经济学术语英语
经济学中常用的一些英语词汇如下:
1、socialist economy
英 [ˈsəʊʃəlɪst ɪˈkɒnəmi] 美 [ˈsoʊʃəlɪst ɪˈkɑːnəmi] 社会主义经济
例如:The relationship of the socialist economy to the capitalist economy is that of the leader to the led. 社会主义经济和资本主义经济是领导和被领导的关系。
2、economic policy
英 [ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk ˈpɒləsi] 美 [ˌiːkəˈnɑːmɪk ˈpɑːləsi] 经济政策
例如:His administration's economic policy would focus on reining in inflation. 他的政府的经济政策将侧重于控制通货膨胀。
3、initial capital
英 [ɪˈnɪʃl ˈkæpɪtl] 美 [ɪˈnɪʃl ˈkæpɪtl] 原始股本;创办资本
例如:Companies limited by guarantee are rare as they do not raise initial capital from their shareholders. 担保有限公司比较少见,因为他们不向股东筹措原始资本。
4、investment
英 [ɪnˈvestmənt] 美 [ɪnˈvestmənt] n.投资;投资额;投资物;值得买的东西;有用的投资物
例如:He said the government must introduce tax incentives to encourage investment. 他说政府必须推出税收激励政策来鼓励投资。
5、money
英 [ˈmʌni] 美 [ˈmʌni] n.钱;薪水;收入;钱币;钞票;财产;财富
例如:Can you lend me some money until tomorrow? 能借我点儿钱吗?明天就还。
6、revaluation
英 [ˌriːvæljuˈeɪʃn] 美 [ˌriːvæljuˈeɪʃn] n.再评价;重估计
例如:Two other concepts related to the value of a currency are devaluation or revaluation. 另外两个涉及某种通货价值的概念是法定升值和法定贬值。
7、par value
英 [pɑː(r) ˈvæljuː] 美 [pɑːr ˈvæljuː] 面值,票面价值;名义价值,平价
例如:For investors, a common stock's par value is meaningless. 对于投资者而言,一只普通股的票面价值是没有意义的。
消费者物价指数(ConsumerPriceIndex),英文缩写为CPIGDP即英文grossdomesticproduct的缩写——国内生产总值GNP(GrossNationalProduct)——国民生产总值生产者物价指数(PPI):ProducerPriceIndexesPMI即采购经理指数(PurchaseManagementIndex),英文缩写为PMI。PMI是一套月度发布的、综合性的经济监测指标体系NNP(NetNationalProduct)NNP=GNP-折旧。NI(NationalIncome)国民收入PI(PersonalIncome)个人收入DPI(DisposablePersonalIncome)DPI=PI-所得税=个人消费C+个人储蓄S。
西方经济学英文缩写名词解释第一章略第二章D Demand 需求S Supply 供给P Price 价格Q Quantity 数量Ed Price elasticity of demand 需求价格弹性EM income elasticity of demand 需求收入弹性M money 收入EAB Cross price elasticity of demand 需求交叉价格弹性Es Price elasticity of supply 供给价格弹性第三章TU Total utility 总效用 TU=f(Q)MU Marginal utility 边际效用MRSXY Marginal rate of substitution 商品边际替代率第四章L Labour 劳动K Capital 资本TC total cost 总成本 TC=f(Q) 4.1AC average cost 平均成本MC marginal cost 边际成本FC Fixed cost 不变成本 FC=常量 4.4VC Variable cost 可变成本 VC=f(Q) 4.5TR Total revenue 总收益 TR=f(Q)=P×QAR Average revenue 平均收益MR Marginal revenue 边际收益π 利润 π=TR-TC 4.6TP Total product 总产量 TP=f(L) 4.7AP Average product 平均产量MP Marginal product 边际产量MRTSLK Marginal rate of technical substitution 边际技术替代率STC Short-run total cost 短期总成本 STC=f(Q)=FC+VCSTFC(FC) Short-run total fixed cost 短期总不变成本(固定成本) STFC=常量 STVC(VC) Short-run total variable cost 短期总可变成本(可变成本) STVC=f(Q) SAC(ATC) Short-run average cost 短期平均成本SAFC(AFC) Short-run average fixed cost (短期)平均固定成本SAVC(AVC) Short-run average variable cost (短期)平均可变成本SMC Short-run marginal cost 短期边际成本LTC Long-run total cost 长期总成本 LTC=f(Q)LAC Long-run average cost 长期平均成本LMC Long-run marginal cost 长期边际成本第六章VMP Value of marginal product 边际产品价值MRP Marginal revenue product 边际收益产量W Wage 工资第九章GDP Gross demestic product 国内生产总值C Consumption 消费 C=f(Y)=C0+bY 9.1I Investment 投资G Government payment 政府购买NX Net export 净出口 NX=X-MX export 出口M import 进口NDP Net domestic product 国内生产净值NI National income 国民收入PI Personal income 个人收入PDI Personal disposable income 个人可支配收入GNP Gross national product 国民生产总值第十章Y 总量APC Average propensity to consumption 平均消费倾向 MPC marginal propensity to consumption 边际消费倾向 S Save 储蓄APS Average propensity to save 平均储蓄倾向MPS marginal propensity to save 边际储蓄倾向AD Aggregate demand 总需求 AD=C+I+G+XAS Aggregate supply 总供给 AS=C+S+T+MT tax 税收K multiplier 乘数第十一章MEC Marginal efficiency of capital 资本边际效率 L Demand for money 货币需求 L=L1(Y)+L2(R)R Rate 利率M Money supply 货币供给第十三章CPI Consumer price index 消费物价指数第十四章KG Government expenditure multiplier 政府购买支出乘数 KTR Transfer payment multiplier 转移支付乘数 14.2 TR transfer 转移支付KT Tax multiplier 税收乘数KB Balanced budget multiplier 平衡预算乘数第十五章Mh Money base 基础货币(高能货币) Mh=M0+RE 15.1 Ke Deposit expansion multiplier 存款乘数Km Money multiplier 货币乘数第十六章M import 进口 M=M0+mYKX Foreign trade multiplier 对外贸易乘数第十七章G rate of growth 经济增长率Gt 实际增长率Gw Warranted rate of growth 合意增长率 Gn Nature rate of growth 实际增长率
经济学英文术语
希望对你有所帮助!!经济学专有名词Aaccounting:会计accounting cost :会计成本accounting profit :会计利润adverse selection :逆向选择allocation 配置allocation of resources :资源配置allocative efficiency :配置效率antitrust legislation :反托拉斯法arc elasticity :弧弹性Arrow's impossibility theorem :阿罗不可能定理Assumption :假设asymetric information :非对称性信息average :平均average cost :平均成本average cost pricing :平均成本定价法average fixed cost :平均固定成本average product of capital :资本平均产量average product of labour :劳动平均产量average revenue :平均收益average total cost :平均总成本average variable cost :平均可变成本Bbarriers to entry :进入壁垒base year :基年bilateral monopoly :双边垄断benefit :收益black market :黑市bliss point :极乐点boundary point :边界点break even point :收支相抵点budget :预算budget constraint :预算约束budget line :预算线budget set 预算集Ccapital :资本capital stock :资本存量capital output ratio :资本产出比率capitalism :资本主义cardinal utility theory :基数效用论cartel :卡特尔ceteris puribus assumption :“其他条件不变”的假设ceteris puribus demand curve :其他因素不变的需求曲线Chamberlin model :张伯伦模型change in demand :需求变化change in quantity demanded :需求量变化change in quantity supplied :供给量变化change in supply :供给变化choice :选择closed set :闭集Coase theorem :科斯定理Cobb—Douglas production function :柯布--道格拉斯生产函数cobweb model :蛛网模型collective bargaining :集体协议工资collusion :合谋command economy :指令经济commodity :商品commodity combination :商品组合commodity market :商品市场commodity space :商品空间common property :公用财产comparative static analysis :比较静态分析compensated budget line :补偿预算线compensated demand function :补偿需求函数compensation principles :补偿原则compensating variation in income :收入补偿变量competition :竞争competitive market :竞争性市场complement goods :互补品complete information :完全信息completeness :完备性condition for efficiency in exchange :交换的最优条件condition for efficiency in production :生产的最优条件concave :凹concave function :凹函数concave preference :凹偏好consistence :一致性constant cost industry :成本不变产业constant returns to scale :规模报酬不变constraints :约束consumer :消费者consumer behavior :消费者行为consumer choice :消费者选择consumer equilibrium :消费者均衡consumer optimization :消费者优化consumer preference :消费者偏好consumer surplus :消费者剩余consumer theory :消费者理论consumption :消费consumption bundle :消费束consumption combination :消费组合consumption possibility curve :消费可能曲线consumption possibility frontier :消费可能性前沿consumption set :消费集consumption space :消费空间continuity :连续性continuous function :连续函数contract curve :契约曲线convex :凸convex function :凸函数convex preference :凸偏好convex set :凸集corporatlon :公司cost :成本cost benefit analysis :成本收益分cost function :成本函数cost minimization :成本极小化Cournot equilihrium :古诺均衡Cournot model :古诺模型Cross—price elasticity :交叉价格弹性Ddead—weights loss :重负损失decreasing cost industry :成本递减产业decreasing returns to scale :规模报酬递减deduction :演绎法demand :需求demand curve :需求曲线demand elasticity :需求弹性demand function :需求函数demand price :需求价格demand schedule :需求表depreciation :折旧derivative :导数derive demand :派生需求difference equation :差分方程differential equation :微分方程differentiated good :差异商品differentiated oligoply :差异寡头diminishing marginal substitution :边际替代率递减diminishing marginal return :收益递减diminishing marginal utility :边际效用递减direct approach :直接法direct taxes :直接税discounting :贴税、折扣diseconomies of scale :规模不经济disequilibrium :非均衡distribution :分配division of labour :劳动分工distribution theory of marginal productivity :边际生产率分配论duoupoly :双头垄断、双寡duality :对偶durable goods :耐用品dynamic analysis :动态分析dynamic models :动态模型EEconomic agents :经济行为者economic cost :经济成本economic efficiency :经济效率economic goods :经济物品economic man :经济人economic mode :经济模型economic profit :经济利润economic region of production :生产的经济区域economic regulation :经济调节economic rent :经济租金exchange :交换economics :经济学exchange efficiency :交换效率economy :经济exchange contract curve :交换契约曲线economy of scale :规模经济Edgeworth box diagram :埃奇沃思图exclusion :排斥性、排他性Edgeworth contract curve :埃奇沃思契约线Edgeworth model :埃奇沃思模型efficiency :效率,效益efficiency parameter :效率参数elasticity :弹性elasticity of substitution :替代弹性endogenous variable :内生变量endowment :禀赋endowment of resources :资源禀赋Engel curve :恩格尔曲线entrepreneur :企业家entrepreneurship :企业家才能entry barriers :进入壁垒entry/exit decision :进出决策envolope curve :包络线equilibrium :均衡equilibrium condition :均衡条件equilibrium price :均衡价格equilibrium quantity :均衡产量eqity :公平equivalent variation in income :收入等价变量excess—capacity theorem :过度生产能力定理excess supply :过度供给exchange :交换exchange contract curve :交换契约曲线exclusion :排斥性、排他性exclusion principle :排他性原则existence :存在性existence of general equilibrium :总体均衡的存在性exogenous variables :外生变量expansion paths :扩展径expectation :期望expected utility :期望效用expected value :期望值expenditure :支出explicit cost :显性成本external benefit :外部收益external cost :外部成本external economy :外部经济external diseconomy :外部不经济externalities :外部性FFactor :要素factor demand :要素需求factor market :要素市场factors of production :生产要素factor substitution :要素替代factor supply :要素供给fallacy of composition :合成谬误final goods :最终产品firm :企业firms’demand curve for labor :企业劳动需求曲线firm supply curve :企业供给曲线first-degree price discrimination :第一级价格歧视first—order condition :一阶条件fixed costs :固定成本fixed input :固定投入fixed proportions production function :固定比例的生产函数flow :流量fluctuation :波动for whom to produce :为谁生产free entry :自由进入free goods :自由品,免费品free mobility of resources :资源自由流动free rider :搭便车,免费搭车function :函数future value :未来值Ggame theory :对策论、博弈论general equilibrium :总体均衡general goods :一般商品Giffen goods :吉芬晶 收入补偿需求曲线Giffen's Paradox :吉芬之谜Gini coefficient :吉尼系数goldenrule :黄金规则goods :货物government failure :政府失败government regulation :政府调控grand utility possibility curve :总效用可能曲线grand utility possibility frontier :总效用可能前沿Hheterogeneous product :异质产品Hicks—kaldor welfare criterion :希克斯一卡尔多福利标准homogeneity :齐次性homogeneous demand function :齐次需求函数homogeneous product :同质产品homogeneous production function :齐次生产函数horizontal summation :水平和household :家庭how to produce :如何生产human capital :人力资本hypothesis :假说Iidentity :恒等式imperfect competion :不完全竞争implicitcost :隐性成本income :收入income compensated demand curve :收入补偿需求曲线income constraint :收入约束income consumption curve :收入消费曲线income distribution :收入分配income effect :收入效应income elasticity of demand :需求收入弹性increasing cost industry :成本递增产业increasing returns to scale :规模报酬递增inefficiency :缺乏效率index number :指数indifference :无差异indifference curve :无差异曲线indifference map :无差异族indifference relation :无差异关系indifference set :无差异集indirect approach :间接法individual analysis :个量分析individual demand curve :个人需求曲线individual demand function :个人需求函数induced variable :引致变量induction :归纳法industry :产业industry equilibrium :产业均衡industry supply curve :产业供给曲线inelastic :缺乏弹性的inferior goods :劣品inflection point :拐点information :信息information cost :信息成本initial condition :初始条件initial endowment :初始禀赋innovation :创新input :投入input—output :投入—产出institution :制度institutional economics :制度经济学insurance :保险intercept :截距interest :利息interest rate :利息率intermediate goods :中间产品internatization of externalities :外部性内部化invention :发明inverse demand function :逆需求函数investment :投资invisible hand :看不见的手isocost line :等成本线,isoprofit curve :等利润曲线isoquant curve :等产量曲线isoquant map :等产量族Kkinded—demand curve :弯折的需求曲线Llabour :劳动labour demand :劳动需求labour supply :劳动供给labour theory of value :劳动价值论labour unions :工会laissez faire :自由放任Lagrangian function :拉格朗日函数Lagrangian multiplier :拉格朗乘数,land :土地law :法则law of demand and supply :供需法law of diminishing marginal utility :边际效用递减法则law of diminishing marginal rate of substitution :边际替代率递减法则law of diminishing marginal rate of technical substitution :边际技术替代率law of increasing cost :成本递增法则law of one price :单一价格法则leader—follower model :领导者--跟随者模型least—cost combination of inputs :最低成本的投入组合leisure :闲暇Leontief production function :列昂节夫生产函数licenses :许可证linear demand function :线性需求函数linear homogeneity :线性齐次性linear homogeneous production function :线性齐次生产函数long run :长期long run average cost :长期平均成本long run equilibrium :长期均衡long run industry supply curve :长期产业供给曲线long run marginal cost :长期边际成本long run total cost :长期总成本Lorenz curve :洛伦兹曲线loss minimization :损失极小化1ump sum tax :一次性征税luxury :奢侈品Mmacroeconomics :宏观经济学marginal :边际的marginal benefit :边际收益marginal cost :边际成本marginal cost pricing :边际成本定价marginal cost of factor :边际要素成本marginal physical productivity :实际实物生产率marginal product :边际产量marginal product of capital :资本的边际产量marginal product of 1abour :劳动的边际产量marginal productivity :边际生产率marginal rate of substitution :边替代率marginal rate of transformation 边际转换率marginal returns :边际回报marginal revenue :边际收益marginal revenue product :边际收益产品marginal revolution :边际革命marginal social benefit :社会边际收益marginal social cost :社会边际成本marginal utility :边际效用marginal value products :边际价值产品market :市场market clearance :市场结清,市场洗清market demand :市场需求market economy :市场经济market equilibrium :市场均衡market failure :市场失败market mechanism :市场机制market structure :市场结构market separation :市场分割market regulation :市场调节market share :市场份额markup pricing :加减定价法Marshallian demand function :马歇尔需求函数maximization :极大化microeconomics :微观经济学minimum wage :最低工资misallocation of resources :资源误置mixed economy :混合经济model :模型money :货币monopolistic competition :垄断竞争monopolistic exploitation :垄断剥削monopoly :垄断,卖方垄断monopoly equilibrium :垄断均衡monopoly pricing :垄断定价monopoly regulation :垄断调控monopoly rents :垄断租金monopsony :买方垄断NNash equilibrium :纳什均衡Natural monopoly :自然垄断Natural resources :自然资源Necessary condition :必要条件necessities :必需品net demand :净需求nonconvex preference :非凸性偏好nonconvexity :非凸性nonexclusion :非排斥性nonlinear pricing :非线性定价nonrivalry :非对抗性nonprice competition :非价格竞争nonsatiation :非饱和性non--zero—sum game :非零和对策normal goods :正常品normal profit :正常利润normative economics :规范经济学Oobjective function :目标函数oligopoly :寡头垄断oligopoly market :寡头市场oligopoly model :寡头模型opportunity cost :机会成本optimal choice :最佳选择optimal consumption bundle :消费束perfect elasticity :完全有弹性optimal resource allocation :最佳资源配置optimal scale :最佳规模optimal solution :最优解optimization :优化ordering of optimization(social) preference :(社会)偏好排序ordinal utility :序数效用ordinary goods :一般品output :产量、产出output elasticity :产出弹性output maximization 产出极大化Pparameter :参数Pareto criterion :帕累托标准Pareto efficiency :帕累托效率Pareto improvement :帕累托改进Pareto optimality :帕累托优化Pareto set :帕累托集partial derivative :偏导数partial equilibrium :局部均衡patent :专利pay off matrix :收益矩阵、支付矩阵perceived demand curve :感觉到的需求曲线perfect competition :完全竞争perfect complement :完全互补品perfect monopoly :完全垄断perfect price discrimination :完全价格歧视perfect substitution :完全替代品perfect inelasticity :完全无弹性perfectly elastic :完全有弹性perfectly inelastic :完全无弹性plant size :工厂规模point elasticity :点弹性post Hoc Fallacy :后此谬误prediction :预测preference :偏好preference relation :偏好关系present value :现值price :价格price adjustment model :价格调整模型price ceiling :最高限价price consumption curve :价格费曲线price control :价格管制price difference :价格差别price discrimination :价格歧视price elasticity of demand :需求价格弹性price elasticity of supply :供给价格弹性price floor :最低限价price maker :价格制定者price rigidity :价格刚性price seeker :价格搜求者price taker :价格接受者price tax :从价税private benefit :私人收益principal—agent issues :委托--代理问题private cost :私人成本private goods :私人用品private property :私人财产producer equilibrium :生产者均衡producer theory :生产者理论product :产品product transformation curve :产品转换曲线product differentiation :产品差异product group :产品集团production :生产production contract curve :生产契约曲线production efficiency :生产效率production function :生产函数production possibility curve :生产可能性曲线productivity :生产率productivity of capital :资本生产率productivity of labor :劳动生产率profit :利润profit function :利润函数profit maximization :利润极大化property rights :产权property rights economics :产权经济学proposition :定理proportional demand curve :成比例的需求曲线public benefits :公共收益public choice :公共选择public goods :公共商品pure competition :纯粹竞争rivalry :对抗性、竞争pure exchange :纯交换pure monopoly :纯粹垄断Qquantity—adjustment model :数量调整模型quantity tax :从量税quasi—rent :准租金Rrate of product transformation :产品转换率rationality :理性reaction function :反应函数regulation :调节,调控relative price 相对价格rent :租金rent control :规模报酬rent seeking :寻租rent seeking economics :寻租经济学resource :资源resource allocation :资源配置returns :报酬、回报returns to scale :规模报酬revealed preference :显示性偏好revenue :收益revenue curve :收益曲线revenue function :收益函数revenue maximization :收益极大化ridge line :脊线risk :风险satiation :饱和,满足saving :储蓄scarcity :稀缺性law of scarcity :稀缺法则second—degree price discrimination :二级价格歧视second derivative :--阶导数second—order condition :二阶条件service :劳务set :集shadow prices :影子价格short—run :短期short—run cost curve :短期成本曲线short—run equilibrium :短期均衡short—run supply curve :短期供给曲线shut down decision :关闭决策shortage 短缺shut down point :关闭点single price monopoly :单一定价垄断slope :斜率social benefit :社会收益social cost :社会成本social indifference curve :社会无差异曲线social preference :社会偏好social security :社会保障social welfare function :社会福利函数socialism :社会主义solution :解space :空间stability :稳定性stable equilibrium :稳定的均衡Stackelberg model :斯塔克尔贝格模型static analysis :静态分析stock :存量stock market :股票市场strategy :策略subsidy :津贴substitutes :替代品substitution effect :替代效应substitution parameter :替代参数sufficient condition :充分条件supply :供给supply curve :供给曲线supply function :供给函数supply schedule :供给表Sweezy model :斯威齐模型symmetry :对称性symmetry of information :信息对称Ttangency :相切taste :兴致technical efficiency :技术效率technological constraints ;技术约束technological progress :技术进步technology :技术third—degree price discrimination :第三级价格歧视total cost :总成本total effect :总效应total expenditure :总支出total fixed cost :总固定成本total product :总产量total revenue :总收益total utility :总效用total variable cost :总可变成本traditional economy :传统经济transitivity :传递性transaction cost :交易费用uncertainty :不确定性uniqueness :唯一性unit elasticity :单位弹性unstable equilibrium :不稳定均衡utility :效用utility function :效用函数utility index :效用指数utility maximization :效用极大化utility possibility curve :效用可能性曲线utility possibility frontier :效用可能性前沿Vvalue :价值value judge :价值判断value of marginal product :边际产量价值variable cost :可变成本variable input :可变投入variables :变量vector :向量visible hand :看得见的手vulgur economics :庸俗经济学Wwage :工资wage rate :工资率Walras general equilibrium :瓦尔拉斯总体均衡Walras's law :瓦尔拉斯法则Wants :需要Welfare criterion :福利标准Welfare economics :福利经学Welfare loss triangle :福利损失三角形welfare maximization :福利极大化Zzero cost :零成本zero elasticity :零弹性zero homogeneity :零阶齐次性zero economic profit :零利润
经济学英语词汇General terms 一般术语 economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济 capitalist economy 资本主义经济 collective economy 集体经济 planned economy 计划经济 controlled economy 管制经济 rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 自由经济 mixed economy 混合经济 political economy 政治经济学 protectionism 保护主义 autarchy 闭关自守 primary sector 初级成分 private sector 私营成分,私营部门 public sector 公共部门,公共成分 economic channels 经济渠道 economic balance 经济平衡 economic fluctuation 经济波动 economic depression 经济衰退 economic stability 经济稳定 economic policy 经济政策 economic recovery 经济复原 understanding 约定 concentration 集中 holding company 控股公司 trust 托拉斯 cartel 卡特尔 rate of growth 增长 economic trend 经济趋势 economic situation 经济形势 infrastructure 基本建设 standard of living 生活标准,生活水平 purchasing power, buying power 购买力 scarcity 短缺 stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气 underdevelopment 不发达 underdeveloped 不发达的 developing 发展中的Capital 资本 initial capital 创办资本 frozen capital 冻结资金 frozen assets 冻结资产 fixed assets 固定资产 real estate 不动产,房地产 circulating capital, working capital 流动资本 available capital 可用资产 capital goods 资本货物 reserve 准备金,储备金 calling up of capital 催缴资本 allocation of funds 资金分配 contribution of funds 资金捐献 working capital fund 周转基金 revolving fund 循环基金,周转性基金 contingency fund 意外开支,准备金 reserve fund 准备金 buffer fund 缓冲基金,平准基金 sinking fund 偿债基金 investment 投资,资产 investor 投资人 self-financing 自筹经费,经费自给 bank 银行 current account 经常帐户 (美作:checking account) current-account holder 支票帐户 (美作:checking-account holder) cheque 支票 (美作:check) bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer 无记名支票,来人支票 crossed cheque 划线支票 traveller's cheque 旅行支票 chequebook 支票簿,支票本 (美作:checkbook) endorsement 背书 transfer 转让,转帐,过户 money 货币 issue 发行 ready money 现钱 cash 现金 ready money business, no credit given 现金交易,概不赊欠 change 零钱 banknote, note 钞票,纸币 (美作:bill) to pay (in) cash 付现金 domestic currency, local currency] 本国货币 convertibility 可兑换性 convertible currencies 可自由兑换货币 exchange rate 汇率,兑换率 foreign exchange 外汇 floating exchange rate 浮动汇率 free exchange rates 自由汇兑市场 foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券 hard currency 硬通货 speculation 投机 saving 储装,存款 depreciation 减价,贬值 devaluation (货币)贬值 revaluation 重估价 runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀 deflation 通货紧缩 capital flight 资本外逃 securities business 证券市场 stock exchange 股票市场 stock exchange corporation 证券交易所 stock exchange 证券交易所,股票交易所 quotation 报价,牌价 share 股份,股票 shareholder, stockholder 股票持有人,股东 dividend 股息,红利 cash dividend 现金配股 stock investment 股票投资 investment trust 投资信托 stock-jobber 股票经纪人 stock company, stock brokerage firm 证券公司 securities 有价证券 share, common stock 普通股 preference stock 优先股 income gain 股利收入 issue 发行股票 par value 股面价格, 票面价格 bull 买手, 多头 bear 卖手, 空头 assigned 过户 opening price 开盘 closing price 收盘 hard times 低潮 business recession 景气衰退 doldrums 景气停滞 dull 盘整 ease 松弛 raising limit 涨停板 break 暴跌 bond, debenture 债券 Wall Street 华尔街Credit 信贷 short term loan 短期贷款 long term loan 长期贷款 medium term loan 中期贷款 lender 债权人 creditor 债权人 debtor 债务人,借方 borrower 借方,借款人 borrowing 借款 interest 利息 rate of interest 利率 discount 贴现,折扣 rediscount 再贴现 annuity 年金 maturity 到期日,偿还日 amortization 摊销,摊还,分期偿付 redemption 偿还 insurance 保险 mortgage 抵押 allotment 拨款 short term credit 短期信贷 consolidated debt 合并债务 funded debt 固定债务,长期债务 floating debt 流动债务 drawing 提款,提存 aid 援助 allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴,补助金,津贴Pruduction 生产 output 产出,产量 producer 生产者,制造者 productive, producing 生产的 products, goods 产品 consumer goods 消费品 article 物品,商品 manufactured goods, finished goods 制成品,产成品 raw product 初级产品 semifinished goods 半成品 by-product 副产品 foodstuffs 食品 raw material 原料 supply 供应,补给 input 投入 productivity 生产率 productiveness 赢利性 overproduction 生产过剩Expenses 耗费 cost 成本,费用 expenditure, outgoings 开支,支出 fixed costs 固定成本 overhead costs 营业间接成本 overheads 杂项开支,间接成本 operating costs 生产费用,营业成本 operating expenses 营业费用 running expenses 日常费用,经营费用 miscellaneous costs 杂项费用 overhead expenses 间接费用,管理费用 upkeep costs, maintenance costs 维修费用,养护费用 transport costs 运输费用 social charges 社会负担费用 contingent expenses, contingencies 或有费用 apportionment of expenses 分摊费用Profit 利润 income 收入,收益 earnings 利润,收益 gross income, gross earnings 总收入,总收益 gross profit, gross benefit 毛利,总利润,利益毛额 net income 纯收益,净收入,收益净额 average income 平均收入 national income 国民收入 profitability, profit earning capacity 利润率,赢利率 yield 产量收益,收益率 increase in value, appreciation 增值,升值taxes 税 duty 税 taxation system 税制 taxation 征税,纳税 fiscal charges 财务税收 progressive taxation 累进税制 graduated tax 累进税 value added tax 增值税 income tax 所得税 land tax 地租,地价税 excise tax 特许权税 basis of assessment 估税标准 taxable income 须纳税的收入 fiscality 检查 tax-free 免税的 tax exemption 免税 taxpayer 纳税人 tax collector 收税员
常用经济学术语:economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济 capitalist economy 资本主义经济 collective economy 集体经济 planned economy 计划经济 controlled economy 管制经济 rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 自由经济 mixed economy 混合经济 political economy 政治经济学 protectionism 保护主义 autarchy 闭关自守 primary sector 初级成分 private sector 私营成分,私营部门 public sector 公共部门,公共成分 economic channels 经济渠道 economic balance 经济平衡 economic fluctuation 经济波动 economic depression 经济衰退 economic stability 经济稳定 economic policy 经济政策 economic recovery 经济复原 understanding 约定 concentration 集中 holding company 控股公司 trust 托拉斯 cartel 卡特尔 rate of growth 增长 economic trend 经济趋势 economic situation 经济形势 infrastructure 基本建设 standard of living 生活标准,生活水平 purchasing power, buying power 购买力 scarcity 短缺 stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气 underdevelopment 不发达 underdeveloped 不发达的 developing 发展中的 initial capital 创办资本 frozen capital 冻结资金 frozen assets 冻结资产 fixed assets 固定资产 real estate 不动产,房地产 circulating capital, working capital 流动资本 available capital 可用资产 capital goods 资本货物 reserve 准备金,储备金 calling up of capital 催缴资本 allocation of funds 资金分配 contribution of funds 资金捐献 working capital fund 周转基金 revolving fund 循环基金,周转性基金 contingency fund 意外开支,准备金 reserve fund 准备金 buffer fund 缓冲基金,平准基金 sinking fund 偿债基金 investment 投资,资产 investor 投资人 self-financing 自筹经费,经费自给 current account 经常帐户 (美作:checking account) current-account holder 支票帐户 (美作:checking-account holder) cheque 支票 (美作:check) bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer 无记名支票,来人支票 crossed cheque 划线支票 traveller's cheque 旅行支票 chequebook 支票簿,支票本 (美作:checkbook) endorsement 背书 transfer 转让,转帐,过户 money 货币 issue 发行 ready money 现钱 cash 现金 ready money business, no credit given 现金交易,概不赊欠 change 零钱 banknote, note 钞票,纸币 (美作:bill) to pay (in) cash 付现金 domestic currency, local currency] 本国货币 convertibility 可兑换性 convertible currencies 可自由兑换货币 exchange rate 汇率,兑换率 foreign exchange 外汇 floating exchange rate 浮动汇率 free exchange rates 自由汇兑市场 foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券 hard currency 硬通货 speculation 投机 saving 储装,存款 depreciation 减价,贬值 devaluation (货币)贬值 revaluation 重估价 runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀 deflation 通货紧缩 capital flight 资本外逃 stock exchange 股票市场 stock exchange corporation 证券交易所 stock exchange 证券交易所,股票交易所 quotation 报价,牌价 share 股份,股票 shareholder, stockholder 股票持有人,股东 dividend 股息,红利 cash dividend 现金配股 stock investment 股票投资 investment trust 投资信托 stock-jobber 股票经纪人 stock company, stock brokerage firm 证券公司 securities 有价证券 share, common stock 普通股 preference stock 优先股 income gain 股利收入 issue 发行股票 par value 股面价格, 票面价格 bull 买手, 多头 bear 卖手, 空头 assigned 过户 opening price 开盘 closing price 收盘 hard times 低潮 business recession 景气衰退 doldrums 景气停滞 dull 盘整 ease 松弛 raising limit 涨停板 break 暴跌 bond, debenture 债券 Wall Street 华尔街 short term loan 短期贷款 long term loan 长期贷款 medium term loan 中期贷款 lender 债权人 creditor 债权人 debtor 债务人,借方 borrower 借方,借款人 borrowing 借款 interest 利息 rate of interest 利率 discount 贴现,折扣 rediscount 再贴现 annuity 年金 maturity 到期日,偿还日 amortization 摊销,摊还,分期偿付 redemption 偿还 insurance 保险 mortgage 抵押 allotment 拨款 short term credit 短期信贷 consolidated debt 合并债务 funded debt 固定债务,长期债务 floating debt 流动债务 drawing 提款,提存 aid 援助 allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴,补助金,津贴 output 产出,产量 producer 生产者,制造者 productive, producing 生产的 products, goods 产品 consumer goods 消费品 article 物品,商品 manufactured goods, finished goods 制成品,产成品 raw product 初级产品 semifinished goods 半成品 by-product 副产品 foodstuffs 食品 raw material 原料 supply 供应,补给 input 投入 productivity 生产率 productiveness 赢利性 overproduction 生产过剩
经济术语英文
经济术语太多,并且各个领域术语不断衍生,我仅列出主要的经济指标: 生产者物价指数:PPI (Producer Price Index) 主要的目的在衡量各种商品在不同的生产阶段的价格变化情形。 消费者物价指数:CPI (Consumer Price Index) 反映与居民生活有关的产品及劳务价格统计出来的物价变动指标,通常作为观察通货膨胀水平的重要指标。我国称之为居民消费价格指数。 讲到衡量通胀的指标之一为CPI,就必须讲到它的另一个指标IPPI,即为工业品价格指数:它是通过调查收集部分代表企业的代表产品的价格变动资料加权计算的相对数,以反映工业品价格变动趋势和变动程度。 货币购买力指数:货币购买力指数实际是居民生活费用价格指数(含消费品价格指数和服务性支出价格指数)的倒数。 基尼系数(Gini coefficient),或称洛伦茨系数(由洛伦茨曲线而得):按照联合国有关组织规定: 若低于0.2表示收入绝对平均; 0.2-0.3表示比较平均; 0.3-0.4表示相对合理; 0.4-0.5表示收入差距较大; 0.6以上表示收入差距悬殊。 痛苦指数(misery index) 由失业率和通胀率加总得来,数字越高,表示痛苦程度越高。 恩格尔系数(Engel's Coefficient) 指居民家庭中食物支出占消费总支出的比重。国际上常常用恩格尔系数来衡量一个国家和地区人民生活水平的状况,一个国家或家庭生活越贫困,恩格尔系数就越大;反之,生活越富裕,恩格尔系数就越小。根据联合国粮农组织提出的标准,恩格尔系数在59%以上为贫困,50-59%为温饱,40-50%为小康,30-40%为富裕,低于 30%为最富裕。 国内生产总值:GDP(Gross Domestic Product) 经济社会(即一个国家或地区)在一定时期内运用生产要素所生产的全部最终产品(物品和劳务)的市场价值。 国民生产总值(Gross National Product,简称GNP),也称国民生产毛额、本地居民生产总值它是指一个国家(地区)所有常住机构单位在一定时期内(年或季)收入初次分配的最终成果。它等于国内生产总值(GDP)加上来自国外的劳动报酬和财产收入减去支付给国外的劳动者报酬和财产收入。 国民生产净值(Net National Product):(简称NNP),又称国民净收入,是指一个国家在一定时期内,国民经济各部门生产的最终产品和劳务价值的净值。一般以市场价格计算,它等于国民生产总值减去固定资产折旧后的余额。 对应地,国内生产净值(Net Domestic Product, NDP)是指在国内生产总值(GDP)中扣除生产资本的消耗后得到的国内生产总值。
经济学英语词汇General terms 一般术语 economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济 capitalist economy 资本主义经济 collective economy 集体经济 planned economy 计划经济 controlled economy 管制经济 rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 自由经济 mixed economy 混合经济 political economy 政治经济学 protectionism 保护主义 autarchy 闭关自守 primary sector 初级成分 private sector 私营成分,私营部门 public sector 公共部门,公共成分 economic channels 经济渠道 economic balance 经济平衡 economic fluctuation 经济波动 economic depression 经济衰退 economic stability 经济稳定 economic policy 经济政策 economic recovery 经济复原 understanding 约定 concentration 集中 holding company 控股公司 trust 托拉斯 cartel 卡特尔 rate of growth 增长 economic trend 经济趋势 economic situation 经济形势 infrastructure 基本建设 standard of living 生活标准,生活水平 purchasing power, buying power 购买力 scarcity 短缺 stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气 underdevelopment 不发达 underdeveloped 不发达的 developing 发展中的Capital 资本 initial capital 创办资本 frozen capital 冻结资金 frozen assets 冻结资产 fixed assets 固定资产 real estate 不动产,房地产 circulating capital, working capital 流动资本 available capital 可用资产 capital goods 资本货物 reserve 准备金,储备金 calling up of capital 催缴资本 allocation of funds 资金分配 contribution of funds 资金捐献 working capital fund 周转基金 revolving fund 循环基金,周转性基金 contingency fund 意外开支,准备金 reserve fund 准备金 buffer fund 缓冲基金,平准基金 sinking fund 偿债基金 investment 投资,资产 investor 投资人 self-financing 自筹经费,经费自给 bank 银行 current account 经常帐户 (美作:checking account) current-account holder 支票帐户 (美作:checking-account holder) cheque 支票 (美作:check) bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer 无记名支票,来人支票 crossed cheque 划线支票 traveller's cheque 旅行支票 chequebook 支票簿,支票本 (美作:checkbook) endorsement 背书 transfer 转让,转帐,过户 money 货币 issue 发行 ready money 现钱 cash 现金 ready money business, no credit given 现金交易,概不赊欠 change 零钱 banknote, note 钞票,纸币 (美作:bill) to pay (in) cash 付现金 domestic currency, local currency] 本国货币 convertibility 可兑换性 convertible currencies 可自由兑换货币 exchange rate 汇率,兑换率 foreign exchange 外汇 floating exchange rate 浮动汇率 free exchange rates 自由汇兑市场 foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券 hard currency 硬通货 speculation 投机 saving 储装,存款 depreciation 减价,贬值 devaluation (货币)贬值 revaluation 重估价 runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀 deflation 通货紧缩 capital flight 资本外逃 securities business 证券市场 stock exchange 股票市场 stock exchange corporation 证券交易所 stock exchange 证券交易所,股票交易所 quotation 报价,牌价 share 股份,股票 shareholder, stockholder 股票持有人,股东 dividend 股息,红利 cash dividend 现金配股 stock investment 股票投资 investment trust 投资信托 stock-jobber 股票经纪人 stock company, stock brokerage firm 证券公司 securities 有价证券 share, common stock 普通股 preference stock 优先股 income gain 股利收入 issue 发行股票 par value 股面价格, 票面价格 bull 买手, 多头 bear 卖手, 空头 assigned 过户 opening price 开盘 closing price 收盘 hard times 低潮 business recession 景气衰退 doldrums 景气停滞 dull 盘整 ease 松弛 raising limit 涨停板 break 暴跌 bond, debenture 债券 Wall Street 华尔街Credit 信贷 short term loan 短期贷款 long term loan 长期贷款 medium term loan 中期贷款 lender 债权人 creditor 债权人 debtor 债务人,借方 borrower 借方,借款人 borrowing 借款 interest 利息 rate of interest 利率 discount 贴现,折扣 rediscount 再贴现 annuity 年金 maturity 到期日,偿还日 amortization 摊销,摊还,分期偿付 redemption 偿还 insurance 保险 mortgage 抵押 allotment 拨款 short term credit 短期信贷 consolidated debt 合并债务 funded debt 固定债务,长期债务 floating debt 流动债务 drawing 提款,提存 aid 援助 allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴,补助金,津贴Pruduction 生产 output 产出,产量 producer 生产者,制造者 productive, producing 生产的 products, goods 产品 consumer goods 消费品 article 物品,商品 manufactured goods, finished goods 制成品,产成品 raw product 初级产品 semifinished goods 半成品 by-product 副产品 foodstuffs 食品 raw material 原料 supply 供应,补给 input 投入 productivity 生产率 productiveness 赢利性 overproduction 生产过剩Expenses 耗费 cost 成本,费用 expenditure, outgoings 开支,支出 fixed costs 固定成本 overhead costs 营业间接成本 overheads 杂项开支,间接成本 operating costs 生产费用,营业成本 operating expenses 营业费用 running expenses 日常费用,经营费用 miscellaneous costs 杂项费用 overhead expenses 间接费用,管理费用 upkeep costs, maintenance costs 维修费用,养护费用 transport costs 运输费用 social charges 社会负担费用 contingent expenses, contingencies 或有费用 apportionment of expenses 分摊费用Profit 利润 income 收入,收益 earnings 利润,收益 gross income, gross earnings 总收入,总收益 gross profit, gross benefit 毛利,总利润,利益毛额 net income 纯收益,净收入,收益净额 average income 平均收入 national income 国民收入 profitability, profit earning capacity 利润率,赢利率 yield 产量收益,收益率 increase in value, appreciation 增值,升值taxes 税 duty 税 taxation system 税制 taxation 征税,纳税 fiscal charges 财务税收 progressive taxation 累进税制 graduated tax 累进税 value added tax 增值税 income tax 所得税 land tax 地租,地价税 excise tax 特许权税 basis of assessment 估税标准 taxable income 须纳税的收入 fiscality 检查 tax-free 免税的 tax exemption 免税 taxpayer 纳税人 tax collector 收税员
消费者物价指数(Consumer Price Index),英文缩写为CPI生产者价格指数PPI(Producer’s Price Index),GNP缩减指数(GNP Deflator)。GDP即英文“Gross Domestic Product”的缩写,也就是国内生产总值,国民生产总值(GNP) CRB是期货价格指数,反映期货价格的高低ECI是就业成本指数
什么是NNP?什么是NI、PI、DPI?NNP简单地说,NNP=GNP-折旧。NI(National Income) is the income earned by the factors of production。简单地说,国民收入NI=NNP-间接税和企业转移支出+政府对企业补贴。PI(Personal Income) is the income received by households。简单地说,个人收入PI=NI-挣到但没有收到的收入+收到的但不是挣到的收入(政府对私人的转移支出)。DPI(Disposable Personal Income) is income remaining after paying personal income taxes。简单地说,DPI=PI-所得税=个人消费C+个人储蓄S。CRB是期货价格指数,反映期货价格的高低。ECI是就业成本指数。
经济技术英文
technological economics and management
Technique Economy and Management
The network marketing platform; mass production; mass digitization; potential consumers
网络销售平台Internet Marketing Platform大规模标准化生产Standardized Mass Production大规模数码化Large-scale Digital潜在消费者Potential Consumers
经济英语专业术语
下面是我整理的一些常用 英语口语 经济词汇, 希望对大家有帮助。 1. 国民经济 NATIONAL ECONOMY。 2. 中国化 chinization 3. 对外经济贸易 FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELA 4. TIONS AND TRADE 5. 经济指标 economic indicators 6. 社会总产值 total product of society 7. 国民生产总值 GNP (Gross Domestic Product) 8. 国内生产总值 GDP (Gross Domestic Product) 9. 人均国内生产总值 GDP per capita 10. 工农业总产值 gross output value of industry and agriculture 11. 国民收入 national income 12. 购买力平价法 purchasing power parity 13. 财政收入 state revenue 14. 社会商品零售总额 total volume of retail sales 15. 社会零售物价总指数 general retail price index 16. 百分点 percentage points 17. "八五"划划 the 8th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development 18. 计划经济 planned economy 19. 统购统销 state monopoly over purchase and marketing 20. 市场经济 market economy 21. 指令性计划 mandatory plan 22. 指导性计划 guidance plan 23. 市场调节 market regulation 24. 建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政"三个机制" establish operational mechanisms of market economy, rule by law, democratic supervision and incorruptible government 25. 抓好农业、交通能源、 教育 科技"三个基础" stress priorities over agriculture, transportation and energy supply, education and science and technology 26. 实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质"三个优化" optimize industrial structure, ecological environment and the quality of population 27. 第一、二、三产业 primary, secondary and tertiary industries 28. 外向型经济 export-oriented economy 29. 创汇型企业 foreign exchange-earning enterprise 30. 劳动密集型 labor intensive 31. 技术、智力、资本密集型 technology, knowledge or capital intensive 32. 高附加值的深加工 down-stream processing with high added-value 33. 优化资源配置 optimize allocation of resources 34. 生产力 productive forces 35. 生产资料 capital goods 36. 科研成果产业化 industrialization of research findings 37. 火炬计划 Torch Plan 38. 技术入股 technology appraised as capital stock 39. 风险投资 venture investment/capital 40. 固定资产投资 investment in fixed assets 41. 折旧费 depreciation cost 42. 关系民生的产品 products vital to the people’s livelihood 43. 供大于求 oversupply 44. 供不应求 short supply 45. 经济过热 overheated economy 46.抑制炒房地产热 stem frenzied and speculative trading in the property market
经济学中常用的一些英语词汇如下:
1、socialist economy
英 [ˈsəʊʃəlɪst ɪˈkɒnəmi] 美 [ˈsoʊʃəlɪst ɪˈkɑːnəmi] 社会主义经济
例如:The relationship of the socialist economy to the capitalist economy is that of the leader to the led. 社会主义经济和资本主义经济是领导和被领导的关系。
2、economic policy
英 [ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk ˈpɒləsi] 美 [ˌiːkəˈnɑːmɪk ˈpɑːləsi] 经济政策
例如:His administration's economic policy would focus on reining in inflation. 他的政府的经济政策将侧重于控制通货膨胀。
3、initial capital
英 [ɪˈnɪʃl ˈkæpɪtl] 美 [ɪˈnɪʃl ˈkæpɪtl] 原始股本;创办资本
例如:Companies limited by guarantee are rare as they do not raise initial capital from their shareholders. 担保有限公司比较少见,因为他们不向股东筹措原始资本。
4、investment
英 [ɪnˈvestmənt] 美 [ɪnˈvestmənt] n.投资;投资额;投资物;值得买的东西;有用的投资物
例如:He said the government must introduce tax incentives to encourage investment. 他说政府必须推出税收激励政策来鼓励投资。
5、money
英 [ˈmʌni] 美 [ˈmʌni] n.钱;薪水;收入;钱币;钞票;财产;财富
例如:Can you lend me some money until tomorrow? 能借我点儿钱吗?明天就还。
6、revaluation
英 [ˌriːvæljuˈeɪʃn] 美 [ˌriːvæljuˈeɪʃn] n.再评价;重估计
例如:Two other concepts related to the value of a currency are devaluation or revaluation. 另外两个涉及某种通货价值的概念是法定升值和法定贬值。
7、par value
英 [pɑː(r) ˈvæljuː] 美 [pɑːr ˈvæljuː] 面值,票面价值;名义价值,平价
例如:For investors, a common stock's par value is meaningless. 对于投资者而言,一只普通股的票面价值是没有意义的。
经济学英语词汇General terms 一般术语 economist 经济学家 socialist economy 社会主义经济 capitalist economy 资本主义经济 collective economy 集体经济 planned economy 计划经济 controlled economy 管制经济 rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 自由经济 mixed economy 混合经济 political economy 政治经济学 protectionism 保护主义 autarchy 闭关自守 primary sector 初级成分 private sector 私营成分,私营部门 public sector 公共部门,公共成分 economic channels 经济渠道 economic balance 经济平衡 economic fluctuation 经济波动 economic depression 经济衰退 economic stability 经济稳定 economic policy 经济政策 economic recovery 经济复原 understanding 约定 concentration 集中 holding company 控股公司 trust 托拉斯 cartel 卡特尔 rate of growth 增长 economic trend 经济趋势 economic situation 经济形势 infrastructure 基本建设 standard of living 生活标准,生活水平 purchasing power, buying power 购买力 scarcity 短缺 stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气 underdevelopment 不发达 underdeveloped 不发达的 developing 发展中的Capital 资本 initial capital 创办资本 frozen capital 冻结资金 frozen assets 冻结资产 fixed assets 固定资产 real estate 不动产,房地产 circulating capital, working capital 流动资本 available capital 可用资产 capital goods 资本货物 reserve 准备金,储备金 calling up of capital 催缴资本 allocation of funds 资金分配 contribution of funds 资金捐献 working capital fund 周转基金 revolving fund 循环基金,周转性基金 contingency fund 意外开支,准备金 reserve fund 准备金 buffer fund 缓冲基金,平准基金 sinking fund 偿债基金 investment 投资,资产 investor 投资人 self-financing 自筹经费,经费自给 bank 银行 current account 经常帐户 (美作:checking account) current-account holder 支票帐户 (美作:checking-account holder) cheque 支票 (美作:check) bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer 无记名支票,来人支票 crossed cheque 划线支票 traveller's cheque 旅行支票 chequebook 支票簿,支票本 (美作:checkbook) endorsement 背书 transfer 转让,转帐,过户 money 货币 issue 发行 ready money 现钱 cash 现金 ready money business, no credit given 现金交易,概不赊欠 change 零钱 banknote, note 钞票,纸币 (美作:bill) to pay (in) cash 付现金 domestic currency, local currency] 本国货币 convertibility 可兑换性 convertible currencies 可自由兑换货币 exchange rate 汇率,兑换率 foreign exchange 外汇 floating exchange rate 浮动汇率 free exchange rates 自由汇兑市场 foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券 hard currency 硬通货 speculation 投机 saving 储装,存款 depreciation 减价,贬值 devaluation (货币)贬值 revaluation 重估价 runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀 deflation 通货紧缩 capital flight 资本外逃 securities business 证券市场 stock exchange 股票市场 stock exchange corporation 证券交易所 stock exchange 证券交易所,股票交易所 quotation 报价,牌价 share 股份,股票 shareholder, stockholder 股票持有人,股东 dividend 股息,红利 cash dividend 现金配股 stock investment 股票投资 investment trust 投资信托 stock-jobber 股票经纪人 stock company, stock brokerage firm 证券公司 securities 有价证券 share, common stock 普通股 preference stock 优先股 income gain 股利收入 issue 发行股票 par value 股面价格, 票面价格 bull 买手, 多头 bear 卖手, 空头 assigned 过户 opening price 开盘 closing price 收盘 hard times 低潮 business recession 景气衰退 doldrums 景气停滞 dull 盘整 ease 松弛 raising limit 涨停板 break 暴跌 bond, debenture 债券 Wall Street 华尔街Credit 信贷 short term loan 短期贷款 long term loan 长期贷款 medium term loan 中期贷款 lender 债权人 creditor 债权人 debtor 债务人,借方 borrower 借方,借款人 borrowing 借款 interest 利息 rate of interest 利率 discount 贴现,折扣 rediscount 再贴现 annuity 年金 maturity 到期日,偿还日 amortization 摊销,摊还,分期偿付 redemption 偿还 insurance 保险 mortgage 抵押 allotment 拨款 short term credit 短期信贷 consolidated debt 合并债务 funded debt 固定债务,长期债务 floating debt 流动债务 drawing 提款,提存 aid 援助 allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴,补助金,津贴Pruduction 生产 output 产出,产量 producer 生产者,制造者 productive, producing 生产的 products, goods 产品 consumer goods 消费品 article 物品,商品 manufactured goods, finished goods 制成品,产成品 raw product 初级产品 semifinished goods 半成品 by-product 副产品 foodstuffs 食品 raw material 原料 supply 供应,补给 input 投入 productivity 生产率 productiveness 赢利性 overproduction 生产过剩Expenses 耗费 cost 成本,费用 expenditure, outgoings 开支,支出 fixed costs 固定成本 overhead costs 营业间接成本 overheads 杂项开支,间接成本 operating costs 生产费用,营业成本 operating expenses 营业费用 running expenses 日常费用,经营费用 miscellaneous costs 杂项费用 overhead expenses 间接费用,管理费用 upkeep costs, maintenance costs 维修费用,养护费用 transport costs 运输费用 social charges 社会负担费用 contingent expenses, contingencies 或有费用 apportionment of expenses 分摊费用Profit 利润 income 收入,收益 earnings 利润,收益 gross income, gross earnings 总收入,总收益 gross profit, gross benefit 毛利,总利润,利益毛额 net income 纯收益,净收入,收益净额 average income 平均收入 national income 国民收入 profitability, profit earning capacity 利润率,赢利率 yield 产量收益,收益率 increase in value, appreciation 增值,升值taxes 税 duty 税 taxation system 税制 taxation 征税,纳税 fiscal charges 财务税收 progressive taxation 累进税制 graduated tax 累进税 value added tax 增值税 income tax 所得税 land tax 地租,地价税 excise tax 特许权税 basis of assessment 估税标准 taxable income 须纳税的收入 fiscality 检查 tax-free 免税的 tax exemption 免税 taxpayer 纳税人 tax collector 收税员