摘要：
高中英语定语从句考点完整版定语从句1.由一个句子作定语，修饰句中一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰整个句子或句中的部分内容，这样的从句就是定语从句，被其修饰的名词或代词叫先行词... 高中英语定语从句考点完整版
定语从句
1.由一个句子作定语，修饰句中一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰整个句子或句中的部分内容，这样的从句就是定语从句，被其修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
2.关系词分为两大类，即关系代词和关系副词，其作用一是引出一个定语从句，二是代替其所修饰的`先行词，三是在句中充当某个句子成分。
关系词的分类和基本用法
表一
分类指代引导词
关系代词人who, whom, that, as
事物which, that, as
人或物(表所属关系)Whose
关系副词地点Where
时间When
原因Why
表二
关系代词指代例句解释
who人The man who helped you is Mr White.在定从中作主语
whomThat is the person(whom/who/that) you want to see.在定从中作宾语，可省略
whoseHe is the father whose son studies very well in our class.在定从中作定语
thatIm not the fool that you thought me to be.在定从中作表语
asHe is such a lazy man as nobody wants to work with.在定从中作宾语
that事物The only thing that we can do is to give you some advice.在定从中作宾语
whichA dictionary is a useful book which tells us the meaning of words在定从中作主语
whoseHe lives in a room whose window faces south在定从中作定语
asIt is such a big stone as nobody can lift.在定从中作宾语
整句内容As is known to all, he is the best student.在定从中作主语
表三
关系副词指代例句解释
when时间Would you suggest a time when we can have a talk?在定从中作状语
where地点The house where they live is not very large.在定从中作状语
why原因This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting.在定从中作状语
【 #英语资源# 导语】定语从句作为英语语法，在学习过程中属于中较难理解与掌握的部分，也正是由于其复杂程度较高、逻辑性较强、理解难度很大，屡屡让同学们在考试中丢分数、失信心、丧斗志！以下内容由 ！ 定语从句“三要素” 1.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词 ①指人的先行词 ②指物的先行词 先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。 He has passed the driving test, whichsurprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词 2.关系词：引导定语的词 (1)关系词的作用 ①替代前面的先行词（替代作用） ②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用） ③在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用） (2)关系词的分类 ①标准：根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类 ②关系代词：在从句中做 主，宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as） ③关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why) 3.定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子 定语从句的分类 1.限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。 He is a teacher whoworks at our school. 2.非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开) Beijing, whichis the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history. 比较： He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only two sons.) He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has two more sons) 定语从句的10个难点 1.关系代词的省略(限定性定语从句) (1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语 She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that) (2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语 He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that) (3)关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略 Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in. 比较： Housing price is a problem in whichpeople are interested.（此时只能用which且不能省略） 2.先行词是人(that/who的区别) (1)用that的情况 ①以疑问词who开头的句子中 Who is the man thatis shouting there? ②关系代词在从句中作表语时 She is not the girl thatshe used to be. ③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰 This is the very person thatwe are looking for. (2)用who的情况 ①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等 Those whowant to go to the cinemawill have to wait at the gate of the school. ②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用who Who is the boy thatwon the gold medal? ③在there be 结构中 There are many young men whoare against him. ④在非限定性定语从句当中 Tom, whois my best friend,has gone abroad to study. 3.先行词是物(that / which的区别) (1)用which的情况 ①在非限定性定语从句中 She lost the game, whichdepressed her greatly. ②关系词置于介词之后，作宾语 The pen with whichyou writeis Jack’s. ③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which. Let me show you the novel thatI borrowed from the librarywhichis newly open to us. (2)用that的情况 ①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等 She did all thatshe couldto help us. ②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much, the only, he very, the right，the last等所修饰时 This is the very book thatI want. ③先行词中既有人又有物时 She described in her compositions the people and he places thatimpressed her most. ④先行词前有序数词或形容词*高级修饰时 This is the best book thatI have ever read. This is the first film thatI’ve seensince I came here. ⑤定语从句中套定语从句，其中一个关系词以用which, 另外一个用that He built a factory whichproduced thingsthathad never been seen before. ⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用that Who is the person thatis standing at the gate? 引导定语从句用法 (1)As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定句中充当主语，宾语，表语等。 常用于以下句型当中：Such/so….. as…. 像…..一样 the same …. as… 和…...同样的 A computer is souseful a machine aswe can use everyday. He is not the sameman ashe was. (2)引导非限制性定语从句，此时译为“正如，像”等。 可以放在句首，句中或句末。 As I remember, there were a net bar here. Taiwan is an inseparable part of China, as is known to all. the same as...和the same that...引导定语从句的区别 This is the samebike thatI lost yesterday.(同一事物) This is the samebike asI lost yesterday. （同类事物） 5.关系副词的运用 (1)When 在定语从句中做时间状语，先行词为表示时间的time, day等 I still remember the day whenI first came to Beijing. (when=on which) (2)Where 在定语从句中做地点状语，先行词为表地点的place, spot等 Can you tell me the office wherehe works? (where = in which) (3)Why 在定语从句中做原因状语，先行词只有reason. I don’t want to listen to any reason whyyou were absent. (why = for which) 关系副词 = 相应的介词 + 关系代词 Where引导的定语从句还可以修饰抽象空间的名词如case(情形)，situation, position(位置),stage (阶段)，point（地步）等 What are the situations wherebody languageis the only form of communication? 在哪些情况下身体语言是的沟通方式。(此时where = in which) 6.几个特殊的先行词 (1)way在定语从句中做状语时的三种引导方式 that / in which / 不填 The way in which / that / 不填he explains the sentence to us is quite simple. 比较：The way which /that/不填 he told to us was quite simple. way在定语中作tell的宾语 (2)先行词time time表示“次数”时，用关系代词that引导定语从句 This is the first time thatthe president has visited the country. time作“一段时间” 讲时，应用关系副词when This was the time whenthere were no radios, no telephones or no TV sets 此时when = during which 在..期间 (3)先行词reason当在定语从句中作状语时，定语从句的4种引导方式 why/for which/that/不填 This is the reason why/for which/that/不填he can not come here. 比较：Is this the reason that/which/不填he explained to us for his absence from the conference. reason 在定语从句中做explain的宾语 7.介词+关系代词 该结构的关系代词只有两种即 介词+which（指物） 介词+whom（指人） 该结构介词的选用原则： (1)根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配 This is the book on whichI spent $ 8. This is the book for whichI paid $ 8. (2)根据先行词的搭配习惯 I remember the days during whichI lived there. I remember the day on whichI graduated from university. (3)根据整个句子所表达的意思来决定 The colorless gas without whichwe can’t live is called oxygen. (4)英语中为了强调某一名词，不定式前面也可以加上关系代词。 Here is the money with which to buy the piano. She is the right person on whom to depend 注意： ①如果介词后移，关系代词可以省略 The person (whom/who/that) you will write to is Todd. ②有些含有介词的动词短语介词不能提前如look for/after; take care of; send for; hear from/of/about deal with等 This is the baby that you will look after. 8.定语从句的主谓一致 (1)当先行词是 one of + 复数名词，定语从句的位于动词要用复数形式 The Great Wall is one of the world-famous buildings thatdraw lots of visitor every year. (2)当先行词是 the only + one of +复数名词，从句谓语用单数形式 The Great Wall is the only one of the buildings on the earth thatis seen from the moon. (3)先行词如果是整个句子，定语从句的谓语动词用单数 Great changes have taken place in China, asis known to all. He has passed the driving test, whichsurprises all of us. 9.定语从句的转化 定语从句可以转换为 –ing或-ed形式 The girl (who is) dancing nowjust returned from Taiwan. I love the stories (which were) written by Hemingway. The man (who stands) standing thereis my friend. 10.定语从句的解题方法 (1)判断从句是否为定语从句 （先行词，关系词，定语从句） (2)准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、宾、表、定、状)从而正确选定使用关系代词或关系副词 注意： ①关系代词whose的用法。Whose在定语从句中做定语。 当先行词是人： whose = the + 名词 + of whom 当先行词是物：whose = the + 名词 + of which Do you know the boy whose parents / the parents of whom are on holiday? I’d like a room whose window / the window of which faces the sea. ②That引导定语从句，名词性从句 和 强调句型的区别: 定语从句中的that: 关系代词，在后面的定语从句中做句子成分。 名词性从句中的that：从属连词，只起连接主从句的作用，在从句中不做句子成分。 强调句中的that, 运用于it is/was…that..结构；判断标准：去掉强调句型结构，成分仍然完整。 比较： This is the book that I am looking for. (that 引导定语从句) It is at Bashu middle school that I have studied for three years. (that和前面的it is构成强调句型) The fact that he stole the money surprised all of us. (that 引导名词性从句--同位语从句) That he will come to the conference has excited all of us. (that引导名词性从句--主语从句) We all expect that they win, for members of their team are stronger. (that引导名词性从句--宾语从句) The reason for your failure is that you lack confidence in yourself. (that 引导名词性从句--表语从句) 定语从句专项练习 把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句 fan is on the desk. You want it. 2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday. 3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away. students will not pass the exam . They don’t study hard. 5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park. 6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday. 7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night. 8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning. 9. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago. 10. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it. 11. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop. 12. That’s the child. We were looking at his drawing just now. is the boy. His sister is a famous singer. want to talk to the boys. Their homework haven’t been handed in. 15. Is that the woman? Her daughter is in my class. 16. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees. 17. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields. 18. The soldier ran to the building. On the top of it flew a flag. the evening they arrived at a hill. At the foot of the hill there was a temple. 20. She came into a big room. In the middle of it stood a large table.
定语从句考点归纳篇一
定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有：when, where, why等。
关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
2） Whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose （of which） cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
定语从句考点归纳篇二
I. 定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。
关系词先行词从句成分
例句
关系代 词who人主语Do you know the man who is talking with your mother？whom， which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that
whom人宾语Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working
The boy (whom) she loved died in the war..
whose人或物定语I like those books whose topics are about history.
The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate.
that人或物主语，宾语A plane is a machine that can fly.
She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.
which物主语，宾语The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.
The picture which was about the accident was terrible.
as人或物主语，宾语He is such a person as is respected by all of us.
This is the same pen as I lost 做宾语一般不省略
关系副 词when时间时间状语I will never forget the day when we met there.可用on which
where地点地点状语This is the house where I was born.可用in which
why原因原因状语I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.可用for which
II. that与which， who， whom的用法区别情况用法说明
例句
只用that的情况1.先行词为all， everything， anything， nothing， little， much，等不定代词时
2.先行词被all， any， every， each， much， little， no， some， few等修饰时
3.先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时
4.先行词既指人又指物时
5.先行词被the only， the very修饰时
6.句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时 told me everything that he knows.
the books that you offered has been given out.
is the best film that I have ever read.
talked about the persons and things that we remembered.
is the only man that I want to see.
is the man that is making a speech？
只用which， who， whom的情况1.在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人
2.在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。
3.先行词本身是that时，关系词用which， 先行词为those， one， he时多用who。
has a son， who has gone abroad for further study.
like the person to whom the teacher is talking.
who respect others are usually respected by others.
III. as、which和that的区别
从句区别
限制性
定语从句中名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代词用as，不能用whichHe is not such a fool as he looks.
Don’t read such books as you can’t understand.
非限制性
定语从句中as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。They won the game， as we had expected.
They won the game， which we hadn’t expected.
As is well known， he is a famous film star in the 1980s.
the same... as和
the same ...thatthe same... as指同类事物
the same ...that 指原物That’s the same tool as I used last week.(同类工具，不是同一把)
That’s the same tool that I used last week.那就是我上周用过的工具。
注意：the way 做先行词时，定语从句可由that， in which 引导或不用引导词。
IV.定语从句与其它从句(句型)的'区别
类别区别
定语从句与并列句：定语从句与并列句的主要区别在于：并列句有像and，but，so等并列连词或两个句子用分号连接，这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。 ①Mr Li has three daughters，none of _____ is an engineer.
②Mr Li has three daughters，but none of _____ is a dancer.
从结构上看，①小题是定语从句，故填whom；
②小题有并列连词but，是并列句，故填代词 them。
定语从句与状语从句：定语从句的前面有名词作先行词，而状语从句没有先行词。 This is the place where we used to live a few years ago.
这是几年前我们居住的地方。(定语从句，先行词为the place)
Let’s go where we can find a better job.
我们到能找到更好的工作的地方去吧。(地点状语从句)
定语从句修饰、限制、说明名词，只能放在先行词的后面，而状语从句说明动作发生的情况，并且可以放在主句的前面。 Do you know the time when the class is over？ 你知道下课的时间吗？(定语从句)
It was already five o’clock when the class was over.
=When the class was over， it was already five o’clock.
当下课时己经是5点了。(时间状语从句)
When， where和why在引导定语从句时可以用“介词+which”的结构来替换，在引导状语从句时却不行。 This is the factory in which (where) his father once worked.
这就是他的父亲曾经工作过的那个工厂。(定语从句)
Put back the book where it was. 把书放回原处。(状语从句)
定语从句中的关系词在从句中充当某种句子成分，因此去掉它则从句成分不完整；而结果状语从句中的连接词在从句中不作任何成分，去掉后从句的成分仍然完整。 It is such an interesting book as we all like. 它是我们大家都喜欢的如此有趣的书。
(as用作动词like的宾语，它引导的是定语从句)
It is such an interesting book that we all like it.
它是一本如此有趣的书，我们大家都喜欢它。
(that不充当句子成分，故它引导的是结果状语从句)
定语从句与同位语从句：定语从句在复合句中相当于形容词，对先行词起修饰、描述或限制的作用，与先行词之间有从属关系。同位语的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词给予补充说明或进一步解释，是前面名词的具体内容，与先行词之间是同位关系。 The news that she had passed the exam made her parents very happy.
她考试及格的消息使她父母亲很高兴。(同位语从句)
此句中的同位语从句 The news that she had passed the exam
可以改写成表语从句：The news is that he passed the exam.
The news that he told us interested all of us.
他告诉我们的消息使大家都感兴趣。(定语从句)
The news that he told us 是定语从句，此句不能改写为：The news is that he told us.
定语从句与强调句：强调句的结构为“It is/was+被强调部分+that+从句”。被强调部分可以是除谓语以外的任何成分，当被强调部分是人时，还可用who代替that。这一句型中，一定不能因为被强调部分是表时间或地点的词就用when或where代替 that。 ①It is on the morning of May 1st _____ I met Liang Wei at the airport.
②It is the factory _____ Mr Wang works.
从结构上看：
①小题是强调句，故填 that。
②小题则是定语从句，用上述方法转换便知the factory前差个介词in，故填 where。
高中英语各大从句总结完整版
英语八大从句类型与用法总结举例如下：
一、定语从句：
在复合句中， 修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的有关系代词who，whom，whose，which，that等和关系副词where，when，why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。
二、状语从句：
表示“当…时候”的while，when，as的用法区别是：while从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词；表示带有规律性的“每当”或当主、从句谓语动词的动作发生有先后时，只能用when；当表示“一边…一边…”或“随着”时，只能用as，另外，用于此义的as所引导的时间状语从句谓语只能是动作动词，不能是状态动词。
三、名词性从句：
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(NounClauses），名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
英语从句
主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。这4种属于名词性从句，相当于一个名词功效。
定语从句，相当于形容词功效。
状语从句，相当于副词功效。
高中英语主要要掌握三大从句. 分别是： 1、定语从句（形容词从句） 2、名词词从句（包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句） 3、状语从句（副词性从句,包括时间,地点,结果,目的,原因等） 一、定语从句： 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词.定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出. 1、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分.关系代词在定语从句中作主词保持一致. （1）,who,whom,that 这些词代替指人,“whom”作宾语指人,“that”既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略）,可以指人也可以指物. （2）,Which 用来指人或物 (用作主语、宾语,作宾语时可以省略） （3）,whose “whose”表示谁（可以为人也可以为物）的（东西） 2、关系代词引导的定语从句 （1）,关系副词why主要用于修饰表示原因的名词（主要是the reason）,同时它在定语从句中用作原因状语. （2）,关系副词when主要用于修饰表示时间的名词,同时它在定语从句中用作时间状语. （3）,关系副词where主要用于修饰表示地点的名词,同时它在定语从句中用作地点状语. 3、非限制性定语从句 它起补充说明作用,缺少也不会影响全句的理解.在非限制性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开. 二、名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）.名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句. 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 1、连词（5个）：that （宾语从句或表语从句中that有时可以省略） whether,if （均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性） as if ,as though （均表示“好像”,“似乎”） 以上在从句中均不充当任何成分 2、连接代词（9个）：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whomever,whose,which,whichever 3、连接副词（7个）：when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however 三、状语从句 状语从句 （Adverbial Clause） 状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子.它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子.根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句.状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导,也可以由词组引起.从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开. 状语从句细分的话,共包括九种： 1.时间状语从句 2.地点状语从句 3.原因状语从句 4.条件状语从句 5.目的状语从句 6.让步状语从句 7.比较状语从句 8.方式状语从句 9.结果状语从句
根据从句语法功能的不同可分为：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句6类。
1、主语从句
主语从句就是作主语的从句。它的连接词有连词、连接副词、连词代词。主语从句放在句首时，句子显得很笨重，因此常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语后置，比如：
It is a pity that you have missed such a wonderful concert.
真遗憾你错过了这么精彩的一场音乐会。
2、表语从句
表语从句就是作表语的从句。它的连接词有连词、连接副词、连词代词等。
比如：
My idea is that we meet at the bus stop.
我的想法是我们在公共汽车站会面。
3、宾语从句
宾语从句就是作宾语的从句。它的连接词有连词、连接副词、连词代词等。
比如：
She said that she would drop maths.
她说她要放弃数学。
4、同位语从句
同位语从句就是作同位语的从句，它的连接词有连词、连接副词等。
The fact that everyone loves beauty is common sense.
人人爱美是常识。
5、定语从句
定语从句就是作定语的从句。定语从句主要修饰、限定、描绘名词，有时修饰代词，放所修饰词后边。
比如：
The girl who wears a new dress is my daughter.
那个穿新衣服的女孩是我的女儿。
6、状语从句
状语从句就是作状语的从句。在复合句中修饰主句中的谓语动词、形容词或副词，起状语作用的从句叫作状语从句。
比如：
Soon after he jumps his parachute will open.
他跳伞之后，降落伞就会打开。
高中英语定语从句笔记整理
定语从句
1.由一个句子作定语，修饰句中一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰整个句子或句中的部分内容，这样的从句就是定语从句，被其修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
2.关系词分为两大类，即关系代词和关系副词，其作用一是引出一个定语从句，二是代替其所修饰的`先行词，三是在句中充当某个句子成分。
关系词的分类和基本用法
表一
分类指代引导词
关系代词人who, whom, that, as
事物which, that, as
人或物(表所属关系)Whose
关系副词地点Where
时间When
原因Why
表二
关系代词指代例句解释
who人The man who helped you is Mr White.在定从中作主语
whomThat is the person(whom/who/that) you want to see.在定从中作宾语，可省略
whoseHe is the father whose son studies very well in our class.在定从中作定语
thatIm not the fool that you thought me to be.在定从中作表语
asHe is such a lazy man as nobody wants to work with.在定从中作宾语
that事物The only thing that we can do is to give you some advice.在定从中作宾语
whichA dictionary is a useful book which tells us the meaning of words在定从中作主语
whoseHe lives in a room whose window faces south在定从中作定语
asIt is such a big stone as nobody can lift.在定从中作宾语
整句内容As is known to all, he is the best student.在定从中作主语
表三
关系副词指代例句解释
when时间Would you suggest a time when we can have a talk?在定从中作状语
where地点The house where they live is not very large.在定从中作状语
why原因This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting.在定从中作状语
下面就是我给大家带来的高中英语语法知识 总结 ：定语从句，希望能帮助到大家!
高中英语语法知识总结：定语从句
易错点1 关系代词与关系副词的混用
1.定语从句相当于一个形容词，起定词作用， 修饰名词或代词
2.定语从句的引导词的三种功用:( 1)引导定语从句(2)替代先行词(3)在定语从句中充当一定的成分。
3.解题要领:根据定语从句中所缺成分来确定是用关系代词还是关系副词，决不要因先行词是时间名词就用when，是地点名词就用where。
易错点2 关系代词who、whom、whose的误用
对于定语从句关系词的考查，首先要确定从句是什么类型的从句，然后再分析关系词在从句中的成分，最后选择正确的词。要求考生具有一定的 句子 分析能力，和理解能力。如果缺少主宾表，要用that或which，缺少状语用关系副词when，where，why，缺少定语用whose。
易错点3 关系代词that和which的误用
只用which，不能用that的情况
(1) 在介词提前到关系代词之前形成"介词+关系代词"结构来修饰表事物的先行词时， 关系代词必须用which.如：
☞The house in which we live is very large. 我们住的房子非常大。
这就是老师正在谈及的那本参考书。
注意：如果介词不放在修饰事物的限定性定语从句的句首， which就可换为that， 如：
☞This is the question which/that we’ve had so much discussion about. =This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion. 这就是我们已经多次讨论过的问题。
(2) 先行词为"those+表事物的复数名词"时， 关系代词通常只用which而不用that。如：
☞Students should keep in mind those regulations which restrict their behavior.
学生应牢记那些规范自己的行为准则。
☞A bookshop should deal with a variety of those best sellers which are newly published.
书店应该经营新出版的各种畅销书。
(3)当先行词指物，关系词在句中作主语或宾语，引导非限制性定语从句的关系词只能用which，而不用that。
易错点4 介词后接关系代词的误用
●使用"介词+关系代词"要注意以下几点：
(一)选用介词的依据：
(1) 根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定 短语 )。
(2) 根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)。
(3) 根据句子的意思来选择。
(4) 表示"所有"关系或"整体中的一部分"时，通常用介词of。
(二)在定语从句中，含介词的短语动词不可拆开使用(短语拆开后含义发生变化)，如look after, look for等。
(三)"of which / whom"有时可以用"whose+名词"结构来改写。
(四)当先行词为way并且定语从句中缺少状语时，通常用in which或that引导定语从句(in which或that可省略);如果定语从句中不缺少状语，则用关系代词引导(that 或which 可省略)。
(五)in that不可以引导定语从句，但可以引导原因状语从句。
二、"介词+关系代词"与关系副词的转化
(1)当先行词表示地点，定语从句中缺少地点状语时，通常用关系副词where引导，此时也可选用表示地点的介词+which来代替关系副词where。
(2) 当先行词表示时间，定语从句中缺少时间状语时，通常用关系副词when引导，此时也可选用表示时间的介词+which来代替关系副词when。
(3) 当先行词为reason，定语从句中缺少表示原因状语时，通常用关系副词why引导，此时也可以用for which来代替关系副词why。
易错点5 定语从句与同位语从句的区别
定语从句与同位语从句的区别：
1. 被修饰的词不同：同位语从句的前面一般是数量有限的、表示抽象意义的名词;而定语从句的先行词是无数的指人或物名词。
2. 从句的作用不同：同位语从句表示同位名词的具体内容，而定语从句是对先行词的限制、描绘或说明。
3. 引导词不同：what, how, whether等不能用引导定语从句，但可用于引导同位从句。
4. 引导词的作用不同：引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分;而引导定语从句的that为关系代词，在从句中充当一定的句子成分。
5. 判定定语从句和同位语从句的 方法 ：由于同位语从句是用以说明被修饰名词的具体内容的，所它可以转换同位名词的表语;而定语从句则不能作这种转换。
易错点6 定语从句与强调句型的区别
定语从句对名词或代词的修饰和限制，关系词可能是that, which, as, who, but, 另一方面，句子中的It有所指;而强调句型是对某部分加强语气，强调语气的连接词只能是that, who，并且句子中的It 没有任何意义;一般比较明显，而有时就难以区别，还需要根据上下文的语境来判断。
它究竟是强调句型还是定语从句，就要从语境上来考查。如果它是用来回答What is this / that? 这样的问题，意思是：它是一本他想要的书。句子显然是定语从句。如果是用来回答What does he want? 这样的问题，那么意思是：他想要的是一本书。显然，句子是强调句型。
易错点7 关系代词as和which的区别
关系代词as和which引导定语从句的不同点
1. as可以放在主句前后，也可插入主句之中;而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于主句之后。
2. 在非限制性定语从句中，which后的be动词不可省;而as后的be动词可以省略。
3. which在非限制性定语从句中作主语时可用各类动词作谓语;而as作主语时，谓语常用系动词，如be，seem，become等，一般不用其他行为动词。
4. as常用"正如"含义，常用的结构有as we know(众所周知);as often happens(正如常发生的那样);as is often the case(情况常常如此);as we all can see(正如我们看到的);be announced / expected / known / imagined / mentioned / said / shown / reported等。这些结构常放句首，偶尔也可以放句中或句末。
5. 非限制性定语从句中，which可指代主句中的某一个单词，as不可以。
6. "介词+关系代词(介宾代物)"中关系代词只能用which。
7. 从句中的谓语动词是否定形式时，常用which。
一、关系代词和关系副词基本用法
根据关系词在定语从句中的不同用法，可分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词主要有who, whom, which, that, whose等，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语等;关系副词主要有when, where, why等，在定语从句中作状语。具体用法如下：
1.关系代词的用法
当先行词指人时，若它在从句中作主语，则用who;若它在从句作宾语，则用whom或who;若它在从句中作定语，则用whose。如：
☛The man who told me this refused to tell me his name. 告诉我这事的人不肯告诉我他的名字。
☛The woman whose umbrella you took is very angry about it. 你拿了那个女人的伞，她非常生气。
当先行词指物时，若在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用which;若它在定语从句中作定语用，则用of which或whose。如：
☛I saw something in the paper which might interest you. 我在报上看到一样可能使你感兴趣的东西。
☛He’s written a book the name of which (whose name) I’ve forgotten. 他写了一本书，书名我给忘了。
2.关系副词的用法
关系副词主要有when, where, why等，在定语从句中作状语，分别表示时间、在点和原因。when主要放在time, day, years, season, age, occasion等时间的名词后;where主要放在place, city, town, village, house等地点名词后;why则通常只放在reason后。如()：
☛Wednesday is the day when the shops are not open in the afternoon. 星期三下午商店不开门。
☛Give me one reason why we should help you. 给我举出一个我们应当帮助你的理由。
要特别注意，activity, case, point, even, situation, job, organization, position等抽象名词后接where引导定语从句的用法(这是近几年高考的一个新 热点 )。如：
☛I don’t want a job where I’m chained to a desk all day. 我不想找一份整天坐办公桌前的工作。
☛Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly. 今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。
☛The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point where he can walk correctly and safely. 治疗将会持续到病人可以正常且安全地行走。
☛If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation where you might lose it. 你如果拿重要的东西去冒险，那你就是将它置于一种可能会失去它的危险境地。
二、使用非限制性定语从句的情况：
1. 关系代词指代整个主句时，使用非限制性定语从句。
☛You did a lot for me, for which I was grateful. 你为我做了许多，对此我很感激。
☛The Diaoyu Island belongs to China, as is known to us. 众所周知，钓鱼岛属于中国。
☛A middle-aged woman killed her husband, which frightened me very much. 一个中年女子杀害了自己的丈夫,这令我十分恐惧。
2. 当先行词指的是世界上独一无二的事物或人名地名等专有名词时，使用非限制性定语从句。
☛China, which is my motherland, is developing fast. 中国是我的祖国，正在快速发展。
☛Eason, who was a pop star, got married last year. 伊森去年结婚了，他是明星。
☛Last Sunday they reached Nanjing , where a conference was to be held. 他们上周日到达南京，有个会议要在那里举行。
3. 当先行词指的是某人只有一个亲属(son，daughter等)时，使用非限制性定语从句。
☛He has a daughter, who is studying in London. 他有个女儿，现在正在伦敦学习。(只有一个女儿)
☛This is my teacher, who has something to tell you. 这是我的老师，他有一些事情要告诉你。
三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
1. 形式不同
限制性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，口语中使用时也不停顿;而非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开，口语中使用时有停顿。
2. 功能不同
限制性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意不完整或概念不清;而非限制性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。
☛People who take physical exercise live longer. 进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义)
☛His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。(若把从句去掉，句子意义仍然完整)
3. 翻译不同
在翻译定语从句时，一般把限制性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前，而把非限制性定语从句与主句分开。
☛He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽车被窃的那个人。
☛I’ve invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。
4. 含义不同
比较下面的两个句子：
☛I have a sister who is a doctor. 我有一个医生的姐姐。(姐姐不止一个)
☛I have a sister, who is a doctor. 我有一个姐姐，她是当医生的。(只有一个姐姐)
5. 先行词不同
限制性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词则可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或句子;另外，当先行词为专有名词或其他具有独一无二性的普通名词时，通常要用非限制性定语从句，而不用限制性定语从句。
☛Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得开车很快，这是很危险的。(which指drive too fast)
☛He changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改变了主意，这使我很生气。(which指整个主句)
☛Mr. Smith, who is our boss, will leave for Japan next week. 我们的老板史密斯先生下周要去日本。(先行词为专有名词，要用非限制性定语从句修饰)
☛Her father, who has a lot of money, wishes her to study abroad. 她父亲很有钱，希望她 出国 学习。(先行词为表独一无二意义的普通名词，要用非限制性定语从句修饰)
6. 关系词不同
关系词that和why可用于限制性定语从句中，通常不用于非限制性定语从句;另外，在限制性定语从句中，关系词有时可以省略，而在非限制性定语从句中关系词一律不能省略。
四、"介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句：
●"介词+关系代词"的用法
当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，我们通常用"介词+关系代词"引导定语从句。如果指"人"，用"介词+whom";如果指"物"，用"介词+which"。
●"介词+关系代词"结构中介词的选用
1.一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：①先行词的意义;②从句中的动词或形容词与先行词的固定搭配;③句子的意思。
☞I’ll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.
我永远不会忘记孩童时代我在乡村度过的时光。
2.表示"整体和部分关系"，介词常用of。在some，any，few，none，all，both，neither，most，each等代词或数词的前、后可以用of which/whom。
☞John invited about 40 people to his wedding，most of whom are family members.
约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼，他们当中绝大部分是家庭成员。
3.有时"介词+where"可以引导定语从句，此时要和"介词+which"引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。
☞His head soon appeared out of the window，from where he saw nothing but trees.
他的头很快从窗口探了出来，从那里除了树木他什么也看不到。(from where相当于from out of the window，而不是from the window)
●在定语从句中，含介词的短语动词不可拆开使用(短语拆开后含义发生变化)，如look after, look for等。
●"of which / whom"有时可以用"whose+名词"结构来改写。
●当先行词为way并且定语从句中缺少状语时，通常用in which或that引导定语从句(in which或that可省略);如果定语从句中不缺少状语，则用关系代词引导(that 或which 可省略)。
五、关系代词只用that而不用 which的情况
1.先行词是all，something，everything，anything，nothing，little，much，few等不定代词或先行词被all，any，every，no，little，much，some等词修饰。
☞All the people that come from the country work much harder.
所有来自农村的人工作都更努力得多。
2.先行词被序数词、 形容词最高级、 the only， the very， the last等修饰时， 关系代词通常只用that， 不用which.如：
☞The first English novel that I read was Cities.
我读的第一本英文小说是《城市》。
☞This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.
这是我见过的最激动人心的 足球 比赛之一。
☞This is the only thing that we can do now.
这是我们现在惟一能做的事情。
3.先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词只用that，不用which.如：
☞The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all.
我们所有人都钦佩你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就。
☞The foreign visitors spoke highly of the pioneers and their performances that they saw at the Children’s Palace.
外国游客高度赞扬了他们在少年宫所看到的少先队员以及他们的表演。
4.关系代词在限定性定语从句中作表语并带有类比含义时，通常只用that，不用which.如：
☞He is no longer the star that he was.
他不再是过去的那位明星了。
☞Our school is no longer the school that it used to be.
我们的学校不再是以前的那所学校了。
5.句中其他位置已出现which，为避免重复，不用which而用that引导限定性定语从句。如：
☞Which is the car that has overtaken us?超过我们的是哪辆车?
【篇一】高考英语定语从句知识点
概念引入
欣赏含有定语从句的名言：
Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face.
笑是太阳，它从人们的脸上赶走冬天。
Don’t trust the first sign that you see.
不要相信你看见的第一个迹象。
All is not gold that glitters.
发光的未必都是金子。
Nothing is impossible to the man who has will.
世上无难事，只怕有心人。
God helps those who help themselves.
自助者天助。
【篇二】高考英语定语从句知识点
一、定语从句的功用和结构
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词，定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。
This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.
这是他给我的生日礼物。
Do you know everybody who came to the party?
你认识来宴会的每一位吗？
This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.
这是毛主席曾经居住的地方。
二、各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法
1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
I prefer singers who can write their own lyrics.
我更喜欢能写自己歌词的歌唱家。
These are musicians who make us happy.
这些是能让我们高兴的音乐家。
People who eat a balanced diet are healthier.
平衡饮食的人是健康的。
2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。
Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate？
你认识我们在门口遇到的那个年轻人吗？
Mr. Lee (whom) you want to see has come.
你想见的李先生已经来了。
3. whose 指人，在定语从句中作定语。
The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.
她妈妈病了的那个女孩今天呆在家。
I know the boy whose father is a professor.
我认识他的父亲是教授的那个男孩。
4. which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。
A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.
字典是给单词释义的一本书。
Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.
这是老师昨天提到的那本书。
5. that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
I prefer music that has great lyrics. 我喜欢具有优美歌词的音乐。
Carmen likes music that’s loud. Carmen喜欢大声的音乐。
I like music that I can dance to. 我喜欢能伴舞的音乐。
6. when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语。
I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.
我从来不会忘记我们工作在农场的那个时光。
He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.
在我离开的那天他到的北京。
7. where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语。
This is the house where we lived last year.
这是我们去年居住的那个房子。
The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.
他的父亲工作的工厂是在城市的东边。
三、关系代词和关系副词的功用
关系代词和关系副词用来引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分，关系代词可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词可作状语。
1. 作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词一致。
I don’t like people who talk much but do little.
我不喜欢说话多做事少的人。
The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.
在湖北省生产的汽车销量好。
2. 作宾语
She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.
她是我昨天在校门口遇到的那个人。
The book that my grandmother gave me is called The Great Escape.
我奶奶给我的那本书叫做《胜利大逃亡》。
3. 作定语：关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语。
What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor?
他的妹妹是医生的那个年轻男士叫什么名字？
The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.
她的父亲是一位老师的那个女孩学习非常努力。
4. 作状语
I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.
我从来不会忘记我第一次来北京的那天。
This is the house where I was born.
这是我出生的那个房子。
四、具体使用时还要注意下列问题：
1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情况：
1）先行词被序数词或形容词级所修饰，或本身是序数词、形容词级时，只能用that，而不用which。
He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。
2）被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which。
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？在商店里你有什么东西要买吗？
3）先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last，little，few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which。
This is the same bike that I lost. 这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
4）先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that， 而不用which.
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
5）以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.
Who is the girl that is crying？正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？
6）主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
2. 只能用which，不用that的情况：
1）先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that.
What’s that which is under the desk？在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？
2）关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.
This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。
3）引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that.
Tom came back，which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。
3. 关系代词 whom，which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放在先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 或 which 放先行词后，而将介词置于定语从句的后面。
That was the room in which we had lived for ten years.
= That was the room which we had lived in for ten years.
那是我们居住了十年的房子。
【篇三】高考英语定语从句知识点
I. 用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句。
1. The boy is my younger brother. He was here a minute ago.
___________________________________________
2. The old man is a professor. He teaches chemistry in a college.
_____________________________________________
3. Beijing Hotel is near Tian An Men Square. The foreign visitors live there.
_____________________________________________
4. The woman is here now. You were talking about her just now.
_____________________________________________
5. This is the hall. We listened to the report in it the other day.
_____________________________________________
6. The car was going 90 miles an hour. The car just passed us.
_____________________________________________
7. The man waved to us. The man was my uncle.
_____________________________________________
8. I enjoyed reading the book. You gave me a book last week.
_____________________________________________
9. I prefer the subject. The subject is science.
_____________________________________________
10. I spoke to the man. The man is a singer.
_____________________________________________
II. 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空。
1. The house _______ we live in is very big.
2. The boy ______ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.
3. This is the present _______ he gave me for my birthday.
4. The man _______ talked to you just now is an engineer.
5. He talked about the teachers and schools _______ he had visited.
6. There is nothing in the world _______ can frighten him.
7. She wears a gold ring, _______ is very uncommon in our class.
8. We visited a factory _______ makes toys for children.
9. Is this the place _______ your father once lived?
10. I’ll never forget the days _______ I joined the League.
III. 单项填空。
1. —Who is the man _______ was talking to our English teacher?
—Oh! It’s Mr. Baker, our maths teacher.
A. he B. that C. whom D. which
2. I hate the people ________ don’t help others when they are in trouble.
A. who B. which C. they D. where
3. This is the place ______ I have ever visited.
A. there B. when C. where D. which
4. The moon is a world ______ there is no life.
A. that B. which C. where D. why
5. Watch carefully everything _____ the teacher will do.
A. that B. which C. what D. who
6．I love the place ____ the weather is always cool.
A. that B. where C. why D. which
7. The man and the dog ____ were hurt in the accident were sent to the hospital.
A. which B. who C. that D. whom
8．The reason ____ I was late for the class was my oversleeping.
A. why B. which C. that D. when
9. Jane is one of the students in the class ______have ever been to China.
A. who B. whose C. which D. whom
10. He lived in a small village, ______ was a long way from the railway station.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
【真题链接】
1. The womanis the most important in my life is my mother.
A. which B. who C. whom D. what
2. People ______ overweight need more water than thin people.
A．who is B．which are C．that is D．who are
3. After Mandela was free (自由的) in 1990, he chose to shake hands with the people ________ wanted to kill him.
A. whose B. which C. / D. who
4. He likes low-carbon life. He lives in the house ________ he built himself out of trash.
A. where B. what C. which D. in which
参考答案
I. 用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句。
1. The boy who/that was here a minute ago is my younger brother.
2. The old man who/that teaches chemistry in a college is a professor.
3. Beijing Hotel where the foreign visitors live is near Tian An Men Square.
4. The woman (who/whom/that) you were talking about just now is here now.
5. This is the hall where we listened to the report the other day.
6. The car which/that just passed us was going 90 miles an hour.
7. The man who/that waved to us was my uncle.
8. I enjoyed reading the book (that/which) you gave me last week.
9. The subject (which/that) I prefer is science.
10. The man (who/whom/that) I spoke to is a singer.
II. 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空。
1. that/ which 2. who/ that
3. that/ which 4. who/ that
5. that 6. that 7. which
8. which/ that 9. where 10. when
III. 单项填空。
1. B 句子的先行词是the man，所以that引导，且that在定语从句中作主语。
句子的先行词是the people，所以用who引导，且who在定语从句中作主语。
本句先行词是物，关系代词在定语从句中作visit的宾语，所以选D。
本句先行词是表示地名的world，且关系副词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以选C。
本句是考查定语从句的引导词。由于先行词是不定代词，它的引导词只能是that。
本句是考查定语从句的引导词。由于先行词是表示地点名词，所以它的引导词应该用where，且引导词在定语从句中作地点状语。
本句的先行词既有人也有物，所以引导词只能用that，that在定语从句中作主语。
本句的先行词是表示原因的名词，所以引导词用关系副词why。
考查关系代词的用法。此句是定语从句，先行词是students，且在定语从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who。
10. B 本句属于非限制性定语从句，所以用which引导，且which在从句中作主语。
【真题链接】
1. B。此题考查定语从句，先行词是人，引导词用who，在定语从句作主语，故选B。
2. D。句意：超重的人需要的水比瘦的人多。定语从句的先行词是people，且关系词在从句中作主语，故答案为D项。
3. D。句意：在曼德拉1990获得自由后，他选择了与想杀他的人握手。先行词指人且在定语从句中作主语，故选who。
4. C。本句意为：他喜欢低碳生活，他在垃圾之外建立了自己的房子。本题考查which的用法，which在后置的定语从句中代替上文出现的事物或情况。
初中英语各大从句总结完整版
根据从句语法功能的不同可分为：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句6类。
1、主语从句
主语从句就是作主语的从句。它的连接词有连词、连接副词、连词代词。主语从句放在句首时，句子显得很笨重，因此常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语后置，比如：
It is a pity that you have missed such a wonderful concert.
真遗憾你错过了这么精彩的一场音乐会。
2、表语从句
表语从句就是作表语的从句。它的连接词有连词、连接副词、连词代词等。
比如：
My idea is that we meet at the bus stop.
我的想法是我们在公共汽车站会面。
3、宾语从句
宾语从句就是作宾语的从句。它的连接词有连词、连接副词、连词代词等。
比如：
She said that she would drop maths.
她说她要放弃数学。
4、同位语从句
同位语从句就是作同位语的从句，它的连接词有连词、连接副词等。
The fact that everyone loves beauty is common sense.
人人爱美是常识。
5、定语从句
定语从句就是作定语的从句。定语从句主要修饰、限定、描绘名词，有时修饰代词，放所修饰词后边。
比如：
The girl who wears a new dress is my daughter.
那个穿新衣服的女孩是我的女儿。
6、状语从句
状语从句就是作状语的从句。在复合句中修饰主句中的谓语动词、形容词或副词，起状语作用的从句叫作状语从句。
比如：
Soon after he jumps his parachute will open.
他跳伞之后，降落伞就会打开。
前人总结的多细,你还不满意?
从句 1、主语从句 引导词有：that,what,whether,when,wherever,who 等,主语从句的谓语动词必须用单数. 举例： 1) That he will fall the exam is certain. 2) What she said is true. 3) It doesn't matter when she leaves. 4) Whoever is tired may rest. 2、表语从句 一般位于系动词之后. 举例： The question is that I also like her. 3、宾语从句 句型：主句 + 连词 + 宾语从句 连接宾语从句的词有：that,if,whether,who,whose,what,which,where,when,why,how,whoever,whomever,whenever,wherever 等》 举例： 1) He said that he was the first to clamb to the top of the mountain. 2) I wonder if / whether you could lend me tour bike. 3) Parents shouldn't give their children whatever they want. 4) She doesn't know who will come. 5) He asked if / whether she had an apartment in the city. 6) Who do you think they will travel with? 4、状语从句 （1）时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的连词有：when,whenever,as,while,before,after,until,till,since,ever,as soon asimmediately,directly,hardly,hardly ...when 等. 举例： 1) When I was in Shanghai,I met her. 2) Please wait until you are called. （2）地点状语从句 常由 where 何 wherever 引导. 举例： He lives where the street crosses the river. （3）原因状语从句 常由 as,because,since,now that,seeing that 等引导,其中语气最强烈的就是 because. 举例： He has to leave off because he is seriously ill. （4）条件状语从句 常由 if,unless,as long as,so long as 等引导. 举例： If you can correct your faults,your work is good. （5）目的状语从句 常由 so that,in order to 等引导. 举例： Speak loudly so that every one may hear you clearly. （6）比较状语从句 常由 than,as,as ...as 等引导. 举例： I have got as much money as I need. （7）让步状语从句 常由 though / although,even though,as,if,even if 和 wh- + -ever 复合词引导. 举例： Although I tried my best to learn English,I haven't passed the exam. （8）方式状语从句 常由 as,as if,as though,how 等引导. 举例： She looks as if she is still young. （9）结果状语从句 常由 that,so / such that 等引导. 举例： She is such a good teacher that all the students love and respect her. 5、定语从句 结构： .先行词（被修饰的名词或代词） + 关系代词 / 关系副词 + . 一般来说,修饰人用 who,whom,whose,that；修饰物用 that / which. 举例： 1) The road which through our school is very wide. 2) This is the school where my brother studies 3) Is there anything that you don't understand?.
一 名词性从句: 1. 主要包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句. 一般由that 引起,也可由who, what, when, why, which, whom, whether, how 引起. 2. 主语从句很多情况下都可以放到句子后面,而用代词it作形式上的主语. : 3. 形式宾语 4. 由名词性关系代词whatever, whoever, whichever 等引起的宾语从句 5. whether and if 都能引导从句, 但用法有所不同. 当主语从句直接位于句首时,应用whether,而不用if. Whether 后能直接or not, 但if 不能. Whether he will come or not is not known. 6. 在名词reason后的表语从句必须用that引导, 不可误用 because. The reason why he is often late for class is that he has the bad habit of getting up late in the morning. 二: 定语从句 1. 引导定语从句的关系词有who, whom, whose, that, when, where, why and which. 在非限制定语从句中, 只可用which, who, whose, where , when., 如果指代前面整个句子, 多用which. 2. 当引导定语从句的先行词前有all, any, no, little, much, very first 等词, 或先行词前为形容词最高级所修饰时,或先行词为all, anything, nothing, something, everything 时,从句的引导词只能用that. 3. as 可做引导词引导定语从句, 多和such, the same 连用. As 引导的定语从句也可修饰整个句子, 既可放在先行词后,也可放在句子开头. 4. 介词+which/whom/whose从句 5. 代/名+介词+which 从句 6. 同位语从句和定语从句 三 状语从句: 修饰主句中的动词, 形容词和副词, 通常有从属连词引导, 按其意义和作用可分为时间, 地点, 条件, 原因, 让步, 目的, 结果, 方式, 比较.等 1. 时间状语从句: 1) 常见连词有 after, as, before, once, since, till, (not)until, when, whenever(no matter when), while, as long as, as soon as etc. 2) no sooner…than, hardly(scarcely, barely)…when: 刚做…就…. 3) 还有 immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, the second, every time etc 2. 地点状语从句: 一般用where or wherever 引导 3. 条件状语从句:真实条件从句:if, unless, so long as, provided that, supposing that, on condition that, in the event that, in case that etc 4. 原因状语从句: 从属连词有because, as ,since, for, now, that, in that, seeing that, considering that(鉴于,由于) 5. 让步状语从句: 1): even if, though, even though, while(尽管) no matter what/how/which, however, whatever, whichever, however etc. 2) 由as 引起的让步从句, 语气较强烈,被强调的词须放在句首. 3) whether…or,不管…或… 6. 结果状语从句: so that, so…that, such…that 7. 目的状语从句: so that, in order that, for fear that, lest, in case 8. 方式状语从句: as, just as, as if: 如同…一样 9. 比较状语从句: 1) as…as, not so/as…as 2) 比较级+than, so much/a lot more than 3) no more…than, not more…than, less…than 4) the more…the more
高中英语完整版
The salmon we ate at the restaurant yesterday is terrific.l'd like to have it again even if it costs__B_.A.much more twice B.twice as much C.as much twice D.as twice much谬题句，先就题而答：本题句用了倍数表达法及省略。说A是B的两倍的长(宽、高等等）的一种表达法是：A is twice as long as B. 说A的价是B的两倍则为：A costs twice as much as B.在有上文的情况下，如：B costs 30 yuan ，则下句中可以省略：A costs twice as much.总之，要知道其倍数表示的结构是：twice (three times/ four times...)+ as +形容词（/副词）原级+as +比较对象。可知，BCD中只有B是正确的词序！下面评题句，供老师及有机会出题、编题者看的，也语法爱好者讨论：我一开始就感觉题句意境较长，将其定位在谬题句类，因为第二中用了it来指代我们昨天在餐馆里吃掉了的【那条鲑鱼】，这就不符合逻辑了！吃掉了的东西还能再吃一次？不能考学生的一个语言点，又给学生一个错误的题句，这是在误人子弟！其次这个省略也有点突兀，没有上下文，不知道这个鱼价是跟那一个在比较。是别的餐馆还是平时的价格的两倍还是和自己买来烧的成本比呢？看了后面的男爵的理解，好象还有一种情况：是指下一次会调价，即使是下一次这道菜价翻倍，我也想再吃一次（注意是这道菜，不是那条鱼！），那要用虚拟语气了，生活中不太会出现这样的情况：一道菜，因为太好吃了，过几天，价格会翻倍！当然男爵的理解，不是将来的价和昨天的价比，而是售价和成本比！这要看成本怎么算了，这是销售的问题。餐馆的菜价的制定，不可能是按成本价来定的。员工的工资、水电气、房租等等都要算入成本的，还有利润也包括在在价格中的。所以我认为这个题句后一部分不完整，不应省略。再来看A选项， 如果没有最后的那个twice, A可选。如果用比较级，则为A costs twice more than B.
高中必背3500英语单词（因篇幅问题，完整版点击参考资料可获得）：
absence 缺席，不在场，缺乏
absorbv 吸收，使专心
abstract 抽象的，摘要
academic 学院的，学术的
access 接近，通道，入口
accordingly 因此，依照
account 记述，解释，账目
accurate 准确的，正确无误的
accuse 指责，归咎于
actor 男演员
actress 女演员
actual 实际的，现行的
adapt 使适应，改编
admire 钦佩，羡慕，赞赏
admit 承认，准许…进入
adopt 收养，采用，采取
adult 成年人，成年的
advance 前进，提高；进展
adventure 冒险，惊险活动
affair 事情，事件，事务
affect 影响，感动
afterward(s) 后来，以后，随后
agent 代理人，代理商
agriculture 农业，农艺，农学
ahead 在前，向前，提前
aid 帮助，救护，助手
aim 瞄准，针对，致力
aircraft 飞机，飞行器
alarm 惊恐，忧虑，警报
album 集邮本，照相簿，唱片
alcohol 酒精，乙醇
altogether 完全，总而言之
amaze 使惊奇，使惊愕
ambition 雄心，抱负，野心
amount 总数，数量，和
amuse 逗…乐，给…娱乐
analyze 分析，分解，解析
ancestor 祖宗，祖先
anger 怒，愤怒；使发怒
angle 角，角度
anniversary 周年纪念日
announce 宣布，发表
annoy 使恼怒，打搅
anxious 忧虑的，渴望的
anyhow 无论如何
apart 相隔，分开，除去
apartment 一套公寓房间
apologize 道歉，谢罪，认错
appearance 出现，来到，外观
apply 应用，实施，使用
appointment 任命，约定，约会
appreciate 欣赏，领会，感谢
approach 向…靠近；靠近
architecture 建筑学，建筑式样
argue 争论，争辩，辩论
arrange 筹备，整理，调解
arrest 逮捕，拘留
arrival 到达，到达者
artist 艺术家，美术家
ash 灰，灰末，骨灰
ashamed 惭愧(的)，羞耻(的)
aside 在旁边，到旁边
aspect 方面，样子，外表
assistant 助手，助教
assume 假定，承担，呈现
astonish 使惊讶，使吃惊
athlete 运动员
atmosphere 大气，气氛
attach 缚，系，贴，附加
attackvt 攻击，进攻
attempt 尝试，试图；企图
attend 出席，照顾，护理
attitude 态度，看法，姿势
attract 吸引，诱惑
audience 听众，观众
available 可利用的，通用的
average 平均数；平均的
award 奖，奖品，判定
aware 知道的，意识到的
awful 令人不愉快的
以上内容参考 百度百科——高中英语必背3500单词表(完整版)
