摘要：
杭州市中级职称英语考试真题考试宝典kaoguo8 大力推出"2015职称英语考试辅导"，针对每个考生的不同学习状况，进行有对性的讲解、训练、答疑、模考，并对学习过程进行跟踪、分... 杭州市中级职称英语考试真题
考试宝典kaoguo8 大力推出"2015职称英语考试辅导"，针对每个考生的不同学习状况，进行有对性的讲解、训练、答疑、模考，并对学习过程进行跟踪、分析、指导，从整体上大幅提升学员的考试通过率，现在报名更有超值优惠。
职称英语综合类A词汇选项历年真题精选
2017年职称英语考试复习已经开始，为了让大家更好地备考职称英语考试，下面网我为大家提供了职称英语历年考试真题及答案详解，以下是职称英语综合A词汇选项历年考试真题及答案。
职称英语历年真题《综合A》词汇选项真题精选题
词汇选项精选一：
for life is a cardinal principle of the law.
A. fundamental
B. moral
C. regular
D. hard
2. The proposal was endorsed by the majority of members.
A. rejected
B. approved
C. submitted
D. considered
experts remain skeptical about his claims.
A. untouched
B. certain
C. silent
D. doubtful
species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.
A. tumed dead
B. passed by
C. carried away
D. become extinct
methods of communication used during the war were primitive.
A. reliable
B. effective
C. simple
D. alternative
world-class tennis players came to contend for this title.
A. argue
B. claim
C. wish
D. compete
out, or I'll burst the door down.
A. shut
B. beat
C. set
D. break
8. The rules are too rigid to allow for human error.
A. general
B. complex
C. inflexible
D. direct
tower remains intact ever after two htmdred years.
A. unknown
B. undamaged
C. unusual
D. unstable
10. They didn't seem to appreciate the magnitude of the problem.
A. existence
B. cause
C. importance
D. situation
11. The contract between the two companies will expire soon.
A. shorten
B. start
C. end
D. resume
12. The drinking water has become contaminated with lead.
A. polluted
B. treated
C. tested
D. corrupted
13. She shed a few tears at her daughter's wedding.
A. produced
B. wiped
C. injected
D. removed
14. Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems.
A. send
B. hear
C. confirm
D. spread
15. The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town.
A. cautious
B. naked
C. blind
D. private
职称英语历年真题《综合A》词汇选项真题精选题二：
was disaster on a cosmic scale.
A. modest
B. commercial
C. huge
D. national
secretaries came and went with monotonous regularity.
A. amazing
B. depressing
C. predictable
D. dull
person's wealth is often in inverse proportion to their happiness.
A. equal
B. certain
C. large
D. opposite
professional career spanned 16 years.
A. started
B. changed
C. lasted
D. moved
symptoms of the disease manifested themselves ten days later.
A. eased
B. improved
C. relieved
D. appeared
group does not advocate the use of violence.
A. limit
B. support
C. regulate
D. oppose
felt that she had done her good deed for the day.
A. act
B. homework
C. justice
D. model
8. Some of the larger birds can remain stationary in the air for several minutes.
A. motionless
B. silent
C. seated
D. true
was an inclination to treat geography as a less important subject.
A. point
B. result
C. finding
D. tendency
10. His stomach felt hollow with fear.
A. sincere
B. respectful
C. empty
D. terrible
11. The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.
A. copy
B. publish
C. summarize
D. furnish
12. That uniform makes the guards look absurd.
A. serious
B. beautiful
C. impressive
D. ridiculous
13. The department deferred the decision for six months.
A. put off
B. arrived at
C. abided by
D. protested against
14. The original experiment cannot be exactly duplicated.
A. invented
B. reproduced
C. designed
D. reported
15. The country was tom apart by strife.
B. poverty
C. war
D. economy
参考答案：
词汇选项精选题一：
。考查形容词。题干：尊重生命是法律的一个基本的原则。划线词cardinal意为“基本的，主要的”。选项fundamental意为“主要的，基本的”，moral意为“道德的，精神的”，regular意为“定期的，有规律的”，hard意为“硬的，艰难的”。cardinal与fundamental同义，故正确答案为A。
。考查动词。题干：提案得到了多数成员的认可。划线词endorse意为“签署，赞同，认可”。选项reject意为“拒绝，排斥”，approve意为“批准，赞成”，submit意为“使服从，提交”，consider意为“考虑，认为”。endorse与approve在语义上接近，所以正确答案为B。
。考查形容词。题干：许多专家对他的说法仍表示怀疑。划线词skeptical意为“怀疑的”。选项untouched意为“未受影响的，未改变的”，certain意为“必然的，无疑的，确定的”，silent意为“沉默的，寂静的”，doubtful意为“怀疑的，不确定的”。skeptical与doubtful同义，故正确答案为D。
。考查动词短语。题干：这个物种几乎快灭绝了，因为它的栖息地正在被破坏。划线词die out意为“灭绝，消失”。选项turn dead意为“死的，变成死的”，pass by意为“经过，逝去”，carry away意为“运走，带走”，become extinct意为“灭绝，绝种”。die out与become extinct同义，故答案为D。
。考查形容词。题干：战争期间所用的通信方法都是很简单的。划线词primitive意为“原始的，简单的，粗糙的”。选项reliable意为“可靠的，可信赖的”，effective意为“有效的，起作用的”，simple意为“简单的”，alternative意为“选择性的，交替的”。primitive与simple同义，故正确答案为C。
。考查动词。题干：三名世界级网球选手来争夺这个冠军。划线词contend意为“竞争，斗争”。选项argue意为“争论，辩论”，claim意为“要求，声称”，wish意为“希望”，compete意为“竞争，比赛，对抗”。contend与compete为近义词，所以答案为D。
。考查短语。题干：快出来，否则我就破门而入了。题干划线词burst down意为“损毁，破裂”。选项shut down意为“停工，关闭”，beat down意为“打倒，杀价”，setdown意为“放下，记下”，break down意为“分解，发生故障，毁掉”。burst down在语义上与break down比较接近，故正确答案为D。
。考查形容词。题干：这些规则太死板，没有考虑到人为的错误。划线词rigid意为“严格的，死板的”。选项9eneral意为“一般的，普通的”，complex意为“复杂的”，inflexible意为“不灵活的，顽固的”，direct意为“直接的.”。rigid在语义上与inflexible比较接近，故正确答案为C。
。考查形容词。题干：这座塔在两百年后依然保持完好无损。划线词intact意为“完整的，原封不动的，未受损害的”。选项unknown意为“未知的，陌生的”，undamaged意为“未受损坏的”，unusual意为“不寻常的”，unstable意为“不稳定的”。intact与undamaged在语义上一致，故正确答案为B。
。考查名词。题干：他们好像没意识到该问题的重要性。划线词magnitude意为“重要，大小，强度”。选项existence意为“存在”，cause意为“原因，起因”，importance意为“重要，重大”，situation意为“情况，形式”。magnitude与importance在语义上接近，故答案为C。
。考查动词。题干：两公司之间的合同将很快期满。划线词expire意为“终止，期满”。选项shorten意为“缩短，减少”，start意为“开始，发动”，end意为“终结，结束，终止”，resume意为“恢复，重新开始，继续”。expire与end在语义上一致，故C为正确答案。
。考查动词。题干：饮用水已经受到铅的污染了。划线词contaminated意为“污染的”。选项polluted意为“受污染的”，treated意为“治疗的，处理的”，tested意为“被检测的，经过检验的”，corrupted意为“的，毁坏的”。contaminated与polluted为同义词，所以正确答案为A。
。考查动词。题干：她在女儿的婚礼上流泪了。划线词“shed”意为“流出，脱落”，选项produce意为“产生，生产”，wipe意为“抹去，擦除”，inject意为“注射，注入”，remove意为“消除，移动，消除”。shed tears意为“流泪”，与produce在语义上比较接近，所以答案为A。
。考查动词。题干：关于他财务问题的谣言开始传播。划线词circulate意为“传播，流传”。选项send意为“发送，寄”，hear意为“听到，听说”，confirm意为“确认，确定”，spread意为“传播，流传，散步”。circulate与spread为同义词，所以答案为D。
。考查形容词。题干：警察需要对城镇的这一带保持警觉。划线词wary意为“谨慎的，机警的”。选项cautious意为“谨慎的，小心的”，naked意为“裸体的，无装饰的，无证据的”，blind意为“盲目的，瞎的”，private意为“私人的，私有的”。wary与cautious在语义上比较接近，故答案为A。
词汇选项精选题二：
。本题考查形容词。题干：这是一场极大规模的灾难。划线词cosmic的意思是“宇宙的，极为广阔的”，四个选项中modest意为“谦虚的”，commercial意为“商业的”，huge意为“巨大的”，national意为“国家的”。划线词cosmic的意思与huge意思相近，故本题选C。
。本题考查形容词。题干：新秘书以单调的规律性频繁更替着。划线单词monotonous的意思是“单调的，单一的”，四个选项中amazing意为“令人吃惊的”，depressing意为“沮丧的”，predictable意为“可预测的”，dull意为“单调的”。 monotonous的意思与dull含义相近，故本题答案为D。
。本题考查形容词。题干：一个人的财富通常情况下与幸福程度成反比。划线单词inverse的意思是“相反的，逆向的”，四个选项中equal意为“相等的”，certain意为“肯定的”，large意为“大的”，opposite意为“相反的”。 inverse的意思与0pposite的含义相同，故本题选D。
。本题考查动词。题干：他的职业生涯持续了16年。划线单词span可以做动词，也可以做名词，意思是“持续;跨度，横跨”，四个选项中start意为“开始”，change意为“改变”，last意为“持续”，move意为“移动”。span与last的语义比较相近，所以该题答案为C。
。本题考查动词。题干：十天后，这种疾病的症状显现了出来。划线词manifest的意思是“显示，展示”，四个选项中ease意为“放松”，improve意为“改善”，relieve意为“减轻，缓解”，appear意为“显示，出现”。 manifest的意思与appear相近，因此本题答案为D。
。本题考查动词。题干：该团体不提倡使用暴力。划线单词advocate的意思是“提倡，宣传”，四个选项中limit意为“限制”，support意为“支持”，regulate意为“管制，约束”，oppose意为“反对”。advocate与support的意思相近，与oppose的意思相反，故本题答案为B。
。本题考查名词。题干：她觉得她那天做了一件好事。划线单词deed的意思是“行为，事件”，四个选项中act意为“行为”，homework意为“家庭作业”，justice意为“正义”，model意为“模式”。deed与act的意思相近，故选A。
。本题考查形容词。题干：一些体型较大的鸟儿在空中能停留数分钟不动。划线单词stationary的意思是“静止的，不动的”，四个选项中motionless意为“静止不动的”，silent意为“安静的，寂静的”，seated意为“坐下的”，true意为“真实的”。stationary与motionless的含义相近，故选A。
。本题考查名词。题干：将地理作为一个不太重要的学科来对待，这是一种趋势。划线单词inclination的意思是“倾向，趋势”，四个选项中point意为“点”，result意为“结果”，finding意为“找到，发现”，tendency意为“倾向，趋势”。inclination与tendency的含义相近，故本题答案为D。
。本题考查形容词。题干：由于恐惧，他觉得胃部空空如也。划线词hollow的意思是“空的，中空的”，四个选项中sincere意为“诚挚的”，respectful意为“尊敬的，有礼貌的”，empty意为“空的”，terrible意为“恐怖的”。hollow与empty的意思相近，故该题答案为C。
。本题考查动词。题干：该委员会被要求提交一份关于住房情况的报告。划线单词render的意思是“致使;提出，提供”，四个选项中copy意为“复制”，publish意为“出版，发行”，summarize意为“总结”，furnish意为“布置，提供”。render在这里取“提出，提供”之意，与furnish在本句中可以互换，所以本题答案为D。
。本题考查形容词。题干：这套制服使得卫兵看上去十分可笑。划线单词absurd的意思是“荒谬的，可笑的”，四个选项中serious意为“严肃的，认真的”， beautiful意为“漂亮的，美丽的”，impressive意为“印象深刻的”，ridiculous意为“荒谬的”。absurd的意思与ridiculous的含义相同，所以答案为D。
。本题考查动词短语。题干：这个部门将决议延迟了6个月。划线单词defer的意思是“延迟，推迟”，四个选项中put off意为“推迟，延期”，arrive at意为“达到”，abide by意为“遵守”，protest against意为“抗议”。 defer与put off含义相同，故选A。
。本题考查动词。题干：最初始的实验室无法被精确复制。划线单词duplicate的意思是“复制”，四个选项中invent意为“发明，创造”，reproduce意为“复制，繁殖”，design意为“设计”，report意为“报告”。duplicate与reproduce的含义相近，故答案为8。
。本题考查名词。题干：这个国家由于纷争四分五裂。划线单词strife的意思是“冲突，纷争”，四个选项中conflict意为“冲突，矛盾”，poverty意为“贫穷”，war意为“战争”，economy意为“经济”。 strife与conflict含义相同，故选A。
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第4部分：阅读理解(第31〜45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇 What’s killing the Bats
First it was bees. Now it is bats. Biologists in America are working hard to discover the cause of the mysterious deaths of tens of thousands of bats in the northeastern part of the country. Most of the bats affected are the common little brown bats (Myotis lucifiigus，)but other species, such as the long-eared bat, the small-footed bat，the eastern pipistrelle, and the Indiana bat have also been affected. In some caves, more than 90 percent of the bat populations have died.
One possibility is disease. A white fungus (真菌)known as fusarium has been found on the noses of both living and dead bats. However, scientists don’t know if the fungus is the primary cause of death, a secondary cause of death，or not a cause at all, but the result of some other conditions.
Another possible cause is a lack of food. For example, bats typically eat a large number of moths (蛾)，and in some states such as New York, the number of moths has been declining in recent years. If bats can’t eat enough food, they starve to death.
Still other scientists believe that global wanning is to blame. Warmer temperatures in recent years have been walking up hibernating (冬目民)bats earlier than usual. If bats break their hibernation at the wrong time, they might not find their expected food sources. The weather might also turn cold again and weaken or kill the bats.
Scientists might not agree on the causes of the bat die-off，but they do agree on the consequences. Bats are an important predator of mosquitoes; a single brown bat can eat 1,000 or more insects in an hour. They also eat beetles and other insects that damage plant crops. If there aren’t enough bats, damage will be great from the insects they eat while bats live a long time for their size---the little brown bat can live for more than 30 years---a female bat has only one baby per year, so bat populations grow slowly. Many bat species in the United States are already protected or endangered.
How can you help? Do not disturb sleeping or nesting bats. If you discover bats that seem to be sick or that are dead, contact your lock Fish&Wildlife Department with the details. However, be careful not to touch the animals.
29. what is the main idea of this passage?
A. All species of bats in North America are dying.
B. Scientists already know the cause of the deaths of bats
C. The bat deaths are a serious problem
D. There are many possible causes of the deaths of bats.
30. What does the first sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Bees have been dying mysteriously
B. The first article on the website is about bees.
C. Bees usually die before bats
D. It was bees that caused the deaths of bats.
31. The word “pipistrelle” in Paragraph I refers to
A. a kind of ftmgus
B. an area in the .
C. a special cave
D. a kind of bat
32. The “moths” in Paragraph 3 are taken as an example of
A. disease that kill bats
B. insects that bats eat
C. animals that have diseases
D. bat species that are starving to death
33. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
A. to get people to stop killing bats
B. to hire workers for the Fish&Wildlife Department
C. to ask people not to touch dead bats
D. to tell the public how to help bats.
第二篇 Is There a Way to Keep Britain’s Economy Growing?
In today’s knowledge economy，nations survive on the things they do best. Japanese design electronics while Germens export engineering techniques. The French serve the best food and Americans make computers.
Britain specializes in the gift of talking. The nation doesn't manufacture much of anything. But it has lawyers, stylists and business consultants who earn their living from talk, talk and more talk. The World Foundation think tank1 says the UKfs four iconic jobs today are not scientists, engineers, teachers and nurses. Instead, they're hairdressers, celebrities, management consultants and managers. But can all this talking keep the British economy going? The British government thinks it can.
Although the country’s trade deficit was more than £ 60 billion in 2006，UK's largest in the postwar period, officials say the country has nothing to worry about. In fact, Britain does have a world-class pharmaceutical industry, and it still makes a small sum from selling arms abroad. It also trades services — accountancy, insurance, banking and advertising. The government believes Britain is on the cutting edge2 of the knowledge economy. After all, the country of Shakespeare and Wordsworth has a literary tradition of which to be proud. Rock “n” roll3 is an English language medium, and there are billions to be made by their cutting-edge bands. In other words, the creative economy has plenty of strength to carry the British economy.
However, creative industries account for only about 4 percent of UICs exports of goods and services. The industries are finding it hard to make a profit，according to a report of the National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Arts. The report shows only 38 percent of British companies were engaged in "innovation activities' 3 percentage points below the EU average and well below Germany (61 percent) and Sweden (47 percent).
In fact，it might be better to call Britain a nservantM economy — there are at least 4 million people "in service". The majority of the population are employed by the rich to cook, clean, and take care of their children. Many graduates are even doing menial jobs for which they do not need a degree. Most employment growth has been, and will continue to be, at the low-skill end of the service sector 一 in shops, bars，hotels，domestic service and in nursing and care homes.
34. According to the World Foundation think tank, one of the iconic jobs in Britain today is
A. law makers
B. home servants
C. school teachers
D. business consultants.
35. The phrase “the cutting edge” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to
A. the most popular
B. the mos丈 advanced
C. the most political
D. the proudest
36. The officials are not worried about the trade deficit in 2006，because they believe
A. Britain is on the cutting edge of the knowledge economy.
B. Britain is home to the largest pharmaceutical industry in the world.
C. the literary tradition of Britain will help make billions of pounds.
D. the world economy is strong enough to carry the British economy.
37. Which of the following is true about the creative industries in Britain?
A. They are not doing as well as those in other European nations.
B. They contribute a lot to the country’s trade deficit.
C. They can’t make a profit out of their innovative activities.
D. They make Britain on the cutting edge of the knowledge economy.
38. It can be inferred from the passage that
A. the gift of talking can keep the British economy growing.
B. the British economy is the least innovative one in the EU.
C. the British government is over-confident in its economy.
D. being a servant to the rich is one of the best jobs in Britain.
第三篇 The Sandwich Generation
Today people often look forward to their middle age as a time when they will be able to take things easier. After their children are grown，they expect to enjoy the life they have worked hard to create. However the reality is often very different. In middle age，many people discover that they have two ongoing responsibilities1: one is to look after their aging parents, and the other is to help their young adult children deal with the pressures of life. Around the world, there are millions of people who are “sandwiched” in between the older and the younger generations. Sometimes there may be two or three generations living in the same household — a situation that is common in many Asian countries and in some parts of Europe. In other cases, a couple may be taking care of parents and children, but they do not live with them.
There are two important reasons for the rise of the sandwich generation. First, people are living longer than they used to. In the early nineteenth century, the average life expectancy for adults in the United States，for example, was about 40，whereas today people live to an average age of 75. Therefore, children are taking care of their parents over a longer period of time. The second reason is that these days, young adults often live with their parents for a longer time than they did in the past. This is often for financial reasons. It’s also more common for today’s young adults to return home during or after college if they need financial or emotional support.
Young adults feel sandwiched between their financial responsibilities and their desire to enjoy life. They may have to cover expenses that their parents cannot. They may have to manage their parents’ financial and legal affairs. They may have to prepare for their parents’ future needs, such as special medical care or a move to a nursing home. This can be a traumatic experience for everyone.
Caring for adult children presents challenges as well, and caregivers have to resolve important questions; How can financial responsibilities be shared among members of the household? How can household chores be shared? What is the best way to ensure everyone’s privacy? Successfully coping with these issues can avoid a lot of stress for the whole family.
The financial and emotional pressures on the sandwich generation can be overwhelming. However, this time in life also has its rewards. It can be a time to rediscover the special qualities of one’s parents or children. It can also provide a valuable opportunity to spend more time with them. However，in order to survive this difficult period in their lives，the members of the sandwich generation must remember that they also need to pay attention to their own needs and look after the quality of their own lives. They can’t be totally selfless.
39. According to the first paragraph, many people in middle age
A. are able to take things easier when their children are grown.
B. can’t enjoy their life as they have expected
C. can’t enjoy their life because they haven’t worked hard enough.
D. are facing great pressure from their work.
40. Which is true about the sandwich generation?
A. Their parents are unable to take care of themselves.
B. Their parents are often facing the pressures of life.
C. They are tom between the responsibilities for their parents and children.
D. They all have to live with their parents and children.
41. Why do some young adults choose to live with their parents these days?
A. They are too young to be independent from their parents.
B. They want to help their parents to take care of their aging grandparents.
C. They need support from their parents to deal with their financial problems.
D. They are more emotional than the young adults in the past.
42. The sandwich generation face the following challenges EXCEPT
A. sharing household chores
B . ensuring everyone，s privacy
C. shouldering the financial responsibilities of the household
D. determining who is the caregiver of the family
43. To survive the difficult period in their lives，the sandwich generation need to
A. be totally selfless
B. consider their own wellbeing
C. rediscover the merits of their children
D. value the time spent with their parents.
杭州市英语职称能力考试题型
相信考过职称英语的同学都知道，职称英语考试时间总时长为两个小时，共有六大题型。那么这六种题型的答题时间分配就显得很重要了。以下是带来的职称英语考试答题时间的文章，欢迎阅读。1.课内阅读理解与完形填空因为阅读理解一般是选自课本文章，考生会比较熟悉，而完形填空主要是考验考生的词汇量，这两种题型相对其他都比较简单，推荐时间：20-30分钟。2.词汇选项题因为考职称英语可以随身携带一本字典，所以词汇问题相对比较容易。在词汇部分，出题者要求考生通过阅读句子，根据上下文猜测单词或短语的意思。其实只要查字典够快，掌握一些技巧就可以了。这部分共有15个问题。尽量在10-15分钟内完成。到了这一步，如果你完成得好，基本能拿到40到45分了。至于接下来做哪道题就要看剩余题型的分数比重，建议可以做分数占比比较重的阅读理解题。3.课外阅读理解题这一题型占了30分，对于考试来说是很重要的，共有两篇文章。因为这一题算是比较有难度的，所以用时因人而异，如果阅读速度慢，可以考虑多花点时间。但建议两篇阅读理解不要超过50分钟4.阅读判断和补全短文完成上述题型后，差不多就完成了75分的题目了。算下来大概需要90分钟，那么还剩下的半小时就要根据自身情况来选择接下做哪些题了。但要注意留出一些时间来填写和检查答题纸上的信息。
职称英语A、B、C三个等级的考试各由6个部分组成，每个级别的考试题型一样、题量相同，但不同级别考试总的阅读量及难易程度不同。考试主要考查应试者理解书面英语的能力。 第1部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分） 考查应试者理解在一定语境中单词或短语意义的能力。本部分为15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，要求应试者从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。 第2部分：阅读判断（第16-22题，每题1分，共7分） 考查应试者识别和判断文章所提供的信息的能力。本部分为1篇300-450词的短文，短文后列出7个句子，有的句子提供的是正确信息，有的句子提供的是错误信息，有的句子的信息在短文中并未直接或间接提及。要求应试者根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。 第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23-30题，每题1分，共8分） 考查应试者把握文章段落大意及细节的能力。本部分为1篇300-450词的短文，有2项测试任务： （1）短文后有6个段落小标题，要求应试者根据文章的内容为其中指定的4个段落各选择一个正确的小标题； （2）短文后有4个不完整的句子，要求应试者在所提供的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子。 第4部分：阅读理解（第31-45题，每题3分，共45分） 考查应试者对文章主旨和细节信息的理解能力。本部分为3篇文章，每篇300-450词，每篇文章后有5道题。要求应试者根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。 第5部分：补全短文（第46-50题，每题2分，共10分） 考查应试者把握文章结构、掌握作者思路的能力。本部分为1篇300-450词的短文，文中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，其中5组取自文章本身。要求应试者根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其放回相应位置，以恢复文章原貌。 第6部分：完形填空（第51-65题，每题1分，共15分） 考查应试者正确把握文章内容，以及在一定语境中准确使用词语的能力。本部分为1篇300-450词的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出4个选项，要求应试者根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。 掌握一定的词汇量，根据考试内容和分数占有的比例去有针对性的复习，题目多做为好。
全国职称英语考试内容？ 全国职称英语考试，主要包括六种题型：词汇选项、阅读理解、阅读判断、完型填空、概括大意并完成句子、补全短文。 1、词汇选项：该题型共15分，建议考生在10分钟内完成。建议考生利用字典来解答此类问题。 2、阅读理解：此类题目是整个考试中，相对来说比较难的一道题，也是所占分数比例最大的一类题。三篇文章，共15道题，总共45分。三篇文章中，一定会有一篇考查教材中的内容。剩下两篇是考生没有见过的。对于英语基础不太好的考生来说，把每篇文章全都弄懂、看明白，然后再去做题，是一种“出力而不讨好”的解决问题的办法。对于职称英语考试，更多需要“逆序”做题。一般而言，后五个题目往往是五个长句，只需把这五个句子通读一下，答案就出来了。考查记叙文，只要仅看后面五题的题干中出现所谓的时间、地点、人物，问题的答案也就全部出来了。 3、阅读判断题目：阅读判断不同于阅读理解，它除了要将文章读完，找到题目对应的答案所在句之外，更需要将这个题目在原文中的句子和题目进行比较，最终得出该题目的正确与否，这是一个比较基本的考题类型。阅读判断非常接近很多考生都非常熟悉的一种“老题型”，叫做是非判断题。 4、完型填空题：考生在15分钟左右的时间内完成。尤其强调需要考生要求的700个词组、常见100个左右句型总结下来，记在纸上，每天用一定的时间去学习。 5、概括大意并完成句子：建议使用选择中心主题句的位置这种方式进行。一般而言，中心主题句会出现在段首句的一二句或者是中间位置。 6、补全短文：通常是一篇大约在230-250字之间的文章。从文中拿出5个独立完整的句子，然后给出6个选项。要求考生读完后能够按顺序以原文出现的形式、时态来恢复文章“原貌”。在职研究生考研政策不清晰？同等学力在职申硕有困惑？院校专业不好选？点击底部官网，有专业老师为你答疑解惑，211/985名校研究生硕士/博士开放网申报名中：
盐城市高中英语职称考试真题
职称英语综合类A词汇选项历年真题精选
2017年职称英语考试复习已经开始，为了让大家更好地备考职称英语考试，下面网我为大家提供了职称英语历年考试真题及答案详解，以下是职称英语综合A词汇选项历年考试真题及答案。
职称英语历年真题《综合A》词汇选项真题精选题
词汇选项精选一：
for life is a cardinal principle of the law.
A. fundamental
B. moral
C. regular
D. hard
2. The proposal was endorsed by the majority of members.
A. rejected
B. approved
C. submitted
D. considered
experts remain skeptical about his claims.
A. untouched
B. certain
C. silent
D. doubtful
species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.
A. tumed dead
B. passed by
C. carried away
D. become extinct
methods of communication used during the war were primitive.
A. reliable
B. effective
C. simple
D. alternative
world-class tennis players came to contend for this title.
A. argue
B. claim
C. wish
D. compete
out, or I'll burst the door down.
A. shut
B. beat
C. set
D. break
8. The rules are too rigid to allow for human error.
A. general
B. complex
C. inflexible
D. direct
tower remains intact ever after two htmdred years.
A. unknown
B. undamaged
C. unusual
D. unstable
10. They didn't seem to appreciate the magnitude of the problem.
A. existence
B. cause
C. importance
D. situation
11. The contract between the two companies will expire soon.
A. shorten
B. start
C. end
D. resume
12. The drinking water has become contaminated with lead.
A. polluted
B. treated
C. tested
D. corrupted
13. She shed a few tears at her daughter's wedding.
A. produced
B. wiped
C. injected
D. removed
14. Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems.
A. send
B. hear
C. confirm
D. spread
15. The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town.
A. cautious
B. naked
C. blind
D. private
职称英语历年真题《综合A》词汇选项真题精选题二：
was disaster on a cosmic scale.
A. modest
B. commercial
C. huge
D. national
secretaries came and went with monotonous regularity.
A. amazing
B. depressing
C. predictable
D. dull
person's wealth is often in inverse proportion to their happiness.
A. equal
B. certain
C. large
D. opposite
professional career spanned 16 years.
A. started
B. changed
C. lasted
D. moved
symptoms of the disease manifested themselves ten days later.
A. eased
B. improved
C. relieved
D. appeared
group does not advocate the use of violence.
A. limit
B. support
C. regulate
D. oppose
felt that she had done her good deed for the day.
A. act
B. homework
C. justice
D. model
8. Some of the larger birds can remain stationary in the air for several minutes.
A. motionless
B. silent
C. seated
D. true
was an inclination to treat geography as a less important subject.
A. point
B. result
C. finding
D. tendency
10. His stomach felt hollow with fear.
A. sincere
B. respectful
C. empty
D. terrible
11. The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.
A. copy
B. publish
C. summarize
D. furnish
12. That uniform makes the guards look absurd.
A. serious
B. beautiful
C. impressive
D. ridiculous
13. The department deferred the decision for six months.
A. put off
B. arrived at
C. abided by
D. protested against
14. The original experiment cannot be exactly duplicated.
A. invented
B. reproduced
C. designed
D. reported
15. The country was tom apart by strife.
B. poverty
C. war
D. economy
参考答案：
词汇选项精选题一：
。考查形容词。题干：尊重生命是法律的一个基本的原则。划线词cardinal意为“基本的，主要的”。选项fundamental意为“主要的，基本的”，moral意为“道德的，精神的”，regular意为“定期的，有规律的”，hard意为“硬的，艰难的”。cardinal与fundamental同义，故正确答案为A。
。考查动词。题干：提案得到了多数成员的认可。划线词endorse意为“签署，赞同，认可”。选项reject意为“拒绝，排斥”，approve意为“批准，赞成”，submit意为“使服从，提交”，consider意为“考虑，认为”。endorse与approve在语义上接近，所以正确答案为B。
。考查形容词。题干：许多专家对他的说法仍表示怀疑。划线词skeptical意为“怀疑的”。选项untouched意为“未受影响的，未改变的”，certain意为“必然的，无疑的，确定的”，silent意为“沉默的，寂静的”，doubtful意为“怀疑的，不确定的”。skeptical与doubtful同义，故正确答案为D。
。考查动词短语。题干：这个物种几乎快灭绝了，因为它的栖息地正在被破坏。划线词die out意为“灭绝，消失”。选项turn dead意为“死的，变成死的”，pass by意为“经过，逝去”，carry away意为“运走，带走”，become extinct意为“灭绝，绝种”。die out与become extinct同义，故答案为D。
。考查形容词。题干：战争期间所用的通信方法都是很简单的。划线词primitive意为“原始的，简单的，粗糙的”。选项reliable意为“可靠的，可信赖的”，effective意为“有效的，起作用的”，simple意为“简单的”，alternative意为“选择性的，交替的”。primitive与simple同义，故正确答案为C。
。考查动词。题干：三名世界级网球选手来争夺这个冠军。划线词contend意为“竞争，斗争”。选项argue意为“争论，辩论”，claim意为“要求，声称”，wish意为“希望”，compete意为“竞争，比赛，对抗”。contend与compete为近义词，所以答案为D。
。考查短语。题干：快出来，否则我就破门而入了。题干划线词burst down意为“损毁，破裂”。选项shut down意为“停工，关闭”，beat down意为“打倒，杀价”，setdown意为“放下，记下”，break down意为“分解，发生故障，毁掉”。burst down在语义上与break down比较接近，故正确答案为D。
。考查形容词。题干：这些规则太死板，没有考虑到人为的错误。划线词rigid意为“严格的，死板的”。选项9eneral意为“一般的，普通的”，complex意为“复杂的”，inflexible意为“不灵活的，顽固的”，direct意为“直接的.”。rigid在语义上与inflexible比较接近，故正确答案为C。
。考查形容词。题干：这座塔在两百年后依然保持完好无损。划线词intact意为“完整的，原封不动的，未受损害的”。选项unknown意为“未知的，陌生的”，undamaged意为“未受损坏的”，unusual意为“不寻常的”，unstable意为“不稳定的”。intact与undamaged在语义上一致，故正确答案为B。
。考查名词。题干：他们好像没意识到该问题的重要性。划线词magnitude意为“重要，大小，强度”。选项existence意为“存在”，cause意为“原因，起因”，importance意为“重要，重大”，situation意为“情况，形式”。magnitude与importance在语义上接近，故答案为C。
。考查动词。题干：两公司之间的合同将很快期满。划线词expire意为“终止，期满”。选项shorten意为“缩短，减少”，start意为“开始，发动”，end意为“终结，结束，终止”，resume意为“恢复，重新开始，继续”。expire与end在语义上一致，故C为正确答案。
。考查动词。题干：饮用水已经受到铅的污染了。划线词contaminated意为“污染的”。选项polluted意为“受污染的”，treated意为“治疗的，处理的”，tested意为“被检测的，经过检验的”，corrupted意为“的，毁坏的”。contaminated与polluted为同义词，所以正确答案为A。
。考查动词。题干：她在女儿的婚礼上流泪了。划线词“shed”意为“流出，脱落”，选项produce意为“产生，生产”，wipe意为“抹去，擦除”，inject意为“注射，注入”，remove意为“消除，移动，消除”。shed tears意为“流泪”，与produce在语义上比较接近，所以答案为A。
。考查动词。题干：关于他财务问题的谣言开始传播。划线词circulate意为“传播，流传”。选项send意为“发送，寄”，hear意为“听到，听说”，confirm意为“确认，确定”，spread意为“传播，流传，散步”。circulate与spread为同义词，所以答案为D。
。考查形容词。题干：警察需要对城镇的这一带保持警觉。划线词wary意为“谨慎的，机警的”。选项cautious意为“谨慎的，小心的”，naked意为“裸体的，无装饰的，无证据的”，blind意为“盲目的，瞎的”，private意为“私人的，私有的”。wary与cautious在语义上比较接近，故答案为A。
词汇选项精选题二：
。本题考查形容词。题干：这是一场极大规模的灾难。划线词cosmic的意思是“宇宙的，极为广阔的”，四个选项中modest意为“谦虚的”，commercial意为“商业的”，huge意为“巨大的”，national意为“国家的”。划线词cosmic的意思与huge意思相近，故本题选C。
。本题考查形容词。题干：新秘书以单调的规律性频繁更替着。划线单词monotonous的意思是“单调的，单一的”，四个选项中amazing意为“令人吃惊的”，depressing意为“沮丧的”，predictable意为“可预测的”，dull意为“单调的”。 monotonous的意思与dull含义相近，故本题答案为D。
。本题考查形容词。题干：一个人的财富通常情况下与幸福程度成反比。划线单词inverse的意思是“相反的，逆向的”，四个选项中equal意为“相等的”，certain意为“肯定的”，large意为“大的”，opposite意为“相反的”。 inverse的意思与0pposite的含义相同，故本题选D。
。本题考查动词。题干：他的职业生涯持续了16年。划线单词span可以做动词，也可以做名词，意思是“持续;跨度，横跨”，四个选项中start意为“开始”，change意为“改变”，last意为“持续”，move意为“移动”。span与last的语义比较相近，所以该题答案为C。
。本题考查动词。题干：十天后，这种疾病的症状显现了出来。划线词manifest的意思是“显示，展示”，四个选项中ease意为“放松”，improve意为“改善”，relieve意为“减轻，缓解”，appear意为“显示，出现”。 manifest的意思与appear相近，因此本题答案为D。
。本题考查动词。题干：该团体不提倡使用暴力。划线单词advocate的意思是“提倡，宣传”，四个选项中limit意为“限制”，support意为“支持”，regulate意为“管制，约束”，oppose意为“反对”。advocate与support的意思相近，与oppose的意思相反，故本题答案为B。
。本题考查名词。题干：她觉得她那天做了一件好事。划线单词deed的意思是“行为，事件”，四个选项中act意为“行为”，homework意为“家庭作业”，justice意为“正义”，model意为“模式”。deed与act的意思相近，故选A。
。本题考查形容词。题干：一些体型较大的鸟儿在空中能停留数分钟不动。划线单词stationary的意思是“静止的，不动的”，四个选项中motionless意为“静止不动的”，silent意为“安静的，寂静的”，seated意为“坐下的”，true意为“真实的”。stationary与motionless的含义相近，故选A。
。本题考查名词。题干：将地理作为一个不太重要的学科来对待，这是一种趋势。划线单词inclination的意思是“倾向，趋势”，四个选项中point意为“点”，result意为“结果”，finding意为“找到，发现”，tendency意为“倾向，趋势”。inclination与tendency的含义相近，故本题答案为D。
。本题考查形容词。题干：由于恐惧，他觉得胃部空空如也。划线词hollow的意思是“空的，中空的”，四个选项中sincere意为“诚挚的”，respectful意为“尊敬的，有礼貌的”，empty意为“空的”，terrible意为“恐怖的”。hollow与empty的意思相近，故该题答案为C。
。本题考查动词。题干：该委员会被要求提交一份关于住房情况的报告。划线单词render的意思是“致使;提出，提供”，四个选项中copy意为“复制”，publish意为“出版，发行”，summarize意为“总结”，furnish意为“布置，提供”。render在这里取“提出，提供”之意，与furnish在本句中可以互换，所以本题答案为D。
。本题考查形容词。题干：这套制服使得卫兵看上去十分可笑。划线单词absurd的意思是“荒谬的，可笑的”，四个选项中serious意为“严肃的，认真的”， beautiful意为“漂亮的，美丽的”，impressive意为“印象深刻的”，ridiculous意为“荒谬的”。absurd的意思与ridiculous的含义相同，所以答案为D。
。本题考查动词短语。题干：这个部门将决议延迟了6个月。划线单词defer的意思是“延迟，推迟”，四个选项中put off意为“推迟，延期”，arrive at意为“达到”，abide by意为“遵守”，protest against意为“抗议”。 defer与put off含义相同，故选A。
。本题考查动词。题干：最初始的实验室无法被精确复制。划线单词duplicate的意思是“复制”，四个选项中invent意为“发明，创造”，reproduce意为“复制，繁殖”，design意为“设计”，report意为“报告”。duplicate与reproduce的含义相近，故答案为8。
。本题考查名词。题干：这个国家由于纷争四分五裂。划线单词strife的意思是“冲突，纷争”，四个选项中conflict意为“冲突，矛盾”，poverty意为“贫穷”，war意为“战争”，economy意为“经济”。 strife与conflict含义相同，故选A。
职称英语理工类阅读判断真题
职称英语考试的阅读判断题型，要求考生判断题目所给出的句子。下面是我整理的'理工类阅读判断真题，欢迎欣赏!
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
Scientists have long speculated as to why animal species didn’t flourish sooner, once sufficient oxygen covered the Earth’s surface. Animals began to prosper at the end of the Proterozoic period, about 800 million years ago — but what about the billion-year stretch before that, when most researchers think there also was plenty of oxygen?
Well, it seems the air wasn’t so great then, after all.
In a study published Oct. 31 in Science, Yale researcher Noah Planavsky and his colleagues found that oxygen levels during the “boring billion” period were only of what they are today. In other words, Earth’s atmosphere couldn’t have supported a diversity of creatures, no matter what genetic advancements were poised to occur.
“There is no question that genetic and ecological innovation must ultimately be behind the rise of animals, but it is equally unavoidable that animals need a certain level of oxygen,” said Planavsky, co-lead author of the research along with Christopher Reinhard of the Georgia Institute of Technology. “We’re providing the first evidence that oxygen levels were low enough during this period to potentially prevent the rise of animals.”
The scientists found their evidence by analyzing chromium (Cr) isotopes in ancient sediments from China, Australia, Canada, and the United States. Chromium is found in the Earth’s continental crust, and chromium oxidation is directly linked to the presence of free oxygen in the atmosphere.
Specifically, the team studied samples deposited in shallow, iron-rich ocean areas, near the shore. They compared their data with other samples taken from younger locales known to have higher levels of oxygen.
Oxygen’s role in controlling the first appearance of animals has long vexed scientists. “We were missing the right approach until now,” Planavsky said. “Chromium gave us the proxy.” Previous estimates put the oxygen level at 40% of today’s conditions during pre-animal times, leaving open the possibility that oxygen was already plentiful enough to support animal life.
In the new study, the researchers acknowledged that oxygen levels were “highly dynamic” in the early atmosphere, with the potential for occasional spikes. However, they said, “It seems clear that there is a first-order difference in the nature of Earth surface Cr cycling” before and after the rise of animals.
“If we are right, our results will really change how people view the origins of animals and other complex life, and their relationships to the co-evolving environment,” said co-author Tim Lyons of the University of California-Riverside. “This could be a game changer.”
“There’s a lot of interest right now in a broader discussion surrounding the role that environmental stability played in the evolution of complex life, and we think our results are a significant contribution to that,” Reinhard said.
16. The study discovered the rise of animals occurred earlier than the Proterozoic period.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
17. Many researchers believe the oxygen level was high during pre-animal times.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
18. The team was funded by several research institutes.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
19. Genetic advancements triggered the rise of animals.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
20. The samples studied in the research were collected in ocean areas.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
21. The study revealed that chromium found in Earth’s continental crust remained stable before and after the rise of animals.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
22. Tim Lyons liked to play computer games in his spare time.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
Children have an increased of attention problems, seen as early as grade school. If their noses inhaled(吸入)a certain type of air pollution when they were pregnant. That's the finding of a new study. Released when things aren't burned completely, this pollution is known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or PAHs. The biggest sources of these PAHs: the burning of fossil fuels, wood and trash.
Frederica Perera works at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health is New York City. She researches how exposure to things in the environment affects children's health in a new study, she and her team studied the exposure to air pollution of 233 nonsmoking pregnant women in New York City. Because burning tobacco can spew(排放)PAHs into the air and lungs, Perera's team focused on nonsmokers. The researchers wanted to probe(探查)other sources of PAHs, ones that's would have been hard for an individual to avoid.
The team started by testing the blood of each woman during pregnancy. The reason Any PAHs in a woman's blood would also be available to the baby in her womb. Nine years later, the researchers investigated signs of attention problems in those children, now age 9. They asked each child's mother a series of questions. These included whatever her child had problems doing things that needed sustained(长期的)mental effort, such as homework or games with friends. The scientists also asked if the kids had trouble following instructions or made frequent, careless mistakes. All of these can be symptoms of a disorder called Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, or ADHD. About one in . children has ADHD.
Among the women studied, traffic and home heating were the primary sources of air pollution exposure, Perera and her team suspect. Some of these women had low levels of PAHs in their blood. Ohters had high levels. Those with high levels were five times as likely to have children who showed attention problems by age 9. The new findings were published November 5 in the journal PLOS ONE.
16. Perera and her team chose nonsmoking pregnant women all over America.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
17. The main purpose of the research was to find out how exposure to PAHs played a role in harming the subjects' physical health.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
18. Nonsmoking mothers were selected because the effect of smoking on PAHs was unclear.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
19. The blood of each woman was tested once a month during pregnancy.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
20 Kids with ADHD commonly fail in school.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
21. The women with high levels of PAHs in their blood were more likely to have kids with ADHD.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
22. Traffic and home heating were considered to be the biggest sources of PAHs for the subjects in the research.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
Children have an increased risk of attention problems，seen as early as grade school , if their moms inhaled(吸入)a certain type of air pollution when they were pregnant. That's the finding of a new study. Released when things aren't burned completely, this pollution is known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or PAHs. The biggest sources of these PAHs: the burning of fossil fuels, wood and trash.
Frederica Perera works at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health in New York City. She researches how exposure to things in the environment affects children's health. In a new study , she and her team studied the exposure to air pollution of 233 nonsmoking pregnant women in New York City. Because burning tobacco can spew(排放) PAHs into the air and lungs, Perera's team focused on nonsmokers. The researchers wanted to probe(探查) other sources of PAHs, ones that would have been hard for an individual to avoid.
The team started by testing the blood of each woman during pregnancy. The reason: Any PAHs in a woman's blood would also be available to the baby in her womb. Nine years later, the researchers investigated signs of attention problems in these children, now age 9. They asked each child's mother a series of questions. These included whether her child had problems doing things that needed sustained(长期的) mental effort, such as homework or games with friends. The scientists also asked if the kids had trouble following instructions or made frequent, careless mistakes. All of these can be symptoms of a disorder called Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, or ADHD. About one in 10 . children has ADHD.
Among the women studied, traffic and home heating were the primary sources of air pollution exposure, Perera and her team suspect. Some of these women had low levels of PAHs in their blood. Others had high levels. Those with high levels were five times as likely to have children who showed attention problems by age 9. The new findings were published November 5 in the journal PLOS ONE.
16. Perera and her team chose nonsmoking pregnant women all over America
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
17. The main purpose of the research was to find out how exposure to PAHs played a role in harming the subjects' physical health.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
18. Nonsmoking mothers were selected because the effect of smoking on PAHs was unclear.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
19. The blood of each women was tested once a month during pregnancy.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
20. Kids with ADHD commonly fail in school.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
21. The women with high levels of PAHs in their blood were more likely to have kids with ADHD
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
22. Traffic and home heating were considered to be the biggest sources of PAHs for the subjects in the research.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
职称英语《理工B》真题及答案（完整版）
职称英语已经在3月26日开考，为了能让大家在考后及时看到试题及答案，下面是我为大家搜索整理了关于职称英语《理工B》真题及答案(完整版)，欢迎各位考生进行参考。
1.【题干】The revelation of his past led to his resignation.
【答案】B
2.【题干】Jensen is dangerous man, and can be very brutal.
【答案】B
3.【题干】Youll have to sprint if you want to catch the train.
【答案】C
4.【题干】We are worried about this fluid situation full with uncertainty.
【答案】A
5.【题干】The new garment fits her perfectly.
【答案】C
6.【题干】The phobia may have its root in a childhood trauma.
【答案】C
7.【题干】They have built canals to irrigate the desert.
【答案】B
8.【题干】Her overall language proficiency remains that of a toddler.
【答案】D
9.【题干】The coastal area has very mild winter, but the central plains remain extremely cold.
【答案】A
10.【题干】The details of the costume were totally authentic.
【答案】A
11.【题干】We are aware of the potential problems.
【答案】B
12.【题干】The idea was quite brilliant.
【答案】B
13.【题干】Stock market price tumbled after rumor of a rise in interest rate.
【答案】D
14.【题干】The course gives you basic instruction in car maintenance.
【答案】A
15.【题干】All houses within 100 meters of the seas are at risk of flooding.
danger
of control
equals
particular
【答案】A
2021杭州市中考英语试题卷
2022年中考英语答题技巧及注意事项
一、听力：
1. 试卷拿到手后，第一件事就是通读题干，赢得一切可以利用的时间读题。读题时要适当做一些标记，如2021年中考听力第4小题What time is it now?，读题时可以把now标注出来，这种题目可能需要进行加法或减法换算。
2. 不但要读题目还要读选项，或是看图片的内容。通过读选项，找出选项的不同之处。如2021年中考听力第12小题选项A. Because he didn't sleep well. B. Because he didn’t have enough time. C. Because he didn’t know how to prepare for it.，可以提前找出选项中不同的关键词“sleep well、have enough time、 how to prepare for ”。
3. 如果遇到没听清的单词或没听懂的句子时，应冷静思考，根据上下文的内容和说话的语气，进行判断并选出正确的答案，切忌停留在某个单词或句子那里，费时思考从而影响听下面的内容，这样会影响整个听力测试的成绩。
4. 要会利用试题间隔的时间，迅速浏览各题的选项，抓住细节，排除干扰，强化记忆，积极预测，大胆推理。
5. 要养成边听边记的习惯，尤其是一些细节问题，如：时间、地点、年龄、价格和一些数据等。可记在试卷的旁边处用任何自己熟悉的符号，如数字，汉语帮助快速找出答案。
6. 听录音，填入所缺的词。请考生记住以下几个原则：
顺序原则。出于难度因素考虑，中考听力填词通常是按顺序出题的，即考生只需按考题的顺序，一一等待并捕捉相关的信息答题即可。
(2) 格式统一原则。考生在答题后，应注意观察表格前后、上下相关信息的格式。如首字母是否要大写，切记是每空一词，如果从材料中听到词组，需要提取出核心词。填写数词时建议写阿拉伯数字，避免单词拼写错误或首字母大小写错误。
（3）语法原则。答案写的时候要注意语法正确，可在检查答案的时候完成，尤其是要判断动词和名词的正确形式。如2021年中考听力第17小题Give small 17 ，可从前面没有定冠词判断为复数形式gifts。
7. 听力结束，检查答案。在修改答案时，要慎之又慎，没有绝对的把握不要修改，最初的选择往往是正确的。并将听力答案和有关信息涂到答题卡上。
二、单选：
1. 注意题干中的暗示信息。
2. 找准考点即题眼是什么。如2021年中考单项选择第25小题
一Have you ever heard "A thousand mile journey begins with the first “?
一Yes, It's a famous Chinese saying by Laozi.
B. step C. break D. exam
此题想考查这句话“千里之行始于足下”，与“足”有关单词毫无疑问是“step”
3. 注意审题，排除干扰选项，即用排除法做题。
4. 注意英语日常习惯表达。
5. 多考虑平常练习中易错的题或是易错的点。
6. 用翻译的方法检查答案。
7. 单选错题率应控制在3分以内。
三．完形填空：
1. 做完形一定要注意整体性，即上下文，绝不能孤立地考虑每个题。
2. 完形应分三步走：一通读全文，理解大意，选出简单的或固定搭配的题2021年中考第38小题，可以准确断定是actor；二逐个突破，此时要利用上下文联系，以及翻译来判断选项，此时的题目都是词义辨析题；三检查排疑，通读全文，利用文章的整体性把前两步没有选出的题目选出来，同时检查答案。
四、阅读理解：
1. 对于细节题，应在文中找出题目包含的句子或短语，然后利用上下文选出正确答案。
2. 对于判断正误题，应把选项中的四句话都在文中找出来，然后再判断。
3. 对于归纳、找主题、找主旨的题目，应通读全文，可把重点放在开头或结尾段，答案要全面深入，切忌表面、片面。
4. 对于推断题，要符合逻辑和事实，不能选过于绝对的答案。
5. 用英语回答问题的第73~75小题答题注意事项：
(1) 认真审题，做题时要看清问题类型。此类题的问题中一般都是特殊疑问句，需要用文中具体信息来回答。答题时总的原则就是:能简略回答,尽量简略回答。但是像问“做什么”或用why问“原因”等则要完整回答。如2021年中考第73小题. Why did the man worry about his son? (不超过10个词)答案是 Because he had no goal in life and wasn't happy.很多考生缺少Because, 因为答题不规范，该题只得1分。
(2) 书写要规范。句子开头首字母要大写;正确使用标点符号;单词拼写要正确无误;不要漏词；单词书写要认真。如2021年中考第75小题.参考答案是It's important to have a goal in life and enjoy the journey as well.很多考生在抄写时漏掉冠词a，只得1分，很可惜。
(3) 做出适当调整。在回答时,同学们应对照题目,根据需要对原文中的句子在人称、时态、语态、单复数、词性、主谓一致等方面做出适当的调整。
五、单词拼写：
1、一定要翻译句子。
2、一定要读完整个句子，切记用正确形式（如果你填的是原型要重点检查）。
3、弄清把答案写在什么地方，写错地方不得分。
4. 检查答案，可用翻译的方法。
七、书面表达：
1、 书写规范。
2、 分段，切忌一段到底。开头开门见山点出主题。
3、 审题，题目要求至少要读两遍，确定基本时态和人称。 下面这篇书面表达就出现人称错误（应该用第一人称）和人称混乱的现象。
4、语法要正确，不要用太多的修饰词，能写出正确的主谓宾结构的句子。
5、注意句法正确，人称要一致，主谓要一致。。
6、在草稿纸上打草，写完后当成短文改错来修改，修改无误后誊抄到试卷上。很多学生没有养成打草稿的习惯，没有构思好就直接在答题卡上书写，出现错误就用修正液涂改，导致卷面不工整。
表面文章 【拼音】：biǎo miàn wén zhāng 【解释】：比喻浮夸或不切实际，敷衍塞责的做法。 【出处】：邓小平《在全国科学大会开幕式上的讲话》：“一句话，就是要落在实处。追求表面文章，不讲实际效果、实际效率、实际速度、实际质量、实际成本的形式主义必须制止。” 【示例】：他总爱做～。 【近义词】：表面功夫 【歇后语】：脸上写字 【语法】：作宾语、定语；指应付
2021年杭州中考英语作文大课堂 文/孙雪梅话题一 Personal background (个人情况) 一．与此话题相关单元 7A Unit 1 My name’s Gina. 7A Unit 8 When is your birthday? 7B Unit 9 What does he look like? 9A Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark.二．本话题的常用表达 brother is a boy of 15 years old. was born in on… spends a lot of time helping others. should learn from him. stories encourage me to… is no doubt that he is a successful… was my first time to… am good at telling stories. ’s of medium height, and she has long straight hair. used to like…, but now he is more interested in… l 参考谚语 there is a will, there is a way. begun is half done. makes perfect. has his price. have to believe in yourself. That’s the secret of success. 三．佳句欣赏与模仿 1. That’s because he was a really good student. 我的妈妈非常强健，那是因为她每天坚持做运动。 仿写：__________________________________________________________________________ 2. That’s when I decided to change. 我爸爸过去很胖，而且经常生病。医生建议他要多做运动。那时他决定改变自己。 仿写：__________________________________________________________________________ 3. A. Now she’s not shy anymore and loves singing in front of crowds. B. So he was no longer interested in studying and missed classes. 我不再肥胖了。 仿写：__________________________________________________________________________ 4. It’s very important for parents to be there for their children. 对孩子们来说与父母沟通很重要。 仿写：__________________________________________________________________________ 5. Her grandparents have had a great influence on Kate. 我的老师对我产生巨大的影响。 仿写：__________________________________________________________________________ 6. To Li Wen’s surprise, their conversation changed his life. 使我惊奇的是，我的妈妈变得越来越美了。 仿写：__________________________________________________________________________ 7. There is no doubt that he is a successful teacher. 毫无疑问，我的妈妈是一位伟大的妈妈。 仿写：__________________________________________________________________________四．写作范例． 初中阶段令你印象最深刻的是哪位老师？请用英语写一篇题为”The Teacher I will Never Forget” 的作文。 内容包括：1. 教师性格或特长；2. 列举一个事例；3. 对老师的感谢和祝福。 【参考范文】 The Teacher I will Never Forget How time flies! Three years has passed since I became a middle school student. I had very good memories of my classmates and teachers. The teacher I never forget is Athena, my English teacher. She had a great influence on me. She is always serious with us. But she is very kind. For example, English used to be my worst subject, and I didn’t like it at all. But she could always make her class interesting and easy. That made me take an interest in learning English. About two years ago, she found I was worried about my poor grammar. She spent her free time helping me do lots of practice in grammar. She was so patient that I was deeply moved by her. With the help of Athena, I wasn’t worried about my English anymore. That’s why my English is always top now. There is no doubt that Athena is a great teacher! She made my life full of love. And I wish her a healthy and happy life in the future. 五.实战演练 假设你叫李华，你校正在招募英语角活动主持人，你想应征该职位。请你根据下面表格中的内容提示给负责人刘老师写一封自荐信。 姓名 李华 应征职位 英语角主持人 自荐理由 1.身体健康，精力充沛；2.英语口语好，有过一年在美国学习的经历；3……. 4…… 要求：自荐信须包括表格中的内容要点，细节可以适当发挥；字数80词左右，信的开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mrs. Liu, I’m from Class 2, Grade 9. And my name’s Li Hua. I’d love to be the host of our school’s English Corner. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________孙雪梅，笔名竹外疏花，中学英语教师，教学笔记和育人心德多篇，诗作若干，闲暇时与山水相逢，偏爱竹、云和天空。
多元汉字与图形符号输入法（多元码）自带有九万条词汇，输入 wsgs 打出【表面】两字，即见下列词汇：
表面文章。表面淬火。表面质量。表面现象。表面张力。表面积。表面化。表面性。表面上。表面活性剂。表面光洁度。
〖友情提醒〗多元汉字与图形符号输入法受国家发明专利保护，未委托任何网站提供下载。现已发现某些网站提供假冒“多元汉字与图形符号输入法”的软件下载，并没有多元输入法的任一先进功能，且纯属侵权和欺行为，提请网友注意，以免上当！
杭州市2012中考英语真题讲解
要能明白自己相对来说较弱的知识方面进行有针对的复习，比如说我对被动语态掌握的不好，那就强化对被动语态方面的联系，不要求大、求全，要结合自身的情况进行有针对性的学习，及时你平时的学习成绩不是很理想，这个时候也要给自己打气。
这个题考查判断，表示判断只有3个:may,must和can't.所以本题其它3个选项直接排除。原意：你一定不够严肃，你又要借给他钱。
原意：你确实又要把钱借给他吗？你可能不紧张
spend，人花费 cost 物品花费 take 前加It sometime 某时 sometimes 有事 some time 一段时间
