高一英语的语法点
高一英语语法内容
英语语法是针对英语语言进行研究后,英语语法系统地总结归纳出来的一系列语言规则。以下是我收集的英语语法内容,欢迎查看!
【一】分词作状语的区别
(1)现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别。
现在分词做状语与过去分词做状语的最主要区别在于两者与所修饰的主语的主动与被动关系的区别。
1)现在分词作状语时,现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作,它们之间的关系是主动关系。
He went out ,shutting the door behind him.
他出去后将门随手关上。
Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.
由于不知如何办是好,他去找父母帮忙。
2)过去分词作状语时,过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作,它们之间的关系是被动关系。
Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.
如果对这些树多关心一些,它们本来会长得更好。
Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them.
在遇到困难的时候,我们必须设法克服。
Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.
Given more encouragement, the boy could have behaved better
2)分词作状语放在句子开头,除表示原因之外有时表示时间或条件。动词不定式作状语时,除了表示目的以外,还表示结果或原因。
Reading attentively,he forgot the time for lunch.由于在专心读书,他忘了吃午饭的时间。(原因)
Reading carefully,he found something he had not known before.他仔细读书时,发现了一些从前不知道的东西。(时间)
Reading carefully,you'll learn something new.只要你仔细阅读,你会学到一些新的东西。(条件)
作宾补时,如果动词和宾语之间是主动关系,用现在分词; 如果是被动关系或者表示状态,用过去分词
we left him crying outside the gate.
we found his hands tied behind his back.
we found the world outside changed. 状态
用过去分词还是现在分词做定语的判断关键:名词与该动作的关系
【二】分词作定语的区别
1. 现在分词做定语:
从功能上看,现在分词做定语表示 1)主动(及物);2)进行(不及物)。
做定语:相当于一个定语从句 (主动)
Do you know the boy standing at the door?
à Do you know the boy who is standing at the door?
A developing country needs aids. àA country that/which is developing needs aids.
They lived in a house facing the south
àThey lived in a house that faced the south.
The man wearing a red tie is our head.
àThe man who wears a red tie(戴红领带) is our head.
The workers working in the factory are well-paid.
àThe workers who are working in the factory are well-paid.
在这家工厂工作的工人报酬很好
2.过去分词做定语
从功能上看,过去分词做定语表示1)被动(及物);2)完成(不及物)。
做定语:相当于一个定语从句(被动),有时侯也表示完成的
The broken window was repaired this morning.
The window broken yesterday was….
àThe window that/which was broken yesterday was…..昨天被打破的玻璃今早被修好了
The sold hamburgers are not to my taste.
The hamburgers sold in this chain are not to…..这家连锁店卖的汉堡不适合我的口味
The hamburgers that/which are sold in this chain are not to….
The arrived guests will be led in.(此过去分词表示完成)
The guests arrived just now will….刚到的客人将会被带进来
The guests who arrived just now will be….
The book that was written by Wang sells well.
àThe book written by Wang sells well.
The tie that is worn by our head is made in Shanghai.
àThe tie worn by our head is made in SH
The shoes (that were) made in a small factory are of bad quality.小厂产的鞋子质量差
反之,一个定语从句可以转化为分词做定语的结构
The man I introduced to you yesterday had just returned from Japan.
The man introduced to you by me yesterday had just…昨天我给你介绍的那人刚从日本回来
He is a man who is loved by all. à He is a man loved by all. 他是个大家所热爱的人
The leaves that have fallen are collected by the cleaners. àThe fallen leaves are collected…
That letter I received last week was from Li. à The letter received last week was from Li.
【三】状语从句的省略
一般说来省略现象多出现在下列五种状语从句中:由 when ,while ,as ,before, after , till, until, once等引导的时间状语从句;由whether ,if , unless 等引导的条件状语从句;由 though , although ,even if ,whatever等引导的`让步状语从句;由 as ,than 等引导的比较状语从句;由as, as if , as though 等引导的方式状语从句。上述状语从句在省略时,并非任何成分都可以省略而是遵循下面原则:
(1)当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时且从句中含有BE动词的某种形式时,可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be ,这时从句中可出现如下结构:
① 连词(as, as if , once)+ 名词
如:Once (he was)a worker ,Pang Long now becomes a famous singer .庞龙曾经是个工人,现在变成一位著名的歌手。
②连词( though, whether , when)+形容词
如:Work hard when (you are) young ,or you'll regret.趁年轻要努力学习,要不然你会后悔的。
③连词(whether, as if ,while )+介词短语
如:He looked everywhere as if (he was)in search of something .他到处看似乎在找什么东西。
④连词(when , while , though )+ 现在分词
如:While (he was) holding talks with President Hu Jintao , US President George W. Bush thanked China for its important role in the Six-Party Talks.
⑤ 连词(when ,if ,even if ,unless ,once ,until, than , as ) + 过去分词
如:The exhibition is more interesting than (it was) expected .这次展览比被预料的有趣的多
⑥ 连词(as if ,as though ) + 不定式
如:Olympic gold medallist hurdler Liu Xiang opened his lips as if (he were) to speak .奥林匹克金牌获得者跨栏运动员刘翔张开嘴好象要说什么。
(2)当从句的主语与主句的主语不一致,但从句主语是 it,从句中又含有系动词be 的某种形式时 ,可以把it和系动词be一起省略。。如:Unless (it is) necessary ,you'd better not refer to the dictionary.如果没有必要,你最好不要查字典。
各种状语从句的省略现象列举如下:
一、时间状语从句中的省略
When (she was) very young, she began to learn to play the piano. 她很小时,就开始学习弹钢琴。
While (I was) at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student. 我在上大学时就开始认识他,一个奇怪但有能力的学生。
When arriving, send me a telegram. (When you arrive, send me a telegram.) 到达之后,来个电报。
Before leaving, turn off all the lights. (Before you leave, turn off all the lights.) 走之前,请关闭所有的灯。
Don’t come in until (you are) asked to. 不叫你请你不要进来。
Whenever (it is )possible, you should come and help. 不管什么时候只要有可能就来帮忙。
You should let us know the result as soon as(it is) possible. 你应尽快让我们知道结果。
注:as在引导时间状语从句时,没有这种省略现象。我们不可说As walking, she found a nice shining thing on the ground.
二、地点状语从句中的省略
地点状语从句的省略常用下列结构:where(ver) possible, where(ver) necessary,
Lay these books where possible you can find them easily. 把这些书放在你可能容易找到的地方。
Put in articles wherever necessary in the following passages. 在下列文章中需要的地方填入冠词。
三、条件状语从句中的省略
常用的句型是:if necessary, if possible, if true, if anyone等。如:
Send the goods now if (they are) ready. 货物如果准备好了,请送过来。
He will come if (he is) asked. 如果叫他来,他就来。
If (it is) necessary, ring me at home. 如果有可能,朝我家里打电话。
Come along with me if (it is) possible. 如果有可能和我一起去吧.。
If (it is) true, this will casue us a lot of trouble. 如果是真的,这会给我们带来很多麻烦。
There are few people nowadays, if (there are) any, who remember him. 很少有人能记起他。
You should stay where you are, unless (you are) asked to leave. 你应呆在你现在的地方不动,除非叫你动。
四、让步状语从句中的省略
He is a good man, though sometimes (he is) rather dull. 他真是个好人,尽管有时有点无聊。
Even if (I am ) invited to, I won’t go to such a bad lecture. 即使邀我去,我都不想听如此坏的报告。
五、比较状语从句中的省略
She can play the piano just as wonderfully as you (do). 她钢琴弹的我你弹的一样好。
She has finished the work earlier than (it has been ) expected.
【四】with复合结构
with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重
要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述,以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。
一、 with结构的构成
它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成,复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语,复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当,第二
部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当,分词可以是现在分词,也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下:
1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词;
2. with或without-名词/代词+副词;
3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语;
4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式;
5. with或without-名词/代词 +分词。
下面分别举例:
1、 She came into the room,with her nose red because of cold.(with+名词+形容词,作伴随状语)
2、 With the meal over , we all went home.(with+名词+副词,作时间状语)
3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。(with+名词+介词短语,作伴随状语。) The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.
4、He lay in the dark empty house,with not a man ,woman or child to say he was kind to me.(with+名词+不定式,作伴随状语) He could not finish it without me to help him.(without+代词 +不定式,作条件状语)
5、She fell asleep with the light burning.(with+名词+现在分词 ,作伴随状语) Without anything left in the cupboard, shewent out to get something to eat.(without+代词+过去分词,作为原因状语)
二、with结构的用法
在句子中with结构多数充当状语,表示行为方式,伴随情况、时间、原因或条件(详见上述例句)。
With结构在句中也可以作定语。例如:
1.I like eating the mooncakes with eggs.
2.From space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the water.
3.A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house.
三、 with结构的特点
1. with结构由介词with或without+复合结构构成。复合结构中第一部分与第二部分语法上是宾语和宾语补足语关系,而在逻辑上,却具有主谓关系,也就是说,可以用第一部分作主语,第二部分作谓语,构成一个句子。例如: With him taken care of,we felt quite relieved.(欣慰)→(He was taken good care of.) She fell asleep with the light burning. →(The light was burning.) With her hair gone,there could be no use for them. →(Her hair was gone.)
2. 在with结构中,第一部分为人称代词时,则该用宾格代词。例如: He could not finish it without me to help him.
四、 几点说明:
1. with结构在句子中的位置: with 结构在句中作状语,表示时间、条件、原因时一般放在句子前面,并用逗号与句子分开;表示方式和伴随状况时一般放在句子后面,不用逗号分开。若with结构作定语,则放在所修饰的名词之后,一般不用逗号隔开。
2. with结构作状语时,不定式、现在分词 、和过去分词的区别: 在with结构中,不定式、现在分词作宾补,表示主动,但是不定式表示将要发生的动作,而现在分词表示正在发生或发生了的动作;过去分词表示被动或完成。
例如: With the boy leading the way,we found he house easily.(小男孩已领过路)
With the boy to lead the way,we will find the house easily tomorrow.(小男孩明天将领路)
He lay on the bed with the bedroom door shut.(寝室被关着)
3. with结构与一般的with短语的区别: with结构具有上述功能和特点,而"介词with+名词或代词(组)"组成的一般的with短语在句子中可以作定语和状语。作状语时,它能表示动作的方式、原因,但不能表示时间、伴随和条件。在一般的with短语中,with后面所跟的不是复合结构,也根本没有逻辑上的主谓关系。
4. with结构与独立主格结构的关系: with结构属于独立主格结构,但在结构上,with结构由介词with或without引导,名词前有冠词、形容词、所有格代词或其它词类所修饰,结构较松散;而独立主格结构没有with或without引导,结构严密,名词前可用可不用修饰语。在句法功能上,with结构可以作定语,独立主格结构则不能;独立主格结构通常在句中作状语,但也可以作主语,而with结构则不能。
独立主格在口语中不常用,往往由一个从句代替,而with结构较口语化,较常用。例如:
There were rows of white houses with trees in front of them.("with+复合宾语"结构,在句中作定语)
A strong man working a whole day could not jump this high.(名词+现在分词构成的独立主格结构,作主语)
The boy said,turning to the man,his eyes opened wide and his hand raised.(独立主格结构,表示伴随状况或行为方式,作状语)
Then last night,I followed him here,and climbed in,sword in hand.(名词+介词短语构成的独立主格结构,作状语,表示伴随情况) board, she went out to get something to eat.(without+代词+过去分词,作为原因状语)
高一英语语法点
直接引语 间接引语 现在进行时 一般现在时 定语从句 非限定性定语从句 被动语态
高考对冠词的考查集中在基本用法上,主要既反映在对泛指、特指及固定 短语 冠词的考查。抽象名词、物质名词的具体化依然是高考的重点、难点。下面给大家分享一些 高一英语 语法知识点,希望对大家有所帮助。
高一英语必修五测试知识点
高二英语 语法必考知识点 总结
高一英语必修二知识点梳理
高二英语选修六的必会知识点
高一英语语法知识点1
定语从句
1、that指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语
which指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)
who指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语
whom指人在从句中作宾语
whose指人或物在从句中作定语
as指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语
but指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语
注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich或ofwhich+the+名词
高一英语语法知识点2
as的用法
(1)常用于下列结构:such…as;so…as;thesame…as;as…as
注意:thesame…as表示同一类,不同一个
thesame…that表示同一个
(2)as与which的区别
a、位置不同
as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。
Which相当于并列句,可以用andthis来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。
注意:as常用于下列结构:asweknow/asisknowntoall,asweallcansee,ashasbeensaidbefore/above,
asmightbeexcepted,asisoftenthecase,一般不能用which代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。
高一英语语法知识点3
只用that不用which的情况
1、.先行词为all,much,everything,nothing,something,anything,nothing,none,theone等不定代词时
2、先行词被only,any,few,little,no,all,just,very,right等修饰时.
3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
5、当先行词是数词时.
6、当先行词既指人又指物时。
7、如有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个关系代词则宜用that。
8、主句是Therebe结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that作关系代词。
9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that。
10、先行词为what,关系代词用that。
11、有时为了避免重复而使用that引导定语从句。
高一英语语法知识点4
只用which不用that的情况
1、当介词放在关系代词之前时。
2、在非限制性定语从句中。
3、当关系代词指整个主句的概念时
高一英语语法知识点5
只用who不用that的情况
1、当先行词是one,ones,anyone或those时。
2、therebe结构中。
3、当先行词是人,后面有较长修饰语时。
4、为了避免重复或引起歧义。
5、当先行词是I,you,he,they等时(常用于 谚语 中)。
6、先行词是指成员的集体名词。
7、who可以引导非限制性定语从句。
8、先行词是拟人化的名词。
9、先行词指特定的人时用who,不指特定的人用that。
高一英语语法知识点6
关系副词引导的定语从句
1、when时间状语
注意:It/Ihis/That+be+thefirst/second/lasttimethat…只能用that,that可以省略,从句用相应的完成时。
2、where地点状语
注意:当先行词为模糊的地点时,如point.Situation,case,position,stage,scene,spot,activity,family,job等名词时用where.
3、why原因状语先行词为reason。
高一英语语法知识点7
介词与关系代词
1、介词如何确定
(1)依据定语从句中动词的习惯搭配来确定
(2)依据先行词的习惯搭配来确定
(3)根据意思来确定
(4)为了强调某一名词,不定式前加上关系词
2、关系代词作介词的宾语时,介词的位置
(1)whom和which可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间,也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。
(2)含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在动词的后面。
(3)关系代词that在从句中作介词宾语时,介词不能放在它的前面,只能放在从句中有关动词的后面。
(4)关系代词whose也可以在从句中与它所修饰的名词一起作介词宾语。
3、“名词/数词/代词+介词+关系代词”结构常见的形式有:名词/one/two/some/none/all/both/several/many/most/afew/alittle/the+比较级/the+最高级…+of+which/whom。
高一英语语法知识点8
定语从句中的主谓一致
1、关系代词作从句的主语时,从句中谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致,先行词是 句子 时,从句的谓语动词用单数形式。
2、“oneof+复数名词”位于关系代词前作先行词时,关系代词在从句中作主语,从句的动词通常用复数,但当one前有the,theonly,thevery等修饰时,从句的谓语动词要用单数。
高一英语语法知识点9
注意way和time后接定语从句的情况
1、当先行词是way,且意为“方式、 方法 ”时,引导定语从句的关系词有下列三种形式:that/inwhich/不填。
注意:关系词在从句中必须作状语。如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语,按正常的定语从句分析。
2、当先行词是time时,若time作“次数”讲,应用that引导定语从句,that可省略;若time作“一段时间”讲,应用关系副词when或介词at/during+which引导定语从句。
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★ 高一英语语法总结大全
★ 高中英语语法知识点整理总结
★ 高一英语必修一知识点归纳总结
★ 高一英语语法知识点讲解
★ 高一英语必修一重要知识点总结笔记
★ 人教版高中英语必修一语法知识点总结
★ 高一英语必修一语法知识汇总
★ 高一英语必修一语法知识总结
★ 英语高一必修一语法总结
高一英语必修一语法要点一. 一般现在时1. 表示主语现在所处的状态及其所具备的特征、性格、能力等例如:I am a girl.2. 表示习惯性、经常性的动作例如:I usually go to bed at 9:00.3. 标志性的词语Always often sometimes now and then 4. 若助于为第三人称单数(he she it)则动词要用单三现二. 现在进行时1. 说话时正在进行的动作例如:I am reading.2.表示即将发生的动作,多用于go come start leave return arrive stay fly等词语之中,句子中常常有时间状语例如:The plane is going to Beijing.3.当句子中出现了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、All the time等例如:I am always thinking of you.三. 倍数比较1.A+系动词+倍数词+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B例如:The class is twice as big as that one.2.A+系动词+倍数词+adj\adv的比较级+than+B例如:The class is twice bigger than that class.3.A+系动词+倍数词+the size\amount(数量)\ength\width\height\depth\+of+B例如:The class is twice the size of that class.四. With的复合结构1. With+宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语根据逻辑意义的不同可以是不同的词语,如形容词、现在分词、过去分词、副词、介词短语、不定式等,with在复合结构中常作状语2.常用结构○1with+宾语+doing表主动与进行例如:Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.○2with+宾语+done表被动与完成例如:With all things she need bought,she went home.○3with+宾语+to do表将来例如:With so many thing to deal with.五. 现在完成进行时现在完成进行时1.基本表达式(I have been doing ) I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth. he/ she/ it has been doing sth. 2.表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,并且还将持续下去。 The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. 中国有2000年的造纸历史。(动作还将继续下去) I have been learning English since three years ago. 自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。(动作还将继续下去) 3.表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。 We have been waiting for you for half an hour. 我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到,如同在电话里说的,还会继续等) 4.有些现在完成进行时的句子等同的句子。 例如:They have been living in this city for ten years. They have lived in this city for ten years. 他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。 I have been working here for five years. I have worked here for five years. 我在这里已经工作五年了。 5.大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。 例如:I have been writing a book.(动作还将继续下去) 我一直在写一本书。 I have written a book.(动作已经完成) 我已经写了一本书。 They have been building a bridge. 他们一直在造一座桥。 They have built a bridge. 他们造了一座桥。 6.表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。 例如:I have known him for years. 我认识他已经好几年了。 I have been knowing... 这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有:love爱,like喜欢, hate讨厌,等。 注意:比较过去时与现在完成时1.过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。 2.过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。 一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语 共同的时间状语: this morning, tonight,this April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately 现在完成时的时间状语 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always, 不确定的时间状语 3.现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。 例如: I saw this film yesterday. (强调看的动作发生过了。) I have seen this film. (强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了。) Why did you get up so early? (强调起床的动作已发生过了。) Who hasn't handed in his paper? (强调有卷子,可能为不公平竞争。) She has returned from Paris. 她已从巴黎回来了。 She returned yesterday. 她是昨天回来了。 He has been in the League for three years. (在团内的状态可延续) He has been a League member for three years. (是团员的状态可持续) He joined the League three years ago. ( 三年前入团,joined为短暂行为。) I have finished my homework now. ---Will somebody go and get Dr. White? ---He's already been sent for. 句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。 (错)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. (对)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 六.过去完成时1. 概念:表示过去的过去 其构成是had +过去分词构成。 那时以前 那时 现在 2. 用法 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. b. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. c. 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 3.过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 例如:He said that he had learned some English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 七.现在完成进行时1.其构成形式如下: I / we / they have been + 动词的现在分词 He / she / it has been + 动词的现在分词 功用如下: 2. 表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的行动,如: Ann is very tired. She has been working hard. Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing? 3.表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的行动,如: It has been raining for two hours. (现在还在下) Jack hasn’t been feeling very well recently. 4. 表示一个从过去开始延续到现在,可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内,重复发生的行动,如: She has been playing tennis since she was eight. 5. 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响,而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身,如: Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car. The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it. 注意: 现在完成时有否定结构、而现在完成进行时没有否定结构。 现在完成时态可表示做完的时期以及已有的经验、但现在完成进行时不可以 现在完成进行时的否定结构 现在完成进行时有时也可用否定结构。如: Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven’t been sleeping at all well. 自从上周发生了那次不幸事故之后,我一直睡得很不好. He hasn’t been working for me and I haven’t has that much contact with him. 他并没有给我工作过,我和他没有过那许多接触。 6.否定句构成: 主语+has/have+not+been+现在分词 7.一般疑问句构成: Have/has+主语+been+现在分词+其他好好努力吧!
高一英语语法难点
买本语法书,最好带练习的
打盹会做梦,学习会圆梦。要想提高自身的学习成绩,则需要实际行动起来,不能三天打鱼,两天晒网,学习如同逆水行舟,不进则退。下面是我给大家整理的一些 高一英语 的知识点,希望对大家有所帮助。
高 一年级英语 必修二知识点
一、将来完成进行时
1.概念:表示动作从某一时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间。是否继续下去,要视上下文而定。
2.基本结构:shall/will have been doing
3.例子:I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year.到今年年底,我将在这个工厂工作20年了。
If we don't hurry up the store will have been closing before we get there. 咱们如不快一点儿,等我们到了那儿,店门就会关了。
二、 过去将来完成进行时
1.概念:表示从过去某时看至未来某时以前会一直在进行的动作。
2.基本结构:should/would + have + been +现在分词
3.例子:He told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty years.他告诉我,到年底时,他就在那住了30年了。
高中英语必修三语法知识
使用被动语态应注意的几个问题:
1. 不及物动词无被动语态。
What will happen in 100 years.
The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.
2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。
This pen writes well.
This new book sells well.
3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式,主动语态中不带to ,但变为被动语态时,须加上to 。 例:make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something
see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something
A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.
4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时,直接宾语(物)作主语,那么动词后要用介词,这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。
He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him.
He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him.
My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father.
高一下学期英语必修一单元知识点
Unit 10 The world around us
fur与leather
fur指皮毛,尤指带毛的皮革制品,leather指皮革制品。
endanger v. 威胁
die of与die from
都译为“死于…”,当“死于疾病”时可以互换,但die of更强调由于年龄,寒冷,饥饿,情感等死亡,die from强调由于环境,伤害,事故等死亡。
如:
The old lady died of old age.
Careless drivers often die from traffic accidents.
lead v. 领导
leader与leadership
leader指领导人,领袖或带头的人,而leadership指领导,领导权等。
如:
Our leaders are very considerate.
Under his leadership, the company went out of depression.
tour v. 旅行 n. 旅行
species (pl.)n. 生物,物种
measure v. 测量 n. 尺寸
take measures to do sth.
habitat n. 栖息地
inhabit v. 居住在
inhabitant n. 居民
reside v. 居住
resident n. 居民
adapt v. 适应,符合
adapt to
adopt v. 收养,采纳
高一年级 英语学习 方法
一、首先要明确几个观点:
1、学英语的目的是使用英语,只能在用中体会它的规律,掌握它的方法,通过练习学会使用。因此我们要抓住每一个机会用英语。如课程表的书写用英语,学习学科的英文书写等。课上40个人,能有机会一定要抓住机会,而且要给自己创造机会练习口语,课下要寻找机会去练习使用英语。练习听、说、读等能力,做适量的练习巩固课内知识。
2、关于语法知识的学习:掌握一定的语法知识是必要的,它是基础,中国人学习外语要学点语法,但是过分地研究语法是不利于能力的培养的,这也是中国人 学习英语 的误区。有人说,那么高考怎么办?高考正是考查学生实际使用英语的能力,语法的考试也是在实际语境中考查,因此语篇的能力才是真正的能力。
3、语言的学习应听、说、读、写全面发展,在开始阶段应以听说为主。高一新学期1—2月内主要以训练自己的听与说的能力为主要目标,逐步加大阅读。
4、语言的学习与任何知识的学习一样,以自学为主。要有一定的自学能力,外语学习不是老师讲会的,是自己练会的。在使用中、练习中掌握规律。精讲多练,讲练结合,以练为主是外语教学的主要特点,仅仅靠老师是不够的。因此外语学习的过程是练功夫的过程,是长期坚持不懈的学习过程。在这个暑假尚未开学之前,希望大家要有一个英语学习目标,真正地行动起来做好新高一的准备工作。
二、听的练习的具体指导
(一)听力能力是重点
在高考中听力共20小题,每小题1.5分,一般为10段材料。其中1—5段为简单对话,读1遍。6—9段为较长对话,每段设计2—3题,读2遍。第10段为独白,设计2—3题,读2遍。一般来讲,后两段读速较快,要求较高。从现在社会环境要求方面看,听、说能力的高低是一个人英语水平高低的表现形式,与人交往离不开听、说的能力,因此重视听的能力是首要任务,听得懂才能说得出。每天应坚持听的练习20—30分钟,一定听的输入必然会有听的收获。
(二)听力能力的训练方法
1、模仿磁带,注意发音,学习准确的语音、语调,力求发音标准、漂亮。课本录音带及 其它 相关有声材料都是很好的训练材料。
2、坚持精听和泛听相结合。精听是指使用有材料的听力训练。可采取先听后看的方法,即在阅读听力材料之前先听2—3遍,再翻开材料边听边读,对已知和未知的内容有了一定了解,然后再合上书,边听边理解,直到全部材料都能听懂并跟上它的速度。泛听是指抽空随意地听,可以是无材料可循的内容。如收听英语广播,调频91.5兆赫,VOA(美国之音)《空中英语教室》节目,收看CCTV9,《新概念》第二册等,甚至在平时收看外国影片时也能学习英语,训练听的能力。
3、听的训练是在坚持不懈的努力中,循序渐进的,既不可操之过急,也不能只想不干。听力时间的保证也是提高听力能力所必需的。
高一英语单元重点知识点 总结 相关 文章 :
★ 高一英语必修一知识点归纳总结
★ 高一英语必修一重要知识点总结笔记
★ 高一英语知识点总结
★ 高一英语重点语法知识点总结
★ 人教版高一英语知识点总结
★ 高一英语语法知识点总结
★ 高一英语必修一知识点总结人教版
★ 高一英语第一单元总知识点归纳
★ 高一英语上学期重难点知识点汇总
★ 高一学年的英语单元总复习知识点分析
非谓语动词和定语从句是高一学到的,是高中以来学生比较难以掌握的难点。
高一英语重点语法
高考对冠词的考查集中在基本用法上,主要既反映在对泛指、特指及固定 短语 冠词的考查。抽象名词、物质名词的具体化依然是高考的重点、难点。下面给大家分享一些 高一英语 语法知识点,希望对大家有所帮助。
高一英语必修五测试知识点
高二英语 语法必考知识点 总结
高一英语必修二知识点梳理
高二英语选修六的必会知识点
高一英语语法知识点1
定语从句
1、that指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语
which指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)
who指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语
whom指人在从句中作宾语
whose指人或物在从句中作定语
as指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语
but指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语
注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich或ofwhich+the+名词
高一英语语法知识点2
as的用法
(1)常用于下列结构:such…as;so…as;thesame…as;as…as
注意:thesame…as表示同一类,不同一个
thesame…that表示同一个
(2)as与which的区别
a、位置不同
as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。
Which相当于并列句,可以用andthis来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。
注意:as常用于下列结构:asweknow/asisknowntoall,asweallcansee,ashasbeensaidbefore/above,
asmightbeexcepted,asisoftenthecase,一般不能用which代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。
高一英语语法知识点3
只用that不用which的情况
1、.先行词为all,much,everything,nothing,something,anything,nothing,none,theone等不定代词时
2、先行词被only,any,few,little,no,all,just,very,right等修饰时.
3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
5、当先行词是数词时.
6、当先行词既指人又指物时。
7、如有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个关系代词则宜用that。
8、主句是Therebe结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that作关系代词。
9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that。
10、先行词为what,关系代词用that。
11、有时为了避免重复而使用that引导定语从句。
高一英语语法知识点4
只用which不用that的情况
1、当介词放在关系代词之前时。
2、在非限制性定语从句中。
3、当关系代词指整个主句的概念时
高一英语语法知识点5
只用who不用that的情况
1、当先行词是one,ones,anyone或those时。
2、therebe结构中。
3、当先行词是人,后面有较长修饰语时。
4、为了避免重复或引起歧义。
5、当先行词是I,you,he,they等时(常用于 谚语 中)。
6、先行词是指成员的集体名词。
7、who可以引导非限制性定语从句。
8、先行词是拟人化的名词。
9、先行词指特定的人时用who,不指特定的人用that。
高一英语语法知识点6
关系副词引导的定语从句
1、when时间状语
注意:It/Ihis/That+be+thefirst/second/lasttimethat…只能用that,that可以省略,从句用相应的完成时。
2、where地点状语
注意:当先行词为模糊的地点时,如point.Situation,case,position,stage,scene,spot,activity,family,job等名词时用where.
3、why原因状语先行词为reason。
高一英语语法知识点7
介词与关系代词
1、介词如何确定
(1)依据定语从句中动词的习惯搭配来确定
(2)依据先行词的习惯搭配来确定
(3)根据意思来确定
(4)为了强调某一名词,不定式前加上关系词
2、关系代词作介词的宾语时,介词的位置
(1)whom和which可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间,也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。
(2)含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在动词的后面。
(3)关系代词that在从句中作介词宾语时,介词不能放在它的前面,只能放在从句中有关动词的后面。
(4)关系代词whose也可以在从句中与它所修饰的名词一起作介词宾语。
3、“名词/数词/代词+介词+关系代词”结构常见的形式有:名词/one/two/some/none/all/both/several/many/most/afew/alittle/the+比较级/the+最高级…+of+which/whom。
高一英语语法知识点8
定语从句中的主谓一致
1、关系代词作从句的主语时,从句中谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致,先行词是 句子 时,从句的谓语动词用单数形式。
2、“oneof+复数名词”位于关系代词前作先行词时,关系代词在从句中作主语,从句的动词通常用复数,但当one前有the,theonly,thevery等修饰时,从句的谓语动词要用单数。
高一英语语法知识点9
注意way和time后接定语从句的情况
1、当先行词是way,且意为“方式、 方法 ”时,引导定语从句的关系词有下列三种形式:that/inwhich/不填。
注意:关系词在从句中必须作状语。如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语,按正常的定语从句分析。
2、当先行词是time时,若time作“次数”讲,应用that引导定语从句,that可省略;若time作“一段时间”讲,应用关系副词when或介词at/during+which引导定语从句。
高一英语语法知识点总结相关 文章 :
★ 英语高一必修一语法知识点汇总
★ 高一英语语法总结大全
★ 高中英语语法知识点整理总结
★ 高一英语必修一知识点归纳总结
★ 高一英语语法知识点讲解
★ 高一英语必修一重要知识点总结笔记
★ 人教版高中英语必修一语法知识点总结
★ 高一英语必修一语法知识汇总
★ 高一英语必修一语法知识总结
★ 英语高一必修一语法总结
直接引语 间接引语 现在进行时 一般现在时 定语从句 非限定性定语从句 被动语态
高一英语必修一语法要点一. 一般现在时1. 表示主语现在所处的状态及其所具备的特征、性格、能力等例如:I am a girl.2. 表示习惯性、经常性的动作例如:I usually go to bed at 9:00.3. 标志性的词语Always often sometimes now and then 4. 若助于为第三人称单数(he she it)则动词要用单三现二. 现在进行时1. 说话时正在进行的动作例如:I am reading.2.表示即将发生的动作,多用于go come start leave return arrive stay fly等词语之中,句子中常常有时间状语例如:The plane is going to Beijing.3.当句子中出现了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、All the time等例如:I am always thinking of you.三. 倍数比较1.A+系动词+倍数词+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B例如:The class is twice as big as that one.2.A+系动词+倍数词+adj\adv的比较级+than+B例如:The class is twice bigger than that class.3.A+系动词+倍数词+the size\amount(数量)\ength\width\height\depth\+of+B例如:The class is twice the size of that class.四. With的复合结构1. With+宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语根据逻辑意义的不同可以是不同的词语,如形容词、现在分词、过去分词、副词、介词短语、不定式等,with在复合结构中常作状语2.常用结构○1with+宾语+doing表主动与进行例如:Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.○2with+宾语+done表被动与完成例如:With all things she need bought,she went home.○3with+宾语+to do表将来例如:With so many thing to deal with.五. 现在完成进行时现在完成进行时1.基本表达式(I have been doing ) I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth. he/ she/ it has been doing sth. 2.表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,并且还将持续下去。 The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. 中国有2000年的造纸历史。(动作还将继续下去) I have been learning English since three years ago. 自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。(动作还将继续下去) 3.表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。 We have been waiting for you for half an hour. 我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到,如同在电话里说的,还会继续等) 4.有些现在完成进行时的句子等同的句子。 例如:They have been living in this city for ten years. They have lived in this city for ten years. 他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。 I have been working here for five years. I have worked here for five years. 我在这里已经工作五年了。 5.大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。 例如:I have been writing a book.(动作还将继续下去) 我一直在写一本书。 I have written a book.(动作已经完成) 我已经写了一本书。 They have been building a bridge. 他们一直在造一座桥。 They have built a bridge. 他们造了一座桥。 6.表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。 例如:I have known him for years. 我认识他已经好几年了。 I have been knowing... 这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有:love爱,like喜欢, hate讨厌,等。 注意:比较过去时与现在完成时1.过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。 2.过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。 一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语 共同的时间状语: this morning, tonight,this April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately 现在完成时的时间状语 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always, 不确定的时间状语 3.现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。 例如: I saw this film yesterday. (强调看的动作发生过了。) I have seen this film. (强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了。) Why did you get up so early? (强调起床的动作已发生过了。) Who hasn't handed in his paper? (强调有卷子,可能为不公平竞争。) She has returned from Paris. 她已从巴黎回来了。 She returned yesterday. 她是昨天回来了。 He has been in the League for three years. (在团内的状态可延续) He has been a League member for three years. (是团员的状态可持续) He joined the League three years ago. ( 三年前入团,joined为短暂行为。) I have finished my homework now. ---Will somebody go and get Dr. White? ---He's already been sent for. 句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。 (错)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. (对)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 六.过去完成时1. 概念:表示过去的过去 其构成是had +过去分词构成。 那时以前 那时 现在 2. 用法 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. b. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. c. 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 3.过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 例如:He said that he had learned some English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 七.现在完成进行时1.其构成形式如下: I / we / they have been + 动词的现在分词 He / she / it has been + 动词的现在分词 功用如下: 2. 表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的行动,如: Ann is very tired. She has been working hard. Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing? 3.表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的行动,如: It has been raining for two hours. (现在还在下) Jack hasn’t been feeling very well recently. 4. 表示一个从过去开始延续到现在,可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内,重复发生的行动,如: She has been playing tennis since she was eight. 5. 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响,而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身,如: Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car. The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it. 注意: 现在完成时有否定结构、而现在完成进行时没有否定结构。 现在完成时态可表示做完的时期以及已有的经验、但现在完成进行时不可以 现在完成进行时的否定结构 现在完成进行时有时也可用否定结构。如: Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven’t been sleeping at all well. 自从上周发生了那次不幸事故之后,我一直睡得很不好. He hasn’t been working for me and I haven’t has that much contact with him. 他并没有给我工作过,我和他没有过那许多接触。 6.否定句构成: 主语+has/have+not+been+现在分词 7.一般疑问句构成: Have/has+主语+been+现在分词+其他好好努力吧!
高一高二英语语法重点
幸福不在知识之中,而在对知识的获取之中!在永远的获取中,我们永远被赐福;无所不知则是魔鬼的诅咒。下面我给大家分享一些高中必修二英语的语法知识,希望能够帮助大家,欢迎阅读!
高中必修二英语的语法知识1
非限定性定语从句
非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明(注:通常和主句间用逗号隔开,不受主句 句子 结构的影响,将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立)
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的六点区别
区别一:形式不同
限定性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开,口语中使用时也不停顿;而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开,口语中使用时有停顿。
区别二:功能不同
限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别,如果去掉,就会造成句意不完整或概念不清;而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用,如果省略,句意仍然清楚、完整。如:
People who take physical exercise live longer. 进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义)
His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女儿现在在波士顿,下星期回来。(若把从句去句子意义仍然完整)
区别三:翻译不同
在翻译定语从句时,一般把限定性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前,而把非限定性定语从句与主句分开。如:
He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽车被窃的那个人。
I’ve invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀请了吉姆,他就住在隔壁。
区别四:含义不同
比较下面的两个句子:
I have a sister who is a doctor. 我有一个医生的姐姐。(姐姐不止一个)
I have a sister, who is a doctor. 我有一个姐姐,她是当医生的。(只有一个姐姐)
区别五:先行词不同
限定性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词,而非限定性定语从句的先行词则可以是名词或代词,也可以是 短语 或句子;另外,当先行词为专有名词或其他具有独一无二性的普通名词时,通常要用非限制性定语从句,而不用限制性定语从句。如:
Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得开车很快,这是很危险的。(which指drive too fast)
He changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改变了主意,这使我很生气。(which指整个主句)
区别六:关系词不同
关系词that和why可用于限制性定语从句中,通常不用于非限制性定语从句;另外,在限制性定语从句中,关系词有时可以省略(参见本章有关内容),而在非限制性定语从句中关系词一律不省略。
高中必修二英语的语法知识2
“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中作介词后面的宾语时,有时可把介词提到关系代词的前面,但这时如果先行词是人,要用“介词+whom”引导定语从句;如果先行词是物,要用“介词+which”引导定语从句。且关系代词都不能省略。
Eg: 1. The girl whom I borrowed the bike from is my friend.
2. The girl from whom I borrowed the bike is my friend.
3. How is the film about which I often talked to you?
4. Is this the room in which Mr. Smith lives?
注意:一些固定的含有介词的短语动词在定语从句中不能拆开,即不能把介词放关系词前。
1. This is the bag which he is looking for .
2. The old lady whom she is looking after is her teacher.
高中必修二英语的语法知识3
被动语态
一. 概念:主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
二. 各种时态被动语态的形式
1. 一般现在时的被动语态 am/is/are + done
2. 一般过去时的被动语态 was/were + done
3. 一般将来时的被动语态 ⑴will be done is/am/are going to be done
4. 现在进行时的被动语态 is/am/are + being + done
表示说话人说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作,经常和时间副词now (现在), right now (现在, 此刻), at present (现在,目前), at this moment (此刻)连用。
5.现在完成时的被动 have/has been done
现在完成时常与already, always, often, ever, never, yet, not...yet, just等不表示明确的时间副词连用, 还可以和表示时间一直延续到目前的带(ever )since, for的状语及包括现在在内的词连用。如: now, today, this month, this year, recently, these days,many times, so far, by now, in the past/last few days/years… 等。6. 过去完成时的被动 had been done
7. 过去将来时的被动 would be done
8. 过去进行时的被动 was/were being done
9. 带情态动词的被动语态 情态动词 + be done
10. 动词不定式的被动式 to be done
. It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here.
三. 注意事项
1. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态
happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。
2. 短语动词、固定搭配变被动语态介词或副词不能省。
. Time should be made full use of.
3. 双宾语:一个宾语成主语,另一主语保留不变。
. Mother will buy me an iphone5. → I will be bought an iphone5 (by my mother) .
→ An iphone5 will be bought for me (by my mother) .
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★ 高中英语知识归纳笔记
★ 高中英语必修二知识点总结
★ 英语必修二知识点总结
★ 高一英语必修二知识点梳理
★ 英语必修2第二单元知识点
【篇一】
good to对……友好be good for对……有益;be bad to…/be bad for…
up加起来 增加
add up to合计,总计
add…to把……加到……
…until/till意思是“直到…才”
sth/sb done使……完成/使某人被……
down平静下来
concerned about关心,关注
7.当while,when,before,after 等引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时,可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。
While walking the dog,you were careless and it got loose.
in the exam考试作弊
through经历;度过;获准,通过
away躲藏;隐藏
down写下,记下
wonder if…我不知道是不是…
purpose故意
happen to sb某人发生某事
sb happen to do sth某人碰巧做某事
it so happened that……正巧 碰巧
is the first(second…)that…(从句谓语动词用现在完成时)
one’s power处于……的控制之中
’s no pleasure doing…做…没有乐趣
It’s no good/use doing sth.做某事是没好处/没用的
found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding 做形式宾语
from患…病;遭受
…that…/such…thay…
tired of…对…感到劳累 疲惫
some trouble with sb/sth.在……上遇到了麻烦
along with sb/sth.与某人相处
(sb)for advice.(向某人)征求建议
后接复合宾语,宾语补足语须用不带to的不定式、形容词、过去分词、名词等。常见的有以下几种形式:
make sth.让(使)某人做某事
make sb./sth.+adj.使某人/物…
make sb./oneself+v-ed 让某人/自己被…
When you speak,you should make yourself understood.
make sb.+n.使某人成为…
/lonely.单独的/孤独的
would be grateful if…委婉客气提出请求
not do…=why don’t you do…
【篇二】
of因为……(注意和because 的区别)
if(=even thoug)即使,用来引导让步状语从句
up走上前来,走近,发生,出现 come up with 追上,赶上,提出
with sb和某人交流
different from…与……不同
be different in…在……方面不同
Most of my projects are different in performance.我多数作品的演奏风格都不同。
based on以……为基础
present目前,眼下for the present眼前;暂时
(good/better/full)use of
latter后者 the former前者
large number of大量的 the number of…的数量
as例如
on坚持住,握住不放;(打电话时)等—会
13.…you will hear the difference in the way(that/in which)people speak.
你会听出人们在说话时的差异。
a role/part(in)在…中担任角色;在…中起作用;扮演一个角色
same…as…与……一样
the top of…在…顶上
at the bottom of在……底部
up教养,养育;提出
sb(not)to do sth.要求某人做/不要做某事
satisfied with…对……感到满意,满足于
v.(request,insist…)
I suggested you do what he says.我建议你按照他说的去做。
I suggest you not go tomorrow.我想你明天还是不要去了。
His pale face suggested that he was in bad health.他苍白的脸色暗示了他身体不好。
注意:insist 意思为“坚持要求”时后面的that从句用虚拟语气;如果insist 意为“强调,坚持认为”的时候,从句可以用任何所需要的时态。例如:She insisted that she didn’t tell a lie.她坚持认为她没撒谎。
to…按照…根据…
【篇三】
Prefer doing…to doing…
Prefer to do rather than do
优势/劣势
since middle school,my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.从高中起,我姐姐王维和我就一直梦想做一次伟大的自行车旅行。
连词since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,介词since与时间点连用
It is/has been+一段时间+since+一般过去时自从……至今已经多久了。
sb to do sth=persuade sb into doing sth说服某人做某事
4.强调句型It is/was+被强调部分+that/who
强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份。一般来说,如果被强调部分是人时,用连词that或who;如果被强调部分是物,只能用连词that。
not…until的强调句
fond of喜欢,喜爱
尽管,虽然,引导让步状语从句
① although 从句多在句首,though 从句可在主句前、中、后任何位置,而且though 可以作副词用于句末,作“但是,不过”讲,而although 无此用法。
② as though(仿佛,好像),even though(即使,尽管)中不能用although。
③ though 引导的让步状语从句可以倒装(将表语、状语、情态动词后的动词原形前置到句首,此用法同as),而 although 不可以。
on doing sth/sth.一定要、坚持主张
She insists on getting up early and playing her radio loudly.
她老是一大早起来把收音机音量开大
about关心 在乎
care for喜欢,照料,照顾
one’s mind改变主意
经历/经验
可作为从属连词,作“一(旦)……就……”解,连接一个表示时间的状语从句。从句中常用一般现在时\现在完成时表将来。
Once you have begun you must continue.
in让步 give up 放弃
of代替,而不是
up one’s mind to do下定决心做某事
large parcel of一大包
usual像往常一样
up our tent搭帐篷
awake睡不着,醒着stay up熬夜
company做伴
beneath the stars躺在星空下
hardly wait to do=can’t wait to do迫不及待做某事
in the right direction走正确的方向
a very slow pace.以很慢的速度
similar to类似于
to do sth付得起,能承担
tired from因……而疲劳be tired of对……厌倦
in high spirits喜气洋洋,兴高采烈
true实现,成真
sb some advice on doing...
guide to………的指南
a tour在游览中,在巡演中
detail详细地
高二年级英语语法知识重点【篇一】
一、不定式做主语:
1、不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。===动名词doing 表示习惯的,经常的动作。
: To finish the building in a month is difficult.
To do such things is foolish.
To see is to believe. (对等)
注: 1). 不定式作主语时,谓语用单数
2). 当主语较长,谓语较短时,常用it做形式主语,而将不定式放到谓语的后面。
it做形式主语,不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中:
(1)It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do…
(2) It is +adj.+for sb.+to do…
It is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary
(3) it is +a +名词+ to do...
It is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / one’s duty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job… to do
It takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience …to do…
It requires courage / patience / hard work… to do…
*注意: probable 和 possible 均可作表语,但possible可以用不定式作真实主语, 而probable不能用不定式作真实主语。
It is probable for him to come to the meeting.(错)
It is possible for him to come to the meeting.
It is possible / probable that he will come to the meeting.
二、不定式做表语
主语是以aim duty hope idea intention plan job suggestion wish purpose task 等为中心词的名词词组 或以 what 引导的名词性从句表示,后面的不定式说明其内容, 不定式作表语常表示将来或现在的动作或状态。
eg :My idea is to climb the mountain from the north.
Your mistake was not to write that letter.
What I would suggest is to start work at once.
三、动词不定式作宾语
以不定式结构为宾语的动词有:
ask, agree, care, choose, demand, decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish等只能用动词不定式作宾语
口诀(接不定式作宾语的动词)
想要学习 早打算( want learn plan)
快准备 有希望( prepare hope wish expect)
同意否 供选择(agree offer choose)
决定了 已答应(decide be determined promise)
尽力去 着手做(manage undertake)
别拒绝 别假装(refuse pretend)
失败不是属于你(fail)
refused to lend me his pen.
We hope to get there before dark.
The girl decided to do it herself.
*注意:某些及物动词可用-ing也可用动词不定式作宾语但意义不同的有
stop go on remember forget
regret try mean can’t help
be used to
高二年级英语语法知识重点【篇二】
She found the door broken in when she came back.(宾补与宾语有被动的关系,表一种状态。)
一. 过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等的后面。
Eg:They kept the door locked for a long time.
Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.(谚语:少说多看)
Don't leave such an important thing undone.
Don't leave the windows broken like this all the time.
二.过分词用在get,have,make, 的后面。
1.注意“have +宾语+过去分词”的两种情况:
A)表"让某人做某事/让某事(被人)做"
eg: I have had my bike repaired.
The villagers had many trees planted just then.
B)表"遭遇到某种不幸,受到打击/受....影响,蒙受..... 损失"
Eg:I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month.
The old man had his leg broken in the accident.
He had his leg broken in the match yesterday.(MET1986)
2."make+宾语+过去分词",在这种结构中,过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。如:
They managed to make themselves understood in very simple English.
I raised my voice to make myself heard.
三、过去分词用在感观动词watch,notice,see,hear,listen to ,feel,find等后面。如
When we got to school,we saw the door locked.
We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.
He felt himself cheated.
The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year.(NMET2000)
四、过去分词用在want,wish,like ,expect等表示“希望,愿望”这一类动词后面做宾补。如
The boss wouldn't like the problem discussed at the moment.
I would like my house painted white.
I want the suit made to his own measure.
I wish the problem settled.
五、过去分词用在“with +宾语+宾补”这一结构中,过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如:
The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.
With many brightly-coloured flowers planted around the building ,his house looks like a beautiful garden.
With everything well arranged,he left the office.
六、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。
现在分词作宾补:宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。其动作与谓语动作同时进行。
过去分词作宾补:宾语和补语之间是动宾关系。其动作先于谓语动作。
不定式作宾补: 表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。
eg:He didn't notice me waiting.
I heard the song sung in English.
I saw him opening the window.
I saw the window opened.
I saw him open the window.
I heard her sing the song in English.