摘要：
英语定语从句例句代变化一、词引导的定语从句1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词句子成分 用于限制从句或非限制性从句 只用于限制性从句代替人 代替物 代替... 英语定语从句例句代变化
一、词引导的定语从句
1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词
句子成分 用于限制从句或非限制性从句 只用于限制性从句
代替人 代替物 代替人或物
主语 Who which that
主语 Whom which that
宾语 Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which)
例1：This is the detective who came from London.
例2：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.
例3：The desk whose leg is broken is very old.
例4：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.
2.关系代词的用法
(1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如：
All the people that are present burst into tears.
(2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。例如：
(3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。
定语 定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的'，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语)或句子，汉语中常用的表示。主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。
如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.
2) You must do everything that I do.
上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。
引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why
关系词常有三个作用：
1、引导定语从句
2、代替先行词
3、在定语从句中担当一个成分
1. This is an old computer which\that works much . They stayed with me for three weeks during which time they drunk all the wine I . The picture (that) we are looking at was drawn by a fifteen-year-old . The picture at which we are looking was drawn by a fifteen-year-old . I have many students to whom I am going to send . You’re the only one whose advice he might listen . I’d like a room whose window looks out over the . The explorer took only such men and things as he really needed into the . Such people as have made great contributions to the world should be greatly . Let’s meet at the same place as we did yesterday.
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，例如she is a girl who has a dream，这是一个限制性定语从句；，而非限制性定语从句Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris.
在定语从句中作一个成分——主语，宾语，状语，定语，表语。五．什么是先行词？被定语从句所修饰的词是先行词。当先行词为不定代词all时Mr. Li does all that he can to do his work well.③ 当先行词被all, some, any修饰时These are all the things that I have done today.④ 当先行词被the only, the very 修饰时This is the only computer that he often turns to for help.
肯定句变否定句英语例句
肯定句变否定句的方法如下：
1、首先，要看肯定句中是否有情态动词，如果有情态动词，直接在情态动词后面加not即可，同时句中如果有some，some就要变成any。
肯定句：Mike can help you solve the problem.译文：迈克可以帮你解决那个问题。
否定句：Mike can't help you solve the problem. 译文：迈克不能帮你解决那个问题。
2、如果肯定句中没有情态动词，那就要看句中有无be动词的相应形式，如果有，直接在be动词后面加not，句中有some，some变any。
肯定句：I am an English teacher.译文：我是一名英语老师。
否定句：I‘m not an English teacher.译文：我不是一名英语老师。
3、如果肯定句中既没有情态动词，也没有be动词，那么就要用相应的助动词加上not来变换，句中有some，some变any。
肯定句：She likes helping others.译文：她喜欢帮助别人。
否定句：She doesn't like helping others.译文：她不喜欢帮助别人。
1.主系表结构的句子 I am a I am not a teacher. He is in He is not in Beijing. We are We are not classmates. It was cold It was not cold yesterday. 这些句子中都有系词,am,is,are,was,were,只要在系词后面+not ,就变成否定句了. 2.主谓宾的句子 He runs He doesn't run fast.主语是三单人称,do也要用三单形式does They learn from They don't learn from me. We went to school by bike .----- We didn't go to school by bike.谓语动词是过去式,do也要变过去式did 这些句子中都有谓语动词,只要在主语后面+do的适当形式+not 就行了. 3.句中有助动词或情态动词的 I will get up earlier I will not get up earlier tomorrow. She can dance She can't dance well. He has gone He has not gone abroad. 只需要在助动词或情态动词后面直接+not ,就可以变否定句了. OK?希望能帮到你啊!
肯定句变否定句20个例子英语如下：
1、I think she is there.
否：I don't think she is there.
2、He can sing this song and that one.
否：He cannot sing this song or that one.
3、Tom went to school too.
否：Tom didn't go to school either.
4、He has had supper already.
否：He hasn't had supper yet.
5、He had a good rest just now.
否：He didn't have a good rest just now.
6、Let's do it.
否：Don't let's do it.或Let's not do it.
7、He always gets there on time.
否：He never gets there on time.
肯定句变否定句方法：
1、be动词的否定式。
be 动词根据不同的人称和时态有不同的形式，在一般现在时中是am , is , are可用作联系动词，构成否定式时，一律在其后面加否定词not.
He is reading.——He is not reading. They are from China. ——They are not from China.
2、情态动词的否定式。
情态动词的否定式是在其后面直接加not. 如：
I can swim. ——I can't swim. He can dance. —— He can't dance. You should go to school at seven. ——You shouldn't go to school at seven.
3、实义动词的否定句。
实义动词变否定句时，要借助助动词do , does，在一般现在时中用do或者does其句子结构为：主语+ don't / doesn't+动词原形+其它 。
定语从句英语例句
一、词引导的定语从句
1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词
句子成分 用于限制从句或非限制性从句 只用于限制性从句
代替人 代替物 代替人或物
主语 Who which that
主语 Whom which that
宾语 Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which)
例1：This is the detective who came from London.
例2：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.
例3：The desk whose leg is broken is very old.
例4：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.
2.关系代词的用法
(1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如：
All the people that are present burst into tears.
(2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。例如：
(3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。
定语 定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的'，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语)或句子，汉语中常用的表示。主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。
如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.
2) You must do everything that I do.
上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。
引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why
关系词常有三个作用：
1、引导定语从句
2、代替先行词
3、在定语从句中担当一个成分
定语从句例句
1.你昨天错过的会议非常重要.
The meeting that you have missed yesterday was very important.
2.正在做演讲的女孩是我们班的班长.
The girl who is making a speech right now is our monitor.
3.我昨天打坏的花瓶是很昂贵的.
The vase that I broke yesterday was very expensive.
4.昨天帮助了你的男孩是我的邻居.
The boy who helped you yesterday is my neighbour.
5.这正是我所感兴趣的话题.
That's just the topic that I'm very interested in.
6.这是那个给我提供了宝贵机会的老板.
He is just the boss who gave me that valueable opportunity.
7.这个话题是我感到厌倦的.
This is the topic/theme that I'm tired of.
8.他是那个帮助了我的老师.
He is the teacher who helped me.
9.我们很喜欢那个很幽默的演讲者.
We all like that speaker who is very humourous.
10.两个女儿都是教师的那个老奶奶是我们的邻居.
定语从句句子
1. 翻译定语从句句子
1).Everything that is around us is matter.我们周围的一切都是物质
2).He is the only one among us that knows French.他是我们中唯一懂法语的人。
3).I know the reason why he came late.我知道他来迟的原因。
4).Certain ideas, principles, and laws often form the foundation on which other ideas, principles and laws of a science are constructed.一些思想、原则和法律往往会成为其他思想、原则和法律赖以形成的基础。
5).Stainless steels must contain a minimum of 10% chromium.This is the reason why they are stainless.不锈钢至少要含有10%的铬，这就是不锈钢不生锈的原因。
6).Electrical energy that is supplied to a lamp can be turned into light energy.供照明的电能可以转化为光能。
7).An electric field is a space where an electric force exists.电场就是电力存在的空间。
8).The house whose roof was damaged has now been repaired.屋顶坏了的房子现在已经修好。
9).Shanghai is the place where he was born.上海是他出生的地方。
10).The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him.在他手下工作的人对他怕的要死。
11).The force that causes everything to fall toward the ground is called gravity.使所有物体落向地面的力称为重力。
12).Substances which allow electricity to flow through freely are called conductors.电流能顺利通过的物体称为导体。
13).The car whose engine broke down was bought last month.发动机坏掉的`那辆车是上个月买的。
14).A rocket engine can work in space where there is no air.火箭发动机能在没有空气的太空中工作。
15).We could not really feel satisfied, calm or in agreement with the situation with which we are faced at the beginning of this session of the General Assembly.我们对本界联大开始时所面临的局势难以感到满意，也难以感到心安理得。
16).They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives.他们正在为实现一个理想而努力，这个理想是每个中国人所珍爱的，在过去，许多中国人曾为这个理想而牺牲了自己的生命。
17).He unselfishly contributed his uncommon talents and indefatigable spirit to the struggle which today brings those aims within the reach of a majority of the human race.他把自己非凡的才智和不倦的精力无私地献给了这种斗争，这种斗争今天以使人类中大多数人可以达到这些目标。
18).He said there was never anything happening in his family he was ashamed of.他说他们家可从来没有出现过见不得人的事儿。
19).There is a man downstairs who wants to see you.楼下有人要见你。
20).There are some countries in the world where there is little rain at any time.世界上有些国家终年少雨。
2.翻译定语从句句子
1).Silver is a conductor, which allows electric current to flow easily.银是一种导体，它可以让电流很容易地通过。
2).Days and nights are very long on the moon, where one day is as long as two weeks on the earth.月球上的白天和黑夜都相当长，那里的一天等于地球上的两周。
3).Metals are very strong and can be made into any required shapes, which makes it possible to be widely used in industry.金属坚硬，又可加工成任何所需的形状，这使它能在工业上得以广泛应用。
4).Transistors, which are small in size, can make previously large and bulky radios light and small.体积小的晶体管使先前那种大而苯的收音机变得既轻又小。（前置）
5).He liked his sister, who was warm and pleasant, but he did not like his brother, who was aloof and arrogant.他喜欢热情愉快的妹妹，而不喜欢冷漠高傲的哥哥。（前置）
6).You can break up a beam of incoherent light with a prism, which is made of glass.你能用玻璃制的棱镜分解一束非相干光。（前置）
7).Mr Smith, who came to see me yesterday, is a relative of my wife’s.史密斯先生昨天来看过我，他是我妻子的亲戚。（独立句）
8).Machine tools have various uses, one of which is to make holes in metal.机床有多种用途，其中之一是在金属上钻孔。（后置）
9).After dinner, four key negotiators resumed their talks, which continued well into the night.饭后，四个主要谈判人物再继续进行会谈，一直谈到深夜。
10).Like charges repel, but opposite ones attract, which is one of the fundamental laws of electricity.同性电荷相斥，异性电荷相吸，这是电的基本法则之一
11).She has two brothers, who are both doctors.她有两个兄弟。他们都是医生。（独立句）
12).We will put off the party until next week, when we won’t be so busy.我们把聚会推迟到下星期。那时我们不会这样忙。（独立句）
13).Semi–conductor is a new kind of material, which has found a wide use in electronic industry.半导体是一种新型材料，已广泛应用于电子工业。
14).There are some new terms in the article, the meanings of which may be difficult to the students.这篇文章中有些新的术语，它们的意思可能使学生感到困难。
15).Galileo, who made the first telescope, died in 1624.伽利略死于1642年，他制造了第一架望远镜。
16).The most important form of energy is electric energy, which is widely used in our daily life.电能是最重要的能量形式，它广泛用于我们的日常生活中。
17).Burgess and Richard Hoagland contacted Carl Sagan, who greeted the idea enthusiastically.伯吉斯和理查德.霍格兰同卡尔.萨根取得了联系，卡尔满腔热情地接受了这个想法。
18).He had talked to Nixon, who assured him that everything that could be done would be done.他和尼克松谈过话。尼克松向他保证，凡是能够做到的都会竭尽全力去做。
19).Once was a violent thunderstorm, the worst I had ever seen, which obscured my objective.有一次是暴风骤雨，是我平生见到最猛烈的。这阵暴风雨遮住了我的目标。
20).Electronic computers, which make it possible to free man from the labour of complex measurements and computations, have found wide application in engineering.电子计算机在工程技术上已获得广泛应用，它使人可能摆脱复杂的测量和计算工作。
3.翻译定语从句句子
1).Congress, which had met to continue its protests to the Crown, found itself raising an army and selecting George Washington as its commander in chief.代表大会先前已集会决定继续向英皇提抗议，而现在则发展到募集军队并推选乔治.华盛顿为总司令了。
2).Atoms, which are very, very small, can be broken down into still smaller particles.原子虽然很小很小，但仍能分解成更小的粒子。
3).We have to oil the moving parts of the machine, the friction of which may be greatly reduced.我们必须给机器的传动部分加油，以便使摩擦大大减少。
4).Men became desperate for work, any work, which will help them to keep alive their families.人们极其迫切地要求工作，只要它能维持一家人的生活就行。
5).However, iceberg water could be extremely cheap for some countries when compared with desalination, a process which requires much more fuel and much more money.不过，对某些国家来讲，用冰山化水与海水脱盐相比，冰山化水的费用可能极为便宜，因为脱盐过程需要更多燃料和更多的资金。
6).An automatic production line is excellent for the automotive industry where thousands of identical parts are produced.自动生产线最适用于汽车工业，因为那里要生产成千上万个同样的零件。
7).Rubber is a light, elastic, durable and water-resistant material, which makes rubber industry very important.橡胶是一种质轻、富有弹性、经久耐用和防水的材料，因此橡胶工业十分重要。
8).John, whose wife is ill, cannot come to the party.约翰不能来参加聚会，他妻子病了。
9).The computer, which seems to play the role of a human brain, is often called an electronic brain.由于电子计算机似乎起着类似人脑的作用，所以常被称作电脑。
10).Behaviourists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.行为主义者认为，如果一个儿童在有许多刺激物的环境中成长，而这些刺激物能够发展其作出适当反应的能力，那么这个儿童将会有更高的智力发展。
11).Matter has certain features or properties that enable us to recognize it easily.物质具有一定的特征或特性，因此能使我们很容易地识别出来。
12).Potential energy that is not so obvious as kinetic energy exists in many things.虽然势能不象动能那样明显，但它存在于许多动物之中。
13).There is a minimum size for the reactor at which the chain reaction will just work .反应堆有一个最起码的尺寸，以使链式反应正好维持下去。
14).The remainder of the atom from which one or more electrons are removed must be positively charged.如果从原子中移走一个或多个电子，则该原子的其余部分必定带正电。
15).A gas occupies all of any container in which it is placed.无论将气体装在什么容器里，它都会把容器充满。
16).Mechanical energy is changed into electric energy, which in turn is changed into mechanical energy.机械能转变为电能，而电能又转变为机械能。
17).Man can not live on the moon, where there is no air and water.人不能在月球上住，那里没有空气和水。
18).World war II was, however, more complex than World War I, which was a collision among the imperialist powers over the spoils of markets, resources and territories.第一次世界大战是帝国主义列强之间争夺市场、资源和领土的冲突，而第二次世界大战却比第一次复杂。(表原因)
19).They tried to stamp out the revolt, which spread all the more furiously throughout the country.他们企图扑灭反抗，结果反抗愈加猛烈，遍及全国。（译成结果状语从句）
20).My assistant, who had carefully read through the instructions before doing his experiment, could not obtain satisfactory results, because he followed them mechanically.虽然我的助手在实验以前从头到尾地阅读过说明书，但由于他死搬硬套还是未能得到满意的结果。（译成让步状语从句）
英语定语从句例句
1. This is an old computer which\that works much slower.2. They stayed with me for three weeks during which time they drunk all the wine I had.3. The picture (that) we are looking at was drawn by a fifteen-year-old student.4. The picture at which we are looking was drawn by a fifteen-year-old student.5. I have many students to whom I am going to send postcards.6. You’re the only one whose advice he might listen to.7. I’d like a room whose window looks out over the sea.8. The explorer took only such men and things as he really needed into the jungle.9. Such people as have made great contributions to the world should be greatly respected.10. Let’s meet at the same place as we did yesterday.
The house（先行词）that（关系词）we built last year is very attractive.基本概念：先行词，被修饰的名词等成分通常叫做先行词；关系词：连接先行词和定语从句的词是关系词。你可以试着找一下这个句子的先行词和关系词：Pumas are large,cat-like animals that are foud in America. 原创希望有用，呵呵
1、I went to visit the American author who wrote a number of books about China.——我去拜访了一位美国作家，他写了许多关于中国的书。
2、I ate the soup my aunt prepared.——我吃了姨妈做的汤。
3、I have an arrangement with my bank, by which they let me use their money and repay them next month.——我和我的银行达成了协议，他们允许我用他们的钱，并于下个月偿还。
4、He sent her a letter, in which he said that he was sorry for what he had done to her.——他给她写了一封信，信中说他为自己对她所做的一切感到抱歉。
5、Mr. Brown, who just came from Britain yesterday, will teach us accounting this term.——昨天刚从英国回来的布朗先生这学期将教我们会计课。她打算去海南过寒假，在那里她有一些亲戚。
6、She is going to spend the winter holidays in Hainan, where she has some relatives.——她要去海南过寒假，她在那里有些亲戚。
在复合句中 ， 修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句， 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 ， 引导定语从句的有关系代词 who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when, why等 ， 关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。
1.由who引导的定语从句中 ， who用作主语 ， 如 ： This is the boy who often helps me.
2.由whom引导的定语从句中，whom用作宾语，如：The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.
3.由whose引导的定语从句中 ， whose用作定语 ， 如 ： Do you know the girl whose skirt is white?
4.由which引导的定语从句中，which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语，如：
The room in which there is a machine is a work shop.
The river which is in front of my house is very clean.
This is the pen which you want.
注意 ：
(1)whom, which用作介词宾语时 ， 介词可放在 whom、which之前 ， 也可放在从句原来的位置上；但在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。如： He is the very person whom we must take good care of.
(2)引导非限制性定语从句时，必须用关系代词which，不用that,如：I have lost
my bag, which I like very much.
(3)关系代词在句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。
5.由that引导的定语从句中，that可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语，如：
The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun.
注意在下面几种情况下必须用 that引导定语从句。
(1)先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等 ， 如 ：
All that we have to do is to practise English.
(2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，如
The first letter that I got from him will be kept.
(3)先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰 ， 如
I've eaten up all the food that you gave me.
(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时如
He is the only person that I want to talk with.
(5)先行词既有人又有物时，如:
They talked about persons and things that they met.
(6)当句中已有who时 ， 为避免重复 ， 如 ： Who is the man that is giving us the
class?
6.由when, where, why引导的定语从句，如:
I don't know the reason why he was late.
This is the place where we have lived for 5 years.
I'll never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time.
注意：先行词是表示地点时，如果从句的谓语动词是及物的，就用 that(which)，如果从句的谓语动词是不及物的，就用where引导。This is the house Which /that he has lived in for 15 years.(Where he has lived for 15 year.)
7. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
(1)限制性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, of which等，这些关系代词都不能省略。
(2)非限制性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明 ， 没有这种从句 ， 不影响主句意思的完整 ， 一般用逗号把主句和从句分开 ， 关系代词用 which,不用that;指人时可用who,如 ： I have two brothers, who are both students.
8．如何简化定语从句
（1）.定语从句简化为形容词或形容词短语作后置定语。如:
My grandfather lives in a village that is far away from here.
→My grandfather lives in a village far away from here.我祖父住在离这儿很远的一个村子。
This is a book that is worth reading.
→This is a book worth reading. 这是一本值得看的书。
（2） 定语从句简化为现在分词或现在分词短语作前置或后置定语。
The man who is standing under the tree is our English teacher.
→The man standing under the tree is our English teacher.
站在树下面的那个人是我们的英语老师。
I saw the house that was burning at that time.→I saw the burning house at that time.
当时我看到那房子在燃烧。
（3）定语从句简化为过去分词短语作后置定语。
I like to see the films which are directed by Zhang Yimou.→I like to see the films directed by Zhang Yimou. 我喜欢看张艺谋导演的电影。
She is the girl who was praised at the school meeting.→She is the girl praised at the school meeting. 她就是在校会上受表彰的那个女孩。
（4）定语从句简化为不定式作后置定语。
He is always the first person that comes to school.→He is always the first person to come to school.他总是第一个到校。
The report which will be given tomorrow is important to us.→The report to be given tomorrow is important to us. 明天要作的'报告对我们很重要。
（5）定语从句简化为what 从句。
I couldn't remember the words that he said.→I couldn't remember what he said.
我记不得他说的话。
【典型例句解析】
例 1 The second book ______I want to read is Business @ the Speed of Thought.
A. which B. what C. that D. as
解析 先行词 book被序数词修饰时要用that引导定语从句，故选C。
例 2 I'll never forget the days _____I stayed with you.
A. when B. in which C. that D. for which
解析 本题指时间，故选 A。
例 3 The book______ is sold out at the moment.
A. you need B. what you need
C. which you need it D. that you need it
解析 B、C、D中的what和it与先行The book相抵触 ， 故选 A。
例 4 Is this the place ______Lincoln once lived.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
解析 本题指地点，故选 C。
例 5 I'm one of the boys _________ never late for school.
A. that is B. who are C. who am D. who is
解析 本题中 who用作主语，谓语动词与先行词the boys保持一致，故选B。
【选讲例句】
例 6 Her sister,______ you met at my home, was a teacher of English.
A. whom B. that C. which D. who is
解析 非限制性定语从句中 ， 关系代词用 which,不用that,但指人时用who或whom.故选A。
例 7 These book are for students _____ mother language is not English.
A. of whom B. that C. which D. whose
解析 whose引导的定语从句中,whose用作定语，故选D。
定语从句that的例句
1. He is a good boy. 形容词作定语
2. Two boys need two pens. 数词作定语
3. His son needs Tom's pen. 形容词性物主代词或名词所有格作定语
4. The boy in blue is Tom. 介词短语作定语
5.There is a woman doctor. 名词作定语
6. The boy there needs a bike. 副词作定语
7.There is nothing to do today. 不定式作定语
8. The smiling boy needs a friend. 现在分词作定语
9. A boy called Tom saved the girl. 过去分词(短语)作定语
10. He is the man that I met yesterday. 定语从句
一、定语从句的概念：在复合句中，用作定语的从句叫做定语从句。
二、定语从句的位置：通常位于它所修饰的名词或代词之后。
三、被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
四、引导定语从句的关联词为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词(who, whom, whose, that, which等)在定语从句中可用作主语、定语、宾语等;关系副词(when, where, why等)在定语从句中只用作状语。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
五、定从基本形式：先行词(名词/代词) + 关系代词/关系副词+ 定从
六、that引导的定语从句
She is the girl that talked to you yesterday. (that作主语)
The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue. (that作宾语)
结论：that引导的定语从句既可以修饰人，也可以修饰物;
that在从句中作主语或宾语;
作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。
例如：
1. I like music. I can dance to music.
I like music that I can dance to. (that在从句中用作宾语。)
2. I prefer a sandwich. A sandwich is really delicious.
I prefer a sandwich that is really delicious.(that在从句中用作主语。)
注意：that在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致.
例如：I prefer movies that are scary.
I like a sandwich that is really delicious.
I love the singer that is beautiful.
I have a friend that plays sports.
1. A miracle is something that seems impossible but happens anyway.
奇迹就是看似不可能，却发生了。
2. If you wait, all that happens is that you get older.
如果你等待，发生的只有变老。
3. When life gets hard and you want to give up, remember that life is full of ups and downs, and without the downs, the ups would mean nothing.
当生活很艰难，你想要放弃的时候，请记住，生活充满了起起落落，如果没有低谷，那站在高处也失去了意义。
4. Eventually, you'll learn to cry that on the inside.
终有一天，你会学会让泪往心里流。
5. Success is not final, failure is not fatal: it is the courage to continue thatcounts.--Winston Churchill
成功不是终点，失败也并非末日，最重要的是继续前进的勇气。
英语从句变否定句
你好。肯定句：I am sure That she will come today (连接词是that)否定句：I am not sure WHETHER she will come today. (变成否定句时，连接词是whether)
在助动词，情态动词，be动词后加not即可你的采纳 我的动力希望我能继续帮助你
否定句的常见形式和用法 中学英语表达否定含义的句式形式多样，用法灵活。准确地掌握与否定相关的语句形式和用法，有助于提高英语阅读理解的准确性。本文就中学英语中否定句的常见形式和用法总结如下： 一、常见否定句：否定副词not, seldom, never, hardly, rarely, nowhere等与谓语动词连用。例如： I’m afraid that I can not attend your party this weekend. 恐怕这个周末我不能参加你们的聚会。I can hardly understand what he said just now. 我不能理解他刚才所说的话。 注意：这些否定副词用于句首时，主句要使用倒装语序。例如： Seldom does he go to work late. 他很少上班迟到。 Nowhere else can you find such a beautiful sunset. 你在别的地方不能见到如此美丽的日落。 Never in my life have I heard such nonsense! 我这辈子从来没有听过这种废话！二、否定祈使句：由“Don’t 或Never+ 动词原形”所构成。例如： Don’t give up trying even though it is difficult to learn English! 英语虽然难学，但千万别放弃尝试！ Do not cut down the tree that gives you shade. 切勿忘恩负义。 Never judge people by their appearance. 不可以貌取人。三、全部否定：由“否定主语（否定代词或no+名词）+ 肯定谓语”所构成。例如： Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。 None of us can speak French. 我们都不会讲法语。 No man is born wise. 人非生而知之。 注意：常用“neither/nor + 助动词/情态动词 + 主语”来表达“某人也不……”。例如： Jim didn’t know her secret, neither/nor did Jack. 吉姆不知道她的秘密，杰克也不知道。 If you don’t accept his invitation, neither shall I. 如果你不接受他的邀请，我也不接受。四、否定转移：常见的否定转移有两种情况。1. 含有原因状语从句的主从复合句，形式上虽然否定主句的谓语，然而意义上则是否定该原因状语，译为“并不因为……而……”。 例如：Galileo was not ready to accept it just because Aristotle had said so．伽利略并不只是因为亚里斯多德说过某事如何如何，就轻易相信它。The mountain is not valuable because it is high． 山不在高。2. 当think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine等动词引导否定意义的宾语从句时，通常把从句中的not提前，把主句变成否定句，从句用肯定形式。例如：We don’t believe that the news is true. 我们相信这个消息不是真的。I don’t think that he is honest. 我认为他不诚实。注意：（1）把这些发生否定转移的句子变为反意疑问句时，疑问部分应与宾语从句主谓部分构成反意疑问句。例如：I don’t think that he is honest, is he? 我认为他不诚实。（2）not 常用在I think, I believe, I expect, I suppose, I guess, I’m afraid之后，构成省略句。例如：---Do you think it will be a fine day tomorrow? ---I’m afraid not. ---你认为明天天气会好吗？---恐怕不是。---Do you believe that Rocket will win the game? ---I believe not. (=I don’t believe so.)---你相信火箭队会赢吗？---我看不会。五、否定疑问句：常用来表示反问、惊讶、建议、赞叹等语气。例如：Don’t you know these traffic rules? 难道你不知道这些交通规则吗？Aren’t you supposed to be working? 你不是应该正在干活吗？You look pale. Why don’t you have a rest? 你看起来脸色苍白，为什么不休息一会儿？Isn’t it a lovely day? 天气多好啊！注意：在回答否定疑问句时，要根据具体事实作答。例如：---Didn’t you see the film Titanic yesterday? --- . I would like to have seen it. A. Yes, I did B. No, I didn’t C. Yes, I didn’t D. No, I did由于yes与肯定句连用，no与否定句连用，首先可排除C, D 两项。A, B 形式都正确，但从题目语境中最后一句话“我倒希望自己看了那部电影。”可知事实上我昨天没有看电影，故答案选B。如果把题干最后一句话改为“It’s very moving.”，则说明我昨天看过电影，正确答案就应该选A。这种“根据事实作答”在运用中很不容易掌握，大家应该仔细体会其用法；同时，这种应答方法也适合于对“前否后肯型”反意疑问句和否定祈使句的回答。例如：---You haven’t been to Beijing, have you?--- . And I visited the Summer Palace. A. Yes, I have B. Yes, I haven’t C. No, I have D. No, I haven’t 从答语提示可知事实上我去过北京，故答案选A。全句译为：“——你没有去过北京，是吗？——不，我去过。我还去参观过颐和园。”六、非谓语动词的否定式：通常把not或never放在非谓语动词to do, doing, p.p的前面。例如：I advised him not to smoke but he wouldn’t listen. 我劝他别抽烟，可他不愿意听。Not having received a reply, she wrote him another letter. 由于没有收到他的回信，她又给他写了一封信。Not allowed to take part in the game, they felt very disappointed. 因为不让他们参加比赛，他们感到非常失望。七、双重否定句：由两个否定词搭配构成，表示一个较强的肯定语气。例如：Without air or water, man can not live on the earth. 没有空气和水，人类是无法在地球上生存的。Don’t try to operate this machine unless you know the rules for safety. 如果不懂安全规则，千万别动这台机器。It’s never too late to learn. 活到老，学到老。He will not do it for nothing.�他不会无缘无故做这件事。There is no success without hardships. 没有经历暴雨，那有彩虹。If the world becomes less unfair, much of the poverty can be wiped out.如果世界变得更加公平，就可以消除大部分贫穷。He was nothing if not clever. 他很聪明。（“nothing if not”表示“极其”）八、部分否定：通常由not 与表示整体意义的词（如：everyone, everything, all, each, always, entirely等）连用来表达。例如：Not all the animals hibernate in winter. (或者：All the animals don’t hibernate in winter.) 并非所有的动物冬天都要冬眠。Everything on the Internet is not reliable. 网络上的东西并非都是可信的。I’m not always at home on Sundays. 我星期天不一定总在家。His attention was not entirely paid to his research. 他的注意力并未全部用在他的研究工作上。九、含蓄否定：英语中有些句子虽然并不使用否定词，但也能表达否定意思。例如：That is more than I can do. 我干不了那件事。He is too young to carry so heavy a case. 他太小，搬不动这么重的箱子。This is the last thing I would ever want to do. 这是我最不愿意做的事。It is three years since he was a teacher. 他不当教师已经有三年时间了。（在“It is +时间段+ since …”结构中，从句谓语是延续性动词时表示否定意义。）You could have done the job better if you had put more time into it. 如果你多花的时间，你的工作会做得更好。（工作做得并不好。用肯定形式的虚拟语气可以表示实际的否定意义。）十、否定形式肯定意义： 英语中有些句子形式否定但却表达肯定意义，对其理解切不可望文生义。例如：Isn’t this film moving? 这部电影难道不感人吗? （否定疑问句常表示肯定意义）English is not too difficult to learn. 英语并不太难学. （双重否定句表示肯定意义。）He is too ready to help others. 他总是乐于助人. (“too”修饰ready, glad, anxious, eager等词时相当于“very”）You cannot be too careful to do your homework.（或者：You can never be careful enough to do your homework.）做作业你越仔细越好(或者：无论怎样仔细也不过分).He is too careful not to have noticed it. 他那么小心,一定会注意到这一点的。(“too...not to do”表示“太……不会不……”)There is nothing but sands left after the forest was destroyed. 森林被毁之后，只剩下沙地。（“nothing but” 相当于“only”）Jack didn’t understand why his mother was angry with him until she told him everything.直到杰克的母亲把一切和盘托出，他才明白母亲为什么跟他生气。（“not...until”表示“直到……才”）Hardly had I got to the station when it began to rain.我刚到车站天就下雨了。（“hardly…when”表示“刚……就”，可以换成“no sooner…than”）---Mr. Li is a good teacher.---I can’t agree more.---李老师是个好老师。---我完全赞同。（否定词与比较级连用，强调所修饰的词的肯定意义。）Why don’t you come and join us in the game? （ 或者：Why not come and join us in the game?）你为什么不和我们一起玩游戏呢? (“Why don’t you…?”.或“Why not ...?”表示邀请、建议等肯定意义。)
