本文作者:小思

高中英语语法必背

小思 09-20 9
高中英语语法必背摘要: 高中必背英语语法高中英语必备语法知识一、表语从句 可以接表语从句的连系动词有 be, look, remain, seem 等。 ……数百万人死于由抽烟引起的疾病 我们是否...

高中必背英语语法

高中英语必备语法知识

一、表语从句 可以接表语从句的连系动词有 be, look, remain, seem 等。 ……数百万人死于由抽烟引起的疾病 我们是否能赢得这次比赛

值得注意的是:

1. 表语从句的表现形式除了用从属连词,连接代词和连接副词引导以外,还可以由as, as if ,as though引导. It looks as if it is going to rain. 好象要下雨了。

2、另外还要注意以下常用的两种结构:The reason why…is that … (而不用 because) It ( This, That ) is because… . 他为什么被开除是因为他工作不努力。

二、同位语从句 同位语从句一般由 that, whether 等连词引导,常放在 advice, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, possibility, problem, question, reason, truth, word, suggestion.等名词的后面,说明该名词的具体内容。 登陆月球……. . ……什么时候回来 y也许病了

三、宾语从句 宾语从句可以作及物动词的宾语,介词的宾语,某些形容词的宾语以及非谓语动词的宾语。

1.及物动词后的宾语从句: a warm support……任何需要帮助的人…… 她为什么拒绝了我的邀请

2.介词后的宾语从句: 我总是在思考如何提高我的口语水平。 老师对他所说的话很满意。

3.某些形容词后的宾语从句: ……通过努力工作,你将取得更大的进步 …….他没有告别就走了

4.非谓语动词后的宾语从句:

Realizing that it was just a difference in custom, the foreigner smiled and said nothing.

高中英语语法知识重点

1、主语

主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般由名词,代词,数词,不定式等充当。

He likes watching TV.他喜欢看电视。

2、谓语

谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。

一般可分为两类:

1),简单谓语

由动词(或短语动词)构成。

可以有不同的.时态,语态和语气。

We study for the people.我们为人民学习。

2),复合谓语:情态动词+不定式

I can speak a little English .我可以说一点英语。

3、表语

表语是谓语的一部分,它位于系动词如be之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。一般由名词,代词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词短语等充当。

Mysisterisanurse.我姐姐是护士。

4、宾语

宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,能作宾语的有名词,代词,数词,动词不定式等。

WelikeEnglish.我们喜欢英语。

有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。

Hegavemesomeink.他给了我一点墨水。

有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如:

Wemakehimourmonitor.我们选他当班长。

5、定语

在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。

用作定语的主要是形容词,代词,数词,名词,副词,动词不定式,介词短语等。形容词,代词,数词,名词等作定语时,通常放在被修饰的词前面。

Heisanewstudent.他是个新生。

但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。

Thebikeintheroomismine.房间里的自行车是我的。

6、状语

修饰动词,形容词,副词以及全句的句子成分,叫做状语。用作状语的通常是副词,介词短语,不定式和从句等。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。

HelivesinLondon.他住在伦敦。

高中英语语法知识

一、过去完成进行时

1.概念:表示某个正在进行的动作或状态,持续到过去某个时刻,还未完成,一直持续到之后的当前才结束。

2.基本结构:主语+ had + been + doing +其它

3.例子:She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam.她在考试之前一直患重感冒。 Had they been expecting the news for some time?他们期待这个消息有一段时间了吧?

4.特殊含义:①尚未完成:He had been writing the novel.他已经在写小说了。(他没写完)

②企图:He had been studying the meaning of this proverb.他曾经学习过这个谚语。(他曾努力学习过它) ③未得结果:We had been studying what our enemy had said.我们一直致力于敌人所说的。(但是我们没有理解) ④最近情况:He had been quarrelling with his wife.他和他的妻子吵了一场架。(最近)

⑤反复动作:He had been asking me the same question.他一直问我相同的问题。(屡次)

⑥情绪:What had he been doing?他做了什么?(不耐烦)

二、 将来完成进行时

1.概念:表示动作从某一时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间。是否继续下去,要视上下文而定。

2.基本结构:shall/will have been doing

3.例子:I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year.到今年年底,我将在这个工厂工作20年了。

If we dont hurry up the store will have been closing before we get there. 咱们如不快一点儿,等我们到了那儿,店门就会关了。

高中英语语法必背

总结 是指对某一阶段的工作、学习或思想中的 经验 或情况加以总结和概括的书面材料,它是增长才干的一种好办法,让我们好好写一份总结吧。下面是我给大家带来的 高一英语 必背知识点大全,以供大家参考!

高一英语必背知识点大全

一、现在分词和过去分词的构成(形式)

外教一对一一般式doing being done

完成式having done having been done

过去分词的构成:done

二、过去分词的用法

过去分词一般表示完成的和被动的动作,只有一种形式。

过去分词用法如下:

1.作定语和现在分词作定语的用法相同。作定语用的过去分词如果是单词,一般放在名词的前面;如果是过去分词 短语 ,要放在名词的后面。

2.作表语

3.作宾语补足语

4.作状语

三、现在分词的用法

1.作定语作定语用的分词如果是单词,一般放在名词的前面。如果是分词短语,一般放在名词的后面,它的功用相当于定语从句。

2.作表语

3.作宾语补足语分词在复合宾语中可作宾语补足语。可带这种复合宾语的动词有:see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep等。

高一英语必修一知识点归纳

1.becauseof因为……(注意和because的区别)

2.evenif(=eventhoug)即使,用来引导让步状语从句

3.comeup走上前来,走近,发生,出现comeupwith追上,赶上,提出

4.communicatewithsb和某人交流

5.bedifferentfrom…与……不同

bedifferentin…在……方面不同

Mostofmyprojectsaredifferentinperformance.我多数作品的演奏风格都不同。

6.bebasedon以……为基础

7.atpresent目前,眼下forthepresent眼前;暂时

8.make(good/better/full)useof

9.thelatter后者theformer前者

10.alargenumberof大量的thenumberof…的数量

11.suchas例如

12.holdon坚持住,握住不放;(打电话时)等—会

13.…youwillhearthedifferenceintheway(that/inwhich)peoplespeak.

你会听出人们在说话时的差异。

14.playarole/part(in)在…中担任角色;在…中起作用;扮演一个角色

15.thesame…as…与……一样

16.atthetopof…在…顶上

atthebottomof在……底部

17.bringup教养,养育;提出

18.requestsb(not)todosth.要求某人做/不要做某事

19.besatisfiedwith…对……感到满意,满足于

20.suggestv.(request,insist…)

Isuggestedyoudowhathesays.我建议你按照他说的去做。

Isuggestyounotgotomorrow.我想你明天还是不要去了。

Hispalefacesuggestedthathewasinbadhealth.他苍白的脸色暗示了他身体不好。

注意:insist意思为“坚持要求”时后面的that从句用虚拟语气;如果insist意为“强调,坚持认为”的时候,从句可以用任何所需要的时态。例如:Sheinsistedthatshedidn’ttellalie.她坚持认为她没撒谎。

21.accordingto…按照…根据…

英语高一必修1重点知识点

1.right away毫不迟疑,立刻

2.It seemed as if the world was at an end.世界似乎到了末日。

从句表示“(在某人)看来好像;似乎”

① It seems/looks/appears as if/though…看起来好像…

② Sb./Sth.looks as if/though…

③ There seems/appears(to be)…

There appears to have been a mistake.

2.in ruins.变为废墟

3.Two-thirds

4.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.

5.under the weight of在……重压下,迫于

6.in the open air在户外,在野外,露天

7.take turns to do sth依次,轮流做某事

in turn依次地,轮流地

8.be shocked at对……感到震惊

9.be proud of以……为自豪

10.express one’s thanks to sb/for sth…对/因……表示感谢

11.without warning毫无预兆

12.next to紧接着,相邻,次于

13.get away from…避免,摆脱,离开

14.disaster-hit areas灾区

15.Listening to English is a very important skill because it is only when we understand what is said to us that we can have a conversation with somebody.

听英语是一项很重要的技能,因为只有当我们懂得别人给我们说什么我们才能与他交谈。

16.It is believed that人们认为…

17.hold up举起;托住;支撑列举,推举

18.make up弥补,虚构,整理,和解,化妆,拼凑

19.be trapped in被困于…

20.It is said that…据说...

21.be fixed to…被固定到……

22.be tied to…被绑在……

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高中英语必背句型和语法

为了方便大家在能够更好学习英语语法,下面我为大家整理了高中必背英语语法重点知识,供参考!

专题一 :定 语 从 句

一、关系代词引导的定语从句

1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语

which 指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)

who 指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语

whom 指人在从句中作宾语

whose 指人或物在从句中作定语

as 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语

but 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语

注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which或 of which+the+名词

2、as 的用法

(1)常用于下列结构:such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as

注意:the same…as 表示同一类,不同一个

the same…that 表示同一个

(2)as与which的区别

a、位置不同

as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。

b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。

Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。

注意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,

as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。

c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。

二、只用that不用which的情况

1、.先行词为 all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时

2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.

3、 当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。

4、 当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。

5、当先行词是数词时.

6、 当先行词既指人又指物时。

7、如有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个关系代词则宜用 that。

8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。

9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that。

10、先行词为what,关系代词用that。

11、有时为了避免重复而使用that引导定语从句。

三、只用which不用that的情况

1、 当介词放在关系代词之前时。

2、 在非限制性定语从句中。

3、 当关系代词指整个主句的概念时。

四、只用who不用that的情况

1、当先行词是one, ones,anyone或those时。

2、there be 结构中。

3、当先行词是人,后面有较长修饰语时。

4、为了避免重复或引起歧义。

5、当先行词是I,you,he,they等时(常用于谚语中)。

6、先行词是指成员的集体名词。

7、who可以引导非限制性定语从句。

8、先行词是拟人化的名词。

9、先行词指特定的人时用who,不指特定的人用that。

五、关系副词引导的定语从句

1、when时间状语

注意:It/Ihis/That + be + the first/ second/ last time that… 只能用that,that可以省略,从句用相应的完成时。

2、where 地点状语

注意:当先行词为模糊的地点时,如point. Situation, case, position, stage, scene, spot, activity, family, job等名词时用where.

3、why 原因状语 先行词为reason。

六、介词与关系代词

1、介词如何确定

(1)依据定语从句中动词的习惯搭配来确定

(2)依据先行词的习惯搭配来确定

(3)根据意思来确定

(4)为了强调某一名词,不定式前加上关系词

2、关系代词作介词的宾语时,介词的位置

(1)whom和which可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间,也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。

(2)含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在动词的后面。

(3)关系代词that在从句中作介词宾语时,介词不能放在它的前面,只能放在从句中有关动词的后面。

(4)关系代词whose也可以在从句中与它所修饰的名词一起作介词宾语。

3、“名词/数词/代词+介词+关系代词”结构常见的形式有:名词/one/two/some/none/all/both/several/many/most/a few/a little/the+比较级/the+最高级…+of+which/whom。

七、定语从句中的主谓一致

1、关系代词作从句的主语时,从句中谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致,先行词是句子时,从句的谓语动词用单数形式。

2、“one of+复数名词”位于关系代词前作先行词时,关系代词在从句中作主语,从句的动词通常用复数,但当one前有the,the only,the very等修饰时,从句的谓语动词要用单数。

八、注意way和time后接定语从句的情况

1、当先行词是way,且意为“方式、方法”时,引导定语从句的关系词有下列三种形式:that/in which/不填。

注意:关系词在从句中必须作状语。如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语,按正常的定语从句分析。

2、当先行词是time时,若time作“次数”讲,应用that引导定语从句,that可省略;若time作“一段时间”讲,应用关系副词when或介词at/during+which引导定语从句。

专题二: 状 语 从 句

一、时间状语从句

1、when的用法

(1)when既可引导一个持续性动作,也可引导一个短暂性动作,可用于表示主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作,有时还可表示从句动作后于主句,意为“当。。。时候”。

(2)when在be about to do。。。when。。。,be doing。。。when。。。,had done。。。when。。。,be on one’s way。。。when。。。,be on the point of doing。。。when。。。等结构中,作“那时突然”讲。

(3)when “既然、鉴于;尽管,虽然(位于主句之后);如果”

2、while的用法

(1)表示“当。。。时候”,引导的动作必须是延续性的。

(2)用作并列连词,表示相对关系“然而”。

(3)引导让步状语从句,相当于although,意为“虽然”,位于主句前。

(4)引导条件状语从句,相当于as/so long as,意为“只要”。

3、as 的用法

(1)表示“当。。。时候”,强调同时发生,不指先后。

(2)说明两种正在发展或变化的情况,表示“随着”,表示时间的推移。

(3)表示“一边。。。一边。。。”。

(4)强调两个动作紧接着发生。

(5)表示“虽然,尽管”。

(6)其他含义“正如,正像”,“作为”,“由于,因为”。

4、before的用法

(1)一般意为“在。。。之前”“。。。才”,“。。。就”“还没有。。。”“免得”“不知不觉”“宁可,宁愿”,“否则,要不然”。

(2)It + will be/was + 时间段+before+一般现在时/一般过去时。在肯定句中,意为“多长时间之后才”;在否定句中,意为“用不了多长时间就”。

5、until和till

(1)与肯定句连用,必须是延续性动词。

(2)与否定句连用,必须是非延续性动词,表示“直到。。。才,在。。。之前不。。。”。

注意:not until可用于强调句和倒装句

强调句:It is/was not until…that…倒装句:not until 放句首时,主句要部分倒装。

6、since的用法

(1)since后是非延续性动词,时间起点从该动作发生算起,意为“做某事多久了”;since后是延续性动词,时间起点从该动作结束算起,意为“不做某事已有多长时间”。

(2)It is/has been +时间段+since+一般过去时

7、表示“一......就......”的句型

(1)as soon as, once,immediately,directly,instantly,the moment,the minute等引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作随即发生,常译作“一。。。就。。。”,这类从句中,经常用一般现在时态代替将来时态。

(2)on doing sth.或“on one’s+名词”作时间状语。

8、有些名词和副词可以起连接词的作用,引导时间状语从句。

注意:时间状语从句中不用将来时态。若要表示将来时间,可用一般现在时态表示。但when引导名词性从句时,从句中要使用将来时。

二、地点状语从句

1、地点状语从句由where,wherever引导。

注意:where与where的区别:Where表特定的地点,而wherever表示非特定的地点。

Wherever=to/at any place where

2、地点状语从句与定语从句的区别

Where引导定语从句时,从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词;而状语从句前则无先行词。

三、原因状语从句

引导词:because, since,as, now that, not that…, but that…, seeing that, considering that, in that

注意:for也可以表示原因,属并列连词,但不是说明直接原因,而是对某种情况加以推断,用于表示补充说明理由。

四、目的状语从句

引导词:so, so that, in order that, that, to the end that(以便,为了),in case,for fear that,lest(以免,以防),

目的状语从句中通常有情态动词can,could,may,might,should,would等。

注意:1、in case 还可表示“万一,假如”。

2、目的状语从句可以用so as to, in order to 等不定式代替,但主句和从句的主语必须一致。

五、结果状语从句

引导词:so...that(如此。。。以至于。。。),such...that(如此。。。以至于。。。),so that(结果是),with the result that(所以,结果是)

注意:(1)so...that与such...that的区别

So+形容词such+a/an+形容词+单数名词

So+形容词+a/an+单数名词such+形容词+复数名词

So+副词such+形容词+不可数名词

So many/few+复数名词

So much/little+不可数名词

(2)so that引导的目的状语从句与so that 引导的结果状语从句

目的状语从句一般使用情态动词,结果状语从句一般不使用情态动词;

结果状语从句常常用逗号与主句分开。

(3)so...that与so...as;such...that与such...as

So...that/such...that为结果状语从句;so...as/such...as为定语从句。

六、条件状语从句

引导词:if(如果),unless(除非),if only(只要,但愿),only if(只有),in case(万一),suppose/supposing(that)

(假设),provided/providing(that)(只要,假若),on condition that(要是,在。。。条件下),so/as long as(只要),(let's/let us)say(假设)

七、方式状语从句

引导词:as(像。。。一样,正如。。。),as if/as though(好像,宛如)

注意:1、固定句型A is to B what C is to D.意为“A对B而言正如C对D一样”。

2、as if, as though引导的从句若与事实相反,用虚拟语气;若与事实相符,不用虚拟语气。

八、让步状语从句

引导词:though/although/as(虽然,尽管),even if/though(即使,尽管),whether/no matter whether...or(not)

(不管。。。是否,不管是。。。还是)wh-ever/no matter wh-(无论。。。)

注意:(1)though,although,as的区别

A、Though,although的主句中可以用yet, still, nevertheless,但不可使用but。

B、though引导的从句可以倒装,也可以不倒装;as引导的从句必须倒装;although引导的从句不能倒装。

其结构为:形容词/分词/副词/动词原形/名词(无冠词)+as/though+主语+谓语……

(2)though可用作副词,放在句末,意为“不过,但是”。Although无此用法。

(3)某些短语也引导让步的从句或短语,意为“尽管”,如:in spite of the fact that, despite the fact that, regardless of(the fact that)

九、比较状语从句

引导词:as...as(和。。。一样),not as/so...as(和。。。不一样),than(比),the more...the more...(越。。。越。。。)

十、状语从句中的省略问题

1、在状语从句中如果主语与主句的主语一致,同时从句中又含有系动词be,则通常可省去从句的主语和系动词be,留下其余部分。

2、若状语从句中主语是it, 动词是系动词be, 则通常可省去主语it及系动词be,留下其余部分。

专题三:名 词 性 从句

一、that 从句

1、主语从句

(1)that从句作主语时,常用it作形式主语,常见的句型有:

It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that从句

It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句

It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that从句

(2)that可以省略,但that从句位于句首时,that不能省略。

2、宾语从句

(1)常见的可以接that从句作宾语的动词有see, say, know, imagine, discover, believe, tell, show, think, consider, be sure, be afraid等。在可以接复合宾语的动词之后,如think, make, consider等,可以用it作形式宾语。

(2)That从句一般不能充当介词宾语,偶尔可作except, in 的宾语。

3、表语从句(that不可省略)

4、同位语从句

连词that引导同位语从句时,应在某些抽象名词之后,如:fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, news, problem, possibility等,对前面的名词起补充说明的作用,that在从句中不担当任何成分,不能省略。

二、whether/if从句

1、在表语从句和同位语从句中只能用whether不能用if;当主语从句放于句首时,只能用whether不用if;当it作形式主语,主语从句放在句末时用whether或if均可;discuss后引导宾语从句时,必须用whether。

2、在宾语从句中:

(1)及物动词后:whether从句中不能有否定式,宾语从句为否定句时用if;if不能与or not连用,但可以用whether or not;whether后可以加不定式。

(2)介词后:只能用whether,不用if。

三、特殊疑问词引导的从句

1、主语从句:特殊疑问词引导主语从句时,常用it作形式主语。

2、宾语从句

(1)常见的能接特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的动词有see, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, show, discuss, understand, inform, advise等。

(2)作介词宾语。

3、同位语从句、表语从句

四、名词性关系从句

What=the thing(s) which/that, whoever=anyone who, whichever=anyone/anything that, whatever=anything that, where=the place where, when=the time when

1. 考查never置于句首时的倒装

当否定副词never置于句首时,其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。如:(答案分别为BA)

(1) Never in my wildest dreams _________ these people are living in such poor conditions. (安徽卷)

A. I could imagine B. could I imagine

C. I couldn’t imagine D. couldn’t I imagine

(2) Never before _________ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today. (上海卷)

A. has this city been B. this city has been

C. was this city D. this city was

2. 考查little置于句首时的倒装

当否定副词little置于句首时,其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。如:(答案分别为DD)

(1) Little _________ that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business. (安徽卷)

A. he realized B. he didn’t realize

C. didn’t he realize D. did he realize

(2) They have a good knowledge of English but little _________ they know about German (天津卷)

A. have B. did C. had D. do

3. 考查seldom置于句首时的倒装

当否定副词seldom置于句首时,其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。如:(答案分别为BA)

(1) Seldom _________ any apology when mistakes are made.

A. we receive B. do we receive

C. we received D. did we receive

(2) Seldom _________ an article that was so full of lies.

A. have I read B. I have read C. had I read D. I had read.

4. 考查hardly / scarcely置于句首时的倒装

当否定副词hardly, scarcely等置于句首时,其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同) 。如:(答案为A)

Hardly _________ Edinburgh than they were ordered to return to London.

A. had they reached B. they had reached

C. have the reached D. they have reached

5. 考查no sooner等置于句首时的倒装

当no sooner, no longer等结构置于句首时,其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同) 。如:(答案分别为AC)

(1) —Did Linda see the traffic accident?

—No, no sooner _________ than it happened. (天津卷)

A. had she gone B. she had gone

C. has she gone D. she has gone

(2) No sooner _________ mowing the lawn than it started raining.

A. have I started B. I have started

C. had I started D. I had started

6. 考查nowhere置于句首时的倒装

当否定副词nowhere置于句首时,其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。如:(答案为A)

Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else _________such a beautiful place. (辽宁卷)

A. can you find B. you could find

C. you can find D. could you find

7. 考查by no means等置于句首时的倒装

当表示否定意义的副词性短语by no mearns, on no accounts, in no case, at no time等置于 句首时,其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。如:(答案为D)

I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means _________ with my progress. (重庆卷)

A. the teacher is not satisfied B. is the teacher not satisfied

C. the teacher is satisfied D. is the teacher satisfied

8. 考查not only置于句首时的倒装

当not only…but also句式的not only部分置于句首时,其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一 般疑问句形式相同)。如:(答案为B)

_________ snacks and drinks but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. (上海)

A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring

C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring

9. 考查not until置于句首时的倒装

当not…until句式转换成not until且置于句首时,其后的主句部分习惯上要用倒装语序( 与一般疑问句形式相同)。如:(答案为B)

Not until I began to work _________ how much time I had wasted.

A. didn't I realize B. did I realize

C. I didn't realize D. I realized

10. 考查“only+状语”置于句首时的倒装

当“only+状语”置于句首时,其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。 如:(答案为DA)

(1) Only then _________ how much damage had been caused. (陕西卷)

A. she realized B. she had realized

C. had she realized D. did she realize

(2) _________ by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies. (浙江卷)

A. Only B. Just C. Still D. Yet

11. 考查“so+形容词”置于句首时的倒装

当so…that句式的“so+形容词”部分置于句首时,其后习惯上要用倒装语序( 与一般疑问句形式相同)。如:(答案为BB)

(1) _________ that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere. (陕西卷)

A. So successful her business was B. So successful was her business

C. So her business was successful D. So was her successful business

(2) So difficult _________ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. (广东卷)

A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found

12. 考查类似“so do I”结构的倒装

So do I这类结构表示的是前面提出的某一肯定的情况,后者也同样适用,通常可译为 “……也一样”“……也是如此”。如:(答案为CA)

(1) — My room gets very cold at night.

— _________. (江苏卷)

A. So is mine B. So mine is C. So does mine D. So mine does

(2) —It’s burning hot today, isn’t it?

—Yes. _________ yesterday. (福建卷)

A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it

13. 考查类似“nor / neither do I”结构的倒装

nor [neither] do I这类结构表示的是前面提出的某一否定的情况,后者也同样适用,通常可译为“……也一样”“……也是如此”。如:(答案为B)

If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party, _________. (全国II)

A. he will either B. neither will he

C. he neither will D. either he will

高中英语全部语法

13个句型

1. as 句型

(1) as引导方式状语从句句型:“按照……;正如……”

例:As(it is)in your country, we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south.

正如(像) 你们国家一样,我们北方种植小麦,南方种植水稻。

(2) as+形容词/副词原级+(a /an)+名词+as ;

否定式:not as/so --- as

例:He is as good a player as his sister.

他和他姐姐一样是位优秀的运动员。

(3) such + n. + as to do 如此……以致于……

例:She is such a fool as to believe what he said.

她是一个如此的一个笨蛋以致相信了他所说的话。

(4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如此……以致于……

例:He was so strong as to carry the heavy box.

他是如此的强壮以致于能提起那重箱子。

(5) such...as... 象……之类的…… (接名词或定语从句)

例:He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was.

他希望成为一个像雷锋这样的人。

(6) the same +名词+as 和……一样的…… (接名词或定语从句)

例:He is not the same man as he used to be.

他不是从前的那样子了。

(7) as 引导非限制性定语从句

例:As is known to us, knowledge is power.

众所周知,知识就是力量。

(8)引导时间状语从句,与while意义相近

例:We get wiser as we get older.

随着我们长大,我们也变得越来越聪明。

(9) 引导原因状语从句,与 because的用法相近

例:As it was getting very late, we soon turned back.

因为越来越迟了,所以我们不久就回来了。

(10) 引导让步状语从句

例:Child as he is, he knows much about science.

尽管他是一个小孩,但他对科学了解得很多。

2. prefer 句型

(1) prefer to do sth

例:I prefer to stay at home.

我宁愿呆在家里。

(2) prefer doing sth

例:I prefer playing in defence.

我喜欢打防守。

(3) prefer sb to do sth

例:Would you prefer me to stay?

你愿意我留下来吗?

(4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth ……

宁愿…...而不愿...

例句:I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.

我宁愿呆在家里而不愿出去.

(5) prefer doing sth to doing sth

例:I prefer watching football to playing it.

我喜欢看篮球,不喜欢打篮球。

(6) prefer sth to sth

例:I prefer tea to coffee.

我要茶不要咖啡。

3. when 句型

(1) be doing sth...when...

例:He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.

他正笑着的时候门突然开了,他妻子走了进来。

(2) be about to do sth ... when ...

例:We were about to start when it began to rain.

我们刚要出发,天就开始下雨了。

(3) had just done ... when ...

例:I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang.

在劳累了一天之后我刚刚就寝,电话铃就响了。

4. seem 句型

(1) It +seems + that从句

例:It seemed that everyone was satisfied.

看来好像每个人都很满意。

(2) It seems to sb that ...

例:It seems to me that she is right.

我看她是对的,

(3) There seems to be ...

例:There seems to be a heavy rain.

看上去要有一场大雨。

(4) It seems as if ...

例:It seemed that she couldn't come to class.

看样子她不能来上课了。

5. 表示“相差……;增加了……;增加到……”句型

(1) She is taller than I by three inches.

她比我高三英寸

(2) There is one year between us.

我们之间相差一岁。

(3) She is three years old than I.

她比我大三岁。

(4) They have increased the price by 50%.

他们把价格上涨了50%

(5) His salary has rised to 10,000 yuan per month.

他的工资已经涨到了每月10,000元。

6. what 引导的名词性从句

(1) what 引导主语从句

例:What surprised me is that everybody seemed to be very indifferent to her.

让我吃惊的是每个人似乎对她都很冷淡。

[ indifferent adj.不关心的;冷漠的]

(2) what 引导宾语从句

例:We can learn what we do not know.

我们能学会我们不懂的东西。

(3) what 引导表语从句

例:That is what I want.

那正是我所要的。

(4) what 引导同位语从句

例:I have no idea what they are talking about.

我不知道他们正在谈论什么。

7. too句型

(1) too ... to do ...

例:Politics is too important to be left to the politicians.(=Politics is so important that it can't be left to the politicians.)

政治太重要了,不能由政治家来决定。

(2) only too ... to do ...

例:I shall be only too pleased to get home.

我要回到家里就非常高兴。

(3) too + adj + for sth

例:These shoes are much too small for me.

我穿这双鞋太小了。

(4) too + adj + a + n.

例:This is too difficult a text for me. 这篇课文对我来说太难了。

(5) can't … too +形容词 无论……也不为过

例:We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.

我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。

8. where 句型

(1) where 引导的定语从句

例:This is the house where he lived last year.

这就是他去年住过的房子。

(2) where 引导的状语从句

例:Where there is a will,there is a way.

有志者事竟成。

He left his key where he could find.

他将钥匙放在易找到的地方。

I will go where I want to go.

我要去我想去的地方。

(3) where 引导的表语从句

例:This is where you are wrong.

这正是你错的地方。

9. wish 句型

(1) wish that sb did sth 希望某人现在做某事

例:I wish I were as strong as you.

我希望和你一样强壮。

(2) wish that sb had done sth 希望某人过去做某事

例: I wish you had told me earlier

要是你早点告诉我就好了。

(3) wish that sb would/could do sth 希望某人将来做某事

例:I wish you would succeed this time.

我希望你这次会成功。

10. would rather 句型

(1) would rather do sth than do sth 宁愿做……而不愿做……

例:She would rather die than turn against his motherland.

她宁可死也不去背叛祖国。

(2) would rather have done sth 宁愿过去做过某事

例:I would rather have taken his advice.

我宁愿过去接受他的意见。

(3) would rather sb had done sth 宁愿某人过去做过某事

例:I would rather I had passed the examination last week.

我真希望通过上星期的考试。

(4) would rather sb did sth 宁愿某人现在或将来做某事

例: Who would you rather went with you?

你宁愿谁和你一起去?

11. before 句型

(1) before sb can/ could … 某人还没来得及……

例:Before I could get in a word ,he had measured me.

我还没来得及插话,他就给我量好了尺寸。

(2) It will be +时间+ before + 还有多长时间……

例:It will be 4 years before he graduates.

他还有四年时间变毕业了。

(3) had done some time before (才……)

例:We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.

我们航行了四天四夜才见到陆地。

(4) had not done ... before ... 不到……就……

例:We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.

我们还没走到一英里路就觉得累了。

(5) It was not +一段时间+ before 不多久就……

例:It wasn’t two years before he left the country.

还没到两年他们离开了那国家。

12. 强调句型

(1) It is /was +被强调部分+that(who)...

例:It was I who wrote to my uncle yesterday.

是我昨天给我叔叔写信的。

(2) Is/was it + 被强调部分 + that (who) ...

例:Was it your brother that you met in the street?

在街上你遇见的是你兄弟吗?

(3) Where/who/what/how等特殊疑问词 + is/was it that ...

例:How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow?

明天你究竟怎样去看望她?

(4) do/does/did +谓语动词 (强调谓语)

例:They do know the place well.

他们的确很熟悉那个地方。

13. 用于表示过去未实现的希望和计划的句型

(1)would like to/ would love to have done sth.

例:I would like to have written to you.

我本想给你写信的。

(2) was / were going to do sth.(用过去将来时态表示原打算做什么)

例:Lucy was going to watch a basketball match.

Lucy 原打算看一场篮球比赛。

高中英语必背的考试常用句型有哪些,以下是我整理的一系列相关内容,供您参考,欢迎阅读。

句型1: would rather that somebody did…“宁愿 ;更愿意 ”(表示现在或将来的愿望);would rather that somebody had done…“宁愿 ;更愿意 ”(表示过去的愿望)

[例句]I’d rather you posted the letter right now. 我想让你现在去寄信。

I’d rather you were not a celebrated actor. In that case, we could spend more time together.

我到情愿你不是个知名演员,这样我们可以有更多的时间在一起。

I’d rather that I hadn’t seen her yesterday. 我情愿昨天没有看到她。

句型2: as if/though+主语+did/had done…好像 (表示现在或将来的情况用过去时;表示过去的情况用过去完成时)

[例句]Our head teacher treats us as if we were her own children, so all the students in our class thinkighly of her.

Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there. Alan谈起罗马来就好像他去过那里似的。

句型3: “wish +宾语从句”,表示不大 可能实现的愿望;表示现在的愿望:主语+过去时;表示过去的愿望:主语+had done;表示将来的愿望:主语+would/could do

[例句]:How I wish we students had more free time to relax ourselves! 我们学生多么希望有更多的自由时间放松自己!

I failed in the maths exam. How I wish I hadn’t wasted so much time playing!

What a pity you can’t go to the party. How I wish I could dance with you at the party!

句型4: It’s high/about time that somebody did (should do) (should通常不省略) …早就该

[例句]:It’s time that you went to school.= It’s time that you should go to school.

It’s high time that we did something to improve our environment. 该是我们为环保做些事情了。

I think it’s high time that she made up her mind. 我想她该拿定主意了。

句型5: 情态动词+动词不定式完成结构的用法。could have done “本来可以 ”(表示过去没有实现的可能)。might have done “本来可能 ;本来应该或可以做某事”(实际没有发生;含有轻微的责备语气。

should/ought to have done “本来该做某事”(而实际未做)

should not/ought not to have done “本来不该做”(实际却做过了,含有责备语气)

needn’t have done “本来不必做”(但是已经做过了)

would rather have done “当时宁愿做了某事”(实际没有做过);否定式would rather not

have done表达相反意思,两者都有表示“后悔”之意。

1. allow sb to do sth 允许某人去做某事(后接动词不定式)

My father allowed me to go out for a walk after finishing my homework.

2. asked sb (not) to do sth 叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事)

My father asked me to study hard.

He asked me not to swim alone.

be asked to do sth 被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事

I was asked to have a dinner with them yesterday.

3. be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事

She is afraid to ask me questions.

4. be afaid of doing sth 害怕做某事

I am afraid of going out at night.

5. be afaid of sth 害怕某物

He is afraid of snakes.

6. be amazed to do sth 对做某事感到惊讶

He was amazed to meet the girl there.

be amazed at sth 对某事感到惊讶

they were amazed at the news.

1. absence n. 缺席,不在场,缺乏

2. absorb vt. 吸收,使专心

3. abstract a. 抽象的 n.摘要

4. academic a. 学院的,学术的

5. access n. 接近,通道,入口

6. accordingly ad. 因此,依照

7. account n. 记述,解释,帐目

8. accurate a. 准确的,正确无误的

9. accuse vt. 指责,归咎于

10. actor n. 男演员

11. actress n. 女演员

12. actual a. 实际的,现行的

13. adapt vt. 使适应,改编

14. admire vt. 钦佩,羡慕,赞赏

15. admit vt. 承认,准许…进入

16. adopt vt. 收养,采用,采取

17. adult n. a. 成年人 a.成年的

18. advance vi. n. 前进,提高 n.进展

19. adventure n. 冒险,惊险活动

20. affair n. 事情,事件,事务

21. affect vt. 影响,感动

22. afterward (s) ad. 后来,以后,后

23. agent n. 代理人,代理商

24. agriculture n. 农业,农艺,农学

25. ahead ad. 在前,向前,提前

26. aid n. 帮助,救护,助手

27. aim vi. 瞄准,针对,致力

28. aircraft n. 飞机,飞行器

29. alarm n. 惊恐,忧虑,警报

30. album n. 集邮本,照相簿,唱片

高考英语必背语法

不学自知,不问自晓,古今行事,未之有也。少年读书,如隙中窥月;中年读书,如庭中望月;老年读书,如台上玩月。皆以阅历之深浅,为所得之深浅耳。以下是我给大家整理的 高三英语 必掌握必备知识点归纳,希望能帮助到你!

高三英语必掌握必备知识点归纳1

1. access to 接近,进入(某地的) 方法 ; 通路

The only access to that building is along that muddy track.

到那栋建筑的通路是沿着那条泥泞的路走。

2. according to 按照,依照,视……而定

The work was done according to his instructions.

那工作是依照他的指示做的。

3. be addicted to 沉溺于……,对……上瘾

He became addicted to the drug.

他上了毒瘾。

4. belong to 属于

This dictionary belongs to me.

这本词典是我的。

5. contribute to 为……做贡献,为……撰稿

Everyone should contribute what he or she can afford to society.

人人都应该尽自己的能力为社会做贡献。

6. devote to 献身,致力于……

He has devoted his life to helping disabled people.

他一生献身于帮助残疾人。

7. due to 因为,由于……而起

His lateness was due to the very heavy traffic on the motorway.

他迟到是因高速公路上车辆过多所致。

8. be equal to 与……相当,有能力胜任……的

Bill is quite equal to running the office.

比尔的能力足以管理这个部门。

9. get close to 靠近,接近

Today many people like to go out to get close to nature.

如今许多人喜欢到户外去接近大自然。

10. get down to 开始做某事,认真处理某事

It’s time I got down to some serious work.

我该认真干点正事了。

11. hold to 忠于……,坚持,遵循

Whatever your argument, I shall hold to my decision.

不管你怎样争辩,我将坚持我的决定。

12. help oneself to 自取,自用(食物,饮料等)

Help yourself to a cigarette.

请随便用香烟吧。

13. look forward to 盼望,期待

We are so much looking forward to seeing you again.

我们非常盼望再见到你。

14. lead to 导致

This misprint led to great confusion.

这个印刷错误造成很大的混淆。

15. prefer…to…两者间更喜欢……

I prefer walking to cycling.

我愿意步行,不愿意骑自行车。

16. pay attention to 注意

Pay attention to what the teacher is talking about!

注意老师说的话!

17. refer to 提到,涉及到,关系到,参考,查阅

What I have to say refers to all of you.

我要说的事和你们大家都有关。

18. relate to 与……有关,涉及……

Wealth is seldom related to happiness.

财富鲜于幸福有关。

19. see to 照看或处理某事物

Will you see to the arrangements for the next committee meeting?

你来处理下次委员会会议安排,好吗?

20.stick to 坚持,不改变或不放弃

We don’t want to hear your opinions; stick to the facts!

我们不想听你的想法,只讲事实!

21.turn to 转向,求助于,转而做

The more depressed he got, the more he turned to drink.

他情绪越低落越是借酒浇愁。

22.used to 习惯于……,适应……

She is quite used to working hard.

她很习惯做艰苦的工作。

高三英语必掌握必备知识点归纳2

一、重要单词用法例析

1. below prep. & adv. 在……下面,低于

Do not write below the line. 不要该横线下写字。

I live on the floor below. 我住在下一层。

2. concentrate vt. & vi. 集中于,专注

I tried my best to concentrate my thoughts on the problem. 我努力让自己集中思想在这个问题上。

3. meanwhile adv. 在此其间,与此同时

The train won’t leave for an hour. Meanwhile we can have lunch. 火车还有一个小时才开,其间我们可以吃中饭。

Tom was at home studying. Meanwhile, Jon was out playing. Tom在家学习,与时同时Jon外出玩耍。

搭配:in the meanwhile同时,在此期间

In the meanwhile I’ll visit an old friend of mine. 在这期间我将去 拜访 我的一位老朋友。

4. gifted adj. 有天分的; 有天赋的

He is a gifted musician. 他是天才音乐家。

5. seldom adv. 很少

There is seldom snow in Guangdong. 广东很少下雪。

He seldom goes out on Sundays, does he? 星期天他很少出去,对吗?

Seldom has there been such a happy meeting. 过去很少有过这样愉快的会议。

注意:(1)其后的反意疑问句用肯定式;(2)位于句首时,谓语用部分倒装。

6. occupation n. 职业;占用,占据

Teaching is me occupation. 教书是我的职业。

The old house is under my occupation. 这所旧宅现已为我所有。

辨析:occupation表示职业,较为正式,常用于表格;work工作,不可数名词;job职业,可数名词,可指单独一个任务,也可指工作职位;profession工作,是指需要特别技能/训练和高等 教育 的工作;trade是指手艺工。

7. eager adj. 渴望的,热切的

She is eager to go home. 她很想回家。

He is eager for a computer. 他渴望有台电脑。

辨析:be anxious to do sth 急于做……(强调着急)

8. acquire vt. 获得,取得

She acquired a knowledge of the English by careful study. 她认真学习而精通英语。

9. deny vt. 不认,拒绝

He denied telling me. =He denied that he had told me. 他否认他告诉过我。

注意:后接动词作宾语时,只能用-ing形式。

10. employ vt. 雇用,使用

We employed a cook. 我们雇用了一个厨师。

How do you employ your spare time? 你是怎样利用你的空余时间的?

He is employed in watering the flowers. 他正忙于给花浇水。

11. cover vt. 盖,遍布,走,采访

The Red Army covered 500 kilometers one day. 红军一天要行走500公里。

All the papers like to cover the affairs of the famous persons. 很多报纸喜欢报道名人的韵事。

二、词组句型用法例析

1. accuse … of… 控告某人犯某罪

I accused Donny of stealing money. 我控告Donny偷盗。

2. so as to (do sth.) 为了……

We got up early so as to catch the first train. 我们早起以便坐上第一班车。

辨析:so as to…不能位于句首,此时可用in order to…

In order not to be late for school, we must get up early. 为了上学不迟到,我们须早起。

3. defend…against… 防卫……免受……

Our duty is to defend our country against the enemies. 我们的职责是保卫我们的国家免受敌人的侵袭。

4. have a nose for sth. 有探查或发现某事物的能力新课标第一网

That reporter has a nose for news. 那位记者对新闻特别敏感。

5. the same…as…./such…as…

He is such a kind man as all like. 他是个人人喜欢的善良的人。(as作like的宾语)

注:在定语从句中,先行词中包含有the same, such, so等时,要用as来引导;关系代词as在定语从句中作主语或宾语等。

比较:He is such a kind man that all like him. (that不作任何 句子 成分)

三、课文长句难句剖析

If the person being interviewed agrees, we sometimes use small recorders to make sure that we get all our facts straight.

剖析:being interviewed是现在分词的被动式做定语,修饰the person,相当于定语从句who is being interviewed;不定式 短语 to make sure that…作目的状语;句中的straight是副词,意为“直接地”。

译文:如果得到被采访人允许,我们有时使用小型录音机,保证我们能够直接记录下全部事实。

四、语法知识归纳

1. 全部倒装

就是将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。全部倒装通常用于:

(1)here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首时

Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。

Here is your letter. 你的信。

(2)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首时

Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹。

Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老妪。

高三英语必掌握必备知识点归纳3

link A to B 将A和B连接起来

refer to

1)提及,指的是……

e.g. When he said “some students”, do you think he wasreferring to us?

2) 参考;查阅;询问

e.g. If you don'tunderstand a word you may refer to your dictionaries.

Please refer to the lastpage of the book for answers.

3) 关系到;关乎

e.g. What I have to sayrefers to all of you.

This rule refers toeveryone.

reference: n. 参考

e.g. reference books 参考书

7. to one's surprise (prep)

“to one's + 名词”表“令某人……”

常见的名词有“delight, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment 等

e.g. I discovered, to myhorror, that the goods were entirely unfit for sale.

To John's great relief theyreached the house at last.

8. ... found themselves united peacefully

“find +宾语+宾补( adj; adv; v-ing; pp; 介词短语;不定式)”

e.g. A cook will beimmediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.

You'll find him easy to getalong with.

They found themselvestrapped by the bush fire.

When I woke up, I foundmyself in hospital.

I called on him yesterday,but I found him out.

9. get sth done =have sthdone 使某事被做…….

e.g. I'll just get thesedishes washed and then I'll come.

get + n. + to do

get + n. + doing

You'll get her to agree.

I'll get the car going.

get done: 用于意想不到、突然或偶然发生,意为“被…….”

e.g. Be careful when youcross this very busy street.

10.break away (from sb /sth) 脱离;破除…

e.g. It is not easy for himto break away from bad habits.

The man broke away from hisguards.

break down (会谈)破裂,失败;(汽车等)出故障;(人的健康状况)变得恶劣;(情感)失控

e.g. His car broke down onthe way to work this morning.

His health broke down underthe pressure of work.

He broke down and wept whenhe heard the news.

Talks between the twocountries have completely broken down.

break in 闯入;打岔

break off 中断,折断

break into 闯入

break out 爆发;发生

break up 驱散;分散,拆散

11. as well as 不仅…而且;既…又…

e.g. He is a teacher aswell as a writer.

The children as well astheir father were seen playing football in the street.

12.convenience: n.方便;便利

e.g. We bought this housefor its convenience.

convenient: adj.

13. attraction:

1). 吸引;引力(不可数 n.)

2). 吸引人的东西;喜闻乐见的东西;精彩节目(可数 n.)

e.g. attraction ofgravitation 重力

He can't resist theattraction of the sea on a hot day.

A big city offers many andvaried attractions.

What are the principleattractions this evening?

attract: v.

14.influence

1) v. 对…产生影响

e.g. What influence you tochoose a career in teaching?

2)可数n. 产生影响的人或事

e.g. He is one of the goodinfluences in the school.

3) (不可数n.) 影响

e.g. A teacher has greatinfluence over his pupils.

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高考英语11大语法总结

老师叮咛:李辉老师说,想要提高语法,搞明白语法的本质是关键!下面的11个语法总结,值得同学们去理解!这经过了全网首席高考英语名师李辉老师团队高度认真地整理校对,无错、可信!可供全国各省高中生打印、背诵 !

专题五 情态动词

一、can和could

1、can的用法

(1)表示体力和脑力方面的能力。

(2)表示对现在的动作或状态进行主观的猜测,主要用在否定句和疑问句中。

(3)表示可能性,理论上的可能性,意为“有时候可能会”,可用于肯定句。

(4)表示允许,意思与may接近。

(5)表示说话人的推测、怀疑、惊异、猜测或不肯定等,主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。

(6)can的特殊句型

cannot…too / enough表示“无论怎么....也不过分”。“越....越好”。

cannot but+ do sth.表示“不得不,只好”。

2、could的用法

(1)表示能力,指的是过去时间。

(2)表示允许,指的是过去时间。

(3)表示可能,可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,表示语气缓和。

(4)委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法,指的是现在时间。主要用于疑问句,回答时用can。

3、can与could的区别

can表推测时只用于否定句和疑问句(could无此限制)。couldn’t的可能性比can’t小。

4、can与be able to的区别

(1)现在时:无区别,但后者不常用。

(2)完成时;can没有完成时,此时要用have(has,had)been able to。

(3)将来时:can没有将来时,要用will be able to。

(4)过去时:could表示一般能力,was/were able to 表示在具体场合通过努力成功做成某事的能力。

二、may 和might

1、may的用法

(1)表示询问或说明一件事可不可以做。

(2)表示一件事或许会发生或某种情况可能会存在,通常用在肯定句和否定句中。

注意:表示可能性时,can’t语气强,表示“不可能”,may not语气弱,表示“可能不”。

2、might的用法

(1)表示询问或允许,指的是过去时间。

(2)表示可能发生的事,可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,语气更加不肯定,可能性比may小一些。

3、may与might的特殊用法

(1)“may+主语+动词原形”表示祝愿。

(2)“may/ might well+动词原形”表示(完全)能,很可能。

(3)“may/ might as well+动词原形”表示最好,满可以,倒不如。

(4)may be 是“情态动词+系动词be”结构,表示“可能有,可能在”,否定式为may not be。

maybe是一个词,为副词,意为“大概,或许,可能”,在句中作状语。

三、must的用法

1、表示“必须”,多强调说话人的主观看法。

2、must和have to 的区别:

(1)must表示说话人的义务或说话人主观认为“必须,应当”做某事;have to表示由于某种外界原因而“必须,不得不”做某事。即must侧重说明主观看法,have to强调客观需要。

(2)must只有一种形式,可用于现在、过去或将来时,但have to有不同的形式,可用于不同的时态。

(3)在否定句中,don’t need to, don’t have to, needn’t表示没有义务;mustn’t表示禁止。

3、must的否定形式must not/ mustn’t 意为“不许,禁止”,表示绝对禁止。若表示“没必要,不必”,应使用needn’t或don’t have to。

注意:对must作否定回答时,不用mustn’t,用needn’t或don’t have to。

4、must 表示“偏偏”,指令人不快的事情。

5、must用来表示推测,意为i“准是,肯定是”,一般用于肯定句,肯定程度比may,might大得多。

四、need的用法

1、need用作情态动词,后面接动词原形,通常用在否定句和疑问句中。

2、回答need时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。

3、need用作实义动词时,有时态、人称和数的变化,后面加to do。

4、need to do和need doing

need to do中不定式的逻辑主语就是主句的主语;need doing是主动形式表示被动含义,即need前的主语就是need后面的动词所表示的动作的承受者。

注意:want和require作“需要”讲时,和need的用法相同。

5、needn’t have done与didn’t need to do

needn’t have done表示过去本不必做但实际上却做了某事

didn’t need to do表示过去不必做而实际上也没做某事

五、dare的用法

1、dare用作情态动词,后面接动词原形,通常用在否定句和疑问句和条件句中;它没有人称和数的变化,但有过去式(dared)。

2、dare用作实义动词时,有时态、人称和数的变化,后面加to do。

注意:(1)I dare say意为“我认为,我相信,很可能”。

(2)dare用作实义动词时,表示“敢冒(危险),不俱”。

(3)dare可用于即将或挑战。例:He dared me to jump down.

六、will和would

1、will的用法

(1)可以表示主观意志、意愿,可用于各种人称。

(2)可以表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性等,意为“经常,惯于,总是”。

(3)表示命令(说话者确信命令一定会得到执行)或允诺。

(4)will可用于祈使句的附加疑问句。

(5)用于疑问句,表“邀请,请求”,常与第二人称you连用。

2、would的用法

(1)作为will的过去时态,用于过去时中,表示主观愿望或意志,意为“愿意,执意”。

(2)用于第二人称,表示谦恭地请求或征求意见,比will更为客气。

(3)表示过去的习惯,后接动词原形,意为“总是,总会”。

(4)would表意愿用于词组中。

Would like “喜欢,想要”(=would love)

Would rather “宁愿”。

七、shall和should

1、shall的用法

(1)shall用于第一、三人称陈述句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。

(2)shall用于第二、第三人称陈述句中,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。

(3)用于所有人称,表示规章、法令、语言等,可译为“必须”。

2、should的用法

(1)表示义务、责任或劝告、建议、命令等,意为“应该”。

(2)表示有一定根据的推测、推论或可能性,意为“可能,该”(肯定的语气没有must表推测时强)。

(3)多用于疑问句中,表示惊讶、难以相信或不应该的事。

(4)ought to和should的比较

A、ought to也可以表示推论、可能性,和should用法一样。

B、在省略回答中,ought to中的to可以省略。

C、should和ought to表示做正确的事情或理应做的事情。

be supposed to 意为“被期望,应该”,表示被期望发生或根据安排、要求做某事,或认为做某事是正常的。

八、had better 意为“最好”,’d better 为其缩写形式,其后续跟动词原形。

注意:had better 的否定形式had better not .

九、used to “过去常常”,仅用于过去时态中,通常用于所有人称。

1、used to +动词原形,表示过去(有规律的)习惯或过去某一时期的状况,但现在已不存在。

2、其反意疑问句简略回答中,也有两种形式:didn’t ,use(d)n’t

3、used to 和would的区别

(1)used to 可表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态,而would仅表示过去习惯性或重复性的动作。

(2)used to 强调过去的行为同现在的对比,含有“过去如此,现在已不再这样了”之意。Would仅表示过去习惯性动作,没有预先在对比的含义。

(3)used to不能跟表确定时间段的时间状语连用。

(4)used to 可用于无人称句和存在句,而would则不可。

4、used to与be used to do和be used to doing

(1)used to表示“过去常常”隐含现在不这样了,其中to是不定式符号,后跟动词原形,仅用于过去时态。

(2)be/get/become used to 表示“习惯于”时,意为“变得习惯于“或“开始习惯于”。

(3)be used to do表示“被用来”。

十、情态动词后的某些动词形式

1、情态动词+have done

(1)“must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测,译成“一定做过某事”,该结构只用于肯定句。

(2)“can't+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测,译成“不可能做过某事”。

(3)“can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑,用于疑问句,译成“可能做过……吗?”

(4)“could+have+done”是虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。

(5)“may+have+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测,意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”,用于肯定句中。

(6)“might+have+done”表示对过去事情的推测,might与may意思相同,多用于虚拟语气结构中;还可以表示“本来可能……”。

(7)“would+have+done”虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是“本来会做”。

(8)“should+have+done”意思是“本来应该做某事,而实际没做。” “shouldn't + have+done”表示本来不应该做某事,而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。

(9)“ought to+have+done”表示过去应该做而实际并没有做,译成“理应做……”,往往表示遗憾。与“should+have+done”用法基本一样。

(10)“need+have+done”表示本来需要做某事而没有做。“needn't+have+done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。

2、情态动词+be doing:表示对现在正在做的事情的推测。

十一、含有某些情态动词的反义疑问句

1、must

当must表示命令时,反义疑问句用needn’t。

动词当must表示推测时,反意疑问句与实际情况保持一致,即与把must删掉后的陈述句的反意疑问句保持一致。

2、can’t

当can’t表示没能力做某事时,反义疑问句用can sb.

当can’t用于表推测时,反意疑问句由实际情况决定,即由去掉can’t后的真实陈述句决定。

高一英语语法必背

高一英语必修一语法要点一. 一般现在时1. 表示主语现在所处的状态及其所具备的特征、性格、能力等例如:I am a girl.2. 表示习惯性、经常性的动作例如:I usually go to bed at 9:00.3. 标志性的词语Always often sometimes now and then 4. 若助于为第三人称单数(he she it)则动词要用单三现二. 现在进行时1. 说话时正在进行的动作例如:I am reading.2.表示即将发生的动作,多用于go come start leave return arrive stay fly等词语之中,句子中常常有时间状语例如:The plane is going to Beijing.3.当句子中出现了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、All the time等例如:I am always thinking of you.三. 倍数比较1.A+系动词+倍数词+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B例如:The class is twice as big as that one.2.A+系动词+倍数词+adj\adv的比较级+than+B例如:The class is twice bigger than that class.3.A+系动词+倍数词+the size\amount(数量)\ength\width\height\depth\+of+B例如:The class is twice the size of that class.四. With的复合结构1. With+宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语根据逻辑意义的不同可以是不同的词语,如形容词、现在分词、过去分词、副词、介词短语、不定式等,with在复合结构中常作状语2.常用结构○1with+宾语+doing表主动与进行例如:Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.○2with+宾语+done表被动与完成例如:With all things she need bought,she went home.○3with+宾语+to do表将来例如:With so many thing to deal with.五. 现在完成进行时现在完成进行时1.基本表达式(I have been doing ) I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth. he/ she/ it has been doing sth. 2.表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,并且还将持续下去。 The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. 中国有2000年的造纸历史。(动作还将继续下去) I have been learning English since three years ago. 自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。(动作还将继续下去) 3.表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。 We have been waiting for you for half an hour. 我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到,如同在电话里说的,还会继续等) 4.有些现在完成进行时的句子等同的句子。 例如:They have been living in this city for ten years. They have lived in this city for ten years. 他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。 I have been working here for five years. I have worked here for five years. 我在这里已经工作五年了。 5.大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。 例如:I have been writing a book.(动作还将继续下去) 我一直在写一本书。 I have written a book.(动作已经完成) 我已经写了一本书。 They have been building a bridge. 他们一直在造一座桥。 They have built a bridge. 他们造了一座桥。 6.表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。 例如:I have known him for years. 我认识他已经好几年了。 I have been knowing... 这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有:love爱,like喜欢, hate讨厌,等。 注意:比较过去时与现在完成时1.过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。 2.过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。 一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语 共同的时间状语: this morning, tonight,this April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately 现在完成时的时间状语 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always, 不确定的时间状语 3.现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。 例如: I saw this film yesterday. (强调看的动作发生过了。) I have seen this film. (强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了。) Why did you get up so early? (强调起床的动作已发生过了。) Who hasn't handed in his paper? (强调有卷子,可能为不公平竞争。) She has returned from Paris. 她已从巴黎回来了。 She returned yesterday. 她是昨天回来了。 He has been in the League for three years. (在团内的状态可延续) He has been a League member for three years. (是团员的状态可持续) He joined the League three years ago. ( 三年前入团,joined为短暂行为。) I have finished my homework now. ---Will somebody go and get Dr. White? ---He's already been sent for. 句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。 (错)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. (对)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 六.过去完成时1. 概念:表示过去的过去 其构成是had +过去分词构成。 那时以前 那时 现在 2. 用法 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. b. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. c. 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 3.过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 例如:He said that he had learned some English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 七.现在完成进行时1.其构成形式如下: I / we / they have been + 动词的现在分词 He / she / it has been + 动词的现在分词 功用如下: 2. 表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的行动,如: Ann is very tired. She has been working hard. Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing? 3.表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的行动,如: It has been raining for two hours. (现在还在下) Jack hasn’t been feeling very well recently. 4. 表示一个从过去开始延续到现在,可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内,重复发生的行动,如: She has been playing tennis since she was eight. 5. 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响,而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身,如: Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car. The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it. 注意: 现在完成时有否定结构、而现在完成进行时没有否定结构。 现在完成时态可表示做完的时期以及已有的经验、但现在完成进行时不可以 现在完成进行时的否定结构 现在完成进行时有时也可用否定结构。如: Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven’t been sleeping at all well. 自从上周发生了那次不幸事故之后,我一直睡得很不好. He hasn’t been working for me and I haven’t has that much contact with him. 他并没有给我工作过,我和他没有过那许多接触。 6.否定句构成: 主语+has/have+not+been+现在分词 7.一般疑问句构成: Have/has+主语+been+现在分词+其他好好努力吧!

这个好像地区不同学的也就不同吧(我四川的,刚实行课改)我们这边吧,有:完成时、定语从句、状语从句(条件、让步时间等)被动语态、一般将来时。嗯……我翻书大概看了一下,也就总结出了这些。但我想英语学的也都差不到哪去吧,应该你们也是这些语法【重点在定语、状语从句上】

在学习上,听老师讲课是获取知识的捷径。为提高课堂效率,听课时应保持精力旺盛,头脑清醒,这是学好知识的前提条件。老师就是名如其字,教会我们想不通的知识,所以请好好学习吧下面是我给大家带来的 高一英语 必修一必背知识点,希望能帮助到你!

高一英语必修一必背知识点1

1.Now imagine there has been a big earthquake. 现在,假设有一次大地震。

“There +be +主语+ 其它 成分”结构中there为引导词,本身无意义,谓语动词按照就近一致原则。其它相似句型还有:

There happen to be 碰巧有 There seems/appears to be 好像有

There is likely to be 可能有 There may/might be 也许有

There must be 一定有 There can’t be 不可能有

There is said/reported to be 据说/据报道有

There used to be 曾经有 There is sure/certain to be 一定有

2. happen to. It (so) happened that…

Did you hear what happened to David last night?

你听说大卫昨天晚上发生什么事了吗?

What will happen to the children if Peter and Alice break up?

如果彼得和爱丽丝离婚孩子们将怎么办?

I happened to see Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday.

昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。

It so happened that I saw Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday.

昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。

I happened to be out when he called. 他来访时,恰巧我出去了。

(= It happened that I was out when he called.)

I happened on just the thing I had been looking for. 我偶然发现了我所要找的东西。

3. right away毫不迟疑,立刻

He is ill; you should call in the doctor right away. 他病了, 你应该立即请大夫来。

4. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. 裂缝里冒出臭气。

5. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.

农家大院里,鸡甚至猪都紧张得不想吃食。

6. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.

但是,这个城市的一百万居民都没有把这些情况当一回事,当天晚上照常睡着了。

7. It seemed as if the world was at an end. 世界似乎到了末日。

从句表示“(在某人)看来好像;似乎”

① It seems/looks/appears as if/though…看起来好像…

② Sb./Sth. looks as if/though…(不用seem/appear)

③ There seems/appears(to be)…(不用 look)

There appears to have been a mistake. =It appears that there has been a mistake.

④ It seems so. =So it seems.看来似乎是这样。

8. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.

在可怕的15秒钟内,一座大城市就沦落为一片废墟之中。

9. Two-thirds of them died or injured during the earthquake.

三人之二的人在地震中死去或受伤。

10. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.死伤的人数达到40多万。

10. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.

有些医生和救援人员被困在废墟下面。

11. All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。该句为部分否定。All, both, everyone, everybody, everything 以及every+名词都表示全部肯定;但当not 在它们之前或之后都表示部分否定。no one, none nobody, nothing, not…any, 以及 no+名词都表示全部否定。如:

① Both of them haven’t read this story.并非他们二人都看过这个 故事 。

② All of the boys are clever, but none of them can work out this problem.

这些男孩都很聪明,但没有一个人能解出这道题。

③ All bamboo doesn’t grow tall.=Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所有的竹子都长的高。

12. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.

救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。

13. under the weight of在……重压下,迫于

14. in the open air 在户外,在野外,露天 in the air 在空中,悬而未决

15. take turns to do sth依次,轮流做某事 in turn 依次地,轮流地

It is your turn now.现在轮到你了。

No one is allowed to get his ticket out of turn. 任何人都不准不按次序买票。

16. be shocked at对……感到震惊

17. be proud of以……为自豪

18. Our office would like to have you speak to the park visitors on July 28

19. express one’s thanks to sb /for sth…对/因……表示感谢

20. without warning 毫无预兆

21. next to紧接着,相邻,次于

22. get away from…避免,摆脱,离开

23. disarster-hit areas灾区

24. raise money 募捐,筹款

25. Listening to English is a very important skill because it is only when we understand what is said to us that we can have a conversation with somebody.

听英语是一项很重要的技能,因为只有当我们懂得别人给我们说什么我们才能与他交谈。

26. It is believed that on the surface of the earth are a number of plates.

人们认为地球表面是一些板块。

27. hold up举起;托住;支撑;使停滞;耽搁;提出;阻挡;列举,推举;(理论等)经得住

Women can hold up half of the sky.妇女能顶半边天。

28. make up弥补, 虚构, 缝制, 整理, 包装, 和解, 编辑, 化妆,补足,拼凑

Farm workers make up only a small section of the population.

农民只占人口的一小部分.

The boy made up a story; it was not true. 男孩编了个故事,这故事不是真的。

29. The judge gave a prize and his congratulations to the cyclist who won the competition.裁判把奖金颁给赢得比赛的自行车选手,并向他祝贺。

30. The miners who had been trapped in the mine for two days were finally rescued.被困在煤矿里两天的矿工们最后得到了营救。

31. The reporter recognized that the girl who was so frightened was trying to avoid the question.记者意识到女孩很害怕,而且尽力地回避问题。

32. The big fire destroyed two shops which are about four blocks from here.

大火摧毁了离这儿四个街区的两个商店。

33. I can’t express how I am feeling at the moment. 我无法表达我现在的感觉。

34. It is said but true that people die in earthquakes from falling furniture and bricks. 据说但是真实的,在地震中人们死于倒落的家具和砖块。

35. be fixed to…被固定到……

36. be tied to … 被绑在……

高一英语必修一必背知识点2

一、present simple and present continuous 一般现在是和现在进行时

1,present simple: 反复进行的,经常性的动作(惯例习惯)

Eg, He watches soap operas.

及状态 I live in Budapest.

一般现在时常和下列时间状语连用:always, usually, from, time to time, twice a week, rarely, seldom, once a month, never.

2,现在进行时:说话时正在进行的动作(现在,此刻)

一定时间段内经常进行的动作

和现在进行时连用的时间状语有just, now, at the moment, at present.

二、future:arrangements and intentions 将来的安排和打算

1、be going to 表示打算要做的事情。

2、现在进行时表示已经确定或安排好事情。

Eg, I’m getting married in June.

3、一般现在是表示不可改变的官方活动或时间表

The summer term begins on the 15th of February.

三、past simple and past continues

1,psat simple :一般过去时,表示过去完成的动作或过去的情境和习惯。

Eg: She climb the stairs and went to her room.

用一般过去时要在规则动词词尾加-ed,或用不规则动词的过去式,一般过去式的疑问句和否定句用did 和didn’t 加动词原形。

2、past continuous过去进行时:过去某段时间正在进行的动作形成某些事件发生的情境动作。

Eg, It was raining during the whole match.

当过去进行时和一般过去时出现在同一个 句子 中时,过去进行时描述故事发生的背景,儿一般过去时则报道该事件。

Eg, We driving along a country lane when, suddenly a car drove past us.

Form: 过去进行时的结构是:主语+was /were +动词-ing形式。

Eg, The driver was sitting behind the wheel.

四、present perfect and past simple。现在完成时和一般过去式,现在完成时表示发生在过去的事情对现在依然有明显的影响

发生在过去的动作但是不知道动作发生的时间或对动作发生的确切时间不感兴趣。

现在完成时经常和下列时间状语连用:

Before, ever, never, already, and , yet. already 用于肯定句,yet 用于疑问句和否定句。

Venus and Serena have played each other before.(重要的事他们过去进行了比赛,但是何时比赛并不重要—现在完成时)

Venus and Serena have played each other in June 1999.( 我们知道此事发生的确切时间—一般过去时)

五、The passive 被动语态

在下列情况下使用被动语态:

1、不知道耶不需要知道谁做的这件事。

2、动作的执行者“显而易见”

3、动作本身比动作执行者更重要或不想指出谁做的这件事。

4、在书面语特别是在科技 报告 、报刊 文章 中被动语态比主动语态更正式。

Form:

Tense时态 form 形式 +past

一般现在时 am/is/are +past participle 过去分词

现在进行时 am/is/are being +pp

现在完成时 have/has been +pp

一般过去时 was/were +pp

过去进行时 was/were being +pp

六、have to/not have to, can/can’t, ought to/ought not to uses 用法:

have to 用来表示义务责任,You have to pass your test before you can drive.

Don’t have to 表达不必:We don’t have to wear uniforms at our school.

Can 用来表示允许或请求许可或者表示某事可能发生。

You can buy CDs at the market.

Can’t 表示禁止或不可能:You can’t go out tonight.

Ought to 表示应该做某事。You ought to visit your grandparents this weekend.

Ought not to 表示不应该做某事You ought not to walk alone at night.

Form 形式

can/can’t, have to/not have to 及ought to/ought not to 后用动词原形。

现在完成时,一般现在时,一般过去时

很多语言都有现在完成时态,因此常将它和一般现在时混淆,在英语中,用现在完成时描述发生在过去但对现在又影响的事件。如果涉及到过去某时间,则要用一般过去时。

如果过去事件的确切时间或日期不重要,也可以用现在完成时。

高一英语必修一必背知识点3

get on well with sb; like to be with students;

be gentle with us; be kind to sb;

be a strict teacher; be strict with one’s pupils;

be strict in work

We think of him (her) as…; help sb with sth;

praise sb for sth…; blame sb for sth..

give advice on…; question sb on…

be satisfied with…

correct the students’ homework carefully and prepare for the next day; give sb a lot of work;

try to teach sb good study habits; make one’s lessons lively and interesting; teach sb. sth.;

teach sb to do sth.

devote all one’s time to work;

admire (sb.for) his devotion to the cause of education

佩服他对于 教育 事业的献身精神。

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作者:小思本文地址:http://aiyundongfang.com/yingyuxuexibaike/34787.html发布于 09-20
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