原则、连贯性原则和忠实性原则。
1、目的原则(skopos rule)
目的论认为，所有翻译活动遵循的首要原则是“目的原则”，即翻译应能在译入语情境和文化中，按译入语接受者期待的方式发生作用。翻译行为所要达到的目的决定整个翻译行为的过程，即结果决定方法。
2、连贯性原则
连贯性(coherence rule)指译文必须符合语内连贯(intra—textual coherence)的标准，即译文具有可读性和可接受性，能够使接受者理解并在译入语文化及使用译文的交际语境中有意义。
3、忠实性原则
忠实性原则(fidelity rule)指原文与译文之间应该存在语际连贯一致(inter—textual coherence)。这相当于其他翻译理论所谓的忠实于原文，但与原文忠实的程度和形式取决于译文的目的和译者对原文的理解。
扩展资料：
一、具体内容
Skopos这一术语通常用来指译文的目的，Skopos一词来源于希腊语目的“Skopos”。除了Skopos，弗米尔还使用了相关的“目标(aim)”、“目的(purpose)”、“意图(intention)”和“功能(function)”等词。
为了避免概念混淆，诺德提议对意图和功能作基本的区分：“意图”是从发送者的角度定义的，而“功能”指文本功能，它是由接受者的期望、需求、已知知识和环境条件共同决定的。
在弗米尔的目的论框架中，决定翻译目的的最重要因素之一是受众——译文所意指的接受者，他们有自己的文化背景知识、对译文的期待以及交际需求。
每一种翻译都指向一定的受众，因此翻译是在“目的语情景中为某种目的及目标受众而生产的语篇”。弗米尔认为原文只是为目标受众提供部分或全部信息的源泉。可见原文在目的论中的地位明显低于其在对等论中的地位。
二、评价标准
至于翻译的标准，目的论用充分性(adequacy)而非等值(equivalence)作为评价译文的标准。在目的论理论框架下，充分性指译文要符合翻译目的的要求，“在翻译过程中以目标为基础选择实现翻译目的的符号”。这是一个与翻译行为相关的动态概念。
等值指译语文本与源语文本出于不同的文化语境但实现了相似的交际功能。等值只是充分性的一种表现形式，是描述翻译结果的一个静态概念。
从上述分析中我们了解到，连贯性原则和忠实性原则并不是普遍适用的，在翻译过程中我们应以目的原则和忠诚原则为指导，用合适作为评价译文的标准。
参考资料来源：百度百科-翻译目的论
嘿嘿，我们老师的经典原则，用起来很好用，就是用简单的句子写简单的话，但是高考一定得高分。因为阅卷老师在短时间改大量的文章，肯定无暇去欣赏你的优美文风，最多就是挑错，如果没有错，当然就是高分了（他每年都要去改高考作文哈。） 至于具体的东西，你可以背个两三篇范文（信啊，事啊），这样写的时候就有一个良好的格式，而且开头几句大都雷同，你只要改一点就可以了。呵呵，剩下的，就是想怎么简单怎么写了。先把简单句想好，再写，卷面一好，成绩也大大提高。 我高考英文作文大概23哈，还算不错，差不多就是怎么简单怎么写了。希望你加油哈。
翻译目的论的三原则为：目的原则、连贯性原则和忠实性原则。
1、目的原则(skopos rule)
目的论认为，所有翻译活动遵循的首要原则是“目的原则”，即翻译应能在译入语情境和文化中，按译入语接受者期待的方式发生作用。翻译行为所要达到的目的决定整个翻译行为的过程，即结果决定方法。
2、连贯性原则
连贯性(coherence rule)指译文必须符合语内连贯(intra—textual coherence)的标准，即译文具有可读性和可接受性，能够使接受者理解并在译入语文化及使用译文的交际语境中有意义。
3、忠实性原则
忠实性原则(fidelity rule)指原文与译文之间应该存在语际连贯一致(inter—textual coherence)。这相当于其他翻译理论所谓的忠实于原文，但与原文忠实的程度和形式取决于译文的目的和译者对原文的理解。
发展阶段
第一阶段:凯瑟琳娜·莱斯首次把功能范畴引入翻译批评，将语言功能，语篇类型和翻译策略相联系，发展了以源文与译文功能关系为基础的翻译批评模式，从而提出了功能派理论思想的雏形。
莱斯认为理想的翻译应该是综合性交际翻译，即在概念性内容，语言形式和交际功能方面都与原文对等，但在实践中应该优先考虑的是译本的功能特征。
第二阶段:汉斯·弗米尔(Vermeer)提出了目的论，将翻译研究从原文中心论的束缚中摆脱出来。该理论认为翻译是以原文为基础的有目的和有结果的行为，这一行为必须经过协商来完成，翻译必须遵循一系列法则，其中目的法则居于首位。也就是说,译文取决于翻译的目的。
费米尔认为，翻译中的最高法则应该是“目的法则”。也就是说，翻译的目的不同，翻译时所采取的策略、方法也不同。
换言之，翻译的目的决定了翻译的策略和方法。对于中西翻译史上的归化、异化之争，乃至近二三十年译界广泛讨论的形式对等与动态对等，“目的论”都做出了很好的解释。翻译中到底是采取归化还是异化，都取决于翻译的目的。
参考资料来源：百度百科-翻译目的论
有连贯性的英语
连续的英语 continuous。
continuous
读音：英 [kənˈtɪnjuəs] ；美 [kənˈtɪnjuəs]
adj. 连续的，持续的；继续的；连绵不断的
短语
Continuous spectrum [光] 连续谱 ; 连续频谱 ; 持续光谱
Continuous Integration 持续集成 ; 持续整合 ; 连续累计
continuous tone [摄] 连续调 ; 连续色调 ; 连续调原稿 ; 连续音
continuous kiln [炉窑] 连续窑 ; 连绩窑 ; 持续窑 ; 无拱连续窑
continuous flow 持续气流 ; [流] 连续流 ; 连续怜
continuous phase [物] 连续相 ; 持续相
扩展资料：
同根词
词根： continue
adj.
continued 继续的；持久的
continuing 继续的；持续的；连续的
continuant 连续音的
continuative 继续的
adv.
continuously 连续不断地
continually 不断地；频繁地
n.
continuity 连续性；一连串；分镜头剧本
continuum [数] 连续统；[经] 连续统一体；闭联集
continuation 继续；续集；延长；附加部分；扩建物
continuance 持续；停留；续篇；诉讼延期
continuant 连续音
例句：
Continuous bombing spearheaded the way to occupying the city.
持续不停的轰炸为攻克该城铺平了道路。
continuity
continuousadj. 连续的, 继续的, 连绵不断的 The atmosphere is a continuous layer of gases. 大气圈是连续的气体层。
continuous
一致性英语
应该是has 和 does，因为前面的意思是另一个人怎么怎么样，应该用单数
回答和翻译如下:How to translate the consistency principle and the consistency principle in English?一致性原则 the consistency principle
规律1，冠词，2，介词， 3，动词的时态和语态，4形容词和副词的混用5，连词所表示句子之间关系的正确与否，6，人称的偷换，7 名词的单复数, 8，型近词的误导9，主谓一致，10，三大从句中的关联词
要想从根本上提高做综合改错题的能力，考生就要打好扎实的英语基础，有丰富的词汇用法、固定搭配及句式结构知识等。同时，在平日英语学习的过程中，要多多阅读，培养英语的语感，提高语篇理解能力，增强自己辨错、纠错的能力。下面是我精心整理的英语改错的技巧，欢迎大家分享。
短文改错解题思路和检查原则：
1.句中各部分的结构是否完整，特别是每个句子要有动词;
2. 谓语动词的时态、语态;
3.非谓语动词的用法;
4.名词的单、复数，格的使用是否正确;
5.定冠词和不定冠词是否正确;
6.代词的格和性的使用是否有误;
7.定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误;
8.并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。短文改错解题四原则：改动以最少为原则; 虚词以添加或删除为原则; 实词以改变词形为原则以保持句子原意为原则。短文改错解题步骤：通读全文，掌握大意; 整句分析，逐行推敲
反复通读，复查验证。解题注意要点和能力培养：
1.核对错项时，若的确有一时难以改出的地方，可以参考所改动项是否基本符合“1：1：8”的比例。即多一词1个，缺词1个，错词8个。
2.核对改正的语法项目是否有重复。因为短文改错往往覆盖面广，一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象。
3.核对答题符号是否规范，位置是否准确，看看有无遗漏符号，忽略字母大小写和拼写等问题。
短文改错常见错误类型：
1.谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点，常见动词错误类型有
①一般现在时与一般过去时错用;
②and前后动词时态不一致;
③主谓不一致;
④缺少动词,特别是be动词;
⑤第三人称单数形式错用;
⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。
Theydid not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote allmy time to my studies.(did改为do，错误类型属于①) As weclimbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and toldstories. (visiting 改为visited, 错误类型属于②) Therewill an important game next month. (will后加be,错误类型属于④) Oneevening she told me that something happened when her parents wasout. ( was 改为were，错误类型属于③)
2. 名词的常见错误：单复数名词错用，可数名词与不可数名词错用。I’ll get good marks in all mysubject.(subject改为subjects) Theirword were a great encouragement to me.(word改为words) Withoutenough knowledges, you can never teach well.(knowledges改为knowledge)
3. 连词错误 连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/ or/but等。关于连词，一般考查从句关系who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。 I havea good friend who’s name is Liu Mei. (错用了who的所有格形式，改为whose) I teachthem, play with them, but watch them growing up.(此处应该是并列的关系而非转折，but改为and) Cleveras she is, but she works very hard.(as意为“尽管”，不能再跟but连用，所以去掉but)
4. 冠词错误：误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定);误用a/an和the(固定搭配，或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词) We maybe one family and live under a same roof. (a 改为the，thesame 是固定搭配) Aseveryone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds ofpants. (mountain是可数名词需用冠词，所以其前加a) I hopeyou have pleasant journey.(journey是可数名词，故have后加a)
5. 形容词和副词错误：系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel);词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词)。I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully timetogether. (time是名词所以要用形容词wonderful修饰) Mypronunciation was terribly.(was后用形容词，terribly改为terrible.)
6. 代词错误：代词的主格和宾格(I / me;he/him; she/ her; we/ us they/ them )错误;反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用错误;代词的单数和复数使用错误;代词指代错误;多代词或少代词。 Soon Ibegan to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning toexpress me in simple English. (me 改为myself) One dayI wrote a little story and showed to my teacher.(to前加it) If anyone of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other wouldhelp him out. (other后加s) What’smore, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care ofhim. (him改为them)
7. 非谓语动词的常见错误：不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时;and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致(尤其距离较远时);介词后用动名词形式作宾语;某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。 Soon Ibegan to enjoy talk to myself on paper. (enjoy 后需接动名词，talk改为talking) But hisparents think go to college is more important than playing sports.(go作主语,应改为going) Children may not develop the habit of read and the abilityto enjoy themselves. (介词后用动名词形式作宾语，read改为reading) Iparticularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you andsaw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. (and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致，故saw改为seeing)
8. 介词错误：词组中的介词误用;介词意思理解偏差;介词的多用或少用 Thereare too many people among my family. (among改为in，in myfamily 为固定搭配) I wasso tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched thepillow. (去掉at, themoment 引导从句)
英语改错的技巧
一、解题方法
三步法解题:
(1)通读全文，了解全文大意和主题;
(2)找错并改正;
(3)通读全文，核对检验。
在短文改错过程中，还须遵循以下步骤:
(1)在理解句子的基础上，先从动词、句法的角度判断有无这方面的错误以及错误的位置;
(2)确定无句法错误后，再考虑用法、搭配和近形近义方面的错误;
(3)在排除了上述两种可能后，应着重从语篇角度寻找有无上下文语义方面的错误(注意连接性词语和那些可能有反义词的词);
(4)注意标有题号的各行与上行或下行相临处的错误;
(5)若经过以上步骤还无法判断错误所在，则应暂时放弃该行，而继续往下做，待做完全文，对全文有更深入、更完整的理解的基础上进行检验时再作判断。宜从介词及一些简单而易被忽视的语法角度的“细微处”多加考虑。
二、 错误有多词、少词和错词三种, 具体答题方法如下：
改正将文中错词用斜线(/)划去，在后面横线上填入正确的词，表示替换该错词。
删去在文中将错词用斜线(/)划去，在后面横线上也划一斜线(/)，表示该错词是多余的。
增添在文中两词间加“∧”号，表示有遗漏，然后在横线上添入遗漏的词的正确形式。
三、 命题内容
1. 词汇用法
词汇错误不同于篇章理解错误，它一般不需要根据整篇文章的主要内容和上下文的逻辑关系来进行分析和思考。词汇错误常常局限在句子水平上，也就是说，只看某一行或某一个句子就可以把这类错误挑出来并对它们加以改正。考生只有平时打下扎实的词汇基础，准确把握单词的词性及词义，才能将词语错误辨别出来。词汇错误主要包括词性错误、易混词误用和固定搭配错误。
(1) 用词不当
英语中有很多同义词、反义词、易混词，如assure/ensure, rise/arise/raise, effect/affect等。从历年六级改错题看，对这些词的误用构成六级改错的一个重要的错误类型。
(2) 介词误用
介词使句中某些词与其他词发生一定的关系，其在英语中占很重要的地位，故成为又一重要考点。
2. 语法知识
改错中的语法错误主要是结构方面出现的一些基本语法错误，主要包括不一致、时态、语态错误，现在分词和过去分词的误用，连词误用, 代词误用, 形容词和副词的比较级、最高级误用，虚拟语气误用和平行结构错误等。
(1) 一致性方面的错误
一致性(Agreement或Concord)在英语中属于一种很基础、很常见的语法现象。一致性指主谓一致、名词单复数与其修饰语的一致，代词与先行词的一致，还有时态一致、修辞手法一致等。六级考试改错题中常见的一致性方面的错误有以下几类：
1) 主谓一致。主谓不一致错误是CET 6综合改错内容之一，主要表现为主语名词与谓语动词间隔较长，首尾不能相接，造成视觉上的混淆。
2) 名词单复数。有时名词可以不用复数，但是在特定的句子中由于前面有明确的量词修饰，如 several, a number of, a variety of等等，就要变成复数形式。
3) 代词与先行词一致。代词的主要功能是指代已出现的名词、词组或一个意群，因此代词的出现必须有所指，而且形、数等与前面所代的部分相符,这是代词改错的核心。人称代词、物主代词及指示代词的误用，会导致指示不清、逻辑混乱，甚至前后矛盾。
这一般考查的是代词的指代，在文章当中如果说出现了代词，那么代词所指代的`对象在前文中一定是出现过的，否则就会出现指代不清，所以出现代词时候，我们要注意它所指代的对象的单复数是否与代词一致。细心推敲和全局观念是破解此类错误的杀手锏。
(2) 非谓语动词错用
非谓语动词包括不定式、分词。六级改错中主要出现非谓语动词与主要谓语动词之间的混淆。
(3) 形容词、副词(包括比较级和最高级)误用
形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级是改错考题中必考的项目之一。常见错误类型有：
One of +最高级+名词复数，as +原级+as
3. 篇章理解
(1)上下文语义矛盾
通过对近年六级改错部分的分析，发现出现错误率的频率最高的就是上下文语义矛盾这一项，上下文语义矛盾，也就是说，根据上文的内容，紧接下来的部分应该是肯定意义，结果原文却用了否定;反之，根据上下文的连贯关系，下文本该用否定却用了肯定,这是语意的颠倒，造成上下文逻辑推理上的自相矛盾。做题前如先阅读全文，领会上下文承接关系与语意关系将裨益无穷。
(2) 缺漏和多余
缺漏某些不可少或加了某些不必要的词都会使句意不通顺。一般来说，缺漏和多余的词多为介词、代词、冠词或连词。多余还可能出现相同意义的词语叠加在一起或出现两个主语现象。
(3) 逻辑关系混乱
要想把这类错误纠正出来，需要考生对文章有总体的理解，头脑中有个大的框架。一般改错中的连接词错误都会使句子的逻辑关系发生改变，或造成句子的语义逻辑混乱。六级综合改错中对逻辑关系的考查主要集中在因果、转折、条件、让步等关系上，其中以因果和转折连接词最为常见。
(4) 时态、语态错误
一篇结构完整的短文中，时态的使用应该是连贯一致的，但六级改错中常出现主句和从句时态可能不一致的情形。另外，改错题中最常见的语态错误是被动语态被误用为主动语态。新题型七选五题型解题技巧：
题型解读：试题模式为：给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述为“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”
新题型七选五其实跟传统题型完形填空有相似之处，完形填空空出的是词，而七选五空出的是句子，但是他们的考察方式都是一样的，只要考生选择的答案能够使行文连贯，符合英文的语法以及习惯表达就行，因此，这两类题型在做题方法上有共通之处。另外，从该题型给出的选项中我们可以发现一些特点：该题型选项大致可分为主旨概括句(文章整体内容)、过渡性句子(文章结构)和注释性句子(上下文逻辑意义)三类。另外两个多余的干扰项也可以通过这三个特点来排除，例如主旨概括句要么过于宽泛要么以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。根据这些，我们总结一些关于七选五的做题方法供大家参考。
1、先看选项。
跟完形填空不一样，七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其他选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。
2、再看空前空后。
由于七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。
3、注意代词或定冠词。
在做这类题目的时候，一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词，因为我们知道，代词是指代一个名词或者一个句子的，然后通过代词在句子中所做的成分我们可以推断出它指代的句子的类型，我们要做的就是从选项中找这类句型就可以了。
4、注意一些特殊疑问词。
如果选项中或空前出现特殊疑问词，一定要把这句话仔细读几遍，因为对于不同特殊疑问词的回答方式是不一样的，比如对why的回答，后面要有because等表原因的词，对when的回答，后面要有表时间的状语，对where的回答，后面要有表地点的名词，对how的回答，后面要有方式状语等。
5、注意一些连词。
如一些表示转折的连词，but，However，yet，though，nevertheless等，另外还有一些表示并列关系的连词如and，also，aswellas，neithernor，eitheror，notonly...butalso，ononehand....ontheotherhand等。因为这些连词可以表现句子与句子之间的关系，通过不同的连词我们可以推知句子与句子之间不同的关系。
