摘要：
英语句子成分划分详解初中英语 句子 是英语对话和 文章 的基础。下面是我带来的初中英语句子成分分析，欢迎阅读! 初中英语句子成分分析精选 句子是由各种... 英语句子成分划分详解初中
英语 句子 是英语对话和 文章 的基础。下面是我带来的初中英语句子成分分析，欢迎阅读! 初中英语句子成分分析精选 句子是由各种词类按照一定的语法规则组成的，可以表达完整的概念。句子开头第一个字母一定要大写，结尾要注明标点符号。 一、句子的成分 组成句子的各个部分叫作句子的成分。句子的成分有主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。其中主语和谓语是句子的主体，表语、宾语和宾语 补足语是谓语的组成部分，其他成分如定语和状语是句子的次要部分。 1 主语 表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”，通常用名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、 短语 或从句担任。主语要放在句首。 To say is one thing, and to do is another. 说是一回事，做是另一回事。(不定式作主语) What you said hurt me badly. 你所说的话深深地刺伤了我。(从句作主语) 2 谓语 起着说明主语的动作、特征或状态的作用，必须用动词表示。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面要一致，通常在主语之后。谓语通常有三个表现形式： (1)动词或动词短语作谓语 He studies hard. 他学习很努力。 The performance has already begun.演出已经开始。 (2)谓语动词和宾语及宾语补语作谓语 They are picking apples. 他们正在摘苹果。 He made us laugh heavily.他使我们大笑不止。 (3)连系动词和表语作谓语 Her mother is an inspector. 她的母亲是一位检查官。 It is getting dark. 天色渐渐地黑了下来。 He is feeling well. 他现在感觉身体很好。 句子成分巧划分 ：主在前，谓在中，宾语、状语后面冲。短语定语主宾后，形、代定语主宾前。间宾直宾紧相依，直、间之间to、for连，宾补位于宾语后，地状常在时状前。 3 表语 用于说明主语的性质、特征、身份或状态，可以由名词、形容词、副词、介词和不定式 以及相当于名词或形容词的词或短语来担任，表语要放在连系动词之后。 Her job is to wash all the sheets and the clothes. 她的工作是洗这些床单和衣服。(不定式作表语) Teaching is learning. 教学相长。(动名词作表语) 4 宾语 是及物动词所示动作的对象或介词的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、 短语及从句都可以担任作宾语。宾语要放在谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。 Do you enjoy living here? 你愿意住在这里吗? (动名词作宾语) I want only one. 我只要一个。(数词作宾语) I don't think you are right. 我认为你不对。(从句作宾语) 注意：①某些及物动词之后要求有双宾语(即直接宾语和间接宾语)， 直接宾语指物，间接宾语指人。这一类动词有：bring, give, pass, tell, hand, show, s end, read, leave, teach, find, buy, make, do, get, order, play, sing, pay等。 She showed me a few magazines. 她拿出了一些杂志给我看。 I promised her a wonderful present on her birthday .我答应在她生日那天给她一件奇妙的礼物。 ②在需要的情况下，间接宾语也可以位于直接宾语之后，但此时间接宾语之前需要加介词。 She made me a sweater. (She made a sweater for me.) 她给我织了一件毛衣。 He left her three children. (He left three children to her) 他给她留下三个孩子。 ③有些及物动词的后面，其宾语还需要有一个补足语，才能表达完整的意思。这样的宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语。名词、形容词、不定式或介词短语都可以作宾语补足语。 The couple named the baby Mary.(名词作宾 补) 这对夫妻给孩子取名叫玛丽。 He made her unhappy. 他使她很不高兴。(形容词作宾补) “Let me out!” The boy cried. “让我出去!”那男孩喊道。(副词作宾补) She saw a man in front of the gate. 她看见门外有一个男人。(介词短语作宾补) She often helps me do the housework. 她经常帮助我做家务。(不定式作宾补) I kept you waiting for half an hour. 我让你等了半个小时。(动名词作宾补) 5 状语 状语用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方 式、程度等。状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短 语来担当。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。 She drove fast.(副词作状语) 她把车开得飞快。 There is a shelter under the post office. 在邮局的地底下，有一个掩蔽所。(介词短语作状语) To liberate our country, they devoted their lives. 为了解放祖国，他们献出了生命。(不定式短语作状语) Seeing his old mother, the man went towards her and threw himself on his knees. 那人一看见年迈的母亲就跑上前去跪倒在她面前。(分词短语作状语) It was blowing hard when she was on her way home yesterday. 昨天她回家的路上，风刮得正大。(从句作状语) 6 定语 定语用于修饰名词或代词。可以担任定语的有形容词、代词、名词、数词、名词所有格、副 词、不定式、分词和分词短语、介词短语及从句等等。定语的位置很灵活，凡有名词和代词 的地方都可以有定语。 The man outside the teacher's office is his father.办公室外面的那人是他的父亲。(介词短语作定语) I'll have a lot of clothes to wash this Saturday. 这个星期六我要洗好多衣服。(不定式作定语) Will you say something about your travelling experience? (动名词作定语) The woman who is singing on the stage is her aunt.(从句作定语)正在台上演唱的那女人是她姑姑。 二、句子的种类 (一)、简单句 简单句只包含一个主谓结构，并且各个结构都是由单词或短语组成，不包含任何从句。有五种基本句型。 1.主语+谓语(不及物动词) The new term begins. 新学期开始了。 2.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 The girl is learning to play the piano. 这个女孩在学弹钢琴。 3.主语+连系动词+表语 The rice got burned。 饭焖煳了。 4.主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语 He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一块表。 5. 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补语 We all believed you honest. 我们都认为你是诚实的。 二、并列句(简单句+连词+简单句) 并列句是由两个或多个简单句连接而成的。其中的各个简单句并列平行，同等重要，相互之 间没有从属关系，能够独立成句。它们之间要用连词连接。并列句可分为四种： 1.表示相同关系 用连词或逗号、分号连接构成并列句。常用连词有：and, not only...but also..., neither...nor... Susan not only runs fast, but also jumps high. 苏姗不但跑得快，而且跳得高。 I could neither swim nor skate. 我既不会 游泳 ，也不会滑冰。 2.表示转折关系 常用连词有：but, still, yet, while等。 It was late at night, but he went on doing his homework.夜已深了，但是他还在继续做作业。 She was busy cooking while they were watching TV.她忙着做饭，而他们却在看电视。 The film is not perfect, still, it's good.这部影片虽然不是无可挑剔，但还是好的。 3.表示选择关系 常用连词为：or, either...or...。 The teacher wanted to see either his father or mother.老师要见一下他的父亲或是母亲。 Either this road or that on e can lead you to that hospital.这条路或那条路都通往那家医院。 Hurry up,or you'll miss the train. 4.表示因果关系 常用连词有for和so。 We hurried to the railway station, for there was little time for the train to leave. 我们急忙赶往车站，因为火车很快就要开了。 The teacher asked Susan to go, so she went( did).老师让苏姗到她那去，因此她就去了。 三、复合句(主句+连词+从句) 包含一个主句，一个或一个以上的从句的句子叫复合句。从句从属于主句并充当主句的某一成分，如主语，表语，宾语，定语，状语等。中考主要考宾语、定语、状语从句。注意引导词、语序和时态。 初中英语句子成分分析练习 巩固练习 同义句转换 is only a chair in the room.(同义句转换) There is _________ _________a chair in the room.. 2. is busy. She is doing her housework now. is_________ _________ her housework now. teacher said，“Don’t cheat in exams，children!” The teacher told the children _________ _________ cheat in exams. was so tired that he couldn’t walk any further. 全品中考网 Nick was _____________________________ any further. can’t finish the project on time unless you support us. The project can’t be finished on time ______________________________. we watch the exciting ping-pong match together? ______________________________watch the exciting ping-pong match together? cousin usually walks to school every morning. (改为同义句) My cousin usually goes to school _________ _________ every morning. (对划线部分提问) __________ _________is your friend? 9. “Are you going to visit Zi Gong next Week?”Father asked me.(改为间接引语) Father asked me __________I________going to visit Zi Gong next week. (对划线部分提问) ___________ _________you use to stay on family holidays? spent ten years making this amazing film(保持句意基本不变) __________ _________James ten years to make this amazing film. has gone to South Africa to enjoy the 2010 World Cup. Karen has gone to South Africa to enjoy the 2010 World Cup, too. (合并为一句) _________Chris _________Karen have gone to South Africa to enjoy the 2010 World Cup. love this city because it has historical sights and delicious food.(改为简单句) Visitors love this city__________ _________its historical sights and delicious food. 14. (对划线部分提问) ___________________from Fukang to Unmnqi by bus? (对划线部分提问) _______________this new computer __________________? 16、不同句子结构的转换，主要指简单句、并列句和复合句间的转换 1)We found him a good pupil. We found _______ ______ _______ a good pupil. 2)The room is so small that my family can't live in it. The room isn't ______ _______ ____ my family ___ live in. The room is ______ small ________ my family _______ live in. 3)His grandfather died ten years ago. It ____ ten years ___ his grandfather ______ . 4)I'm not sure what I should do next. I'm not sure _____ ___ ____ next. 5)Hurry up, or you'll miss the train. ___ you ___ hurry up, you'll miss the train. 17、根据句意的转换 1) Yesterday everyone of us went to the farm except Lucy. ________ Lucy _______ go to the farm with us yesterday. 2)Sam is friendly to his classmates and his classmates are friendly to him. Sam _______ ______ well with his classmates. 3)Lily was born ten minutes earlier than I was. I am ten minutes _______ than Lily. 4)English is spoken by the largest number of people in the world. English _____ the largest number of ________ in the world. 5)It's your turn to do it. It's _____ ____ you to do it. 6) It rained heavily last night. There ______ _____ _____ last night. 7) The building is beautiful and there are many tall trees around it. The building _____ many tall trees all _______ is beautiful. 8) I spent two hours reading the book yesterday. _____ ______ me two hours ______ _____ the book yesterday. 9) He bought the book two weeks ago. He _____ _____ the book ____ two weeks. 10) You're very kind to help me with my maths. ___ __ very kind ___ you ___ help me with my maths. 11) My grandfather died ten years ago. My grandfather ______ ______ ______ ______ ten years ago. 12) I think it is different from Chinese names. I don't think it is _____ _____ as Chinese names. 13) They planted millions of trees to save the farmland. They planted millions of trees _____ _____ the farmland _____ ____ saved. 15)The man thinks the same as I. The man ______ ______ me.
英语是一门语言,作为一种交际工具, 句子 是其使用单位。下面是我带来的初中英语句子成分讲解，欢迎阅读! 初中英语句子成分讲解精选 英语句子成分 The students of Class Two are seriously reading the book written by Lu Xun. 按句子成分划分，此句为： (主语) (定语) (谓语)(状语) (谓语) (宾语) (定语) 按意群划分，此句为： 一、英语各种成分的基本含义及用法 (一)、主语 主语是全句谈论的中心话题。我们在说一句话的时候，首先要明确我们讲的是“哪个人”?或者是一件“什么事”?或者是一件“什么物体”，等。这些代表“哪个人”、“什么事”、“什么物体”等的部分就是句子的主语。 主语是指句子的某个部分，它可能是一个词，也可能是一个词组，还有可能是一个从句，甚至一句话中会有几个并列的主语等等。所以，英语中很多词类(或词组、从句)都可以做主语。另外，英语中还有一种特殊的主语形式叫“形式主语”，例如：It .... that ...句式等。 (名词作主语) 数词词组作主语) 代词作主语) (不定式 短语 作主语) (从句作主语) (It 是形式主语, to travel...部分是真正的主语) 请指出下列句中主语的中心词。 1. The teacher with two of her students is walking into the classroom. 2. There is a bird flying in the sky. 3. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. 4. It is very difficult to do today's homework without your help. (二)、谓语 在明确了主语后，我们再来说谓语。谓语是用来回答、说明、解释主语“做什么”、“是什么”、“怎么样”等的部分。英语句子中，除少数情况外，谓语必须是动词。而且，除了倒装等特殊情况外，谓语的位置相对来说是固定的，它总是位于主语的后面。 (系动词和表语一起作谓语) (行为动词作谓语) (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语) (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语) (三)、宾语 从语法角度说，及物动词后面要接宾语 (介词后也有宾语) 。从意义上来说，宾语是动作的对象、目标。 宾语是对谓语动词的进一步说明和解释。 (代词作宾语) (不定式作宾语) (动名词短语作宾语) 4. She said (从句做宾语) The sun gives us light and warmth. (us为间接宾语，light and warmth为直接宾语) 1、间接宾语多指人，直接宾语多指物。可以带两个宾语的动词有：bring, give, show, send, pass, tell 等。 间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。 2、如果强调直接宾语，可把直接宾语放在间接宾语的前面，但间接宾语前须加介词 “to”或“for”。 接to的动词有：give, bring, pass, lend, sell, send, show, tell, write等。 Give your mother the letter. =Give to 直接宾语 间接宾语 接for的动词有：buy, find, cook, draw, get, sing等。 Can you find me my bag? =Can you find for 直接宾语 间接宾语 这正是：人前物后看清楚，换位要加for或to。 (四)、宾语补足语 现在一般认为，宾语补足语是对宾语进行进一步的补充说明。宾语补足语主要与英语及物动词有关。这个问题我想分两点来说明。 1、英语中有些及物动词，不但会涉及到一个对象(宾语)，还会使宾语产生一种结果。动词引发宾语的结果就是宾语补足语。例如： We call him Little Tom. (称呼的对象是him, 称呼的结果是Little Tom. Little Tom 就是宾语补足语。) They made her happy. (make 使 her怎么样了?happy 作进一步的补充说明，那么happy是补语。) I find smoking bad for health. (find 的对象是smoking, 结论是bad for health.) 这一类带宾语补足语的动词有：(1) (把…看成…) regard, see;(2) (把…当成…) treat, take; (3) (把…认为是…) consider, look up, refer to, accept, acknowledge ;(4) (把…描述为…) describe, use, show, organize, express 等。 2、英语中表示看、听之类的动词，不仅看到一个人(宾语)，还会看到他在做什么事。宾语所做的事也是宾语补足语。例如： I saw a bird in a cage. (看到小鸟在笼子里，“在笼子里”是宾语补足语。) We heard her singing a song. (听到她在 唱歌 ，“在唱歌”是宾语补足语。) 这一类带宾语补足语动词有：see, hear, notice, watch, feel, observe 等。 补充说明： I'm going to paint it pink. 句子中的it显然是宾语。但是主语将要做的并不是it，而是paint it pink。pink 是句子中的宾语补足语。它和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，也就是说从逻辑上来讲，是执行了paint的动作。 句子中的pink是形容词做宾语补足语。能够充当宾补的还有宾语补足语的大致有：不定式，现在分词，过去分词，形容词，副词，介宾短语等。一般情况下，宾补通常紧跟在宾语之后。 比如： I find learning English difficult.(difficult是形容词做宾补) I saw the kite up and down. (up and down是副词做宾补) Tom made the girl cry. (cry是省略不定式符号to的动词不定式) *常跟复合宾语的动词有：call,name,make,think,find,leave,keep,nominate(任 命),choose,elect(选举),define(定义),regard, see, recognize,treat, take,consider, look up, refer to, accept, acknowledge,describe,depict(描述),represent(表现出),declare(宣称),denounce, employ(雇佣), use, show, organize, express (五)、表语 英语有一类动词叫系动词。系动词是侧重于表示人或事物状态、性质的动词，它没有明显的外观的动作形式，例如：be (am/is/are)(是), get(变得), sound(听起来), look, seem(看起来), feel(感到)等等。与系动词连用的部分叫“系表结构”，“表”就是“表语”的意思。注意：系表结构合起来共同组成谓语，来说明主语的状态、性质等。例如： I am a teacher. (系动词am + 表语 a teacher) They are on the playground now. (系动词are + 表语 on the playground.) It sounds interesting. (sound为系动词，interesting为表语) (六)、定语 定语是修饰名词或代词，说明人或事物的状态、性质、数量等的词。请记住：定语最关键的一点是，定语是用来修饰、限定人和事物(即名词)特点的成分。动词不可能有定语，形容词也没有。一般情况下，定语可以是一个词，也可能是几个词或一个词组，也可能是一个从句(定语从句)。例如： 单个的词作定语) The office is 词组作定语) (从句作定语) 英语中定语的位置可以在名词前面，也可以在名词后面，特别是放在名词后面的定语，与中文习惯不同，同学们要注意分辨清楚。 in today’s newspaper? (七)、状语 上面说了，定语是说明名词特点、性质的，而状语则是说明动词如何如何的，例如：动作在什么时间发生，什么地点发生，什么条件下发生，为什么目的发生，等等。状语的核心是：状语是修饰动词的，只有动词才有状语。 一般来说，状语的位置比较灵活，它可以放在句子的任何位置，可以放在句首、句中或者句末，而不一定是紧跟在动词的前后位置。我们在翻译的时候，要视具体情况而定。同样，状语可以是一个单词，也可以是几个单词或词组，也可以是一个状语从句。例如： We often help him. (often 副词，位置在help 前面。) I really don't like the food. (也可以说：I don't like the food really. ) (注意状语really 的位置。) He did his homework carefully at home. (carefully 副词;at home 是词组，位置都在did 后面。) When I grow up, I am going to be a teacher. (when从句是时间状语，在句首;to be...是目的状语。) 利用口诀综述以上内容：主在前、谓在中，宾语、状语后面冲。短语定语主宾后，形、代定语主宾前。 间宾直宾紧相依，直、间之间to、for连。宾补位于宾语后，地状常在时状前。 初中英语句子成分讲解练习 划分句子成分练习题(1) are working on the farm now. is believing of us like Kobe Bryant very much became a doctor in 1998 book lying on the floor are mine it begins to rain catch the train ,I got up early yesterday always find her happy wonders If I still study English letter which I received the day before yesterday was a friend mine always work hard at English. said he didn't come. love each other. did you bye? watched her daughter playing the piano. job today is to help the old. doesn't mean doing. the time I got to the station,the train had left. children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage. takes me an hour to get there.
初中英语句子成分讲解
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英语句子成分解读一、主语(subject):
句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east.(名词)
He likes dancing.(代词)
Twenty years is a short time in history.(数词)
Seeing is believing.(动名词)
To see is to believe.(不定式)
What he needs is a book.(主语从句)
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
(It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语)
英语句子成分解读二、谓语(predicate):
说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We study English.
He is asleep.
英语句子成分解读三、表语(predicative):
系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is a teacher.(名词)
Seventy-four!You don’t look it.(代词)
Five and five is ten.(数词)
He is asleep.(形容词)
His father is in.(副词)
The picture is on the wall.(介词短语)
My watch is gone/missing/lost.(形容词化的分词)
To wear a flower is to say“I’m poor,I can’t buy a ring.”(不定式)
The question is whether they will come.(表语从句)
常见的系动词有:be,sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，feel(摸起来)，smell(闻起来)，
taste(尝、吃起来)，remain(保持，仍是)，feel(感觉)….
It sounds a good idea.
The sound sounds strange.
Her voice sounds sweet.
Tom looks thin.
food smells delicious.
The food tastes good.
The door remains open.
Now I feel tired.
英语句子成分解读三、宾语：
1)动作的承受者——动宾
I like China.(名词)
He hates you.(代词)
How many do you need?We need two.(数词)
We should help the old and the poor.
I enjoy working with you.(动名词)
I hope to see you again.(不定式)
Did you write down what he said?(宾语从句)
2)介词后的`名词、代词和动名词——介宾
Are you afraid of the snake?
Under the snow,there are many rocks.
3)双宾语——间宾(指人)和直宾(指物)
He gave me a book yesterday.
Give the poor man some money.
英语句子成分解读四、宾补：
对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。
We elected him monitor.(名词)
We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here.(名)
We will make them happy.(形容词)
We found nobody in.(副词)
Please make yourself at home.(介词短语)
Don’t let him do that.(省to不定式)
His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson.(带to不定式)
Don’t keep the lights burning.(现在分词)
I’ll have my bike repaired.(过去分词)
英语句子成分解读五、主补：
对主语的补充。
He was elected monitor.
She was found singing in the next room.
He was advised to teach the lazy boy a
英语句子成分解读六、定语：
修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。
Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.(名词)
He is our friend.(代词)
We belong to the third world.(数词)
He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.(形容词)
The man over there is my old friend.(副词)
The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister.(介词)
The boys playing football are in Cla2.(现在分词)
The trees planted last year are growing well now.(过去分词)
I have an idea to do it well.(不定式)
You should do everything that I do.(定语从句)
英语句子成分解读七、状语：
用来修饰v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。
(以下例句按上述顺序排列)I will go there tomorrow.
The meeting will be held in the meetingroom.
The meat went bad because of the hot weather.
He studies hard to learn English well.
He didn’t study hard so that he failed in the exam.
I like some of you very much.
If you study hard,you will pathe exam.
He goes to school by bike.
Though he is young,he can do it well.
高中英语句子成分划分详解
在英语的学习中，学生需要知道一些句子在文章中充当什么的成分，下面的我将为大家带来析，希望能够帮助到大家。 高中英语写作句子成分的讲解 一、 主语 句子的主体，表示句子所说的是谁或是什么。 练习：请找出下列句子的主语并指出什么***词，短语或句子***可以充当主语。 1. The boy es from Amierican. 2. He usually wenti to school alone. 3. Studying English is every important. 4. To teach him a lesson seems quite necessary. 5. That he won the prize excited everyone. 6. It is important for us to have our dreams. 7. It is obvious that he was wrong. 8. It is no use crying over spilt milk. 归纳：主语一般由名词、_______,或者相当于名词的词、短语或从句充当***包括_____,______还有_______***。另外，当句子的主语为_______,_________或_________时，主语部分太长，为使句子平衡，避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语。 二、谓语 说明主语动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词片语充当。除了倒装等情况外，谓语总是位于主语的后面。既句子最主要的两大成分位置是：主语 谓语。英语写作句子成份讲解 动词分为实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。实义动词单独作谓语，连系动词与表语一起构成谓语，情态动词与动词原形构成合成谓语，助动词与动词的适当形式***如：原形、现在分词、过去分词***共同构成谓语部分。 注意：谓语与主语在人称和数方面要相互照应。 练习：请找出下列句子的谓语并指出谓语的构成：是实义动词、连系动词+表语、情态动词+动词的原形还是助动词+动词的适当形式? 1. His parents are teachers. 2. The sun rises in the east. 3. We have finished reading the book. 4. You ought to work harder. 5. I felt cold. 6. He doesn't like music. 三、 宾语 表示动作的物件，跟主语的性质差不多。一般由名词、宾格代词***me ，he等***或者相当于名词的词、短语或从句充当***包括不定式、动名词还有宾语从句***。宾语可分为直接宾语和间接宾语说明动作是对谁或为谁而做，直接宾语则是动作的承受着或结果。一般情况下，宾语都是在动词的后面， 它的顺序是：主语 谓语 宾语 练习：请找出下列句子的宾语并指出充当宾语的词***是名词、宾格代词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词还是宾语从句***? 1. He has never met her in person. 2. She handed him a book. 3. He likes to play basketball. 4. We enjoy listening to the music. 5. She said that she felt sick. 6. They sent the injured to hospital. 7. I find it possible to believe her any longer. 8. We consider it no good getting up late. 9. They believed it strange that he should have done that. 注意：当句子的宾语为_________、______、或_______时，常用形式宾语it，以保持句子的平衡。 答案：一、主语 1. The boy 名词 代词 3. Studying English动名词 teach him a lesson不定式 he won the prize主语从句 形式主语，to have our dreams 不定式短语作真正主语 形式主语， that he was wrong 主语从句作真正的主语 8. it 形式主语 crying over spilt milk动名词短语做主语 二、谓语 1. His parents are teachers.系动词+表语 sun rises in the east.实义动词 have finished reading the book. ought to work harder.情态动词+动词原形 felt cold.系动词+表语 doesn't like music.助动词+动词原形 三、宾语 1. He has never met her in person.宾格代词 handed him a book. Him宾格代词做间接宾语，a book名词作直接宾语 likes to play basketball.不定式短语 enjoy listening to the music.动名词短语 said that she felt sick.宾语从句 sent the injured to hospital.名词化的形容词 find it possible to believe her any longer. It形式宾语 不定式作真正的宾语 consider it no good getting up late. It形式宾语，动名词作真正的宾语 believed it strange that he should have done that. It形式宾语，宾语从句做真正的宾语 高中英语otherwise的用法介绍 1、otherwise 作连词,意为“否则;不然”,相当于 or或 if not.如： We'll go early,otherwise we may not get a seat. 我们得早点去,要不然就没有座位了. I was ill that day,otherwise I would have taken part in the sports meet.那天我病了,否则我会去参加运动会的. 2、otherwise 作副词,意为“用别的方法;不同地;在其他方面;除此之外”,相当于in another way或apart from .如： He is rich,but otherwise an unhappy man. 他有钱,但在其他方面是个不幸福的人. He is naughty,but otherwise a nice boy. 他很调皮,但除此之外他是个不错的男孩子. They should have been working,but they were otherwise engaged. 他们本应该在工作,但他们正忙别的事. 3、[拓展] and otherwise 等等;及其他 or otherwise 或相反;或其他情况 [例句] In the kindergarten,the children learn singing,dancing,drawing and otherwise. 孩子们在幼儿园里学唱歌、跳舞、画画等等. Fine or otherwise,we shall have to go. 不管天气好不好,我们非去不可. [小试] 将下列句子翻译成英语. 1.你最好现在就走,要不然就赶不上火车了. 2.我们当时不知道你遇到了困难,要不然我们会帮助你的. 3.幸亏他提醒了我,要不然我就忘了. 4.租金很贵,但房子倒是很好. Key: 'd better go now,otherwise you'll miss the train. didn't know you were in trouble at that time,otherwise we would have given you a hand. reminded me of what I should otherwise have forgotten. rent is high,but otherwise the house is fine.
高中英语句子成分解析
在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。下面是我收集整理的高中英语句子成分解析，希望对您有所帮助!
状语
状语(adverbial)是修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分。
如： girl is improving remarkably. 这个女孩大有进步。
2.可用作状语的有副词、名词、代词、数词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词短语、从句等。
(1)。副词最常用作状语，位置比较灵活，可置句末、句首和句中。
He speaks the language badly but read it well. 这种语言，他讲得不好，但阅读能力很强。
Naturally we expect hotel guests to lock their doors. 当我们期望旅馆的旅客把房门锁上。
3.状语按用途来分，可以分为时间、地点、方式、原因、结果、目的、条件、让步、程度、方式、伴随等
(1)。时间状语，多位于句末和句首，有时亦可置于句中 Shall we do the shopping today or tomorrow? In China now leads the world.
(2).地点状语，多置于句末，有时也位于句首和句中。 There are plenty of fish in the sea.
She kissed her mother on the platform(月台).
(3)。原因状语，包括表理由的状语，多置于句末，有时亦可置于句首。 Because he was ill ,Tom lost his job. I eat potatoes because I like them.
(4). 结果状语，多由不定式、分词和从句表示，常位于句末。
She woke(醒) suddenly to find someone standing in the doorway. She spoke so softly that I couldn’t hear what she said.
(5). 目的状语，多由不定式、介词短语和从句等表示，常位于句末，强调时可以置于句首。 He ran for shelter(隐蔽处).他跑去避雨。
In order to get into a good school, I must study even harder.
(6). 条件状语。多由短语和从句表示，常置于句末和句首。 We’ll be lucky to get there before dark.
If he were to come, what should we say to him?
(7). 让步状语，由短语和从句表示，常置于句末和句首。
For all his money, he didn’t seem happy. 他尽管有钱，但似乎并不幸福。 He helped me although he didn’t know me.
(8).程度状语。常由副词、介词短语及从句等表示。 The lecture is very interesting.
To what extent would you trust them? 你对他们信任程度如何? (9)。伴随状语，常由短语和独立主格等表示。对位于句末和句首。 My train starts at six, arriving at Chicago at ten. He stood there ,pipe(烟斗) in mouth.
同谓语
当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时，一个句子成分可被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分，前者就叫做后者的同谓语(appositive).这两个句子成分多由名词(代词)担任，同谓语通常皆放在其说明的名词(代词)之后。
1.名词用作同谓语是大量的。
(1). We have two children, a boy and a girl.我们有两个孩子，一男一女。
(2)We, the Chinese people, are determined to build China into a powerful and prosperous country. 我们中国人民决心将中国建成一个强大的繁荣的国家。
2.代词用作同谓语。
(1)。They all wanted to see him. 他们都想见他。
(2)。Let’s you and me go to work, Oliver. 咱们俩去工作吧。
3.数词用作同谓语。
(1)。Are you two ready?你们俩准备好了吗?
(2)。They two went, we three stayed behind.他们俩去了，我们三个留了下来。
4.不定式与动名词用作同谓语。
(1)。Their latest proposal, to concentrate on primary education, has met with some opposition.他们最近提出了集中全力于初等教育的提议遭到了某些人的反对。
(2)。The first plan, attacking at night, was turned down. 第一个计划是夜袭，被拒绝了。
短语用作同谓语
The city of Rome 罗马城 the art of writing 写作艺术 The vice of smoking 吸烟嗜好
6.从句用同谓语，即同谓语重句
(1)。The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true. 明天放假的消息不确。
(2)。We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy. 我们不是在调查他是否可信赖的问题。
定语
定语是用来说明名词(代词)的品质与特征的词或一组词。可用作定语的有：形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语、从句和句子等。
1.形容词用作定语是大量的。
(1). She is a natural musician. 她是一位天生的音乐家。
(2). He must be the best violinist alive.他一定是最好的在世的小提琴手了。(后置定语)
2. 名词用作定语。
如 (1). A baby girl 女婴
(2). well water 井水
(3). Sports car 双座轻型汽车
(4). A fool’s paradise 梦幻的天堂
3.代词作定语。
(1). Your hair needs cutting. 你该理发了。(物主代词用作定语)
(2). Everybody’s business is nobody’s business. 人人负责就是无人负责。 (不定代词所有格作定语)
4.数词作定语
(1). There’s only one way to do it. 做此事只有一法。
(2). Do it now, you may not get a second chance. 现在就干吧，你可能再没有机会了。
基数词用作后置定语： page 24 Room 201 the year 1949 4. 副词充当定语时常后置，如：
the room above 楼上的房间 the world today 今日世界 the way out 出路 a day off 休息日
5.不定式用作定语
(1). Her promise to write was forgotten.她忘记了答应写信的事。
(2). That’s the way to do it.那正是做此事的方法。
6.动名词用作定语.
A walking stick 拐杖 sleeping pills 药
eating implements 吃饭用具 learning method 学习方法
7.分词充当定语
a sleeping child 正在睡中的小孩 a drinking man 嗜酒者
a retired worker 一个退休工人 a faded flower 一朵谢了的花
8.介词短语用作定语。
(1). This is a map of China. 这是一幅中国地图。
(2). The wild look in his eyes spoke plainer than words. 他那凶暴的目光说明得再清楚不过了。
9.从句用作定语，即定语从句
The car that’s parked outside is mine. 停在外面的`车是我的。 Your car, which I noticed outside, has been hit by another one. 我在外面看见你的汽车了，它给另一辆车撞了。
补语
补语(complement)是一种补足主语和宾语的意义的句子成分。补足主语意义的句子成分叫做主语补语(subject complement),补足宾语意义的句子成分叫做宾语补语(object complement).
(1). 容词用作主语补语是常置于主语之前，后有逗号。
Tired and sleepy, I went to bed. 我又累又困，就去睡了。
有时可以置于主语之后，前后都有逗号，与非限定性定语相似。如： The man, cruel beyond belief, didn’t listen to their pleadings. 那人不可置疑地残酷，不听取他们的恳求。
(2).可以用做宾语补语的有名词、形容词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语等
named the child Jimmy. 他们将孩子命名为吉米。(名词用作并与补语)
mother looks so young that you would think her my sister. 我的母亲面很嫩，你会以为她是我的姐姐(名词短语作宾语补语)
3. He boiled the egg hard. 她将鸡蛋煮老了。(形容词用作宾语补语)
found the book very interesting.我发现那本书很有趣。(形容词短语用作宾补)
comrades wanted Dr. Bethune to take cover. 同志们要白求恩大夫隐蔽一下。(不定式用作宾语补语)
call this robbing Peter to pay Paul.我把这个叫做拆东墙补西墙。(动名作宾补
’t take his kindness for granted.不要把他的友善看作是当然的事。
1、主语 主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般由名词,代词,数词,不定式等充当. Helikeswatch'ingTV.他喜欢看电视. 2、谓语 谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征. 一般可分为两类： 1),简单谓语 由动词(或短语动词)构成. 可以有不同的时态,语态和语气. Westud'yforthepeo'ple.我们为人民学习. 2),复合谓语：情态动词＋不定式 Icanspeakalit'tleEng'lish.我可以说一点英语. 3、表语 表语是谓语的一部分,它位于系动词如be之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态.一般由名词,代词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词短语等充当. Mysis'terisanurse.我姐姐是护士. 4、宾语 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,能作宾语的有名词,代词,数词,动词不定式等. WelikeEng'lish.我们喜欢英语. 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语. Hegavemesom'eink.他给了我一点墨水. 有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语.如： Wemakehimourmon'itor.我们选他当班长. 5、定语 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语. 用作定语的主要是形容词,代词,数词,名词,副词,动词不定式,介词短语等.形容词,代词,数词,名词等作定语时,通常放在被修饰的词前面. Heisanewstu'dent.他是个新生. 但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后. Thebikeintheroomi *** ine.房间里的自行车是我的. 6、状语 修饰动词,形容词,副词以及全句的句子成分,叫做状语.用作状语的通常是副词,介词短语,不定式和从句等.状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾.副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首. HelivesinLon'don.他住在伦敦.
英语句子成分划分详解高中
英语句子成分有：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语。
主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语是句子不同成分的名称。
1、主语：是谓语陈述的对象，指明说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”。
2、谓语：是陈述主语，说明主语的，说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”。
3、宾语：在动词后面，表示动作、行为所涉及的人或事物，回答“谁”或“什么”一类问题。
4、定语：在句子中起着修饰、限制主语或宾语中心语的作用。
5、状语：修饰、限制谓语中心语，一般在谓语中心语前面，有的在句子最前面，交待时间、地点、范围、情况等。
6、补语：对谓语中心语起补充说明作用，一般放在谓语中心语之后。
英语五种基本句型列式如下
一：SV（主＋谓）。
二：SVP（主＋系＋表）。
三：SVO （主＋谓＋宾）。
四：SVoO（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）。
五：SVOC（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）。
高中英语句子成分解析
在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。下面是我收集整理的高中英语句子成分解析，希望对您有所帮助!
状语
状语(adverbial)是修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分。
如： girl is improving remarkably. 这个女孩大有进步。
2.可用作状语的有副词、名词、代词、数词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词短语、从句等。
(1)。副词最常用作状语，位置比较灵活，可置句末、句首和句中。
He speaks the language badly but read it well. 这种语言，他讲得不好，但阅读能力很强。
Naturally we expect hotel guests to lock their doors. 当我们期望旅馆的旅客把房门锁上。
3.状语按用途来分，可以分为时间、地点、方式、原因、结果、目的、条件、让步、程度、方式、伴随等
(1)。时间状语，多位于句末和句首，有时亦可置于句中 Shall we do the shopping today or tomorrow? In China now leads the world.
(2).地点状语，多置于句末，有时也位于句首和句中。 There are plenty of fish in the sea.
She kissed her mother on the platform(月台).
(3)。原因状语，包括表理由的状语，多置于句末，有时亦可置于句首。 Because he was ill ,Tom lost his job. I eat potatoes because I like them.
(4). 结果状语，多由不定式、分词和从句表示，常位于句末。
She woke(醒) suddenly to find someone standing in the doorway. She spoke so softly that I couldn’t hear what she said.
(5). 目的状语，多由不定式、介词短语和从句等表示，常位于句末，强调时可以置于句首。 He ran for shelter(隐蔽处).他跑去避雨。
In order to get into a good school, I must study even harder.
(6). 条件状语。多由短语和从句表示，常置于句末和句首。 We’ll be lucky to get there before dark.
If he were to come, what should we say to him?
(7). 让步状语，由短语和从句表示，常置于句末和句首。
For all his money, he didn’t seem happy. 他尽管有钱，但似乎并不幸福。 He helped me although he didn’t know me.
(8).程度状语。常由副词、介词短语及从句等表示。 The lecture is very interesting.
To what extent would you trust them? 你对他们信任程度如何? (9)。伴随状语，常由短语和独立主格等表示。对位于句末和句首。 My train starts at six, arriving at Chicago at ten. He stood there ,pipe(烟斗) in mouth.
同谓语
当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时，一个句子成分可被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分，前者就叫做后者的同谓语(appositive).这两个句子成分多由名词(代词)担任，同谓语通常皆放在其说明的名词(代词)之后。
1.名词用作同谓语是大量的。
(1). We have two children, a boy and a girl.我们有两个孩子，一男一女。
(2)We, the Chinese people, are determined to build China into a powerful and prosperous country. 我们中国人民决心将中国建成一个强大的繁荣的国家。
2.代词用作同谓语。
(1)。They all wanted to see him. 他们都想见他。
(2)。Let’s you and me go to work, Oliver. 咱们俩去工作吧。
3.数词用作同谓语。
(1)。Are you two ready?你们俩准备好了吗?
(2)。They two went, we three stayed behind.他们俩去了，我们三个留了下来。
4.不定式与动名词用作同谓语。
(1)。Their latest proposal, to concentrate on primary education, has met with some opposition.他们最近提出了集中全力于初等教育的提议遭到了某些人的反对。
(2)。The first plan, attacking at night, was turned down. 第一个计划是夜袭，被拒绝了。
短语用作同谓语
The city of Rome 罗马城 the art of writing 写作艺术 The vice of smoking 吸烟嗜好
6.从句用同谓语，即同谓语重句
(1)。The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true. 明天放假的消息不确。
(2)。We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy. 我们不是在调查他是否可信赖的问题。
定语
定语是用来说明名词(代词)的品质与特征的词或一组词。可用作定语的有：形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语、从句和句子等。
1.形容词用作定语是大量的。
(1). She is a natural musician. 她是一位天生的音乐家。
(2). He must be the best violinist alive.他一定是最好的在世的小提琴手了。(后置定语)
2. 名词用作定语。
如 (1). A baby girl 女婴
(2). well water 井水
(3). Sports car 双座轻型汽车
(4). A fool’s paradise 梦幻的天堂
3.代词作定语。
(1). Your hair needs cutting. 你该理发了。(物主代词用作定语)
(2). Everybody’s business is nobody’s business. 人人负责就是无人负责。 (不定代词所有格作定语)
4.数词作定语
(1). There’s only one way to do it. 做此事只有一法。
(2). Do it now, you may not get a second chance. 现在就干吧，你可能再没有机会了。
基数词用作后置定语： page 24 Room 201 the year 1949 4. 副词充当定语时常后置，如：
the room above 楼上的房间 the world today 今日世界 the way out 出路 a day off 休息日
5.不定式用作定语
(1). Her promise to write was forgotten.她忘记了答应写信的事。
(2). That’s the way to do it.那正是做此事的方法。
6.动名词用作定语.
A walking stick 拐杖 sleeping pills 药
eating implements 吃饭用具 learning method 学习方法
7.分词充当定语
a sleeping child 正在睡中的小孩 a drinking man 嗜酒者
a retired worker 一个退休工人 a faded flower 一朵谢了的花
8.介词短语用作定语。
(1). This is a map of China. 这是一幅中国地图。
(2). The wild look in his eyes spoke plainer than words. 他那凶暴的目光说明得再清楚不过了。
9.从句用作定语，即定语从句
The car that’s parked outside is mine. 停在外面的`车是我的。 Your car, which I noticed outside, has been hit by another one. 我在外面看见你的汽车了，它给另一辆车撞了。
补语
补语(complement)是一种补足主语和宾语的意义的句子成分。补足主语意义的句子成分叫做主语补语(subject complement),补足宾语意义的句子成分叫做宾语补语(object complement).
(1). 容词用作主语补语是常置于主语之前，后有逗号。
Tired and sleepy, I went to bed. 我又累又困，就去睡了。
有时可以置于主语之后，前后都有逗号，与非限定性定语相似。如： The man, cruel beyond belief, didn’t listen to their pleadings. 那人不可置疑地残酷，不听取他们的恳求。
(2).可以用做宾语补语的有名词、形容词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语等
named the child Jimmy. 他们将孩子命名为吉米。(名词用作并与补语)
mother looks so young that you would think her my sister. 我的母亲面很嫩，你会以为她是我的姐姐(名词短语作宾语补语)
3. He boiled the egg hard. 她将鸡蛋煮老了。(形容词用作宾语补语)
found the book very interesting.我发现那本书很有趣。(形容词短语用作宾补)
comrades wanted Dr. Bethune to take cover. 同志们要白求恩大夫隐蔽一下。(不定式用作宾语补语)
call this robbing Peter to pay Paul.我把这个叫做拆东墙补西墙。(动名作宾补
’t take his kindness for granted.不要把他的友善看作是当然的事。
在英语的学习中，学生需要知道一些句子在文章中充当什么的成分，下面的我将为大家带来析，希望能够帮助到大家。 高中英语写作句子成分的讲解 一、 主语 句子的主体，表示句子所说的是谁或是什么。 练习：请找出下列句子的主语并指出什么***词，短语或句子***可以充当主语。 1. The boy es from Amierican. 2. He usually wenti to school alone. 3. Studying English is every important. 4. To teach him a lesson seems quite necessary. 5. That he won the prize excited everyone. 6. It is important for us to have our dreams. 7. It is obvious that he was wrong. 8. It is no use crying over spilt milk. 归纳：主语一般由名词、_______,或者相当于名词的词、短语或从句充当***包括_____,______还有_______***。另外，当句子的主语为_______,_________或_________时，主语部分太长，为使句子平衡，避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语。 二、谓语 说明主语动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词片语充当。除了倒装等情况外，谓语总是位于主语的后面。既句子最主要的两大成分位置是：主语 谓语。英语写作句子成份讲解 动词分为实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。实义动词单独作谓语，连系动词与表语一起构成谓语，情态动词与动词原形构成合成谓语，助动词与动词的适当形式***如：原形、现在分词、过去分词***共同构成谓语部分。 注意：谓语与主语在人称和数方面要相互照应。 练习：请找出下列句子的谓语并指出谓语的构成：是实义动词、连系动词+表语、情态动词+动词的原形还是助动词+动词的适当形式? 1. His parents are teachers. 2. The sun rises in the east. 3. We have finished reading the book. 4. You ought to work harder. 5. I felt cold. 6. He doesn't like music. 三、 宾语 表示动作的物件，跟主语的性质差不多。一般由名词、宾格代词***me ，he等***或者相当于名词的词、短语或从句充当***包括不定式、动名词还有宾语从句***。宾语可分为直接宾语和间接宾语说明动作是对谁或为谁而做，直接宾语则是动作的承受着或结果。一般情况下，宾语都是在动词的后面， 它的顺序是：主语 谓语 宾语 练习：请找出下列句子的宾语并指出充当宾语的词***是名词、宾格代词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词还是宾语从句***? 1. He has never met her in person. 2. She handed him a book. 3. He likes to play basketball. 4. We enjoy listening to the music. 5. She said that she felt sick. 6. They sent the injured to hospital. 7. I find it possible to believe her any longer. 8. We consider it no good getting up late. 9. They believed it strange that he should have done that. 注意：当句子的宾语为_________、______、或_______时，常用形式宾语it，以保持句子的平衡。 答案：一、主语 1. The boy 名词 代词 3. Studying English动名词 teach him a lesson不定式 he won the prize主语从句 形式主语，to have our dreams 不定式短语作真正主语 形式主语， that he was wrong 主语从句作真正的主语 8. it 形式主语 crying over spilt milk动名词短语做主语 二、谓语 1. His parents are teachers.系动词+表语 sun rises in the east.实义动词 have finished reading the book. ought to work harder.情态动词+动词原形 felt cold.系动词+表语 doesn't like music.助动词+动词原形 三、宾语 1. He has never met her in person.宾格代词 handed him a book. Him宾格代词做间接宾语，a book名词作直接宾语 likes to play basketball.不定式短语 enjoy listening to the music.动名词短语 said that she felt sick.宾语从句 sent the injured to hospital.名词化的形容词 find it possible to believe her any longer. It形式宾语 不定式作真正的宾语 consider it no good getting up late. It形式宾语，动名词作真正的宾语 believed it strange that he should have done that. It形式宾语，宾语从句做真正的宾语 高中英语otherwise的用法介绍 1、otherwise 作连词,意为“否则;不然”,相当于 or或 if not.如： We'll go early,otherwise we may not get a seat. 我们得早点去,要不然就没有座位了. I was ill that day,otherwise I would have taken part in the sports meet.那天我病了,否则我会去参加运动会的. 2、otherwise 作副词,意为“用别的方法;不同地;在其他方面;除此之外”,相当于in another way或apart from .如： He is rich,but otherwise an unhappy man. 他有钱,但在其他方面是个不幸福的人. He is naughty,but otherwise a nice boy. 他很调皮,但除此之外他是个不错的男孩子. They should have been working,but they were otherwise engaged. 他们本应该在工作,但他们正忙别的事. 3、[拓展] and otherwise 等等;及其他 or otherwise 或相反;或其他情况 [例句] In the kindergarten,the children learn singing,dancing,drawing and otherwise. 孩子们在幼儿园里学唱歌、跳舞、画画等等. Fine or otherwise,we shall have to go. 不管天气好不好,我们非去不可. [小试] 将下列句子翻译成英语. 1.你最好现在就走,要不然就赶不上火车了. 2.我们当时不知道你遇到了困难,要不然我们会帮助你的. 3.幸亏他提醒了我,要不然我就忘了. 4.租金很贵,但房子倒是很好. Key: 'd better go now,otherwise you'll miss the train. didn't know you were in trouble at that time,otherwise we would have given you a hand. reminded me of what I should otherwise have forgotten. rent is high,but otherwise the house is fine.
英语句子成分划分详解图解
简单说，句子成分可以分为基本成分、附属成分、独立成分、省略成分和连接成分5类。一、基本成分：根据结构，可以分为5类。① 主语＋不及物动词：John came.② 主语＋及物动词＋宾语：John likes apples.③ 主语＋双宾动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语：John gave Mary books.④ 主语＋系动词＋主语补语：John is happy.⑤ 主语＋宾补动词＋宾语＋宾语补语：John makes Mary angry.主语、不及物动词、及物动词、双宾动词、系动词、宾补动词、宾语及补语可以称为基本句子成分。如果把任何一个成分删除，都会成为病句。完整的句子一般至少包含2个基本成分，至多4个基本成分。二、附属成分：基本成分可以加修饰语：① 定语（即用来修饰名词的单词、短语或从句）：Poor John tottered toward a hospital nearby.② 状语（即用来修饰名词或代词以外的词的单词、短语或从句）：Whenever he gets drunk,John makes Mary very angry.这类句子，即使把修饰语去掉，结构仍是完整的。这种修饰语，可能在意思上很重要，但在结构上不影响句子的完整性，因此称作附属成分。三、独立成分句中还有一类成分，可以去掉，不影响句子的完整性，并和句子的其他词没有语法的关系，可以称作独立成分。Oh!What a surprise!（惊叹词）Come here, John.(称呼语)四、省略成分此外还有一类被省略的成分，虽然没有说出来，却在句中表示一定的意思：(You)Come here.(I wish you)Good luck!五、连接成分最后还有连接成分，它实际上是一个并列连词，用来连接两个或几个平行的词、短语和分句。总之，一个完整的句子（从句或分句）必须包含2个到4个基本成分，此外，如果意思上有需要，还可包含一个或更多其他的句子成分
英语主谓宾定状补位置图解如下：
主语即“动作的发出者”（主谓宾结构中）或者“表述的对象”（主系表结构中），一般放在句首，有时也放在中间或者句尾。充当主语的可以是名词、代词；也可以是短语、不定式；甚至可以是整个句子。所以，在找主语的时候，脑子里一定要有这些认知。
主谓宾
主谓宾，一种文法的表达方式。语法顺序为主语—谓语—宾语的结构。虽然使用主谓宾结构的语言在事实上没有使用主、宾、谓结构的。但是语言种类多，且许多克里奥尔语都使用主谓宾结构为主要语序。
状语：
修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分，叫做状语。用作状语的通常是副词，介词短语，不定式和从句等。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。
什么是主谓宾定状补?
主谓宾结构为一种文法的语序，即语法顺序为主语—谓语—宾语的结构。
像英文的"I eat apples"就是一个例子，在此范例中I为主词（主语，人），eat为动词（谓语动词），apples为名词（宾语，物）。所以也可以理解为两物（或一人一物）一动作为主谓宾结构。
定状补句子成分：
组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。英语句子成分有主语，谓语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语，定语，状语等。
顺序一般是主语，谓语.宾语，宾语补主语，而表语、定语、状语的位置要根据情况而定。在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。
用作定语的主要是形容词，代词，数词，名词，副词，动词不定式，介词短语等。形容词，代词，数词，名词等作定语时，通常放在被修饰的词前面。但副词，动词不定式，介词短语等作定语时，则放在被修饰的词之后。
英语句子成分有：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语。
主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语是句子不同成分的名称。
1、主语：是谓语陈述的对象，指明说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”。
2、谓语：是陈述主语，说明主语的，说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”。
3、宾语：在动词后面，表示动作、行为所涉及的人或事物，回答“谁”或“什么”一类问题。
4、定语：在句子中起着修饰、限制主语或宾语中心语的作用。
5、状语：修饰、限制谓语中心语，一般在谓语中心语前面，有的在句子最前面，交待时间、地点、范围、情况等。
6、补语：对谓语中心语起补充说明作用，一般放在谓语中心语之后。
英语五种基本句型列式如下
一：SV（主＋谓）。
二：SVP（主＋系＋表）。
三：SVO （主＋谓＋宾）。
四：SVoO（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）。
五：SVOC（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）。
1、主语+谓语 例：I am singing.
2、主语+谓语+宾语 例：She likes watching TV.
3、主语+谓语+表语 例：It looks beautiful.
4、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 例：Sandy gave the dog some food.
5、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 例：We call her Millie.
英语中主要的句子成分：
1、主语
主语(subject) 是一个句子的主题( theme),是句子所述说的主体.它的位置一般在一句之首.可用作主语的有单词、短语、从句乃至句子。
A mooncake is a delicious,round cake.
月饼是一种美味的圆饼
2、谓语
谓语(predicate) 或谓语动词(predicate verb) 的位置一般在主语之后.谓语由简单动词或动词短语（助动词或情态动词＋主要动词）构成。
It is used by travelers and business people all over the world.
它被全世界旅行者和商业人员使用。
3、表语
表语是用来说明主语的性质，身份，特征和状态。表语须和连系动词一起构成句子的复合谓语。表语一般放在系动词之后。表语可以由名词，形容词或起名词和形容词作用的词和短语担任。
My work is teaching English,
我的工作是教英语。
4、宾语
宾语是谓语动作所涉及的对象，它是动作的承受者，宾语可以由名词或起名词作用的成分担任，宾语一般放在谓语动词后面。
We think you are right.
我们认为你是对的。
5、定语
用于描述名词，代词，短语或从句的性质，特征范围等情况的词叫做定语，定语可以由名词，形容词和起名词和形容词作用的词，短语担任。如果定语是单个词，定语放在被修饰词的前面，如果是词组，定语放在被修饰词的后面。
The TV set made in that factory is very good.
那个工厂生产的电视机很好。
英语句子成分划分详解70句
语文中的句子成分我有在前面说到。那么英文中的句子成分与中文有哪些不同呢?据悉，英语中的句子成分有主要成分和次要成分，对英语中的句子成分进行分析是英语语法中的重点。接下来，我将带来“英语句子成分划分教案详解”，希望对您有所帮助。本文章仅供参考，更多精彩内容尽在。 英语句子成分划分教案详解 英语句子成分一：主语 一、主语(subject): 句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east. (名词) He likes dancing. (代词) Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. (动名词) To see is to believe. (不定式) What he needs is a book. (主语从句) It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. (It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语) 英语句子成分二：谓语 二、谓语(predicate):说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 We study English. He is asleep. 英语句子成分三：表语 表语(predicative):系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 He is a teacher. (名词) Seventy-four! You don’t look it. (代词) Five and five is ten. (数词) He is asleep. (形容词) His father is in. (副词) The picture is on the wall. (介词短语) My watch is gone / missing / lost. (形容词化的分词) To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. ” (不定式) The question is whether they will come. (表语从句) 常见的系动词有: be, sound(听起来)， look(看起来)， feel(摸起来)，smell(闻起来)， taste(尝、吃起来)， remain(保持，仍是)， feel(感觉) …. It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange. Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin. The food smells delicious. The food tastes good. The door remains open. Now I feel tired. 英语句子成分四：宾语 1)动作的承受者——动宾 I like China. (名词) He hates you. (代词) How many do you need? We need two. (数词) We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. (动名词) I hope to see you again. (不定式) Did you write down what he said? (宾语从句) 2)介词后的名词、代词和动名词——介宾 Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks. 3) 双宾语——间宾(指人)和直宾(指物) He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money. 英语句子成分五：宾补 宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。 We elected him monitor. (名词) We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here. (名) We will make them happy. (形容词) We found nobody in. (副词) Please make yourself at home. (介词短语) Don’t let him do that. (省to不定式) His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. (带to不定式) Don’t keep the lights burning. (现在分词) I’ll have my bike repaired. (过去分词) 英语句子成分六：主补 主补：对主语的补充。 He was elected monitor. She was found singing in the next room. He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson. 英语句子成分七：定语 定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。 Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.(名词) He is our friend. (代词) We belong to the third world. (数词) He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.(形容词) The man over there is my old friend.(副词) The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词) The boys playing football are in Cla2. (现在分词) The trees planted last year are growing well now. (过去分词) I have an idea to do it well. (不定式) You should do everything that I do. (定语从句) 英语句子成分八：状语 状语：用来修饰v., adj., adv., or 句子。 表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。 (以下例句按上述顺序排列) I will go there tomorrow. The meeting will be held in the meetingroom. The meat went bad because of the hot weather. He studies hard to learn English well. He didn’t study hard so that he failed in the exam. I like some of you very much. If you study hard, you will pathe exam. He goes to school by bike. Though he is young, he can do it well.
构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如:
During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.(名词)
We often speak English in class.(代词)
One-third of the students in this claare girls.(数词)
To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)
Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词)
The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)
When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句)
It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)
谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下:
1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如:He practices running every morning.
2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如:You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。如:We are students.
表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如:
Our teacher of English is an American.(名词)
Is it yours?(代词)
The weather has turned cold.(形容词)
The speech is exciting.(分词)
Three times seven is twenty one?(数词)
His job is to teach English.(不定式)
His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词)
The machine must be out of order.(介词短语)
Time is up. The clais over.(副词)
The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句)
宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如:
They went to see an exhibition(展览)yesterday.(名词)
The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.(代词)
How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词)
They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词)
He pretended not to see me.(不定式短语)
I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语)
I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句)
宾语种类:(1)双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语),例如:Lend me your dictionary, please.(2)复合宾语(宾语+宾补),例如:They elected him their monitor.
英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补语,才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为:某些及物动词(如make等+宾语+宾补)。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。例如:
His father named him Dongming.(名词)
They painted their boat white.(形容词)
Let the fresh air in.(副词)
You mustn't force him to lend his money to you.(不定式短语)
We saw her entering the room.(现在分词)
We found everything in the lab in good order.(介词短语)
We will soon make our city what your city is now.(从句)
修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成分表示:
Guilin is a beautiful city.(形容词)
China is a developing country; America is a developed country.(分词)
There are thirty women teachers is our school.(名词)
His rapid progrein English made us surprised.(代词)
Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.(不定式短语)
The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.(动名词)
He is reading an article about how to learn English.(介词短语)
简单记忆吧：主语是句子的动作的执行者，可以是人，也可以是物。谓语是句子所表示的动作或状态。宾语是谓语动词所表示的动作的接受者。表语是表示主语的身份、性质、职业、状态。状语是修饰形容词或副词或者句子的副词或从句。双宾语就是句子的直接宾语和间接宾语。如（ buy sb sth/ give sb sth，这里的sb和sth 就是双宾语）宾补是对宾语补充说明的成分。如：keep the room warm中的warm就是对the room补充说明的。定语就是用来限定或者修饰名词或代词的词。
（定语）+ 主语 +（状语）+ 谓语 +（定语）+ 宾语 +（状语） 1.主语：是一句的主体，是全句述说的对象，常用名词，数词或代词担任，一般放于句首。 2.谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。3.宾语：表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。4.定语：是用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前，相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面。5.状语：是用来说明动词，形容词，副词或整个句子的成分。常由副词担任。修饰动词时可以放在动词之前，也可以放在动词之后；修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。6.表语：用来说明主语的性质或状态。一般由名词或者形容词担任。
