摘要：
初中英语现在完成时教案八年级下册英语第七单元教案3篇英语老师要继续加强对教材的钻研，学习先进的教学方法，让学生取得更大进步。在英语教学中，写一篇初二八年级英语教案对所有初二... 初中英语现在完成时教案
八年级下册英语第七单元教案3篇
英语老师要继续加强对教材的钻研，学习先进的教学方法，让学生取得更大进步。在英语教学中，写一篇初二八年级英语教案对所有初二八年级英语老师来说是非常重要的。你是否在找正准备撰写“八年级下册英语第七单元教案”，下面我收集了相关的素材，供大家写文参考！
教学目标
一、知识与技能
1. 掌握重点词汇和短语。
2. 培养学生的阅读能力及技巧。
3. 复习、运用过去进行时。
二、过程与方法
训练法，熟能生巧法，通过练习巩固复习所学知识。
三、情感态度与价值观
培养学生在灾害面前要更团结，更友善，更懂得互相帮助。
教学重点
1. 掌握重点词汇和短语。
2. 复习、运用过去进行时。
教学难点
1. 培养学生的阅读能力及技巧。
2. when和while的区别。
教法导航
教师引导，学生自主探究，小组合作。
学法导航
自主探究与小组合作相结合。
教学准备
多媒体。
教学过程
Step 1 Greetings
Greet the students as usual.
Step 2 Revision
Ask students to talk about what they were doing last night in groups of four then give a report.
Step 3 Presentation
Ask the students to look at the picture and think about what has happened.
Step 4 Reading
3a, Read the passage quickly and answer the following questions
1. What was the weather like before the heavy rain started?
2. What was the neighborhood like after the storm?
Ask some students to report their answers.
3b, Read the passage again and complete the sentences using information from the passage.
1. When the news on TV was reported，strong winds _____________ outside.
2. While Ben’s mom was making sure the radio was working，his dad _____________.
3. Ben _____________________ when the heavy rain finally started.
4. When Ben _______________at 3：00 .，the wind _________________.
Ask some students to report their answers.
Step 5 Speaking
3c, Discuss the questions with a partner.
“Although the storm broke many things apart，it brought families and neighbors closer together.”What other can bring people closer together? How can we help each other in times of difficulty?
Ask some students to report their answers.
Step 6 Language points
1. With no light outside，it felt like midnight.
此句中介词with表示一种伴随状况，同时还包含着某种因果关系，表示“因某种状况的存在而导致…”，因此可翻译成“由于;因为”等。
. I can’t work with all that noise going on.
由于那噪音响着，我无法工作。
2. Ben’s dad… while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working.
1) 此句中的连词while的意思是“当…的时候;和…同时”，while还可以表示“而;然而;但”之意，用来说明和强调两种事情或情形不同。
. Tom is active and outgoing while his sister Rosa is shy and quiet.
汤姆活跃外向，而他的妹妹罗莎却害羞腼腆。
2) make sure“确认，查明，核实;确保;设法保证”，其后可接句子，或接介词of及宾语，用来引入需要确认的内容。
. Make sure you turn off the TV before you leave the house.
在你离开屋子前确认关闭了电视。
3) 此句中的work表示机器，器官等“运作，运转”，这是动词work的一种基本用法。
3. It was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside.
It is adj.+ to do sth. 做…怎么样。
It is adj. for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做…怎么样。
. It is important for us to learn English. 对我们来说学英语很重要。
活学活用：
1) 在街上踢球很危险。 It is _______________ soccer on the street.
2) 每天早上读书对你来说很有必要。It is ________ for you _______ in the morning.
3) 对他来说完成作业很容易 It is ____ for him __________________.
Step 7 Grammar Focus
Read and translate the sentences and try to conclude the grammar in the sentences.
1. What were you doing at eight last night? I was taking a shower.
2. What was she doing at the time of the rainstorm? She was doing her homework.
3. What was he doing when the rainstorm came?
He was reading in the library when the rainstorm came.
4. What was Ben doing when it began to rain heavily?
When it began to rain，Ben was helping his mom make dinner.
5. What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping?
While Linda was sleeping，Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.
Ask some students to report their opinions.
过去进行时
1. 基本概念：过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或一段时间内正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外，一般用时间状语来表示。
2. 结构：was / were ( not ) + 动词-ing
3. 一般过去时与过去进行时用法的比较：一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状态，而过去进行时则表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。
. 1) David wrote a letter to his friend last night.
大卫昨晚给他的朋友写了封信。(信写完了。)
2) David was writing a letter to his friend last night.
大卫昨晚一直在给他的朋友写信。(信不一定写完。)
Step 8 Practice
4a, Look at the table and write sentences with both while and when.
Ask some students to report their sentences and explain the difference between while and when.
4b, Fill in the blanks with was，were，when or while. After several minutes，ask some students to report their answers.
Step 9 Pair work
4c, What were you doing at these times last Sunday? Fill in the chart. Then ask your partner. Then ask some pairs to report their answers.
Step 10 Homework
After class，please make some dialogues with the phrases and sentences in 4c.
课堂作业
I. 根据汉语意思完成下列英语句子，每空格一词。
1. 昨天下午五点钟你哥哥在做什么?
What ________ your brother ________ at five yesterday afternoon?
2. 昨天我回到家时，我妈妈在洗衣服。
My mother _____ ________ clothes ________ I ________ home yesterday.
3. 你做作业时，你妹妹在干什么?
What _______ your sister _______ _______ you _______ _______ your homework?
II. 翻译短语
1. 感觉像 2. 首先，起初 3. 入睡 4. 减弱 5. 确定 6. 醒来 7. 一团糟
8. 打扫 9. 互相帮助 10. 在困难的时候
参考答案：I. 1. was，doing 2. was washing when got 3. was doing when were doing
II. 1. feel like 2. at first 3. fall asleep 4. die down 5. make sure 6. wake up 7. in a mess 8. clean up 9. help each other 10. in times of difficulty
教学反思
让学生根据例句自己总结语法规则，他们兴趣高，能积极动手查阅资料，主动进行小组交流合作，学习效果好。
教学目标
一、知识与技能
1.学习并掌握现在完成时的用法，学习有关音乐的词汇。
2.阅读短文获得正确信息的能力。
3.能够通过彼此交流了解歌曲、歌手、乐队的信息并能作评论。能够运用阅读策略来获得文章大意。
4. 掌握现在完成时的用法，学习有关音乐的词汇。
5. 培养学生的听力能力。
二、过程与方法
阅读，感受，模仿，实践。
三、情感态度与价值观
激发学生对音乐的热爱。
教学重点
1.学习并掌握现在完成时的用法，学习有关音乐的词汇。
2.阅读短文获得正确信息的能力。
教学难点
能够运用阅读策略来获得文章大意，从而提高阅读效率。
教法导航
激励学生认真阅读，认真思考。
学法导航
通过阅读，模仿学习新知识。
教学准备
图片，多媒体。
教学过程
Step 1 Greetings
Greet the students as usual.
Step 2 Warming up
Show some pictures about singers and musicians. Ask and answer：
Who is your favorite singer or musician? Why do you like him or her?
Step 3 New words
Learn the new words：pop，rock，band.
The students read the words one by one. Then they have a dictation.
Step 4 Listening
The students go through the sentences in 1b.
1b, Listen to a conversation between Alex and Dave. Write A for Alex and D for Dave next to each opinion.
____ The Toms must be popular.
____ The Toms play pop music.
____ The Toms’ music sounds more like rock.
____ Listening to The Toms is a good way to wake up.
1c, Listen again. Take notes.
Listen for a third time and check the answers.
Step 5 Speaking
1d, Ask your friends and parents what kind of music they listen to and why. How does the music make them feel?
Ask the students to make a conversation like：
A：What kind of music do you listen to?
B：I listen to pop music.
A：Why do you listen to it?
B：I like it because….
A：How does the music make them feel?
B：It makes me relaxed.
Step 6 Discussion & Reading
2a, Discuss the questions with a partner.
you have a favorite singer or band?
2. Do you have a favorite song?
3. What facts do you know about your favorite singer，band or song?
Reading guidance:
1. Read the passage and make notes or underline the main idea of the text.
2. After reading，write a short summary in your own words.
在讨论的过程中，教授新单词。
Step 7 Reading tasks
Read the passage and complete the fact sheet.
Country Music Fact Sheet.
Where it is from：___________________
What kind of music it is：_____________
A famous country music place in Nashville：_______________
A famous country music singer：____________
The number of records he has sold：_____________
2c Read the passage again and underline the main ideas. Then use the underlined text to write short answers to the questions below.
First paragraph：
Who is Sarah? Where is she from? What does she like?
Second paragraph：
What is country music? What is country music about?
Third paragraph：
What is Sarah’s dream? Who is Garth Brooks?
Step 8 Writing
2d, Use the notes you made in 2c to write a short summary of the passage. Write no more than 100 words.
示例：
Sarah is an American girl. She likes country music. She is a fan of country music. Country music is a traditional music from the southern states of America. Many songs are about modern life in the US，such as the importance of money and success. Sarah’s dream is to go to Nashville because Garth Brooks is there. She likes to listen to his songs. Garth is one of the most successful musicians in American history.
课堂作业
1. Ask the students to write the following phrases and words.
used to过去常常 fight over争吵 return home回家
on the radio在收音机上 make sb. do sth.使某人做某事 think about考虑
come to realize逐渐认识到 ever since自从…以来
the home of…的家 such as例如 belong to属于
be kind to sb.对某人友好 trust one another互相信任 remind sb. that…使某人想起
have been to去过 do research on研究 hope to do sth. 希望做某事
2. 单选题
1. ---Where is John?
---He ______ the science lab.
A. has gone to B. has been to C. went to
2. ---Where is my sister， mum?
---She ___ to the library. She will be back soon.
A. has been B. is going C. has gone D. will go
3. ---May I speak to Lin Tao?
---Sorry，he is not in.
---He ______ to Changsha.
A. has been B. has gone C. went
参考答案：1. A 2. C 3. B
教学反思
教师一定要想办法使阅读课变得生动有趣，并且教授给学生一定的阅读策略。另外，掌握住“practice makes perfect”的原则，使学生在训练中逐步掌握本课的重点。
教学目标
一、知识与技能
1. 掌握重点词汇和短语。
2. 通过听力训练来掌握提高学生们综合听说能力。
3. 通过阅读训练来让学生们逐步提高英语阅读能力。
二、过程与方法
上网查阅相关资料，反复听力，操练对话。
三、情感态度与价值观
能用一般过去时和过去进行时叙述过去的事，特别是重大突发事件。
教学重点
通过阅读训练来让学生们逐步提高英语阅读能力。
教学难点
阅读训练，来培养学生们的综合阅读能力。
教法导航
听、说、读、写四项基本技能相结合。引导学生进行泛读和精读。
学法导航
通过多种形式的运用，培养各种能力。
教学准备
图片，多媒体。
教学过程
Step 1 Greetings
Greet the students as usual.
Step 2 Revision
Ask some students to report their dialogues.
Step 3 Presentation
1a, Think of a time when you were late for or couldn’t go to an event. What was the event? What was the reason why you were late or couldn’t go? Tell your partner the story. Then ask some students to tell their stories.
Step 4 Listening
What happened to the girl? Let’s listen.
1b, Listen and write short answers to the questions.
1. What event happened at the school yesterday?
2. Who missed the event?
3. Which team won at the event?
Play the recording at least twice and give the students enough time to write down their answers. Then ask some students to report their answers.
1c, Listen again. Number the events [1-6] in the order they happened.
____ Kate saw a dog by the side of the road.
____ Kate got to the bus stop.
____ Kate called the Animal Helpline.
1 Kate left the house.
____ Kate waited for someone to walk by.
____ Kate realized her bag was still at home.
Ask some students to report their answers.
Step 5 Speaking
1d, Talk about why Kate missed the school basketball competition. Student A begins a sentence with while or when. Student B completes the sentence.
A：When she got to the bus stop，Kate …
B：When she got to the bus stop，Kate realized that her bag was still at home.
A：While she was running back home， …
B：While she was running back home，she saw a dog by the side of the road.
Encourage the students to make up as many dialogues as possible.
Step 6 Presentation
2a, Look at the pictures and the title in the passage. What do you think the passage is about?
Remind the students to talk about it in pairs. Then ask some students to report their answers.
Step 7 Reading
2b, Read the passage and answer the questions:
1. What are the two events in the passage?
2. When did they happen?
Ask some students to report their answers.
2c Read the passage again. Are the following statements true (T) or false (F)，or is the information not given (NG)?
___ 1. Everyone in America remembers who killed Dr. King.
___ 2. Robert Allen was eating lunch when Dr. King was killed.
___ 3. Robert’s parents were shocked to hear the news.
___ 4. Kate Smith was watching a movie when a plane hit the World Trade Center.
___ 5. Kate didn’t think her friend was telling the truth about the event.
Ask some students to report their answers.
2d Underline sentences from the passage with similar meanings to the ones below.
1. Not everyone will remember who killed him，but they can remember what they were doing when they heard that he got killed.
2. No one said anything for the rest of dinner.
3. September 11，2001—— the date alone means something to most people in the US.
4. I had trouble thinking clearly after that because I was very afraid.
Ask the students to read the passage carefully and try to find out the answers.
Step 8 Language points
parents did not talk after that，and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence.
in silence 沉默，无声
. Many patients were waiting in silence. 许多病人在静静地等候着。
2. I didn’t believe him at first.
at first “起初，首先”，作为介词短语，只起副词作用(在句中用作状语)。 at first主要用于强调前后对照，暗示接下去的动作与前面的动作不同甚至相反，因此常有 but， afterwards，soon，at last等相呼应。
. At first I didn’t want to go，but soon I changed my mind.
我开始不想去，但我很快就改变了主意。
Step 9 Pair work
2e, How much do you remember about the events in the passage? Test your partner.
A：When did Dr. Martin Luther King die?
B：He died on …
Ask some pairs to practice the dialogue.
Step 10 Homework
1. Remember the words and phrases in this lesson.
2. Finish the exercises in the workbook.
课堂作业
Translate the phrases.
1. 在历史上 2. 默默地 3. 首先 4. 讲实话 5. 做……感到吃惊 6. 做某事有麻烦 7. 如此……以致……
参考答案：1. in history 2. in silence 3. at first 4. tell the truth 5. be shocked to do sth. 6. have trouble doing sth. 7. so … that…
教学反思
2b部分课本上已经设计了很多阅读理解活动，但如果能再加一个写的活动更好。对于阅读理解中涉及到的两个重大历史事件，让学生在充分学习文章的基础上复述一下并写出来，不仅锻炼了学生的概括能力，又培养了学生的写作能力，同时复习巩固了本课的重点语法——过去进行时。
初中下册英语教案5篇
作为一名默默奉献的老师，我们常常要根据教学需要编写教案，教案是教学活动的依据，有着重要的地位。下面是我给大家整理的初中下册英语教案，欢迎大家查阅。
初三1-2单元英语教案
Revise Unit 1＆2 Book3
[复习目标]
熟练掌握现在完成时态的用法。
[课前准备]
要求学生在课前复习这两个单元，背诵课文的部分段落、对话和单词，复习现在完成时态，及动词的变化形式。（P255--257的动词不规则变化表）
知识要点
一、现在完成时态的构成
have/has+动词的过去分词
二、与现在完成时态连用的常用副词，词组
just,already,yet,ever,never,several,times,so far,in the last/past few years.
already一般用于肯定句中，而yet一般用于疑问句或否定句中。
三、现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果
四、现在完成时态也可表示过去发生的`动作一直持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用，常以for和since引导
for和表示一段时间的词组连用。
since和表示过去某一时刻的词或词组连用。
Have/has been to 与have/has gone to的区别：
Have/has been to意为“已经去过某地，且已回来”，have/has gone to意为“去了某地，但还未回来”。
五、现在完成时态中延续性动词与短暂性动词之间的转换.
现在完成时态可以表示已经发生了的动作持续到现在（包括相应“现在”在内）的动作或状态，但动词必须是延续性动词，因此，如果句子需要现在用现在完成时态，有些短暂性动词要改成相应的延续性动词或词组，常见的有：leave―be away, die―be dead , buy―have,
borrow―keep, open―be open, begin/start―be on,
arrive/reach/get―be in, come/go―be in, get up Cbe up
get ill/fall―be ill, join―be in the /be a member of
词组
the shelf 在架子上
the monent 现在；此刻
to 过去常常做某事
down 放下；写下
for sth. 付款
up with 提供；提出
of 认为；想起
… back 找回；要回
up 拾（拿）起
10.(a)large number(s) of大量
overthe world 遍及整个世界
matter 无论怎样
up 放弃
since 从那时起
far 迄今为止
true 实现
down 减慢
proud of以……自豪
highly 称赞
only …but also 不仅……而且
TV station 电视台
afraid of 害怕
piece of music 一首音乐
down 砍下；割下
a contribution to 贡献给；捐赠
one’s life （某人的）一生
well in 在某方面擅长
句型
1．Have you got…?
Have you got a CD player?
你有一台激光唱机吗？
2．…so+倒装
She was worried and so was the librarian.
她很担心，图书管理员也一样。
3．What’s the…like today?
What’s the surfing lide today?
今天冲浪怎么样？
4．Have you ever been to…?
Have you ever been to
Hawaii?
你曾经去过夏威夷吗？
5．There be+sth.+doing sth.
My friend said there was a truck collecting rubbish outside.
我朋友说外面有辆收集垃圾的卡车。
6．It’s a pleasant way to do sth.
It’s a pleasant way to help keep our city clean.
这是一种愉快的方式帮助保持我们城市干净。
7．the+比较级，the+比较级
The more trees ,the better.
树越多越好。
Teaching Steps
Step1 Greeting
1-2minutes
Step2 Listening exercises
5-7minutes
Step3 Revise the Past Particple Tense
20-25minutes
Step4 Ask ＆ Answer
5-7minutes
Step5 Do exercises
3-5minutes
Step6 Homework
1、Revise Unit3＆4
2、Finish exercises
3、Prepare for dictation―words and phrasesUnit1＆2
初三英语教案lesson 61
Lesson 61
Properties: Recorder, Overhead Projector
Teaching Objectives:
1. Understand the dialogues.
2. Learn some useful expressions.
Teaching Procedures:
I. Showing the teaching aims
II. Revision
Check the homework, then let the students act out their dialogues.
III. Leading in
T: Today there is a football match, Did Jim watch the football match? Did Li Lei watch it? Play the tape for the students to find the answer, then check the answers with the whole class.
IV. Presentation
Let the students go through the questions of Exercise 1 in the workbook, read the dialogue on P76. Answer these questions, then check the answer.
V. Practice
Play the tape for the students to listen to and repeat, then go through the dialogue. Explain some language points: 1. win - won - won/ winner, 2. beat somebody 3 .win the game/ match 4. think of
Let the students practise the dialogue, then act out the dialogue, then do Exercise 3 in the workbook. The answers are: saw, already, win, team, stronger, beat, thank, told, place, important.
VI. Teaching grammar
Draw this line on the blackboard:
now
before
last Sunday
before last Sunday
having a lesson
has (never)seen
watched a match
had (never)seen
Ask the students some questions:
1. What are you doing now? (having a lesson)
2. What did you do last Sunday? (watched a match)
3. Was it a good match? (Yes, a very good one)
4. Had you ever seen a good match before?
No, I had never seen such a good match before.
Yes, I had seen many like that one.
Explain: The Past Perfect Tense shows an action happening before a certain time in the past. Give the students more examples:
A: Li Lei said he had seen it.
B: The train had already left when I got to the station.
C: She had finished her homework by the end of last year.
D: They had never seen such beautiful places before they came to China.
VII. Practice
Look at Exercise 2 in the workbook. Let the students match the two halves to make true sentences, then practise the dialogue with the whole class.
VIII. Summary
Exercises in class
Complete the following sentences after the model.
Model: the bell ring, I, finish, the exercises
When the bell rang, I had finished the exercises.
1. I, come to Jim's home, he, go out for a walk
2. they, get to the station, the train, leave
3. we, reach the farm, the farmers, pick a lot of apples
4. by the end of last month, we, learn about, 1000 English words
5. by 1990, the worlds population, reach five billion
IX. Homework
1. Revise the Grammar: The Past Perfect Tense.
2. Make up four sentences using when, before, after, by.
教学目标
1. 语言知识目标：
1) 能掌握以下单词：rules, arrive, late, hall, dinning hall, listen, listen to, fight, sorry
2) 能掌握以下句型：
① Don't eat in class.
② You must be on time.
③ Eat in the dining hall.
2. 学会用英语表达一些标志的含义。
3. 熟练使用目标语言谈论对某些规章制度(校规、家规等)的看法
3. 情感态度价值观目标：
能用英语表达和制定一些简单的规则，理解没有规矩不成方圆;无论是在学校时还是在家庭中以及以后走上社会都应当遵守规则，按规则办事。
教学重难点
1. 教学重点：
1) 肯定祈使句是省略掉主语的原形动词开头;
2) 否定祈使句则是在肯定祈使句前加上“don’t”。
3) 情态动词must及have to在用法上的区别。
2. 教学难点：
掌握祈使句的用法，并能听懂、会说一些简单的祈使句。
教学工具
多媒体
教学过程
Ⅰ. Warming-up and revision
教师进教室后，使用祈使句请学生们完成一系列动作：
Please stand up/ sit down. Close the door, please. Look at me and listen to me.
Don’t open your books. Don’t talk. Let’s begin our class.
学生听教师的指令完成各种动作，教师也可将指令写到黑板上，让学生从视觉上考察祈使句的特点。
Ⅱ. Presentation
教师出示书上1a 的图片，向学生提问。
指着图上奔跑的男孩提问
T：What’s the boy doing? S: He’s running.
T: Where is he running? S: He’s running in the hallways.(板书，教读)
T：Can you run in the hallways? S: No, I can’t.
T: So please don’t run in the hallways.(板书，教读)
(= You can’t run in the hallways.)
学生跟读数遍，明白祈使句和“can”的表达含意。
T：Why is he running in the hallways? S: He’s late.
T: Oh, he’s late for class.(板书，教读)
You can’t arrive late for class.(板书，教书) = Don’t arrive late for class.
…
Ⅲ. 1a
T: Now, Look at the picture on your textbook. Each of the students is breaking one of these rules.
Please finish 1a.
学生看图，完成1a的内容，检查答案并大声朗读校规。
Ⅳ. Listening
1. T: Now let’s listen! What rules are these students breaking? Write the numbers after names?
2. 学生们听录音，完成1b，选出四位学生都违反了哪条校规;听之前，学生要读会英文名。
3. Check the answers:
Ⅴ. Pair work
请两位学生朗读1c部分的句型;要求学生两人一组对话表演，SA扮演外校转来新生，SB告知本校校规。(学生可经过讨论，多说出他们想到的校规，不必只限于书上;教师应给予帮助)
Ⅵ. Listening
1. Work on 2a:
First, let's read the sentences in 2a together.
T: Now, let's listen to the recording. Check the activities Alan and Cindy talk about.
Ss listen to the recording and check the activities they hear.
Play the recording again for the Ss to check the answers.
2. Work on 2b:
Make Sure Ss know what they should do.
Listen to the recording again. Can Alan and Cindy do these activities? Circle can or can't above.
3. Check the answers:
Ⅶ. Pair work
1. Suppose you are Alan and your partner is Cindy. Talk about the rules in 2a.
2. Let some students come to the front and act out the conversations.
Ⅷ. Role-play
1. Read the conversation and find some rules in this school?
2. Ss read the conversations and find the answers to this question.
3. Check the answers:
( Don't be late for school. Don't bring music players to school. You always have to wear the school uniform. You have to be quiet in the library. )
Homework:
1. Remember the new words and expressions.
2. 完成下列句型转换试题
1)I can play computer games on weekends.(一般疑问句)
_________________________________? Yes, ____________.
2) He has to wear uniform.(变否定句)
He _____ _____ _____ wear uniform.
3) I have to wear sneakers for gym class.(一般疑问句)
_____ you ____ ____ wear sneakers for gym class? Yes, I ____.
4) They have to wash clothes.(提问) ____ do they have ____ ____?
5) You can’t go out on school nights.(换一种表达) _______ go out on school nights.
6) Don’t talk in class.(同上) No _________.
课后习题
1)I can play computer games on weekends.(一般疑问句)
_________________________________? Yes, ____________.
2) He has to wear uniform.(变否定句)
He _____ _____ _____ wear uniform.
3) I have to wear sneakers for gym class.(一般疑问句)
_____ you ____ ____ wear sneakers for gym class? Yes, I ____.
4) They have to wash clothes.(提问) ____ do they have ____ ____?
5) You can’t go out on school nights.(换一种表达) _______ go out on school nights.
6) Don’t talk in class.(同上) No _________.
板书
Section A (1a-2d)
Main sentences:
1. Don't arrive late for school. You must be on time.
2. —What are the rules?
—Well, we can't arrive late for class. We must be on time.
3. Listen to music in the music room.
4. We always have to wear the school rules.
5. We have to be quiet in the library.
教学目标
Teaching aims (教学目标)
1. 学习祈使句的否定形式。
2. 学会使用祈使句表示规则。
3. 能够熟练使用can和can’t表示许可。
4. 能和同学谈论校规。
教学重难点
Language points (语言点)
1. 词汇：1)名词n. rule, hallway, hall, fight
2) 动词v. arrive, listen, fight, wear
3) 形容词 adj. sorry, outside
4) 词组 be on time, dining hall, listen to…
2. 句型：What are the rules? We can’t …./Don’t …/We have to …
Can we … ? Yes, we can./No, we can’t.
What do you have to do? We have to …
Difficulties (教学难点)
1.祈使句的否定形式。
2. 如何谈论规则。
教学过程
Teaching steps (教学步骤)
1. Warm-up and revision(课堂热身和复习)
(1)Greet the class.
(2) Listen to a song.
T: Do you like this beautiful song?
Can we listen to it in class?
T: Can we listen to music in the classroom?
What can we do in the classroom?
What can’t we do in the classroom?
【教学设计说明】通过听歌曲来导入本单元的主要话题——规则。让学生自由谈论在教室里可以做的事情和不可以做的事情，帮助学生培养秩序感。
2. Presentation (呈现新知识)
(1) Present the new words: classroom, hallway, dining room, fight, arriv e late for class.
Show some pictures of the new words on the screen. Have Ss read these words.
classroom, hallway, dining room, fight, arrive late for class
(2) Flash some pictures quickly on the screen. Have Ss say the words according the pictures as quickly as they can.
(3) Show some pictures of different activities that are happening in the school.
Help Ss understand the school rules.
T: Can you run in the hallways? Don’t run in the hall ways.
T: Can you fight? Don’t fight.
T: Can you listen to music in class? Don’t listen to music in class.
T: Can you eat in the classroom? Don’t eat in the classroom.
You can only eat in the dining hall.
T: Can you arrive late for class? Don’t arrive late for class.
You must be on time.
【教学设计说明】图片教学法是呈现新知识最简单有效的方法之一，学生通过图片，能更价值观的理解新单词的含义。此环节重点在新单词及词组的意思和发音上，所以要尽量让更多的学生张口说，必要的机械操练是必不可少的。
3. Drill (练习)
Show the pictures as quickly as possible. Have Ss say the new words. Then use the new words to make conversations.
T: Let’s play a game. Please say the new words as quickly as you can. Then make a conversation like this:
A: What are the rules?
B: Don’t …
【教学设计说明】此环节为机械操练，使不同层次学生初步掌握目标语言。机械操练是英语初始阶段教学必不可缺的部分，学生要先从模仿到初步掌握，最后才能熟练应用。机械操练时应注意着重提问成绩较差的学生，由于机械操练比较简单，因此是激发后进生兴趣，培养后进生自信的一个很好的途径。
4. Work on 1a (完成1a)
(1) Which rules are these Ss breaking? Write the number of the rule
next to the student.
(2) Talk about the picture with Ss using the target language.
【教学设计说明】通过1a的练习，使学生进一步学会运用新单词。和学生一起谈论图片，目的在于引导学生学会使祈使句表示规则。
5. Work on 1b (完成1b)
(1)Listen. What rules are these Ss breaking? Write the numbers after the names.
(2) Student A is a new student. Student B tells Student A about the rules. Make conversations with your partner.
A: What are the rules?
B: Well, we can’t arrive late for class. We must be on time.
【教学设计说明】此环节着重是听力训练。让学生在听对话的过程中抓住关键词汇，由于前面已做了一些训练，因此学生听起来比较容易，让他们都有一次成功的喜悦和感受，这样可以增强他们的学习自信心。
6. Work on 2a & 2b (完成2a和2b)
(1)T: Please turn to page 20. Look at the activities in 2a and read them aloud.
(2)T: Listen. Check the activities Alan and Cindy talk about.
(3)T: Can you get the answers? Listen again and check your answers.
(4)T: Listen again. Can Alan and Cindy do these activities? Circle can or can’t.
【教学设计说明】此环节进一步巩固了本堂课所学的词汇和句型。通过反复听读，可以让学生尽快熟悉生词。帮助学生掌握情态动词can表示许可的用法。
7. Work on 2c (完成2c)
Student A is Alan and Student B is Cindy. Talk about the rules in 2a.
A: Can we listen to music, Cindy?
B: We can’t listen to music in the hallways, but we can listen to it outside.
【教学设计说明】此环节既能充分练习学生的目标语言，使学生学以致用，同时也能极大的调动学生们的课堂参与率.
教学目标
1. 谈论规则
2. 祈使语气
3. 表示允许
4. 能够用口头或书面描述规则
教学重难点
教学重点和难点：
重点掌握祈使语气的用法，包括表示允许的Can及其当情态动词用的 have to do;以及各种可以用在表述规章制度的动词和句型。难点在于情态动词的用法，以及祈使句与它的应答。
教学工具
课件
教学过程
Task One:
Talk about school rules to “feel” Imperatives
Goal：Get to know about the structure to express rules
Step 1: Talk about the school rules they know / remember
Step 2: Look at the picture and read the rules in Section A – 1a, telling the difference between yours
Step 3: Add more rules to your school, which you think necessary
Task Two:
Listen and find out what Ss can do and what they cannot
Goal: Try to understand the rules by listening
Step 1: Listen to conversations about the activities and find out what students can do and what they cannot do
Step 2: Listen to conversations about the activities and find out what Alex and Christina can do and what they cannot do→Section A (2a / b)
Step 3: Listen to conversations about the activities and find out what rules students break
→Section A (1b)
Step 4: Listen to the different rules that different people have to follow→Section B (2a / b)
Task Three:
Learn to read the signs for rules
Goal: Learn about the rules by reading the signs
Step 1: Learn about the rules by reading the pictures→Section B1
Step 2: Learn about the rules by reading the signs→Section B (3 b)
Step 3: Talk about the similarities or the differences about the signs between China and abroad
Task Four:
Write rules for libraries, labs, computer-rooms, and swimming pools etc.
Goal: Learn to take care of public things
Step 1:
Read the letter →Section B (3 a)
Find the rules in the letter
Write them down
Step 2:
Talk in pairs about the rules for public places, such as libraries, labs, computer-rooms, swimming pools, etc.
Discuss in groups about the rules for these public places
Write down what have been talked about / discussed
课后小结
学了这节课，你有什么收获?
课后习题
完成课后练习题。
板书
Unit 12 Don’t eat in class
同学们我们已经学习了 八年级 英语的现在进行时、一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时这4种时态的用法，但这4种时态还不能满足我们表达的需要。这时，我们可以用一种新的时态——现在完成时表示。我整理了关于八年级英语现在完成时的教案，希望对大家有帮助! 八年级英语现在完成时：一、现在完成时的构成 (一)肯定式 主语+助动词have /has +过去分词+ 其它 说明：这里的have /has是助动词，没有什么具体意义。当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用has，其余人称一律用have。 has，have的缩略式分别为's或've。规则动词过去分词的构成与过去式的构成方式一样，不规则动词可参看不规则动词表。实例： 1)I've just copied all the new words .我刚抄写了所有的生词。 (表示不要再抄了) 2)She has lost her books .她丢失了她的书。 (表示到目前为止还没有找到) (如果用过去时：She lost her books . 则强调书是过去丢的这一动作，而不知现在有没有找到) 3)We've just cleaned the classroom .我们刚好打扫了教室。(表明现在教室是干净的) (二)否定式 主语+助动词have /has+not+过去分词+其它 说明：现在完成时构成否定句时，只需在助动词have /has后面加not就行。have not，has not的缩略式分别为haven't ，hasn't。另外，肯定句中有some，already时，改为否定时要分别改成any，yet。实例： 1)I haven't finished my homework yet.我还没有完成我的作业。 2)She hasn't travelled on a train .她没有坐火车旅行过。 3)We have never spoken to a foreigner.我们从来没有和外国人说过话。 注：有时not可以用never代替，表示“从来没有”的意思。又如： 4)I have never seen him before.以前我从来没有见过他。 (三)一般疑问式 助动词Have /Has +主语+过去分词+其它 ? 说明：把陈述句中的have或has放到句首，句末打问号，同时把句中的some ，already改为any ，ye t就构成了一般疑问句。肯定回答用“Yes ，主语+have/has.?否定回答用“No，主语+haven't/hasn't.”有时也可以用“No，not yet./No ，never./No，not even once.”等。实例： 1)—Have you ever made dumplings ?你曾经做过饺子吗? —Yes ，I have .是的，我做过。 2)—Has she ever been abroad ?她曾经出过国吗? —No，never.不，从来没有。 3)—Have they found the lost books yet ?他们已经找到了丢失的书吗? —Yes ，they have.是的，他们找到了。 注意：当句中有否定词not ，hardly(几乎不)，never的时候，在改为反意疑问句时，附加部分用肯定形式。例如：You have never come to our school ，have you ?你以前从来没有来过我们学校，是吗? 八年级英语现在完成时：二、现在完成时的用法 (一)现在完成时的用法1：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。此时，常与时间副词already(已经) ，yet(还、已经) ，just(刚刚、仅仅) ，ever(曾经) ，never(从不) ，before(以前)等连用。这几个副词的用法如下： 意为“已经”，通常用于肯定句中，可放在助动词之后，过去分词之前，也可以放在句末。实例： 1)I've already read this book. 我已经读过这本书了。 (“读”这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是“知道书中的内容”。) 2)I've washed my clothes already.我已经洗了衣服。 (洗衣服的动作已完成，其结果是“衣服冼干净了”。) 注意：在表示吃惊或明知故问等感情色彩时，already也可用于(口语)疑问句中。实例： 3)Have you met him already ?你(真的)已经见过他了? 用在疑问句中意为“已经”，用在否定句中意为“还”，常放在句末。实例： 1)—Has he found his watch yet ?他已经找到他的手表了吗? —No，not yet.不，还没有。 2)The woman hasn't found her dog yet . 那位妇女还没有找到她的狗。(没找到狗，心里着急，这就是对现在的影响) 意为“刚刚”，表示行为刚刚过去，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。实例： He has just come back from school .他刚从学校回来。 意为“曾经”，用于疑问句或否定句中，放在助动词与过去分词之间。实例： 1)Have you ever been to Hong Kong ?你曾去过香港吗? 2)I haven't ever spoken to her.我未曾和她说过话。 意为“从来没有”常与before连用(before要放在句尾，而never多放在助动词与过去分词之间。实例： I have never travelled by plane before.我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过。 意为“以前”，指过去不确定的某个时间，总是放在句末，不受句型的限制。实例： 1)Have you been to Hainan before ?你以前去过海南吗? 2)I haven't eaten Guangdong food before.我以前没吃过广东菜。 (二)现在完成时用法二2——持续性用法(肯定句，疑问句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词)：表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。此时常与“for +一段时间?或“since+过去的点时间或从句(从句用一般过去时)以及so far(到目前为止)等时间状语连用。 for + 段时间 since +点时间 实例： 1)I've lived here since 1990.自从1990年以来我就住在这里。 = I've lived here since 13 years ago. = I've lived here for 13 years. = It is 13 years since I began to live here. 2)I haven't seen him for three years .我三年没有看见他了。 = I haven't seen him since three years ago = I haven't seen him since 2000. = It is 3 years since I saw him last time. 3)Mr Wang has worked in the factory since he came to the city . 自从到这个城市以来，王先生一直在这家工厂工作。 4)She's been at this school since five years ago. 自从五年前以来她就在这个学校。 注意：①在这类 句子 的肯定句和疑问句中谓语动词必须用延续性动词。短暂性动词由于动作不能持续，故不能与for(达到;累计)或since(自从。。。到现在)引出的时间状语连用。 ②对for和since引导的时间状语提问要用How long 1) 他入团两年了。 误：He has joined the League for two years. 正：He has been a League member for two years. 2)我买这辆自行车三年了。 误：I have bought this bike for three years. 正：I have had this bike for three years. 2) ▲部分短暂性动词与之对应的延续性动词： 短暂性动词 延续性动词 die → be dead borrow → keep buy/catch → have get up → be up come → be in finish → be over leaver → be away open → be open close → be closed begin → be on become interested in → be interested in 有人可能会问：一般过去时和现在完成时所表示的动作都发生在过去，那么这两种时态有什么区别呢? ☆答：①一般过去时与具体的表示过去时间状语如：yesterday连用;强调动作在过去发生，与现在无关。 ②现在完成时与自已的特征词连用，强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响或过去开始发生一直持续到现在的动作。 例： He saw the film last night. (过去时，表示他昨晚看过那部电影了，现在不知还要不要再看一次) He has (ever) seen the film before.(现在\完成时，表时他已看过那部电影，现在不想再看了) 八年级英语现在完成时巩固练习 I.按要求转换下列各句，每空一词。 1、He has already finished his homework.(改为否定句) He _______ finished his homework ________. have found the lost books already.(改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) ______ they _______ the lost books _______?No，they________. has not got home from school yet.(改为肯定句) Julia ______ _______ ________ home from school . have never been to Shanghai before，_________ _________ ?(改为反意疑问句) 5. He’s gone to Beijing, ______ ______?(改为反意疑问句) Wang began to teach English in this school in 1999.(改为同义句) Mr Wang _________ _________ English in this school since 1999. 7. He hasn’t left home for 3 days.(同义句) He _____ ______ ______ home for 3 days. 8. They have lived here since 3 years ago. (对划线提问) II.选择正确答案。 ( )1.—Who is Mary ? —____?I saw you talking with her at the meeting . 't you meet her yet 't you met her yet 't you met her yet 't you met her yet ( )2.—How do you like Beijing ，Mr Black? —Oh ，I ____ such a beautiful city . 't visit 't visit 't visited 't visited ( ) old people ____ lonely at all since we began to visit them once a week. 't feel 't felt 't felt 't feel ( ) have lived here ____ five years ago.
高中英语现在完成时教案
雨高一高二不同，高三为了迎接高考，学习任务更重，难度更大，因此对高三学生的教案也要有所改进。下面是由我为大家整理的“高三英语教案优秀教学设计精选”，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读本文。
教学目标
I. 单词和词组
permission， nation，reduce， fetch， compare， therefore， remain， dislik， share， persuade， hardly， go ahead， burn down， compared to， give up， call for， be used to， get into the habit of
II. 日常交际用语
1.请求
May / Could / Can I do that？
I wonder if I can do that.
Would / Do you mind if I come earlier？
Will you tell me if can go now？
2.允许
Yes， please. / Of course. / Sure. / Certainly.
Go ahead， please.
That’s all right. / OK.
It’s all right to me.
3.拒绝
I’m sorry， but it’s not allowed here.
You’d better not.
I’m afraid not. It’s not right.
III.语法
复习名词性从句作宾语和表语的用法。
教学建议
教材分析
The main dialogue of this unit is to practise the students how to ask for permission， refuse and give permission ability. Though learning the way of expressing are able to remind the students speaking in daily life. This dialogue is the main idea to learn to use these phrase for permission. Though two men’s talking. Meanwhile this lesson offer some practice to help the students to understand and learn about the content of the dialogue. In order to master these phases， this lesson has short dialogue to give the students to speak each other.
重点词汇讲解
h fire与be on fire
1）catch fire：begin to burn着火；烧着。catch fire有动态含义，揩“开始燃烧”。
例如：
Paper catches fire easily.纸容易着火。
The bed clothes catch fire and the whole house may be burnt down.铺盖着火了，整个房子都可能烧掉。
2）be on fire：be burning着火；失火。 be on fire有静态含义，指“燃烧的状态”。
例如：
The house was on fire.房子着火了。
She woke up at midnight and found the kitchen on fire.她半夜醒来发现厨房失火了。
一、 课程类型：
高三复习课。
二、 教学目标：
（ 一） 认知目标
1.句型和语言点（见教学重点）。
2.用所学的知识与伙伴进行交流、沟通，学会改错、写作。
（二）情感目标
利用多媒体手段营造积极和谐教学氛围，使学生不自觉地进入情景之中，充分调动学生的思维活动和情感体验，引起学生的共鸣。
（三）智力目标
在运用语言的过程中培养学生的观察力、分析力、想象力和自学能力，帮 助学生加强记忆力，提高思维能力和运用英语的综合能力，激发创造能力。
三、 教材分析：
这是高三复习阶段的一节写作课。这节书面表达课就从审题谋篇等方面入手来完成教学目的，侧重于引导学生在把握书面表达的写作前准备即谋篇审题能力，使学生在动手写作前迅速构思按照规范的模式来完成谋篇审题：在教学中不仅仅强调写，对于与写作紧密联系的听、说、读、改错都有兼顾。采用任务型教学法和小组合作探究学习法，从而激发学生的学习兴趣，同时也能扩大课堂的语料输入量及学生的语言输出量。
四、 教学重点：
1. 学会审题和谋篇
2. 掌握多样化的表达方式
3. 熟练各段中的固定写作套路
五、 教学难点：
1. 如何帮助学生运用写作策略，促进学生自主写作。
2. 使学生了解谋篇的重要性，培养谋篇的能力和习惯。
六、 教学方法：
1、活动教学法：
2、任务型教学法：
七、 教学设计：
Step 1. Warming up
Come up with some proverbs for the students to put them into Chinese.
Recitation is of the first importance in any language learning！
Practice makes perfect！ …
What do you learn from the above proverbs？
Step 2. Presentation
Make it clear to the students the importance of writing in English subject of the college entrance exams and then the goals of this lesson.
Step 3. Exhibition
Show on the whiteboard a writing.
（一） 教学内容
1. 本课是Unit 2 heroes Lesson 1 Modern Heroes 的第一课时。本单元分别介绍了National hero， History makers，Sports stars 和 Superhero。这几篇文章的主题都是hero，但涉及的领域不同，它们融会贯通，承上启下，融为一体。
2. 本课是介绍National Hero，是学生比较熟悉和感兴趣的话题，前部分需要介绍杨利伟和神州五号，让学生掌握有关词汇；后一部分是介绍杨利伟乘坐神州五号宇宙飞船遨游太空的情况。
3. 本课文出现了较多的定语从句，还有生词较多（有些单词表没有而初中又没有学过），在这样的困难前提下，我引导学生通过 culture and background knowledge，结合课本内容丰富自己的知识面，拓宽学生对航天知识的了解，让学生了解航天英雄的成功之路，激发他们的民族自豪感。
（二） 学生分析
1. 组成情况职业高中高一学生年龄都在14-16岁之间，大多数学生由于初中的知识基础打得不扎实，而且缺乏主动学习的能动性，自学能力差，对学习没有持有探究性和方向性，也没有养成良好英语学习习惯，所以学习成绩不太理想。
2. 学生的知识与技能水平职业高中招生的学生，基础知识比较薄弱，甚至连音标都不会读，词汇的掌握范围狭窄，影响了阅读，听力和作文。学生的表达能力还是停留在比较低级的水平，面对每幅图片或某个主题只能说出一两句话，而且在阅读上，未能掌握泛读和精读的技巧和方法，课后的预习和复习能力较差，缺乏总结归纳的能力。
3. 学生已掌握的学习策略尽管学生的知识和技能水平一般，但经过了一定时间的训练后，他们还是掌握了pair work， group work， using the culture and background knowledge的阅读技巧。
（三） 教学目标
1. 通过快速阅读文章，学生能够对每段文章进行归纳总结，准确地把段落主题与所给的headings联系起来。
2. 通过仔细阅读，学生能够回答关于文章的细节问题。
3. 通过进一步阅读，学生能够学生能用英语对采访自己心目中的民族英雄。并尝试复述课文。
（四） 教学策略
教学方法：使用交际法，充分调动学生的积极性，积极参与到课堂教学中，通过师生互动，小组表演的形式，完成各种任务，以达到完成教学任务的途径。
一. 内容： 动词的时态语态专项练习 二. 重难点讲解： 动词的时态和语态 在接下来的时间里将给大家介绍一下动词的时态和语态。 到目前为止大家应该知道，动词共有16种时态和两种语态。 在时态方面，考题中主要涉及到其中的10种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去将来时、过去进行时、过去完成时、将来进行时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时。 1. 一般现在时：通常有六种用法，其中最重要的考点是：在时间或条件状语从句中表示将来的动作；安排或计划好的将来发生的动作。 如：1>. The train for Shanghai leaves at and arrives at . 2>. As soon as the manager comes back, I will tell him about it. 2. 一般过去时： 关于该时态最主要请大家掌握它的概念：一个开始于过去结束于过去的动作，或存在的状态。记住这一点很重要，需要与现在完成时区分。 如：The other day she ran across an old friend in the street. 3. 一般将来时： 除了用will + 动词原形表示该时态外，还有： 1> Be going to do sth： She is going to go abroad next year. 2> Be about to do sth： Please fasten your safety belt, for the plane is about to take off. 3> Be to do sth： There is to be a class meeting this afternoon. 4. 现在进行时： 除了众所周知的表正在进行动作外，还有如下特殊用法： 预计一个将要发生的动作；常与某些副词连用，表示某种感情色彩，如赞叹、惊讶或不满。 如：1> How many of you are going to the party tonight. 2> The teacher is always criticizing us. 5. 现在完成时：这应该是五个基本时态中最令大家迷惑的一个。该时态分为已完成和未完成两种。常见的标志性的词有：since, for, already, so far, up to now, in the last few years, in the past three months etc. 如：1> He has lived here since he got married. 2> In the past two decades, research has expanded our knowledge about sleep and dreams. 3> In the last ten years great changes have taken place in China. 6. 过去将来时：只有一个考点：用于主句的谓语动词是过去时态的间接引语中，遵循时态呼应原则。 如：she said she would pay us a visit when she had enough time. 7. 过去进行时：表示在过去的某个时刻发生的动作或某段时间内一直进行的动作。 如：1> At nine o’clock last night, I was counting the stars in the sky. 2> When the girl came in, the two dogs were fighting for a bone. 3> While I was preparing for the exam, the power was cut off. 8. 过去完成时：别名“过去的过去。”考题中对该时态的使用有要求，只有当句中有一个动作是过去时，才有可能用过去完成。 如：1> The film had almost finished when I got to the cinema. 2> By the time he was ten, he had built himself a chemistry lab. 9. 将来完成时：该时态只有一个考点，请大家注意与过去完成的区别： 如：By the time he is ten, he will have built himself a chemistry lab. 10. 现在完成进行时：表示现在以前一直发生的动作，强调动作在进行过程中的不间断，常有背景句作为铺垫。 如：—You are all wet! —Yes, I have been playing basketball all the morning. 语态：主要考察被动语态的用法。基本公式：主语 + be + 动词的过去分词。 还有一个要点大家需记住：只有及物动词才有被动语态。 除了大家熟悉的基本用法外，被动语态还有一些特殊用法，比如用主动的形式表达被动的概念，顾名思义，看起来是主动，实则为被动。 下面，我们将英文中常见的主动形式表被动含义的情况总结一下： 1> 动词read, sell, last, wash, write, lock等带状语,如well, easily时. .① This kind of cloth washes easily.（这种布好洗） ② The meeting lasted three hours.（会议持续了三个小时） ③ My new pen writes well. （我的新钢笔好写） 2> 感官动词feel, look, smell, sound, taste, prove等与形容词连用时. . ①You look very well today. ② Your bedroom smelt so terrible. ③ My words proved right. 3> begin, end, stop, open, close等表示开，关，结束的含义时，及break out, take place, happen等动词表示爆发，发生概念时。 . ① The library opens at ten. ② Class begins at half past eight. ③ An earthquake took place in Tang Shan in 1976. 4> 某些做表语的形容词后，用不定式的主动形式。 . ① The question is easy to answer. ② His clothes are hard to wash. ③ The fish is not fit to eat. ④ He has an important meeting to attend. 【典型例题】 1. I can guess you were in a hurry. You your sweater inside out. A. had worn B. wore C. were wearing D. are wearing 2. — We that you would fix the TV set this week. — I’m sorry. I to, but I’ve been too busy. A. had expected； had intended B. are expecting； had intended C. expect； intend D. expected； intend 3. He will stop showing off, if no notice of him. A. is taken B. will be taken C. takes D. has taken 4. — It is said that another new car factory now. — Yeah. It one and a half years. A. is building；takes B. is being built；will take C. is built；will take D. is being built；takes 5. — I’m sorry, but I shouldn’t have been so rude to you. — You your temper but that’s OK. A. have lost B. had lost C. did lose D. were losing 6. — Why? Tom, your shirt is so dirty! — Mum, I my storeroom downstairs。 A. cleaned B. have worked C. was cleaning D. have been cleaning 7. They won’t buy new clothes because they money to buy a color TV set. A. save B. are saving C. has saved D. were saving 8. Good heavens! There you are! We anxious about you, and we you back throughout the night. A. are；expect B. were；had expected C. have been；were expecting D. are；were expecting 9. I’ve finally finished my paper and it me an entire month. A. takes B. took C. was taken D. had taken 10. The traffic in our city is already good and it even better. A. gets B. got C. has got D. is getting 11. — Has Jack finished his homework yet? — I have no idea；he it this morning. A. was doing B. had been doing C. has done D. did 12. — I will come to attend your lecture at 10：00 tomorrow. — I’m sorry, by then my lecture will have ended and I my guests in my office. A. is being met B. will meet C. will be meeting D. will have met 13. — Alice came back home the day before yesterday. — Really ? Where ? A. has she been B. had she been C. has she gone D. had she gone 14. John and I friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we each other a couple of times before that. A. had been；have met B. have been；have met C. had been；had met D. have been；had met 15. I ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year. A. will play B. have played C. played D. play 16. I’ve won a holiday for two to Florida. I my mum. A. take B. am taking C. have taken D. will have taken 17. — You haven’t said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it? — I’ m sorry I anything about it sooner. I certainly think it’s pretty on you. A. wasn’t saying B. don’t say C. won’t say D. didn’t say 18. — Where ? — I got stuck in the heavy traffic. I here earlier. A. did you go； had arrived B. have you been；would have been C. were you；would come D. are you；was 19. I know Mr. Brown；we to each other at an international conference. A. are introduced B. have been introduced C. were introduced D. had been introduced 20. —Where do you think he the computer? — Sorry. I have no idea. A. has ；bought B.／；bought C. did ；buy D. had ；bought 21. — I to a party, but I’ve got nothing to wear. — Why don’t you have a dress made for the party? A. was asked B. will ask C. have asked D. have been asked 22. I didn’t like Aunt Lucy, who without warning and bringing us presents. A. always turned up B. has always turned up C. was always turning up D. was always turned up 23. — What do you think of this kind of TV set, which in Shanghai? — Well, I don’t care such things. A. was made B. is made C. has been made D. had been made 24. — Tom, did Mr. Li join you in your discussion? — No, he , but he happened to have fallen ill. A. would like to B. will C. was to have D. was going to join 25. — Did he notice you enter the room? — I don’t think so. He＿＿to the radio with his eyes shut. A. listened B. was listening C. has listened D. had listened 26. The plane at 7：00 ., so I have to be at the airport by 6：40 at the latest. A. has left B. is to leave C. will have left D. leaves 27. The train at the present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about nine o’clock tonight. A. went B. is going C. goes D. will be going 28. Look at this! I some magazines and this letter. A. was looking through；found B. am looking through；find C. looked through；had found D. had looked through；finding 29. — you the editor at the airport? — No, he away before my arrival. A. Have...met； has driven B. Had...met； was driven C. Did...meet； had been driven D. Have...met； had driven 30. — Can you give me the right answer? — Sorry, I .Would you repeat that question? A. hadn’t listened B. haven’t listened C. don’t listen D. wasn’t listening 答案： 1. D。can guess 这一现在猜测是建立在眼前所见情景的基础上的，故用现在进行时。 2. A。expect, intend, want, wish, hope, plan 等动词的过去完成式可表示过去未曾实现的想法、愿望、打算等。 3. A。如主句用将来时，在时间、条件和让步状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来。又因if 从句是take notice of...的被动语态结构，故选A。 4. B。根据主语与build之间的被动关系和now，可知要选现在进行时的被动语态；因工厂正在修建，花费一年半应指将来。 5. C。shouldn’ t have done 表示“过去本不应……”。You did lose your temper 是You lost your temper 的强调形式。 6. D。现在完成进行时表示从过去某时到现在一直在进行的动作。 7. B。句意为：他们（现在）不愿买新衣服，因为他们在攒钱买电视。由此可见，攒钱是现阶段正在进行的动作。 8. C。担心是从过去某时到说话时为止一直在进行的动作，用现在完成时；expect 是在过去某一段时间里（整个晚上）正在进行的动作，故用过去进行时。 9. B。论文已完成，花费一个月时间应指过去；某事花费某人多少时间用 time 结构。 10. D。交通现在已经好了，在此基础上正在变得更好。 11. A。题干没有构成“过去的过去”，不可选B。如选C、D则表示动作已完成，与have no idea相矛盾。过去进行时表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作，不涉及结果，正好附合题干语境。 12. C。by then 是指将来的时间状语，排除A。再由句意可知，meet指的是到了十点钟时将正在进行的动作。 13. B。问句问的是前天回来之前去了哪儿，故用过去完成时。注意had gone表示人未回来，与第一句相矛盾。 14. D。for＋时间段表示从过去某时延续至今的动作或状态，用现在完成时；meet发生在got to know 这一过去动作之前，用过去完成时。 15. D。用一般现在时表示现在的特征或状态。 16. B。come, go, leave, arrive, take 等动词常用进行时表砂将来。 17. D。表示过去没有做某事应用去时。又因句子没有“过去正在进行”之意，帮排除A。 18. B。问对方“去了哪里”，指的是从过去某时到现在为止的动作，用现在完成时；第二个空格是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气和主句，条件状语从句If I hadn’ t got stuck in the heavy traffic 被省略。 19. C。在一个国际会议上被介绍显然发生在过去。 20. B。此句为复杂特殊疑问句结构，即“疑问词＋do you think （believe, suppose, expect, imagine, say, consider, guess等）＋其它（陈述语序）?”。 21. D。由but 分句中的现在时和答语所提建议内容，可知应选现在完成时的被动语态。 22. C。always, often, constantly, forever, all the time 等副词与现在（过去）进行时连用，表示某种反复发生的动作，往往带有厌恶、不满、责备或赞扬等意味。 23. B。这种电视产于上海是客观事实，故用一般现在时。 24. C。C项是was to have joined us in our discussion 的省略形式。was／were ＋ to have done表示原来计划、安排要做的事，而实际上并没有做。 25. B。当时他在听收音机。 26. D。表示按时刻表或日程安排要发生的事,应用一般现在时。 27. D。从句用的是一般现在时，故主句要用将来时。将来进行时表示在将来某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作。 28. A。Look at this!说明东西已找到。紧接着说是怎样找到的。 29. C。根据答语，问句中的meet是过去发生的动作，可排除A、D。但不能选B，因为没有构成“过去的过去”。答语中用过去完成时的被动语态表示在我到达（过去动作）之前他已被人用车接走。 30. D。“没听”发生在对方（过去）问问题时，故用过去进行时。 【模拟试题】 31. I used to drink a lot of tea but these days I coffee. A. prefer B. preferred C. have preferred D. am preferring 32. — Was the driving pleasant when you went to Mexico last summer? — No, it for four days when we arrived, so the roads were very muddy. A. was raining B. had been raining C. would be rainingD. rained 33. The vegetables didn’t taste very good. They too long. A. had been cookedB. were cooked C. had cooked D. cooked 34. — Remember the first time we met, Jim? — Of course I do. You in the library. A. were reading B. had read C. have read D. read 35. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I the cloth well. A. have told； washes B. have been told； washes C. was told； washed D. have been told； is washed 36. — What were you up to when your parents came in? — I for a while and some reading. A. was playing； was going to do B. played； did C. had played； was going to do D. had played； did 37. — Sorry, I forget to post the letter for you. — Never mind, it myself tonight. A. I’m going to post B. I’ve decided to post C. I’ll post D. I’d rather post 38. I should very much like to have gone to that party of theirs, but . A. I’m not invited B. I was not invited C. I have not been invited D. I had not been invited 39. — Is Tom still smoking? — No. By next Saturday he for a whole month without smoking a single cigarette. A. will go B. will have goneC. will have beenD. has been going 40. All but one take part in the conference tomorrow. A. is going to； that is to take place B. are going to； that is about to take place C. are going to； that is to be taken place D. are going to； which is to be held 41. — Are you a visitor here? — That’s right. I round the world and now my dream of coming to China true. A. have traveled； has come B. was traveling； had been come C. am traveling； has come D. have traveled； has been come 42. — Betty this morning? — Not yet, but she is sure to be here before noon. A. Have you seen B. Will you see C. Do you see D. Did you see 43. Jim talked for about half an hour yesterday. Never him talk so much. A. I heard B. did I hear C. I had heard D. had I heard 44. The children very quiet；I wonder what they up to. A. were； are being B. are being；are C. are；doD. are being；do 45. — Look at the black clouds. It soon. — Sure. If only we out. A. is raining； didn’t come B. is to rain； won’t start C. will rain； haven’t started D. is going to rain； hadn’t come 46. He articles for our wall-newspaper these three years, and he about forty articles. A. has been writing； has written B. has been writing； wrote C. is writing； has been writing D. has written； has written 47. She to the office than she got down to writing the report. A. has no sooner got B. had hardly got C. no sooner got D. had no sooner got 48. When he was alive, the old scientist used to say that knowledge from practice and he gained his experience by doing a lot of practical work. A. was coming B. had come C. comes D. would come 49. In this experiment, they are woken up several times during the night, and asked to report what they . A. had just been dreaming B. are just dreaming C. have just been dreaming D. had just dreamt 50. — What’s the matter? — The shoes don’t fit properly. They my feet. A. are hurting B. will hurt C. have hurt D. are hurt [参考答案] 31. A。此题选A表示现在的特征或状态。prefer属表示心理状态的动词，不能用于进时。 32. B。表示在过去某一动作之前一直在进行，并有可能继续下去的动作，要用过去完成进行时。 33. A。cook发生在didn’ t taste very good 之前，且与主语之间有被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。 。read 发生在the first time we met之时, 故用过去进行时。 35. B。动词wash, lock, sell, wear, write read, open, shut, clean等动词的主语是物，且又表示主语的特征或状态时，要用主动形式表示被动意义。 36. C。play 在came in 之前已完成，而do some reading 的动作则即将开始。 37. C。will／shall ＋v.表示临时的决定，而be going to 表示已决定或安排要做的事。 38. B。would ／ should like ＋ to have done表示过去未曾实现的愿望，故“未受邀请”应用一般过去时的被动语态。 。by 后跟将来的时间状语时，主句要用将来完成时。go without 意为“在缺……的情况下对付”。 40. D。all but one 主语是all，且all在此指人，故谓语动词用复数；take place 属不及物动词短语，无被动语态；be about to后面不能跟具体的时间状语。 41. C。由对话情景可知，“周游世界”是现在正在进行的动作，而“实现”是到说话时为止已完成的动作；come true不能用于被动语态。 42. A。询问到说话时为止一段时间内某动作是否发生，要用现在完成时。 43. D。hear 发生在talked这一过去动作之前；never是含有否定意义的副词，放在句首时，句子应用倒装语序。 44. B。be用于进行时可表示一个暂时的特点或表现。What they are up to相当于What they are doing。 45. D。根据目前迹象判断将要发生的动作用be going to；if only 意为“但愿”，其后的句子用虚拟语气。 46. A。由these three years可知应选现在完成进行时，表示“写”从过去一直延续至今，并有可能继续下去；“写了40 篇”用现在完成时，表示到现在为止已完成的动作。 47. D。no sooner...than和hardly（scarcely）...when 均表示“一……就……”，且主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。 48. C。宾语从句表示的是客观事实。 49. C。dream是从过去某时开始一延续到are woken up...and asked to report...这一现在动作之前的动作，故用现在完成进行时。 50. A。由What’ s the matter 和don’ t fit 可知，hurt是现在正在进行的动作。
中学英语涉及到的时态一共有16种，下面给大家准备了现在完成时用法说明，希望对大家复习备考有帮助。
高中英语十六种时态用法详解之现在完成时
1. 现在完成时的定义
现在完成时既可表示过去发生的动作对现在所造成的结果或影响(此时通常连用的时间状语有already, yet, just, ever, before)，也可表示动作从过去某时间开始，一直持续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去(此时通常连用的时间状语有this month / week / year, these days, recently / lately, in the past few + 时间段, since +时间点, for + 时间段)。如：
I have just finished my work. 我把工作做完。
Have you ever been to Beijing? 你曾经去过北京吗?
I have lived for ten years. 我在这儿住了十年了。
We have studied here since 2003. 我们自2003年来就在这儿读书了。
2. 现在完成时的结构
现在完成时由“have / has + 过去分词”构成。
3. 现在完成时的应用
(1) 非持续性动词go, come, leave, borrow, buy, die, join的完成时的肯定式不能与时间段连用，若要接用时间段状语，则应换成相应的持续动词或状态动词。如：
He has left. 他走了。
He has been away for an hour. 他走了一个小时了。
Can I borrow that book? 我可以借那本书吗?
How long can I keep the book? 这本书我可借多久?
注意：非持续性动词的否定完成时可与时间段状语连用。如：
He has not borrowed the book since then. 从此以后，他再也没有借这本书了。
(2) have / has been to 表示曾经去过某地，但现在不在那儿;have / has gone to表示现在已去某地，现在不在这儿。如：
He has been to Canada, but now he is working in our company. 他去过加拿大，现在在我们公司工作。
Mr. Li is not at home. He has gone to Shanghai. 李先生不在家，他去上海了。
(3) 完成时的肯定式常用already，而否定式和疑问句常用yet，但若already用于疑问句时，表示一种出乎意外的惊讶。如：
Have you read it already? 你就看完了?
4. 现在完成时与其他时态的区别
(1) 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：现在完成时强调动作的结果或对现在的影响，属于现在时的范畴;一般过去时强调动作所发生的时间，属于过去时的范畴。因此，过去时需跟过去时间连用或有表过去时间的上下文连用，而现在完成时不能与过去时间连用。如：
I read the book two weeks ago. 我两周前读了这本书。
I have read the book for two weeks. 这本书我读过两周了。
(2) 现在完成时与现在进行时：现在完成时强调动作持续到现在或刚结束;而现在进行时只强调目前的状态。如：
They have talked for about two hours. 他们谈了大约两个小时。(强调动作的持续)
They are talking. 他们在谈话。 (强调目前的状态)
高中英语十六种时态用法详解之过去进行时
1. 过去进行时的定义
过去进行时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。如：
I was having a talk with Li Hua at that time. 那时，我正在跟李华谈话。
I was watching TV at home last night. 昨晚我一直在看电视。
2. 过去进行时的结构
过去进行时由“was / were + 现在分词”构成。如：
I was doing my lessons then. 那时，我在做功课。
We were cleaning the house. 我们在打扫房子。
3. 使用过去进行时应注意的几点
(1) 过去进行时可表示按计划、安排过去某时刻将要发生的动作。如：
He said they were leaving for Beijing this afternoon. 他说他今天下午要去北京。
(2) 动词hope, wonder等的过去进行时常用来表示提出要求，虽然表示现在的内容，但语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉。如：
I was wondering whether you could come to join us. 我想你能否过来跟我们一起活动?
(3) 过去进行时中有always, forever, continually, constantly修饰时，表示说话人的赞赏或厌烦的感情。如：
He was always thinking of others. 他总是想到人家。
4. 过去进行时与一般过去时的区别
(1) 过去进行时强调动作在过去某时刻正在进行或持续，而一般过去时表示动作的完成。如：
He was writing his composition last night. 他昨晚在写作文。(不一定写完)
He wrote his composition last night. 他昨晚写了一篇作文。(已经写完)
(2) 表示过去的状态、感觉及心理活动的静态动词(如be, like, love, hate, fear, own, hear, see, know, want, notice)可用于一般过去时，但通常不用于进行时。如：
I hated it when a man spoke with his mouth full of food. 我讨厌人们说话时口里含着食物。
(3) 一般过去时与always, constantly, forever, continually等连用，表示“过去经常性、习惯性的动作”;而过去进行时与always, constantly, forever, continually等连用，表示动作的重复，常带有感情的色彩。如：
He always got up at six. 他过去总是六点起床。
He was always thinking of his work. 他总是一心想到工作。
(4) 有时过去进行时可以用来替换一般过去时，但一般过去时表示主语的行为是经过认真考虑的;而过去进行时表示一种较随便或没有进行仔细考虑的行为。如：
I thought that he would agree with us. 我原以为它会同意我们的。
I was thinking of persuading him to follow my advice. 我想到了要说服他接受我们的建议。
初中英语现在完成时
现在完成时，由“have/has+过去分词”构成，本文主要讲解初中英语现在完成时的基本结构、用法、常见考法等内容，希望通过本文能够提升大家对现在完成时的认知和运用。
初中语法之现在完成时,现在完成时的结构用法
什么是现在完成时？
现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果或表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在。
现在完成时的基本结构
初中语法之现在完成时,现在完成时的结构用法
现在完成时：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词（V-ed）+其他）
过去分词变化规则如下：
1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：
(1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited
(2)以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live---lived---lived ,
(3)以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 "y" 变为 "i" ，再加“ ed ”。
study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried
(4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。
stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped
2 、 不规则动词变化需参看不规则动词表逐一熟记。例如; cut- cut- cut,hit-- hit-- hit.
现在完成时的用法
初中语法之现在完成时,现在完成时的结构用法
1 、现在完成时用来表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在，强调的是现在。
例如：I have already posted the photo.我已经把照片寄走了。强调post对现在的影响“照片不在这里”。
2、现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示），常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的 句子 ）连用.谓语动词必须是延续性动词。例如：
He has lived here since 1978.自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1978年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。)
注意：for和since的用法。
①for+时段 为…时间
②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）
③since+时段+ago
④since+从句（过去时）
⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）
注：瞬间动词（buy,die,join,lose……）不能直接与for 或since 引导的时间段连用。要改变成延续性动词。 变化如下：
come/arrive/reach/get to-----be in go out----be out finish----be over open----be open die----be dead Buy---have Fall ill---be ill Come back---be back Put on ---be on/wear Worry---be worried Catch a cold---have a cold
现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用，如already（肯定）, yet（否定，疑问）, just, before, recently,still, lately,never等.
例如:He has already finished the work..
现在完成时的常见考法
对于现在完成时的考查，多以单选、句型转换或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的 能力。在考试中，会让大家判断是否该用现在完成时，或者是考查“瞬间动词”不能与表示一段时间的状语连用”这一知识点。
典型例题1：His father_____the party since 1978
joined in been in
解析：本题考查学生对现在完成时的熟练掌握。 since 1978表达“自从1978年一直到现在”，表示这件事情从过去一直持续到现在，应该用现在完成时，而且动词必须是延续性动词，AB均为瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，故排除；C为一般过去时，也不行。
答案：D.
一般过去时和现在完成时的用法区别是我们要注意的地方。要牢记：
一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。
如： yesterday, last week , two years ago ,just now ,in 2002 等；而现在完成时则常与 just ,already ,ever ,never 等副词和 these days ,this week ,since ......, for ...... 等表示一段时间的状语连用。现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响和结果，而一般过去时与现在没有联系，只是说明某个动作发生的时间是在过去。
典型例题2： —______ you ___ your homework yet ?
—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .
; do ; finished ; done ; finished ; done ; have finished
解析：本题考查一般过去时和现在完成时的用法区别。问句中的yet表明应该用现在完成时，而回答中的a moment ago 是一个表示过去的时间状语，应该用一般过去时。
今天，我为同学们带来了相当丰富的与英语现在完成时的相关语法测试题，一起来看看吧。
题目要求：将下面的句子翻译成英文
1．你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？
2. 我刚刚丢了我的化学书。
3. 我以前从来没去过那个农场。
4. 他已经吃过午饭
5. 你已经看过这部电影了吗？
6. 我哥哥还没回来。
7.这本字典我已买了三年了。
8.他离开中国三年了。
9.我认识他们五年了。
10.他们已去了美国五年了。
11.自从他搬到济宁，他就住这儿了。
12.我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。
13.自从1999年以来他们就认识。
14.我来到这个学校已3年多了。
参考答案：
1. Have you ever had / eaten fish and chips?
2. I have just lost my chemistry book.
3. I have never been to the farm before.
4. He has already had lunch = He has had lunch already.
5. Have you seen the movie yet?
6. My brother hasn’t come /get / been back yet = My brother hasn’t returned yet.
7. I have had this dictionary for three years / since three years ago.
8. Has been away from China for three years.
9. I have known them for five years.
10. They have been in the USA for five years.
11. He has been here since he moved to Jining.
12. My sister has been a college student for three years = My sister has been in college for three years.
13. They have known each other since 1999.
14. I have been in this school for over three years.
初中语法之现在完成时相关 文章 ：
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2. 2017中考英语现在完成时专项习题及答案
3. 初中英语语法八大时态总结
4. 初中英语语法16种英语时态汇总
5. 英语必考时态结构之现在完成时
6. 小学英语五年级语法讲解:现在完成时
7. 初中英语必须掌握的19个重点语法知识点
8. 初中英语的八大时态
9. 初中英语语法大汇总
10. 初中英语中的常见语法
现在完成时是初中英语语法中的重点和难点之一，也是中考的重点考点。下面是我整理的内容，供大家参考。
①肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词；
②否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词；
③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词；
④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词）。
1、考查现在完成时的构成
这一点相对比较简单，大家只要记住，现在完成时是由助动词have/has加动词过去分词。除了当主语是第三人称单数的时候用has，其余都用have。
2、考查现在完成时的基本用法
现在完成时的基本用法有两种，一种是表示一个动作发生在过去并且终止于过去，强调这个动作对现在造成的影响多结果。
3、考查延续性动词与非延续性动词
延续性动词和非延续性动词都可以用于现在完成时，但非延续性动词用于现在完成时的时候，一般不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，除了其否定形式。而延续性动词可以与for加一段时间连用，或者是since加时间点等。
1.共同点：动作都是在过去完成。
例：I saw the film yesterday evening.
I have seen the film before.（看电影这件事都是在过去完成的。）
2.不同点：
①现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响和结果，而一般过去时与现在没有联系，只是说明某个动作发生的时间是在过去。
②一般过去时通常与具体明确的过去时间状语连用。如yesterday, last week , two years ago，just now，in 2002 等；而现在完成时则常与 just ,already ,ever ,never 等模糊的过去时间状语和 these days ,this week ,since..., for... 等表示一段时间的状语连用。
关于初中英语语法之现在完成时的用法介绍
初中英语现在完成时语法大全精讲
英语中现在完成时语法知识，相信同学们还熟悉吧，下面我们来学习。
现在完成时
现在完成时表示一个发生在过去的、对现在仍有影响的动作,或表示开始在过去,并且一直延续到现在,甚至还可能延续下去的动作。
①在完成时由“助动词have (has)+动词的`过去分词”构成。
②表示发生在过去的对现在仍有影响的动作时,时间状语有：already, yet, just, once, twice,ever, never,three times, before等。如：I have never seen such fine pictures before. (我以前从来没有看过这么好的画)/ He has just gone to England.(他刚去英国)
③表示在过去开始一直延续到现在(可能延续下去)的动作或状态时,时间状语有：for (two years),since 1990, since (two weeks ago)和since引导的状语从句。如：I have been away from my hometown for thirty years.(我离开家乡有30年了)/ Uncle Wang has worked in the factory since it opened.(自从这家工厂开张,王叔叔一直在那儿工作)
④口语中have got往往表示have(有)的意思。如：They have got thousands of books in their library.(他们图书馆有上万本书)
⑤have been to与have gone to的区别：have gone to(“已经去了”)表示人不在这里,have been to(“去过”)表示人在这里。如：--Where is Mr Li? –He has gone to the UK.(李先生在哪里？他去了英国。)/ --Do you know something about Beijing? –Yes,I have been to Beijing three times. (你知道北京的情况吗？是的,我去过那里三次。)
⑥在完成时中,一个瞬间性动词(一次性动作)不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,此时须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词。
上面对现在完成时英语语法知识的讲解学习，同学们都能很好的掌握了吧，相信同学们会在考试中做的很好的。
初中英语现在完成时教学视频
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链接:
高途初三英语张馨月（暑假班）（高清视频）
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初中英语语法现在完成时
初中英语语法大全之现在完成时
通常情况下，现在完成时是表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在并且有可能还会持续的动作或状态。下面就是老师为同学们带来的对现在完成时的详细讲解，供同学们学习的参考。接下来我为你带来初中英语语法大全之现在完成时，希望对你有帮助。
知识点总结
现在完成时指的是过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果，过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在并且有可能还会持续的动作或状态。
一、基本结构：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词
①肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+宾语.
②否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词）+宾语.
③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+宾语.
④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词（V-ed）+其他）
过去分词变化规则如下：
1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：
（1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited
(2)以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live---lived---lived ,
(3)以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 "y" 变为 "i" ，再加“ ed ”。
study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried
(4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。
stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped
2 、 不规则动词变化需参看不规则动词表逐一熟记。例如; cut- cut- cut,hit-- hit-- hit.
二、用法
1 、现在完成时用来表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在，强调的是现在。
例如：I have already posted the photo.我已经把照片寄走了。强调post对现在的影响“照片不在这里”。
2、现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示），常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.谓语动词必须是延续性动词。例如：He has lived here since 1978.自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1978年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。)
注意：for和since的用法。
①for+时段 为…时间
②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）
③since+时段+ago
④since+从句（过去时）
⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）
注：瞬间动词（buy,die,join,lose……）不能直接与for 或since 引导的时间段连用。要改变成延续性动词。 变化如下： come/arrive/reach/get to-----be in go out----be out finish----be over open----be open die----be dead Buy---have Fall ill---be ill Come back---be back Put on ---be on/wear Worry---be worried Catch a cold---have a cold
三、现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用， 如already（肯定）, yet（否定，疑问）, just, before, recently,still, lately,never等.
例如:He has already finished the work..
常见考法
对于现在完成时的考查，多以单选、句型转换或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的能力。在考试中，会让大家判断是否该用现在完成时，或者是考查“瞬间动词”不能与表示一段时间的状语连用”这一知识点。
典型例题1：His father_____the party since 1978
joined in been in
解析：本题考查学生对现在完成时的熟练掌握。 since 1978表达“自从1978年一直到现在”，表示这件事情从过去一直持续到现在，应该用现在完成时，而且动词必须是延续性动词，AB均为瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，故排除；C为一般过去时，也不行。
答案；D.
误区提醒
一般过去时和现在完成时的用法区别是我们要注意的地方。要牢记：
一般过去时通常与表示过去的.时间状语连用。如： yesterday, last week , two years ago ,just now ,in 2002 等；而现在完成时则常与 just ,already ,ever ,never 等副词和 these days ,this week ,since ......, for ...... 等表示一段时间的状语连用。现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响和结果，而一般过去时与现在没有联系，只是说明某个动作发生的时间是在过去。
典型例题1： —______ you ___ your homework yet ?
—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .
; do ; finished ; done ; finished ; done ; have finished
解析：本题考查一般过去时和现在完成时的用法区别。问句中的yet表明应该用现在完成时，而回答中的a moment ago 是一个表示过去的时间状语，应该用一般过去时。
答案： B
上面关于对现在完成时的讲解，希望同学们都能懂！不懂得可以和同学们一起交流哦！
初中英语语法大全：动词的种类
关于英语中动词的种类知识，希望同学们很好的掌握下面的内容学习。
动词的种类
动词是表示动作或状态的词，按其词义和在句子中的作用可分为行为动词，连系动词，助动词和情态动词。
1．行为动词
行为动词可分为及物动词 (vt)和不及物动词(vi)，及物动词表示动作或状态，有完整的词义，能单独作谓语，后跟宾语；不及物动词表示动作或状态，有完整的词义，能单独作谓语，但后面不能直接跟宾语，如要带宾语则与介词或副词构成短语。
如：
More and more people study English.(vt)
The students are listening to the teacher carefully.(vi)
2．连系动词
连系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有 be, get, turn, become, look, feel, grow, seem, sound, taste, smell等。
如：
Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.
It feels damp.
3．助动词
助动词本身无词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词，表示否定，疑问及动词的时态、语态、人称和数等语法特征，助动词有 be,do,have,shall,will等。
如：
How do you usually come to school?
The children are playing yo-yo now.
4．情态动词
情态动词本身有一定的意义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。情态动词有 can (could),may(might),must, need, ought to, dare等。
如：
Can I help you?
- Must we go now? -No, you needn't .
a. can与be able to的用法有所区别。can只用于一般现在时和过去时，指本身有能力的"能"；be able to用于各种时态均可，指须经过努力而"能"。
b. must与have/has to的用法。must表示说话人主观认为"必须"，只用于一般现在时和一般将来时；have/has to表示客观需要，意为"不得不"，它可用于各种时态。
c．need和dare既可作情态动词也可作行为动词。
现在完成时，由“have/has+过去分词”构成，本文主要讲解初中英语现在完成时的基本结构、用法、常见考法等内容，希望通过本文能够提升大家对现在完成时的认知和运用。
初中语法之现在完成时,现在完成时的结构用法
什么是现在完成时？
现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果或表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在。
现在完成时的基本结构
初中语法之现在完成时,现在完成时的结构用法
现在完成时：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词（V-ed）+其他）
过去分词变化规则如下：
1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：
(1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited
(2)以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live---lived---lived ,
(3)以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 "y" 变为 "i" ，再加“ ed ”。
study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried
(4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。
stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped
2 、 不规则动词变化需参看不规则动词表逐一熟记。例如; cut- cut- cut,hit-- hit-- hit.
现在完成时的用法
初中语法之现在完成时,现在完成时的结构用法
1 、现在完成时用来表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在，强调的是现在。
例如：I have already posted the photo.我已经把照片寄走了。强调post对现在的影响“照片不在这里”。
2、现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示），常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的 句子 ）连用.谓语动词必须是延续性动词。例如：
He has lived here since 1978.自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1978年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。)
注意：for和since的用法。
①for+时段 为…时间
②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）
③since+时段+ago
④since+从句（过去时）
⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）
注：瞬间动词（buy,die,join,lose……）不能直接与for 或since 引导的时间段连用。要改变成延续性动词。 变化如下：
come/arrive/reach/get to-----be in go out----be out finish----be over open----be open die----be dead Buy---have Fall ill---be ill Come back---be back Put on ---be on/wear Worry---be worried Catch a cold---have a cold
现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用，如already（肯定）, yet（否定，疑问）, just, before, recently,still, lately,never等.
例如:He has already finished the work..
现在完成时的常见考法
对于现在完成时的考查，多以单选、句型转换或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的 能力。在考试中，会让大家判断是否该用现在完成时，或者是考查“瞬间动词”不能与表示一段时间的状语连用”这一知识点。
典型例题1：His father_____the party since 1978
joined in been in
解析：本题考查学生对现在完成时的熟练掌握。 since 1978表达“自从1978年一直到现在”，表示这件事情从过去一直持续到现在，应该用现在完成时，而且动词必须是延续性动词，AB均为瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，故排除；C为一般过去时，也不行。
答案：D.
一般过去时和现在完成时的用法区别是我们要注意的地方。要牢记：
一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。
如： yesterday, last week , two years ago ,just now ,in 2002 等；而现在完成时则常与 just ,already ,ever ,never 等副词和 these days ,this week ,since ......, for ...... 等表示一段时间的状语连用。现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响和结果，而一般过去时与现在没有联系，只是说明某个动作发生的时间是在过去。
典型例题2： —______ you ___ your homework yet ?
—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .
; do ; finished ; done ; finished ; done ; have finished
解析：本题考查一般过去时和现在完成时的用法区别。问句中的yet表明应该用现在完成时，而回答中的a moment ago 是一个表示过去的时间状语，应该用一般过去时。
今天，我为同学们带来了相当丰富的与英语现在完成时的相关语法测试题，一起来看看吧。
题目要求：将下面的句子翻译成英文
1．你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？
2. 我刚刚丢了我的化学书。
3. 我以前从来没去过那个农场。
4. 他已经吃过午饭
5. 你已经看过这部电影了吗？
6. 我哥哥还没回来。
7.这本字典我已买了三年了。
8.他离开中国三年了。
9.我认识他们五年了。
10.他们已去了美国五年了。
11.自从他搬到济宁，他就住这儿了。
12.我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。
13.自从1999年以来他们就认识。
14.我来到这个学校已3年多了。
参考答案：
1. Have you ever had / eaten fish and chips?
2. I have just lost my chemistry book.
3. I have never been to the farm before.
4. He has already had lunch = He has had lunch already.
5. Have you seen the movie yet?
6. My brother hasn’t come /get / been back yet = My brother hasn’t returned yet.
7. I have had this dictionary for three years / since three years ago.
8. Has been away from China for three years.
9. I have known them for five years.
10. They have been in the USA for five years.
11. He has been here since he moved to Jining.
12. My sister has been a college student for three years = My sister has been in college for three years.
13. They have known each other since 1999.
14. I have been in this school for over three years.
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10. 初中英语中的常见语法
现在完成时是初中英语语法中的重点和难点之一，也是中考的重点考点。下面是我整理的内容，供大家参考。
①肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词；
②否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词；
③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词；
④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词）。
1、考查现在完成时的构成
这一点相对比较简单，大家只要记住，现在完成时是由助动词have/has加动词过去分词。除了当主语是第三人称单数的时候用has，其余都用have。
2、考查现在完成时的基本用法
现在完成时的基本用法有两种，一种是表示一个动作发生在过去并且终止于过去，强调这个动作对现在造成的影响多结果。
3、考查延续性动词与非延续性动词
延续性动词和非延续性动词都可以用于现在完成时，但非延续性动词用于现在完成时的时候，一般不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，除了其否定形式。而延续性动词可以与for加一段时间连用，或者是since加时间点等。
1.共同点：动作都是在过去完成。
例：I saw the film yesterday evening.
I have seen the film before.（看电影这件事都是在过去完成的。）
2.不同点：
①现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响和结果，而一般过去时与现在没有联系，只是说明某个动作发生的时间是在过去。
②一般过去时通常与具体明确的过去时间状语连用。如yesterday, last week , two years ago，just now，in 2002 等；而现在完成时则常与 just ,already ,ever ,never 等模糊的过去时间状语和 these days ,this week ,since..., for... 等表示一段时间的状语连用。
