高级英语短文改错
Christine was just a girl of my class. I never knew much about her except that she was strange . she didn’t talk much .Her hair was black and purple, and she worn black sport shoes and a blacksweater ,although in the summer .She was ,infact, rather attractive, and she never seemed to care how we thought about her .Like the rest of my classmate ,I didn’t really want to get close to her . It was only when we did their chemistry projiect together that I began to uanderstand why Christinedressed in the way she did .望笑纳啊
1.way to school.2.beside a house.3.sensed something.4.and found.5.house open.6.an old car.7.they hurried into the house(两处).8.soon the man.就这么多了,希望有帮助,呵呵~
1. while the car → when the car固定句型:...when... “正...就在那时...”2. and there → but there句意明显为转折3. wanted go off → wanted to go off固定短语:want to do sth 想要做某事4. insisted in → insisted on/upon固定短语:insist on/upon doing sth 坚持做某事5. help arrive → help arrives从句为一般现在时,主语help为单数,动词也必须用三单形式6. getting lost → get lost同前面的go into the forest并列,所以也用动词原形7. it probably → probablywhich已经代替了it的功能,做定语从句的主语8. followed a path → followed the path第二次提到此path,为特指9. were lose → were lost固定短语:be lost=get lost=lose one's way 迷路10. feel frightening → feel frightenedfrightening 令人感到害怕的;frightened 感到害怕的
无力,只会5个还不知道对不对
高中英语短文改错高级设错
短文改错对考生的要求较高,是对语言知识综合运用能力的考查,检测考生发现、判断、纠正 文章 错误的能力,进而考查学生的词法、句法及行文逻辑等方面的水平。下面给大家带来一些关于高中英语短文改错技巧,希望对大家有所帮助。
一.中英语短文改错技巧
1. 检查时态是否一致
时态错误几乎是每年高考短文改错中必设的题目。要有目的地去检查文中的每一个谓语动词的时态与上下文、语境以及该句的时间状语是否相符和一致。
2. 检查主谓是否一致
在检查谓语动词的时态和语态是否正确的同时,还要注意检查该动词在人称和数上是否与主语保持了一致。
3. 检查指代是否一致
对于短文中出现的每一个代词都要检查一下它所指代的内容以及在句中的作用,注意其数、格、词性是否正确和前后一致,包括人称代词、指标代词、反身代词、关系代词以及疑问代词等。指代错误也是高考改错题中常设的改错题。
4.检查平行结构是否平行一致
由and,or,but,either…or…,neither…nor…,not only…but also…,as well as等并列连词和词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。平行结构在词性、时态、非谓语动词的形式上往往要求前后一致。答题时要留心平行结构前后是否对等平行,这也是常设的错误。
二、短文改错解题思路和检查原则
1. 句中各部分的结构是否完整,特别是每个 句子 要有动词;
2. 谓语动词的时态、语态;
3. 非谓语动词的用法;
4. 名词的单、复数,格的使用是否正确;
5. 定冠词和不定冠词是否正确;
6. 代词的格和性的使用是否有误;
7. 定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误;
8. 并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。短文改错解题四原则:改动以最少为原则;虚词以添加或删除为原则;实词以改变词形为原则以保持句子原意为原则。短文改错解题步骤:通读全文,掌握大意;整句分析,逐行推敲。
三.实操演练
Sir or Madam,
I see your advertisement in a student magazine yesterday and I'm interesting to know more about your diving courses. First of all, I should explain that although I can swim I'm not very confident in water. But you mentioned your advertisement that your instructors are full qualified. Thus I believe they'll be able to teach someone as me to dive. I have one week's holiday in the three week of June and would like to know that there’s a course running at that time. How much does week's course cost? Finally, if I decide to go ahead, are there any special equipment I need to buy or is everything provided by your company?
I am looking forward to hear from you.
Sincerely yours,
Tom
答案:
改错:第一句: see-―saw ; interesting―interested
第三句: your 前加 in: full―fully
第四句 as改为like
第五句: three-改third ;that改if 或whether
第六句: week’s前加a are―is
第八句: hear 改为 hearing
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高考英语拿高分必备的改错技巧
1. 句中各部分的结构是否完整,特别是每个句子要有动词;
2. 谓语动词的时态、语态;
3. 非谓语动词的用法;
4. 名词的单、复数,格的使用是否正确;
5. 定冠词和不定冠词是否正确;
6. 代词的格和性的使用是否有误;
7. 定语从句中关系代词、关系副词是否准确无误;
8. 并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。
改动以最少为原则;
虚词以添加或删除为原则;
实词以改变词形为原则;
以保持句子原意为原则。
1. 核对错项时,若的确有一时难以改出的'地方,可以参考所改动项是否基本符合“1:1:8”的比例。即多一词1个,缺词1个,错词8个。
2. 核对改正的语法项目是否有重复。因为短文改错往往覆盖面广,一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象。
3. 核对答题符号是否规范,位置是否准确,看看有无遗漏符号、忽略字母大小写和拼写等问题。
第一步:快速浏览全文,把握文章的主要时态、人称及文章的主旨大意,顺便标记自己一眼就能看出的错误。
第二步:细读文章,找出错误并改正。一般要结合文章的上下文以及出题规律来做题。
第三步:代入正确答案通读全文,看其是否通顺。
高考短文改错一般会在以下八个方面进行设题。
1. 动词:主要考查时态、主谓一致和固定搭配。例如:
①时态混用
Then the trouble started. We can’t open the door. So we asked the policeman for help.
(很显然此段的主时态是一般过去式,因此应把can’t改为couldn’t。)
②主谓不一致
There were a football game on TV last Saturday evening.
(a football game决定了谓语动词用单数,故应该把were改为was。)
③固定搭配
He had little money left, so he had to give up buy the computer.
(give up doing sth.是固定用法,故动词buy应该改为buying。)
2. 名词:主要考查单复数混用。例如:
Helen is seventeen year old. She is very busy.
(表示“年龄多大了”应该为复数形式,故应把year改为years。)
3. 形容词/副词:主要考查两者之间是否混用。例如:
①副词代替正确形容词
During the football season, Helen is much busier than usually.
(很明显是“与平时相比较更忙”,因此需要把usually改为usual。)
②形容词代替正确副词
As the time clock showed one minute and forty-two seconds left in the game, she began cheering excited, “Come on — get going!”
(显然应把excited改为excitedly,用来修饰动词cheer。)
4. 介词:主要考查固定搭配,特别是动词和介词的搭配。例如:
①介词遗漏
I’m sure you will get rid the sorrow and unhappiness caused by the disaster.
(get rid of 是固定搭配,意为“摆脱,除去”。)
②介词多余
My wife is also happy because of I have given up smoking.
(这里显然是区分because of与because的用法。前者不能接句子,而后者充当连词可以接句子,故应该把of去掉。)
③介词错用(一般为固定搭配)
I pick out her false hair and said, “Don’t be sad, Miss.”
(pick out改为pick up。pick out挑选;pick up捡起。)
5. 连词:主要考查句子之间的逻辑关系。常考的三种关系主要是:转折 (but)、并列(and)和因果(because)。 例如:
One day, my wife and I went shopping at a store. We drove the car but we had a lot of things to buy.
(显然,句意为“我们开车去的原因是因为我们要买很多东西”,所以应该把but改为because / as / for。)
6. 句式:主要考查that与what或which / how与what之间的转换。这是短文改错的常考点。 例如:
She never has enough time for that she wants to do.
(句意为:她没有足够多的时间来做自己想做的事情。很明显应该把that改为what。)
7. 冠词:主要考查冠词是否多余或遗漏。 例如:
①冠词多余
So I went to sell newspapers after the school.
(“放学后”应该用after school表示,故此处定冠词多余,应去掉the。)
②冠词遗漏
As we all left home at early age, we met lots of problems in our daily life.
(at an early age表示“很小的时候”,故early前应加不定冠词。)
8.代词:主要考查代词是否多余或遗漏,以及代词之间的混用。 例如:
①代词多余
Don’t lose your heart if you fail in the exam.
(lose heart表示“泄气,丧失勇气”,而lose one’s heart to sb. / sth.表示“爱上,钟情于……”。根据语境,此处很明显是指“别泄气”,故应该把your去掉。)
②代词遗漏
A teacher could make classes lively and interesting.
(应该在classes前加his,表示“使他的课堂生动有趣”。)
③代词混用
We were living in a big family. We treated each other as brothers and sisters. If any one of them had any difficulty, the other would help him or her out.
(根据句意“我们生活在一个大家庭之中,彼此间相处如同兄弟姐妹。如果我们之中谁有困难,其他人就会帮助他/她解决困难”,所以应把them改为us,把other改为others。)
一. 动词形
主要包括两类错误:动词的时态和语态错误,以及主、谓不一致的错误。例如:
My favourite sport is football. I was member of our school football team. (is)
Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. (are)
上述两例分别属于时态错误和主、谓不一致错误。找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念,注意短文内容发生或存在的时间,保持时间概念的一致性。
二. 名词数
指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。例如:
so that Ill get good marks in all my subject. (subjects)
三. 区分形和副
及区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错的常考点。例如:
Im sure well have a wonderfully time together. (wonderful)
Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family. (Unfortunately)
需要注意的是,形容词多用来做定、表、补语等,而副词只能在句子中作状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。第一例中的wonderful作定语修饰time,第二句的Unfortunately作状语修饰整个句子。
四. 非谓动词细辨别
这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有分词和动名词类错误,也包括不定式类错误。例如:
in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football. (interested)
Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also(playing)
My parents love me and will do all they can ∧ make sure (to)
上述二、三例分别是动名词作主语,和不定式作目的状语。一般的,现在分词有主动态和进行时的含义,而过去分词具有被动态和完成时的含义,不定式有将来时态的含义。
五. 习惯用法要记住
主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。这也是历年高考的常考点,其错误表现形式主要有三种:多词、少词和搭配错误。例如:
It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and (of)
We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves. (of)
六. 句子成分多分析
不同的句子成分要用不同的词类;不同的语景要选择不同的词语。这些都有待我们对句子结构和句子成分作细致的分析,才能找出用词不当的错误。例如:
They ∧eager to know everything about China and (were)
I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. (which)
第一例漏掉了谓语动词were,这是受寒于习惯的影响而导致的错误;第二例则是词类与它在句子中的成分不相符,where是副词,不能作主语。
七. 逻辑错误须关注
与句子的上、下文不一致,甚至相矛盾,属于逻辑性错误。如称谓上的张冠李戴,人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误,常是这类错误的考查对象。例如:
The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. (their)
First, let me tell you something more about myself. (去掉more)
no way of setting the matter except by selling the someone at home reads instead. (everyone)
上述第一例中的主语是Smiths(史密斯夫妇俩),因此后面的his不合逻辑。第二例中的more在这儿表再的意思,才开始告诉别人,怎么能说再告诉你一些事?第三例讲的是为了解决看电视时的争端,我们把电视机卖了;晚上没电视看了,所以与从前一样,大家又都读书了,所以该用everyone。
除了上述错误类型外,常考的错误形式还有:连词but, and, or和so的用法错误(可以归类为逻辑错误),以及冠词的用法错误等。例如:
She was smiling but nodding at me. (and)
It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. (or)
We may be one family and live under a same roof. (the)
下面是2002年全国高考试题中的短文改错题。这道题较全面地反映了本文的口诀。现在请你试着做一做,然后参阅题后的答案与简析。
Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to Emei
Mountain in Sichuan. As everyone knows,its famous 76. _____
Mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. The weather 77. _____
Was fine. It was about noon we arrived at the foot of 78. _____
the mountain,the three of them were very excited. As we 79. _____
climbed the mountain,we ed monkeys,visiting temples 80. _____
and told stories. On the way up I was busy taking picture
since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly. 82. _____
Evening came down. We spent the night in a hotel at the top 83. _____
of the mountain. The food was expensive and the service was 84. _____
good. I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my 85. _____
head touched the pillow.
答案与简析:
76. famous前加上a.(名词数)
77. 正确
78. we前面加when,引导一个时间状语从句。(句子成分多分析)
79. themus (逻辑错误须关注)
80. visitingvisited(非谓动词细辨别)
81. picturepictures(名词数)
82. passespassed(动词形)
83. 去掉down(习惯用法要记住)
84. andbut(but,and,or和so)
85. 去掉at(句子成分多分析 / 习惯用法要记住)
形容词和副词
1.“as+形容词+(a/an)+名词+as”表示同级比较,注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。
It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.
人们普遍认为,教学是一门科学,同时也是一门艺术。
2.“as+形容词/副词的原级+as”与“not as/so+形容词/副词的原级+as”表示同级比较,即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同(不同)。
The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine.
这项工作不是像你想像的那么难。
3.“the+比较级+of the two +名词”表示“两者中较……的那个”。
The taller of the two boys is my brother.
两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥。
形容词比较级+n.……
After two years’ research,we have a far better understanding of the disease.
研究两年之后,现在我们对这种病有更好的理解。
We went to the USA in search of a better life.
为了寻找更美好的生活我们去了美国。
5.比较级的修饰语常见的有:rather,much,still,even,far,any(用于否定句或疑问句),a lot,a little,a great deal,by far,a bit 等。
The students study even harder than before.
学生们学习比以前更努力了。
A car runs a great deal faster than a bike.
汽车比自行车跑得快得多。
6.最高级
(1)最高级的修饰语常见的有:序数词,by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not really,not quite,nothing like。
The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.
目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥。
I’d like to buy the second most expensive camera.
我想买仅次于最贵的照相机。
(2)否定词+比较级=最高级。
There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.
为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。
—Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting?
——你对他在会议上说的满意吗?
— couldn’t have been worse.
——不,不能再差了。
7.表示倍数的句型:
(1)A is+倍数+比较级+than+B
(2)A is+倍数+as+原级+as+B
(3)A is+倍数+the+名词(size,length,height 等)+of+B
(4)A is+倍数+that+of+B
(5)A is+倍数+what 引导的名词性从句
①This building is three times higher than that one.
This building is three times as high as that one.
This building is three times the height of that one.
这个建筑物是那个建筑物的3倍高。
②The output of this year is 3 times that of 2008.
=The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2008.
今年的产量是2008年的三倍。
③After the new technique was introduced,the factory produced twice as many cars in 2008 as the year before.
自从新技术被引进以后,这家工厂2008年生产的小汽车是上一年的两倍。
8、形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。
1)性质形容词有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如:hot
2)叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如:afraid,
afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake, well,unwell,ill,faint等。
3)形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后,例如:something nice
9、以-ly结尾的形容词
1) 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。
2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。
daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early
The Times is a daily paper.
The Times is published daily.
10、用形容词表示类别和整体
1) 某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连接。如:the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry等。
The poor are losing hope.
2) 有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体,与动词的复数连用。
the British,the English,the French,the Chinese.
The English have wonderful sense of humor.
多个形容词修饰名词的顺序
11、多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为:
限定词+数量词(序前基后)+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料
those + three + beautiful + large + square+ old + brown + wood + table s
2误区提醒
1.形近、意近词的混用 2. 形容词的句法功能用错 3.复合形容词的构成不熟悉4.多个形容词作定语时排序不清 5.形容词的比较等级用错
【典型例题】:
1) One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace.
A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone
C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old
解析:错选B。 几个形容词修饰一个名词,他们的排列顺序是:年龄,形状,大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。正确答案A.
2)It’s a relief for us to know that something _____ is being done to rebuild the schools destroyed in the quake.
A. competitive B. passive C. sensitive D. positive
解析:因形近形容词分辨不清而错选其他。根据题意,本句话表达“我们了解到,为了重建在地震中被破坏的学校,正在采取一些积极的措施”。空处应填“积极的”,正确答案为D。
3)--- Our women athletes achieved great success in the Vancouver Olympic Winter Games.
--- Yes. No one could have a_____ performance,I think.
B. better C. best D. the best
解析:因形容词比较等级用法没掌握好而错选C. 此处应用比较级表最高级意思。正确答案为B。
英语高中短文改错必改
一. 动词形
主要包括两类错误:动词的时态和语态错误,以及主、谓不一致的错误。例如:
My favourite sport is football. I was member of our school football team. (is)
Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. (are)
上述两例分别属于时态错误和主、谓不一致错误。找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念,注意短文内容发生或存在的时间,保持时间概念的一致性。
二. 名词数
指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。例如:
so that Ill get good marks in all my subject. (subjects)
三. 区分形和副
及区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错的常考点。例如:
Im sure well have a wonderfully time together. (wonderful)
Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family. (Unfortunately)
需要注意的是,形容词多用来做定、表、补语等,而副词只能在句子中作状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。第一例中的wonderful作定语修饰time,第二句的Unfortunately作状语修饰整个句子。
四. 非谓动词细辨别
这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有分词和动名词类错误,也包括不定式类错误。例如:
in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football. (interested)
Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also(playing)
My parents love me and will do all they can ∧ make sure (to)
上述二、三例分别是动名词作主语,和不定式作目的状语。一般的,现在分词有主动态和进行时的含义,而过去分词具有被动态和完成时的含义,不定式有将来时态的含义。
五. 习惯用法要记住
主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。这也是历年高考的常考点,其错误表现形式主要有三种:多词、少词和搭配错误。例如:
It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and (of)
We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves. (of)
六. 句子成分多分析
不同的句子成分要用不同的词类;不同的语景要选择不同的词语。这些都有待我们对句子结构和句子成分作细致的分析,才能找出用词不当的错误。例如:
They ∧eager to know everything about China and (were)
I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. (which)
第一例漏掉了谓语动词were,这是受寒于习惯的影响而导致的错误;第二例则是词类与它在句子中的成分不相符,where是副词,不能作主语。
七. 逻辑错误须关注
与句子的上、下文不一致,甚至相矛盾,属于逻辑性错误。如称谓上的张冠李戴,人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误,常是这类错误的考查对象。例如:
The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. (their)
First, let me tell you something more about myself. (去掉more)
no way of setting the matter except by selling the someone at home reads instead. (everyone)
上述第一例中的主语是Smiths(史密斯夫妇俩),因此后面的his不合逻辑。第二例中的more在这儿表再的意思,才开始告诉别人,怎么能说再告诉你一些事?第三例讲的是为了解决看电视时的争端,我们把电视机卖了;晚上没电视看了,所以与从前一样,大家又都读书了,所以该用everyone。
除了上述错误类型外,常考的错误形式还有:连词but, and, or和so的用法错误(可以归类为逻辑错误),以及冠词的用法错误等。例如:
She was smiling but nodding at me. (and)
It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. (or)
We may be one family and live under a same roof. (the)
下面是2002年全国高考试题中的短文改错题。这道题较全面地反映了本文的口诀。现在请你试着做一做,然后参阅题后的答案与简析。
Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to Emei
Mountain in Sichuan. As everyone knows,its famous 76. _____
Mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. The weather 77. _____
Was fine. It was about noon we arrived at the foot of 78. _____
the mountain,the three of them were very excited. As we 79. _____
climbed the mountain,we ed monkeys,visiting temples 80. _____
and told stories. On the way up I was busy taking picture
since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly. 82. _____
Evening came down. We spent the night in a hotel at the top 83. _____
of the mountain. The food was expensive and the service was 84. _____
good. I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my 85. _____
head touched the pillow.
答案与简析:
76. famous前加上a.(名词数)
77. 正确
78. we前面加when,引导一个时间状语从句。(句子成分多分析)
79. themus (逻辑错误须关注)
80. visitingvisited(非谓动词细辨别)
81. picturepictures(名词数)
82. passespassed(动词形)
83. 去掉down(习惯用法要记住)
84. andbut(but,and,or和so)
85. 去掉at(句子成分多分析 / 习惯用法要记住)
形容词和副词
1.“as+形容词+(a/an)+名词+as”表示同级比较,注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。
It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.
人们普遍认为,教学是一门科学,同时也是一门艺术。
2.“as+形容词/副词的原级+as”与“not as/so+形容词/副词的原级+as”表示同级比较,即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同(不同)。
The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine.
这项工作不是像你想像的那么难。
3.“the+比较级+of the two +名词”表示“两者中较……的那个”。
The taller of the two boys is my brother.
两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥。
形容词比较级+n.……
After two years’ research,we have a far better understanding of the disease.
研究两年之后,现在我们对这种病有更好的理解。
We went to the USA in search of a better life.
为了寻找更美好的生活我们去了美国。
5.比较级的修饰语常见的有:rather,much,still,even,far,any(用于否定句或疑问句),a lot,a little,a great deal,by far,a bit 等。
The students study even harder than before.
学生们学习比以前更努力了。
A car runs a great deal faster than a bike.
汽车比自行车跑得快得多。
6.最高级
(1)最高级的修饰语常见的有:序数词,by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not really,not quite,nothing like。
The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.
目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥。
I’d like to buy the second most expensive camera.
我想买仅次于最贵的照相机。
(2)否定词+比较级=最高级。
There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.
为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。
—Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting?
——你对他在会议上说的满意吗?
— couldn’t have been worse.
——不,不能再差了。
7.表示倍数的句型:
(1)A is+倍数+比较级+than+B
(2)A is+倍数+as+原级+as+B
(3)A is+倍数+the+名词(size,length,height 等)+of+B
(4)A is+倍数+that+of+B
(5)A is+倍数+what 引导的名词性从句
①This building is three times higher than that one.
This building is three times as high as that one.
This building is three times the height of that one.
这个建筑物是那个建筑物的3倍高。
②The output of this year is 3 times that of 2008.
=The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2008.
今年的产量是2008年的三倍。
③After the new technique was introduced,the factory produced twice as many cars in 2008 as the year before.
自从新技术被引进以后,这家工厂2008年生产的小汽车是上一年的两倍。
8、形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。
1)性质形容词有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如:hot
2)叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如:afraid,
afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake, well,unwell,ill,faint等。
3)形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后,例如:something nice
9、以-ly结尾的形容词
1) 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。
2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。
daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early
The Times is a daily paper.
The Times is published daily.
10、用形容词表示类别和整体
1) 某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连接。如:the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry等。
The poor are losing hope.
2) 有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体,与动词的复数连用。
the British,the English,the French,the Chinese.
The English have wonderful sense of humor.
多个形容词修饰名词的顺序
11、多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为:
限定词+数量词(序前基后)+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料
those + three + beautiful + large + square+ old + brown + wood + table s
2误区提醒
1.形近、意近词的混用 2. 形容词的句法功能用错 3.复合形容词的构成不熟悉4.多个形容词作定语时排序不清 5.形容词的比较等级用错
【典型例题】:
1) One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace.
A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone
C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old
解析:错选B。 几个形容词修饰一个名词,他们的排列顺序是:年龄,形状,大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。正确答案A.
2)It’s a relief for us to know that something _____ is being done to rebuild the schools destroyed in the quake.
A. competitive B. passive C. sensitive D. positive
解析:因形近形容词分辨不清而错选其他。根据题意,本句话表达“我们了解到,为了重建在地震中被破坏的学校,正在采取一些积极的措施”。空处应填“积极的”,正确答案为D。
3)--- Our women athletes achieved great success in the Vancouver Olympic Winter Games.
--- Yes. No one could have a_____ performance,I think.
B. better C. best D. the best
解析:因形容词比较等级用法没掌握好而错选C. 此处应用比较级表最高级意思。正确答案为B。
高中英语短文改错
1.名词:单复数用错,可数与不可数名词的混用。大多数短文改错都会有此类的错误。如:Hapy birthday, Peter; and mary happyp retumof the day! (2000北京春考),此句中reum虽然可以作可数名词也可做不可数名词,但此处显然为可数名词,故应用其复数,retumns。2.动词:时态和语态,常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时,中间杂有不适的另一时态的现象;或是及物动词后无宾语,或是不及物动词后加了宾语;需要接ing形式的接了to, 或相反等。如:Around the world young people are spending a lot of money in listening pop music.本句中listen是不及物动词,不能直接接宾语,应在其后加to。3.形容词副词:常出现需形容词的地方用了副词或相反;关系副词where, when wty等的缺失或错用,如:(1) Iwould describe myself as shry (NMET 2004)句中副词quiety应改为形容词quiet4.介词:主要是介词的多余或缺失,错用。这一部分需要平时多 多积累,弄清常用介词的搭配。 We musteep in mind thatwe play forthe team istaed (NMET 1998) 此句中instead和ouselves之间需加上of,因为instead是副词,本身不可以接名词。5.主谓一致性:第三人称单数漏掉s,或主语为复数,谓语动词用了单数;再就是就近原则对主语的影响。Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the libary. (NMET 2000)0此句中主语是my pictureand the prize, is应改为.冠词:定冠词the的多余或缺失,如季节,月份,星期,球类及三餐活动,称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the,或是samne等常和the一起使用的词却漏税掉了the; a an的混用,特别注意: hou, honest等虽然首字母不是元音字母,但其发音却是以元音素开头,故用an,而useful, univesit, Eupean, one-hour等虽然首字母是元音字母,但却以辅音音素开头,故用a如:As everyone knows, it's Tamous moutain with all kinds of plants and animals. 76 (NMET2002)此处frrous前应加,上冠词a7.数词:主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用,如分数的分子大于-时分母没有用复数等,基数词的复数形式如几百hundreds of,几千thousandsof漏掉了s,或是当其前有具体数字。8.连词:不合句中的逻辑关系。如需转折连词(如 but)的时候用了承接连词(so),或相反等等。如: The food was expensive and the service was (NMET 2002)根据句意,此句中连词and应改为but。9.代词:主要是代词的格与数的错用。如男性用了女性代词,单数用了复数代词或相反;应当用形容词性的物主代词用了宾格,主格或相反,关系代词的错用或缺失。如只能用that引导的用了其它,或在不能用that的地方却用了that, 或是在“介词+关系代词”结构中漏掉了介词等。如: .. I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate arything into (NMET 2003)此句中不定代词anything应改为everything10.常用固定短语或固定用法用错。Before my classmates, it sers always dificult for me to do things well as them78 (NMET2004)此句中, well 前应加as,as well as是固定搭配
1. in that 改为 in life 前加a3.把 than给去掉 改为 改为 改为 改为 改为 改为 改为 and
and more
house(应该用复数形式houses)
repairing(reparated)
retarn(return)
momemt(moment)
but (and ) rows of tall
relative(relatives)
in that( where)
ever then(since then)
1.第一句“in that”错,应为where2.第二句“And”错,应为“and”3.第二句“house”错,应为“houses”4.第二句“repairing”错,应为“repaired”5.第四句“vailliage”错,应为“villiage”6.第五句“relative”错,应为“relatives”7.第六句“got of ”错,应为“got off”8.第七句“going”错,应为“gone”9.第八句“but”错,应为“but also”10.第二句“Harder as”错,应为“Harder than”
高考英语短文改错
高考英语短文改错相对与其他高考英语其他题开始是比较容易的,但有一些考生往往在这高考英语短文改错上失分比较多,下面是我整理的高考英语短文改错的规律,希望能帮助考生提高高考英语的分数。
先通读全文。认真阅读短文,在做题之前确保已经弄清原文大意。根据短文大意和上下文逻辑关系,对文章进行逐字逐句的分析,检查句子的结构是否完整,语气是否连贯等等。
综合运用所学语言知识,根据各行不同的错误情况分别进行答题(即改词、加词或减词)。
验证答案。改完后,要回过头来重读一遍全文,查看改过后是否能使语气通顺,时态一致,合乎逻辑。再次通读可以在初改时感觉不顺的地方集中精力,仔细推敲,使答案更加准确。因为有时就一个句子来看可能在两个地方修改都说地过去,但在上下文中可能只能在一处修改才正确。
1.谓语动词错误类型有:①一般现在时与一般过去时错用;②and前后动词时态不一致;③主谓不一致;④缺少动词,特别是be动词;⑤第三人称单数形式错用;⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。
2.非谓语动词错误:包括不定式(如:to do sth与do sth的选择),动名词作主语、作宾语的形式,现在分词、过去分词的误用,非谓语的否定、完成、被动,并列连词前后非谓语的一致(尤其相距较远时)等。
3.多词:①不可数名词泛指时,多冠词,或不可数名词/抽象名词,多不当修饰词;②谓语动词多不当助动词;③感官使役动词后不定式作宾语补足语时多了to;④不是从句却加了关系词或连接词;⑤及物动词后多了介词或副词;⑥比较级前多词;⑦词义重叠/ 冗词错误;⑧作时间状语的名词短语前多了介词;⑨固定搭配中多词。
4.缺词:①可数名词前缺限定词;②动词不定式缺to;③不及物动词后缺介词或副词;④固定搭配中缺词;⑤被动语态缺助动词be;⑥句子成分残缺(一般缺谓语动词或动词)。
5.错词:①不定冠词a /an、定冠词或物主代词错误;②可数名词复数少了-s;③动词时态与时间状语(或上下文)不一致;④语态错误;⑤非谓语动词形式错误;⑥主谓不一致;⑦代词和名词不一致;⑧词义辨析错误;⑨介词与名词、动词或形容词搭配错误;⑩连词错误;?词类错误;?关系代词或关系副词错误;?逻辑错误;?固定搭配和习惯用法错误。
6.名词错误:名词的主要考点涉及名词的单复数变化,可数名词和不可数名词混用等。
7.连词错误:连词包括关系代词、副词,并列连词and/or/but等。关于连词,一般考查从句关系:who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。
8.冠词错误:①误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定);②误用a/an和the(固定搭配,或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词)。
9.形容词和副词错误:系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel);词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词)。
10.代词错误:①代词的主格和宾格(I/me;he/him;she/her;we/us they/them)错误;②反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用错误;③代词的单数和复数使用错误;④代词指代错误;⑤多代词或少代词。
高考英语短文改错是可以拉开成绩的一道题,很多考生没有掌握英语短文改错的答题技巧,从而失去不少分数,下面是我为大家整理的高考英语短文改错的技巧,希望大家喜欢。
通读全文,了解短文大意,把握全篇的时态、人称及行文逻辑,尤其是有的行文逻辑方面的错误在看单句时难以发现错误(比如前文用mike,后文代词用she等)。在通读全文时把一些容易的错误先改好,再进行分句改错。
分局阅读,逐行找错,在完成第一步后,要进行逐行主句的改错。这是要对文中的词法、句法和语篇角度着重分析和特别注意。
最后把改好的短文再阅读一遍,检查答案是否正确,感觉不对的地方及时调整。
1.时态错误:每年高考短文改错中都有时态错误。因此要有目的地去检查文中的每一个谓语动词的时态与上下文、语境以及该句的时间状语是否相符和一致。
2.主谓错误:在检查谓语动词的时态和语态是否正确的同时,还要注意检查该动词在人称和数上是否与主语保持了一致。
3.指代错误:对于高考英语短文改错中出现的每一个代词都要查一下它所指代的内容以及在句中的作用,注意其数、格、词性是否正确和前后一致,包括人称代词、指标代词、反身代词、关系代词以及疑问代词等。指代错误也是高考改错题中常设的改错题。
4.形容词和副词错误:系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel);词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词)。I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully timetogether. (time是名词所以要用形容词wonderful修饰) Mypronunciation was terribly.(was后用形容词,terribly改为terrible.)
5. 代词错误:代词的主格和宾格(I / me;he/him; she/ her; we/ us they/ them )错误;反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用错误;代词的单数和复数使用错误;代词指代错误;多代词或少代词。 Soon Ibegan to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning toexpress me in simple English. (me 改为myself) One dayI wrote a little story and showed to my teacher.(to前加it) If anyone of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other wouldhelp him out. (other后加s) What’smore, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care ofhim. (him改为them)
6. 连词错误:连词包括关系代词、副词,并列连词and/ or/but等。关于连词,一般考查从句关系who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。 I havea good friend who’s name is Liu Mei. (错用了who的所有格形式,改为whose) I teachthem, play with them, but watch them growing up.(此处应该是并列的关系而非转折,but改为and) Cleveras she is, but she works very hard.(as意为“尽管”,不能再跟but连用,所以去掉but)
一、错误以改动最少为原则 这是指每行最多只能改动一处,即在一个词上进行改动。可以是增词、减词、改词,但无论是何种改动,只能是增加一词,减少一词或把一个词改成另一个词。没有错误的一行只需打勾表明正确而无需改动。 二、实词以改变形式为原则 在改错中,实词的处理一般只是改变它的形式,而不能改变其词义也不能改换成另一个实词,更不能随便给添删。例如: you mind do me a favour? [析]此处考查mind后面应该跟动词的v-ing形式。但有些学生把mind给删去了,使原句成为would you do me a favour? 这样改虽然纠正了语法错误,但是句子的语气却变得很不委婉,故不是正确答案。 ’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. [析]把wonderfully改为wonderful。wonderfully是副词,不能作定语。有些学生把wonderfully改为good,这样虽然意思上对了,但是却削弱了语气。 三、原意以保持不变为原则 1. modern people know more about health, have better food, and to live in cleaner surroundings. [析]去掉to。因为and连接的是三个并列的谓语动词know,have和live。部分学生误将and去掉而保留了to,to live in cleaner surroundings成了目的状语。这样改,从语法角度看是正确的,但是句子的结构和意义却变了,故不是正确答案。 2. that’s why americans get uneasy when a listener is silence and shows no change of expression. [析] silence改为silent。学生对silence前加介词构成in silence短语很熟悉,所以一看此处silence前无介词in,即判断为少介词in,但忽略了介词短语in silence相当于副词silently,表示“安静地,无声地”,多用作状语,修饰动词。而此处应把silence改为相应的形容词silent,silent与前面的系动词is构成系表结构,表示状态。