高中英语不规则动词表读音
初中英语常用不规则动词分类表 (人教版) 为了帮助同学们记住不规则动词,现在把教材中出现的不规则动词分为几个类型,每个类型中又分若干组,尽量找出每组中各词变化形式的共同点,以帮助记忆。 1. A---A---A型(现在式、过去式和过去分词同形) 动词原形(现在式) 过去式 过去分词 cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割,切 hit hit hit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下 read read read 读 hurt hurt hurt 伤 2. A---A---B型(现在式和过去式同形) beat beat beaten 打 3. A---B---A型(现在式和过去分词同形) come came come 来 become became become 变 run ran run 跑 4. A ---B ---B型 (1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。 burn burnt burnt 燃烧 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习 mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见 (2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。 build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给 lose lost lost 失去 send sent sent 送 spend spent spent 花费 (3)其他 pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said 说 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 think thought thought 想 sleep slept slept 睡 keep kept kept 保持 sweep swept swept 扫 stand stood stood 站 understand understood understood 明白 win won won 得胜 shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光 catch caught caught 抓住 teach taught taught 教 feel felt felt 觉得 fight fought fought 战斗 find found found 发现 get got got 得到 hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死,挂 have had had 有 hold held held 盛,握 leave left left 离开 make made made 制造 meet met met 遇见 sell sold sold 卖 shoot shot shot 射击 tell told told 告诉 smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅,闻 sit sat sat 坐 dig dug dug 挖 5. A---B---C型(现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同) (1)在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。 eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下 steal stole stolen 偷 give gave given 给 freeze froze frozen 冻结 take took taken 拿 see saw seen 看见 write wrote written 写 ride rode ridden 骑 drive drove driven 驾驶 throw threw thrown 抛,扔 blow blew blown 吹 grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道 fly flew flown 飞 draw drew drawn 拉,绘画 show showed shown 展示 (2)过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。 speak spoke spoken 说话 break broke broken 破碎,折断 wake waked/ woke waked/ waken 醒 choose chose chosen 选择 forget forgot forgotten 忘记 (3)变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”(过去式)和“u”(过去分词)。 begin began begun 开始 ring rang rung 按铃 sing sang sung 唱 sink sank sunk 沉 swim swam swum 游泳 drink drank drunk 饮 (4)其他不规则动词的变化。 be(am, is) was/ were been 是 be(are) were been 是 do did done 做 go went gone 去 lie lay lain 躺 wear wore worn 穿
高中英语单词:不规则动词
英语动词按其过去式和过去分词的'构成方式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。下面是我分享的高中英语不规则动词大全,希望能帮到大家!
高中英语不规则动词表
动词原形 中文意思 过去式 过去分词
arise 出现 arose arisen
awake 醒来 awoke awaked / awoken
baby-sit 临时照顾 baby-sat baby-sat
be(am / is / are) 是 was / were been
beat 击打 beat beaten
become 变成 became become
begin 开始 began begun
bend 使弯曲 bent bent
bet 赌 bet bet
bite 咬 bit bitten / bit
blow 吹 blew blown
break 打破 broke broken
bring 拿来 brought brought
build 建造 built built
burn 燃烧 burnt / burned burnt / burned
buy 买 bought bought
can 能 could ×
cast 抛 cast cast
catch 捕捉 caught caught
choose 选择 chose chosen
come 来 came come
cost 花费 cost cost
cut 割 cut cut
deal 分配 dealt dealt
dig 挖 dug dug
do / does 做 did done
draw 画,拉,拖 drew drawn
dream 做梦 dreamed / dreamt dreamed / dreamt
drink 喝 drank drunk
drive 驾驶 drove driven
eat 吃 ate eaten
fall 掉落 fell fallen
feed 喂 fed fed
feel 触摸 felt felt
fight 作战 fought fought
find 找出 found found
fly 飞 flew flown
forbid 禁止 forbade / forbad forbidden
forget 忘记 forgot forgot / forgotten
forgive 原谅 forgave forgiven
freeze 结冰 froze frozen
get 得到 got got
give 给 gave given
go 去 went gone
grow 成长 grew grown
hang 挂 / 绞死 hung / hanged hung / hanged
have / has 有 had had
hear 听到 heard heard
hide 隐藏 hid hidden / hid
hit 打 hit hit
hold 拿住 held held
hurt 受伤 hurt hurt
keep 保持 kept kept
know 知道 knew known
lay 放置 laid laid
lead 引导 led led
learn 学习 learnt / learned learnt / learned
leave 离开 left left
lend 借贷 lent lent
let 让 let let
lie 躺 lay lain
light 点着 lit / lighted lit / lighted
lose 遗失 lost lost
make 制作 made made
may 可以 might ×
mean 表…意思 meant meant
meet 遇到 met met
mistake 误认 mistook mistaken
misunderstand 误会 misunderstood misunderstood
pay 支付 paid paid
prove 证明 proved proved / proven
put 放置 put put
quit 放弃 quit / quitte quit / quitted
read 读 read read
rebuild 改建 rebuilt rebuilt
retell 复述 retold retold
rid 免除 rid / ridded rid / ridded
ride 骑 rode ridden
rise 上升 rose risen
run 跑 ran run
saw 锯 sawed sawed / sawn
say 说 said said
see 看 saw seen
seek 寻觅 sought sought
sell 卖 sold sold
send 送 / 寄 sent sent
set 安置 set set
sew 缝合 sewed sewn / sewed
shake 摇 shook shaken
shall 将 should ×
shine 发光 shone shone
擦亮 shined shined
shoot 放(炮) shot shot
show 显露 showed showed / shown
sing 唱歌 sang sung
sink 下沉 sank / sunk sunk / sunken
sit 坐 sat sat
sleep 睡 slept slept
smell 发出气味 smelt smelt
sow 种植 sowed sown / sowed
speak 说 spoke spoken
spell 拼写 spelt / spelled spelt / spelled
spend 花费 spent spent
spit 吐出 spat / spit spat / spit
spring 跳跃 sprang / sprung sprung
stand 站立 stood stood
steal 偷 stole stolen
sweep 打扫 swept swept
swim 游泳 swam swum
take 拿 took taken
teach 教 taught taught
tear 撕裂 tore torn
tell 告诉 told told
think 思考 thought thought
throw 投 / 扔 threw thrown
understand 了解 understood understood
wake 醒着 woke / waked waked / woken
wear 穿着 wore worn
wet 淋湿 wet / wetted wet / wetted
will 将 would ×
win 获胜 won won
write 书写 wrote written
规则动词的过去式变化如下: 一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed ,如: worked played wanted acted 以不发音的 -e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 -d,如: lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped 以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如: studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed,如: stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped 注:不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。 go - went make - made get - got buy - bought come - came fly-flew 不规则动词的过去式的构成 1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如: begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam 2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如: drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote 3.改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。如: draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed) 4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如: get—got,forget—forgot 5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如: feed—fed,meet—met 6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如: keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept 7.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如: break—broke,speak—spoke 8.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如: sell—sold,tell—told 9.动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如: stand—stood,understand—understood 10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如: bring—brought,buy— bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught 11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如: can—could,shall—should,will—would 12.把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。如: come—came,become—became 13.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如: hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕, say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕 14.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如: let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕 15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如: am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has— had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took
1、arise
英[ə'raɪz]美[ə'raɪz]
vi.出现;升起;上升;发生;起来
过去式:arose;过去分词:arisen;现在分词:arising;第三人称单数:arises
An opportunity has arisen.
机会来了。
2、read
英 [riːd] 美 [riːd]
v. 识字;阅读;朗读;理解;读到;猜测;读唇语;写着;读起来(给人以某种印象);显示;看读数;听到;将...改为;攻读;(计算机)读盘;n. 阅读;好读物;adj. 博学的;熟知的
过去式:read;过去分词:read;现在分词:reading;第三人称单数:reads
I read a good article in today's paper.
我在今天的报纸上读到了一篇好文章。
3、forbid
英 [fə'bɪd] 美 [fər'bɪd]
vt. 禁止;阻止;不许
过去式:forbade/forbad;过去分词:forbidden/forbid;现在分词:forbidding;第三人称单数:forbids
I forbid you to call me late at night.
我禁止你在深夜给我打电话。
4、forgive
英 [fə'ɡɪv] 美 [fər'ɡɪv]
v. 原谅;宽恕;饶恕
过去式:forgave;过去分词:forgiven;现在分词:forgiving;第三人称单数:forgives
I forgave him his crimes.
我饶恕了他的罪行。
5、cut
英 [kʌt] 美 [kʌt]
v. 切;割;剪;削减;伤害;切牌;n. 切口;切;式样;剪辑
过去式:cut;过去分词:cut;现在分词:cutting;第三人称单数:cuts
His cruel remarks cut me deeply.
他那无情的话太伤我的心了。
高中英语不规则动词表音频
1、arise
英[ə'raɪz]美[ə'raɪz]
vi.出现;升起;上升;发生;起来
过去式:arose;过去分词:arisen;现在分词:arising;第三人称单数:arises
An opportunity has arisen.
机会来了。
2、read
英 [riːd] 美 [riːd]
v. 识字;阅读;朗读;理解;读到;猜测;读唇语;写着;读起来(给人以某种印象);显示;看读数;听到;将...改为;攻读;(计算机)读盘;n. 阅读;好读物;adj. 博学的;熟知的
过去式:read;过去分词:read;现在分词:reading;第三人称单数:reads
I read a good article in today's paper.
我在今天的报纸上读到了一篇好文章。
3、forbid
英 [fə'bɪd] 美 [fər'bɪd]
vt. 禁止;阻止;不许
过去式:forbade/forbad;过去分词:forbidden/forbid;现在分词:forbidding;第三人称单数:forbids
I forbid you to call me late at night.
我禁止你在深夜给我打电话。
4、forgive
英 [fə'ɡɪv] 美 [fər'ɡɪv]
v. 原谅;宽恕;饶恕
过去式:forgave;过去分词:forgiven;现在分词:forgiving;第三人称单数:forgives
I forgave him his crimes.
我饶恕了他的罪行。
5、cut
英 [kʌt] 美 [kʌt]
v. 切;割;剪;削减;伤害;切牌;n. 切口;切;式样;剪辑
过去式:cut;过去分词:cut;现在分词:cutting;第三人称单数:cuts
His cruel remarks cut me deeply.
他那无情的话太伤我的心了。
高考常见的30个不规则动词变化有:
英语动词不规则变化表
1. am/is –was 动词“是”
2. are—were 动词“是”
3. become—became 变为,变成
4. begin—began 开始
5. buy—bought 买
6. bring—brought 拿来,带来
7. beat—beat 敲打,搅拌
8. blow—blew 吹,吹动
9. break—broke 打破,打碎,折断
10. build—built 建筑,建造
11. can—could 能,会,允许,可以。
高中英语不规则动词变化表,如下图:
相关内容如下:
英语中的不规则动词,实际上在原始印欧语中是规则的Ablaut变化。原始印欧语中的Ablaut至今依然有遗留:sing sang sung song就是。
只不过后来随着语言的发展,英语中绝大多数Ablaut现象消失了,现在这种加ed的变化取代了原来的Ablaut,使原来规则的Ablaut看似成了不规则动词。
不规则动词是最古老的印欧语变位形式,可以说这才是“印欧语”的灵魂所在,这也是为什么有人认为印欧语系与亚非语系关系紧密,因为后者就是以元音变化著名的~
现在为止基本上除了日耳曼语以外,其他的印欧语子语言都已经最大程度消除了元音变位形式,仅存的基本都是印欧语的“系动词”,相当于英语的“to be”、“to go”之类的。
这些动词的不规则变化来自于“合体”,is变成are是因为这是两个不同的词(类似于汉语的“是”和“有”两个古印欧语词汇)合并而来。
具体到英语来说,不规则动词大概有200个,绝大多数都是古日耳曼语的常用动词留存。也有一些是古日耳曼语弱变化也被算作不规则动词(tell/told,sell/sold,buy/bought等等)。
另外这种强变化的日常性使用被认为影响到了中世纪日耳曼语的“元音音变”,具体就是一些单词的复数形式从古日耳曼语的-s,-as,-um等变成了元音变化,比如foot变成feet,在古日耳曼语里是fot/fotiz。
随着元音音变的出现,后元音i影响到了前元音o,导致前元音o向后元音靠拢,从o变成e,也就是变成了fot/fetiz的关系,最终演化为fot/fetiz/feet,有点类似于突厥语乌戈尔语等语言的“元音和谐”。
高中英语不规则动词表音标
八年级英语书后面有
英语不规则动词表动词原型: abide动词过去式: abode, abided动词过去分词: abode, abided动词原型: am动词过去式: was动词过去分词: been动词原型: are动词过去式: were动词过去分词: been动词原型: arise动词过去式: arose动词过去分词: arisen动词原型: awake动词过去式: awoke动词过去分词: awaked, awoken动词原型: be动词过去式: was, were动词过去分词: been动词原型: bear动词过去式: bore动词过去分词: borne动词原型: beat动词过去式: beat动词过去分词: beaten动词原型: become动词过去式: became动词过去分词: become动词原型: befall动词过去式: befell动词过去分词: befallen动词原型: beget动词过去式: begot动词过去分词: begotten动词原型: begin动词过去式: began动词过去分词: begun动词原型: behold动词过去式: beheld动词过去分词: beheld动词原型: bend动词过去式: bent动词过去分词: bent动词原型: bereave动词过去式: bereaved, bereft动词过去分词: bereaved, bereft动词原型: beseech动词过去式: besought动词过去分词: besought动词原型: beset动词过去式: beset动词过去分词: beset动词原型: bet动词过去式: bet, betted动词过去分词: bet, betted动词原型: betake动词过去式: betook动词过去分词: betaken动词原型: bethink动词过去式: bethought动词过去分词: bethought动词原型: bid动词过去式: bade, bid动词过去分词: bidden, bid动词原型: bind动词过去式: bound动词过去分词: bound动词原型: bite动词过去式: bit动词过去分词: bitten, bit动词原型: bleed动词过去式: bled动词过去分词: bled动词原型: blend动词过去式: blended, blent动词过去分词: blended, blent动词原型: bless动词过去式: blessed, blest动词过去分词: blessed, blest动词原型: blow动词过去式: blew动词过去分词: blown动词原型: break动词过去式: broke动词过去分词: broken动词原型: breed动词过去式: bred动词过去分词: bred动词原型: bring动词过去式: brought动词过去分词: brought动词原型: broadcast动词过去式: broadcast, broadcasted动词过去分词: broadcast, broadcasted动词原型: build动词过去式: built动词过去分词: built动词原型: burn动词过去式: burnt, burned动词过去分词: burnt, burned动词原型: burst动词过去式: burst动词过去分词: burst动词原型: buy动词过去式: bought动词过去分词: bought动词原型: cast动词过去式: cast动词过去分词: cast动词原型: catch动词过去式: caught动词过去分词: caught动词原型: chide动词过去式: chided, chid动词过去分词: chided, chidden动词原型: choose动词过去式: chose动词过去分词: chosen动词原型: cleave动词过去式: clove, cleft动词过去分词: cloven, cleft动词原型: cling动词过去式: clung动词过去分词: clung动词原型: clothe动词过去式: clothed, clad动词过去分词: clothed, clad动词原型: come动词过去式: came动词过去分词: come动词原型: cost动词过去式: cost动词过去分词: cost动词原型: creep动词过去式: crept动词过去分词: crept动词原型: crow动词过去式: crowed, crew动词过去分词: crowed动词原型: cut动词过去式: cut动词过去分词: cut动词原型: dare动词过去式: dared, durst动词过去分词: dared动词原型: deal动词过去式: dealt动词过去分词: dealt动词原型: dig动词过去式: dug动词过去分词: dug动词原型: dive动词过去式: dived;(US)dove动词过去分词: dived动词原型: do动词过去式: did动词过去分词: done动词原型: draw动词过去式: drew动词过去分词: drawn动词原型: dream动词过去式: dreamt, dreamed动词过去分词: dreamt, dreamed动词原型: drink动词过去式: drank动词过去分词: drunk动词原型: drive动词过去式: drove动词过去分词: driven动词原型: dwell动词过去式: dwelt动词过去分词: dwelt动词原型: eat动词过去式: ate动词过去分词: eaten动词原型: fall动词过去式: fell动词过去分词: fallen动词原型: feed动词过去式: fed动词过去分词: fed动词原型: feel动词过去式: felt动词过去分词: felt动词原型: fight动词过去式: fought动词过去分词: fought动词原型: find动词过去式: found动词过去分词: found动词原型: flee动词过去式: fled动词过去分词: fled动词原型: fling动词过去式: flung动词过去分词: flung动词原型: fly动词过去式: flew动词过去分词: flown动词原型: forbear动词过去式: forbore动词过去分词: forborne动词原型: forbid动词过去式: forbade, forbad动词过去分词: forbidden动词原型: forecast动词过去式: forecast, forecasted动词过去分词: forecast, forecasted动词原型: foreknow动词过去式: foreknew动词过去分词: foreknown动词原型: foresee动词过去式: foresaw动词过去分词: foreseen动词原型: foretell动词过去式: foretold动词过去分词: foretold动词原型: forget动词过去式: forgot动词过去分词: forgotten动词原型: forgive动词过去式: forgave动词过去分词: forgiven动词原型: forsake动词过去式: forsook动词过去分词: forsaken动词原型: forswear动词过去式: forswore动词过去分词: forsworn动词原型: freeze动词过去式: froze动词过去分词: frozen动词原型: gainsay动词过去式: gainsaid动词过去分词: gainsaid动词原型: get动词过去式: got动词过去分词: got; (US)gotten动词原型: gild动词过去式: gilded, gilt动词过去分词: gilded动词原型: gird动词过去式: girded, girt动词过去分词: girded, girt动词原型: give动词过去式: gave动词过去分词: given动词原型: go动词过去式: went动词过去分词: gone动词原型: grave动词过去式: graved动词过去分词: graven, graved动词原型: grind动词过去式: ground动词过去分词: ground动词原型: grow动词过去式: grew动词过去分词: grown动词原型: hamstring动词过去式: hamstringed, hamstrung动词过去分词: hamstringed, hamstrung动词原型: hang动词过去式: hung, hanged动词过去分词: hung, hanged动词原型: have动词过去式: had动词过去分词: had动词原型: hear动词过去式: heard动词过去分词: heard动词原型: heave动词过去式: heaved, hove动词过去分词: heaved, hove动词原型: hew动词过去式: hewed动词过去分词: hewed, hewn动词原型: hide动词过去式: hid动词过去分词: hidden动词原型: hit动词过去式: hit动词过去分词: hit动词原型: hold动词过去式: held动词过去分词: held动词原型: hurt动词过去式: hurt动词过去分词: hurt动词原型: inlay动词过去式: inlaid动词过去分词: inlaid动词原型: is动词过去式: was动词过去分词: been动词原型: keep动词过去式: kept动词过去分词: kept动词原型: kneel动词过去式: knelt动词过去分词: knelt动词原型: knit动词过去式: knitted, knit动词过去分词: knitted, knit动词原型: know动词过去式: knew动词过去分词: known动词原型: lade动词过去式: laded动词过去分词: laden动词原型: lay动词过去式: laid动词过去分词: laid动词原型: lead动词过去式: led动词过去分词: led动词原型: lean动词过去式: leant, leaned动词过去分词: leant, leaned动词原型: leap动词过去式: leapt, leaped动词过去分词: leapt, leaped动词原型: learn动词过去式: learnt, learned动词过去分词: learnt, learned动词原型: leave动词过去式: left动词过去分词: left动词原型: lend动词过去式: lent动词过去分词: lent动词原型: let动词过去式: let动词过去分词: let动词原型: lie动词过去式: lay动词过去分词: lain动词原型: light动词过去式: lit, lighted动词过去分词: lit, lighted动词原型: lose动词过去式: lost动词过去分词: lost动词原型: make动词过去式: made动词过去分词: made动词原型: mean动词过去式: meant动词过去分词: meant动词原型: meet动词过去式: met动词过去分词: met动词原型: melt动词过去式: melted动词过去分词: melted, molten动词原型: miscast动词过去式: miscast动词过去分词: miscast动词原型: misdeal动词过去式: misdealt动词过去分词: misdealt动词原型: misgive动词过去式: misgave动词过去分词: misgiven动词原型: mislay动词过去式: mislaid动词过去分词: mislaid动词原型: mislead动词过去式: misled动词过去分词: misled动词原型: misspell动词过去式: misspelt动词过去分词: misspelt动词原型: misspend动词过去式: misspent动词过去分词: misspent动词原型: mistake动词过去式: mistook动词过去分词: mistaken动词原型: misunderstand动词过去式: misunderstood动词过去分词: misunderstood动词原型: mow动词过去式: mowed动词过去分词: mown; (US)mowed动词原型: outbid动词过去式: outbid动词过去分词: outbid动词原型: outdo动词过去式: outdid动词过去分词: outdone动词原型: outgo动词过去式: outwent动词过去分词: outgone动词原型: outgrow动词过去式: outgrew动词过去分词: outgrown动词原型: outride动词过去式: outrode动词过去分词: outridden动词原型: outrun动词过去式: outran动词过去分词: outrun动词原型: outshine动词过去式: outshone动词过去分词: outshone动词原型: overbear动词过去式: overbore动词过去分词: overborne动词原型: overcast动词过去式: overcast动词过去分词: overcast动词原型: overcome动词过去式: overcame动词过去分词: overcome动词原型: overdo动词过去式: overdid动词过去分词: overdone动词原型: overhang动词过去式: overhung动词过去分词: overhung动词原型: overhear动词过去式: overheard动词过去分词: overheard动词原型: overlay动词过去式: overlaid动词过去分词: overlaid动词原型: overleap动词过去式: overleapt, overleaped动词过去分词: overleapt, overleaped动词原型: overlie动词过去式: overlay动词过去分词: overlain动词原型: override动词过去式: overrode动词过去分词: overridden动词原型: overrun动词过去式: overran动词过去分词: overrun动词原型: oversee动词过去式: oversaw动词过去分词: overseen动词原型: overshoot动词过去式: overshot动词过去分词: overshot动词原型: oversleep动词过去式: overslept动词过去分词: overslept动词原型: overtake动词过去式: overtook动词过去分词: overtaken动词原型: overthrow动词过去式: overthrew动词过去分词: overthrown动词原型: partake动词过去式: partook动词过去分词: partaken动词原型: pay动词过去式: paid动词过去分词: paid动词原型: prove动词过去式: proved动词过去分词: proved, proven动词原型: put动词过去式: put动词过去分词: put动词原型: quit动词过去式: quitted, quit动词过去分词: quitted, quit动词原型: read动词过去式: read动词过去分词: read动词原型: rebind动词过去式: rebound动词过去分词: rebound动词原型: rebuild动词过去式: rebuilt动词过去分词: rebuilt动词原型: recast动词过去式: recast动词过去分词: recast动词原型: redo动词过去式: redid动词过去分词: redone动词原型: relay动词过去式: relaid动词过去分词: relaid动词原型: remake动词过去式: remade动词过去分词: remade动词原型: rend动词过去式: rent动词过去分词: rent动词原型: repay动词过去式: repaid动词过去分词: repaid动词原型: rerun动词过去式: reran动词过去分词: rerun动词原型: reset动词过去式: reset动词过去分词: reset动词原型: retell动词过去式: retold动词过去分词: retold动词原型: rewrite动词过去式: rewrote动词过去分词: rewritten动词原型: rid动词过去式: rid, ridded动词过去分词: rid, ridded动词原型: ride动词过去式: rode动词过去分词: ridden动词原型: ring动词过去式: rang动词过去分词: rung动词原型: rise动词过去式: rose动词过去分词: risen动词原型: rive动词过去式: rived动词过去分词: riven, rived动词原型: run动词过去式: ran动词过去分词: run动词原型: saw动词过去式: sawed动词过去分词: sawn, sawed动词原型: say动词过去式: said动词过去分词: said动词原型: see动词过去式: saw动词过去分词: seen动词原型: seek动词过去式: sought动词过去分词: sought动词原型: sell动词过去式: sold动词过去分词: sold动词原型: send动词过去式: sent动词过去分词: sent动词原型: set动词过去式: set动词过去分词: set动词原型: sew动词过去式: sewed动词过去分词: sewn, sewed动词原型: shake动词过去式: shook动词过去分词: shaken动词原型: shave动词过去式: shaved动词过去分词: shaved, shaven动词原型: shear动词过去式: sheared动词过去分词: sheared, shorn动词原型: shed动词过去式: shed动词过去分词: shed动词原型: shine动词过去式: shone动词过去分词: shone动词原型: shoe动词过去式: shod动词过去分词: shod动词原型: shoot动词过去式: shot动词过去分词: shot动词原型: show动词过去式: showed动词过去分词: shown, showed动词原型: shrink动词过去式: shrank, shrunk动词过去分词: shrunk, shrunken动词原型: shrive动词过去式: shrove, shrived动词过去分词: shriven, shrived动词原型: shut动词过去式: shut动词过去分词: shut动词原型: sing动词过去式: sang动词过去分词: sung动词原型: sink动词过去式: sank动词过去分词: sunk, sunken动词原型: sit动词过去式: sat动词过去分词: sat动词原型: slay动词过去式: slew动词过去分词: slain动词原型: sleep动词过去式: slept动词过去分词: slept动词原型: slide动词过去式: slid动词过去分词: slid动词原型: sling动词过去式: slung动词过去分词: slung动词原型: slink动词过去式: slunk动词过去分词: slunk动词原型: slit动词过去式: slit动词过去分词: slit动词原型: smell动词过去式: smelt, smelled动词过去分词: smelt, smelled动词原型: smite动词过去式: smote动词过去分词: smitten动词原型: sow动词过去式: sowed动词过去分词: sown, sowed动词原型: speak动词过去式: spoke动词过去分词: spoken动词原型: speed动词过去式: sped, speeded动词过去分词: sped, speeded动词原型: spell动词过去式: spelt, spelled动词过去分词: spelt, spelled动词原型: spend动词过去式: spent动词过去分词: spent动词原型: spill动词过去式: spilt, spilled动词过去分词: spilt, spilled动词原型: spin动词过去式: spun, span动词过去分词: spun动词原型: spit动词过去式: spat动词过去分词: spat动词原型: split动词过去式: split动词过去分词: split动词原型: spoil动词过去式: spoilt, spoiled动词过去分词: spoilt, spoiled动词原型: spread动词过去式: spread动词过去分词: spread动词原型: spring动词过去式: sprang动词过去分词: sprung动词原型: stand动词过去式: stood动词过去分词: stood动词原型: stave动词过去式: staved, stove动词过去分词: staved, stove动词原型: steal动词过去式: stole动词过去分词: stolen动词原型: stick动词过去式: stuck动词过去分词: stuck动词原型: sting动词过去式: stung动词过去分词: stung动词原型: stink动词过去式: stank, stunk动词过去分词: stunk动词原型: strew动词过去式: strewed动词过去分词: strewn, strewed动词原型: stride动词过去式: strode动词过去分词: stridden动词原型: strike动词过去式: struck动词过去分词: struck, stricken动词原型: string动词过去式: strung动词过去分词: strung动词原型: strive动词过去式: strove动词过去分词: striven动词原型: swear动词过去式: swore动词过去分词: sworn动词原型: sweep动词过去式: swept动词过去分词: swept动词原型: swell动词过去式: swelled动词过去分词: swollen, swelled动词原型: swim动词过去式: swam动词过去分词: swum动词原型: swing动词过去式: swung动词过去分词: swung动词原型: take动词过去式: took动词过去分词: taken动词原型: teach动词过去式: taught动词过去分词: taught动词原型: tear动词过去式: tore动词过去分词: torn动词原型: tell动词过去式: told动词过去分词: told动词原型: think动词过去式: thought动词过去分词: thought动词原型: thrive动词过去式: throve, thrived动词过去分词: thriven, thrived动词原型: throw动词过去式: threw动词过去分词: thrown动词原型: thrust动词过去式: thrust动词过去分词: thrust动词原型: tread动词过去式: trod动词过去分词: trodden, trod动词原型: unbend动词过去式: unbent动词过去分词: unbent动词原型: unbind动词过去式: unbound动词过去分词: unbound动词原型: underbid动词过去式: underbid动词过去分词: underbid动词原型: undergo动词过去式: underwent动词过去分词: undergone动词原型: understand动词过去式: understood动词过去分词: understood动词原型: undertake动词过去式: undertook动词过去分词: undertaken动词原型: undo动词过去式: undid动词过去分词: undone动词原型: upset动词过去式: upset动词过去分词: upset动词原型: wake动词过去式: woke, waked动词过去分词: woken, waked动词原型: waylay动词过去式: waylaid动词过去分词: waylaid动词原型: wear动词过去式: wore动词过去分词: worn动词原型: weave动词过去式: wove动词过去分词: woven动词原型: weep动词过去式: wept动词过去分词: wept动词原型: win动词过去式: won动词过去分词: won动词原型: wind动词过去式: wound动词过去分词: wound动词原型: withdraw动词过去式: withdrew动词过去分词: withdrawn动词原型: withhold动词过去式: withheld动词过去分词: withheld动词原型: withstand动词过去式: withstood动词过去分词: withstood动词原型: work动词过去式: worked, wrought动词过去分词: worked, wrought动词原型: wring动词过去式: wrung动词过去分词: wrung动词原型: write动词过去式: wrote动词过去分词: written
不规则动词 动词原形(一般现在时) 动词过去式(一般过去时) 动词过去分词(完成时、被动语态) 1 am,is was been 2 are were been 3 beat beat beaten 4 become became become 5 begin began begun 6 blow blew blown 7 break broke broken 8 bring brought brought 9 build built built 10 buy bought bought 11 can could 无 12 catch caught caught 13 choose chose chosen 14 come came come 15 cost cost cost 16 cut cut cut 17 dig dug dug 18 do did done 19 draw drew drawn 20 drink drank drunk 21 drive drove driven 22 eat ate eaten 23 fall fell fallen 24 feel felt felt 25 find found found 26 fly flew flown 27 forget forgot forgotten 28 freeze froze frozen 29 get got got 30 give gave given 31 go went gone 动词原形 动词过去式 动词过去分词 1 grow grew grown 2 hang hung,hanged hung;hanged 3 have,has had had 4 hear heard heard 5 hide hid hidden,hid 6 hit hit hit 7 hold held held 8 hurt hurt hurt 9 keep kept kept 10 know knew known 11 lay laid laid 12 learn learnt learnt,learned 13 leave left left 14 lend lent lent 15 let let let 16 lie lay lain 17 lose lost lost 18 make made made 19 may might 无 20 mean meant meant 21 meet met met 22 mistake mistook mistaken 23 put put put 24 read read read 25 ride rode ridden 26 ring rang rung 27 rise rose risen 28 run ran rung 29 say said said 30 see saw seen 31 sell sold sold 32 send sent sent 动词原形 动词过去式 动词过去分词 1 set set set 2 shall should 无 3 shine shone shone,shined 4 show showed shown 5 shut shut shut 6 sing sang sung 7 sink sank,sunk sunk,sunken 8 sit sat sat 9 sleep slept slept 10 smell smelt,smelled smelt,smelled 11 speak spoke spoken 12 spill spilt spilt 13 spit spat spat 14 spoil spoilt spoilt 15 stand stood stood 16 steal stole stolen 17 sweep swept swept 18 swim swam swum 19 take took taken 20 teach taught taught 21 tell told told 22 think thought thought 23 throw threw thrown 24 understand understood understood 25 wake waked,woke waked,woken 26 wear wore worn 27 will would 无 28 win won won 29 write wrote written
英语不规则动词记忆表动词原形 过去式 过去分词 cost[kɔst] cost[kɔst] cost[kɔst] 花费cut[kʌt] cut[kʌt] cut[kʌt] 割,切hurt[hə:t] hurt[hə:t] hurt[hə:t] 受伤hit[hit] hit[hit] hit[hit] 打,撞let[let] let[let] let[let] 让put[put] put[put] put[put] 放下read[ri:d] read[ri:d] read[ri:d] 读set[set] set[set] set[set] 安排,安置spread[spred] spread[spred] spread[spred] 展开,传播,涂spit[spit] spit/spat[spit] spit/spat[spit] 吐痰,shut[ʃʌt] shut[ʃʌt] shut[ʃʌt] 关上, 闭起,停止营业动词原形 过去式 过去分词 beat[bi:t] beat[bi:t] beaten['bi:tn] 打败动词原形 过去式 过去分词 become[bi'kʌm] became[bi'keim] become[bi'kʌm] 变come[kʌm] came[keim] come[kʌm] 来run[rʌn] ran[ræn] run[rʌn] 跑(1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d, t或ed构成过去式或过去分词。 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 burn[bə:n] burnt[bə:nt] burnt[bə:nt] 燃烧deal[di:l] dealt[delt] dealt[delt] 解决dream[dri:m] dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt[dremt] 做梦hear[hiə] heard[hə:d] heard[hə:d] 听见hang['hæŋ] hanged/ hung[hʌŋ] hanged/ hung 绞死,悬挂learn[lə:n] learned/learnt[lə:nt] learned/learnt[lə:nt] 学习light['lait] lit/lighted[lit] lit/lighted[lit] 点燃, 照亮mean[mi:n] meant[ment] meant[ment] 意思prove[pru:v] proved proven/proved['pru:vən] 证明, 证实,试验shine[ʃain] shone/shined shone/shined[ʃəun, ʃɔn] 使照耀,使发光show[ʃəu] showed showed/shown['ʃəun] 展示, 给...看smell[smel] smelled/smelt[smelt] smelled/smelt[smelt] 闻, 嗅speed[spi:d] sped[sped]/speeded sped/speeded[sped] 加速spell[spel] spelled/spelt[spelt] spelled/spelt[spelt] 拼写wake[weik] waked/woke[wəuk] waked/woken['wəukən] 醒来,叫醒, 激发(2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 build[bild] built[bilt] built[bilt] 建筑lend[lend] lent[lent] lent[lent] 借给rebuild[,ri:'bild] rebuilt[,ri:'bilt] rebuilt[,ri:'bilt] 改建, 重建send[send] sent[sent] sent[sent] 送spend[spend] spent[spent] spent[spent] 花费(3)原形→ought →ought 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 bring[briŋ] brought[brɔ:t] brought[brɔ:t] 带来buy[bai] bought[bɔ:t] bought[bɔ:t] 买fight[fait] fought[fɔ:t] fought[fɔ:t] 打架think[θiŋk] thought[θɔ:t] thought[θɔ:t] 思考,想(4) 原形→aught →aught动词原形 过去式 过去分词 catch[kætʃ] caught[kɔ:t] caught[kɔ:t] 捉,抓teach[ti:tʃ] taught[tɔ:t] taught[tɔ:t] 教(5)变其中一个元音字母动词原形 过去式 过去分词 dig[diɡ] dug[dʌɡ] dug[dʌɡ] 掘(土), 挖(洞、沟等)feed[fi:d] fed[fed] fed[fed] 喂find[faind] found found 发现,找到get[ɡet] got[ɡɔt] got/gotten['ɡɔtən] 得到hold[həuld] held[held] held[held] 拥有,握住,支持lead[li:d] led[led] led[led] 引导, 带领, 领导meet[mi:t] met[met] met[met] 遇见sit[sit] sat[sæt] sat[sæt] 坐shoot[ʃu:t] shot[ʃɔt] shot[ʃɔt] 射击spit[spit] spit/spat[spæt] spit/spat[spæt] 吐痰,stick[stik] stuck[stʌk] stuck[stʌk] 插进, 刺入, 粘住,win[win] won[wʌn] won[wʌn] 赢(6)原形→□lt/pt/ft→□lt/pt/ft动词原形 过去式 过去分词 feel['fi:l] felt[felt] felt[felt] 感到keep[ki:p] kept[kept] kept[kept] 保持leave[li:v] left[left] left[left] 离开sleep[sli:p] slept[slept] slept[slept] 睡觉sweep[swi:p] swept[swept] swept[swept] 扫(7)其它动词原形 过去式 过去分词 lay[lei] laid[leid] laid[leid] 下蛋, 放置pay[pei] paid[peid] paid[peid] 付say[sei] said[sed] said[sed] 说stand[stænd] stood[stud] stood[stud] 站understand understood[,ʌndə'stænd] understood[,ʌndə'stænd] 明白lose[lu:z] lost[lɔst, lɔ:st] lost[lɔst, lɔ:st] 失去have[həv] had[hæd, həd, əd] had[hæd, həd, əd] 有make[meik] made[meid] made[meid] 制造sell[sel] sold[səuld] sold[səuld] 卖tell[tel] told[təuld] told[təuld] 告诉retell[,ri:'tel] retold[,ri:'təuld] retold[,ri:'təuld] 重讲,重复,复述(1)原形→过去式→原形+(e)n动词原形 过去式 过去分词 blow[bləu] blew[blu:] blown 吹drive[ draiv ] drove[drəuv] driven[drivən] 驾驶draw[drɔ:] drew[dru:] drawn[drɔ:n] 画画eat[i:t] ate[et,eit] eaten['i:tən] 吃fall[fɔ:l] Fell[fel] fallen['fɔ:lən] 落下give[ɡiv] gave[ɡeiv] given['ɡivən] 给grow[ɡrəu] grew[ɡru:] grown[ɡrəun] 生长forgive[fə'ɡiv] forgot[fə'ɡɔt] forgiven 原谅, 饶恕know[nəu] knew[nju:, nu:] known 知道mistake[mi'steik] mistook[mi'stuk] mistooken 弄错; 误解,overeat['əuvə'i:t] overate[,əuvə'reit] overeaten (使)吃过量prove[pru:v] proved proven/proved 证明,证实, 试验take[teik] took[tuk] taken['teikn, 'teikən] 拿throw[θrəu] threw[θru:] thrown[θrəun, 'θrəun] 抛,扔ride[raid] rode[rəud] ridden['ridən] 骑see[si:] saw[sɔ:] seen[si:n] 看见show[ʃəu] showed showed/shown['ʃəun] 展示write[rait] wrote[rəut] written['ritən] 写(2)原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n动词原形 过去式 过去分词 break[breik] broke[brəuk] broken['brəukən] 打破choose[tʃu:z] chose[tʃəuz] chosen['tʃəuzən] 选择get[ɡet] got[ɡɔt] got/gotten['ɡɔtən] 得到hide[haid] hid[hid] hidden['hidən] 隐藏forget[fə'ɡet] forgot[fə'ɡɔt] forgotten[fə'ɡɔtn] 忘记freeze[fri:z] froze[frəuz] frozen['frəuzn] 冷冻,结冰,感到严寒speak[spi:k] spoke[spəuk] spoken['spəukən] 说steal[sti:l] stole stolen['stəulən] 偷(3) 变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”(过去式)和“u”(过去分词)。[i→a →u] 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 begin[bi'ɡin] began[bi'ɡæn] begun[bi'ɡʌn] 开始drink[driŋk] drank[dræŋk] drunk[drʌŋk] 喝sing[siŋ] sang[sæŋ] sung[sʌŋ] 唱sink[siŋk] sank[sæŋk] sunk[sʌŋk] 下沉, 沉没swim[swim] swam[swæm] swum[swʌm] 游泳ring[riŋ] rang[ræŋ] rung[rʌŋ] 打电话(4)其它 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 be(am, is, are) was/ were been 是bear[bεə] bore[bɔ:] born/borne[bɔ:n] 负担, 忍受do[du:, du:] did[did] done[dʌn] 做fly[flai] flew[flu:] flown[fləun] 飞go[ɡəu] went[went] gone[ɡɔn] 去lie[lai] lay[lei] lain[lein] 躺wear[wεə] wore[wɔ:] worn[wɔ:n] 穿
高中英语不规则动词表朗读
一、AAA型(原形→原形→原形) 二、ABA型(原形→过去式→原形)三、ABC型1. ow →ew →own 2. i→a →u原形 过去式 过去分词3. 原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n4. 原形→过去式→原形+(e)n 5. 无规律原形 过去式 过去分词
动词是表示句子中主语的动作或状态的词。动词可以采取的形式有不定式、第三人称单数(现在式)、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。有些动词的过去式和过去分词都有一个固定的词尾,叫作规则动词。相反有些动词要么完全改变形式,要么保持不变,这就是不规则动词。
规则动词的变形是很简单的,但是在考试中往往考得更多的是不规则动词的变形。不规则变化动词作为高中英语很重要的一部分,只要掌握了就可以让你的英语学习事半功倍。
高中英语的学习过程中,不规则的动词变化也算是逢考必出的问题了。不论是在语法填空、短文改错、写作都是必不可少的一个考点内容。
高中英语单词:不规则动词
英语动词按其过去式和过去分词的'构成方式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。下面是我分享的高中英语不规则动词大全,希望能帮到大家!
高中英语不规则动词表
动词原形 中文意思 过去式 过去分词
arise 出现 arose arisen
awake 醒来 awoke awaked / awoken
baby-sit 临时照顾 baby-sat baby-sat
be(am / is / are) 是 was / were been
beat 击打 beat beaten
become 变成 became become
begin 开始 began begun
bend 使弯曲 bent bent
bet 赌 bet bet
bite 咬 bit bitten / bit
blow 吹 blew blown
break 打破 broke broken
bring 拿来 brought brought
build 建造 built built
burn 燃烧 burnt / burned burnt / burned
buy 买 bought bought
can 能 could ×
cast 抛 cast cast
catch 捕捉 caught caught
choose 选择 chose chosen
come 来 came come
cost 花费 cost cost
cut 割 cut cut
deal 分配 dealt dealt
dig 挖 dug dug
do / does 做 did done
draw 画,拉,拖 drew drawn
dream 做梦 dreamed / dreamt dreamed / dreamt
drink 喝 drank drunk
drive 驾驶 drove driven
eat 吃 ate eaten
fall 掉落 fell fallen
feed 喂 fed fed
feel 触摸 felt felt
fight 作战 fought fought
find 找出 found found
fly 飞 flew flown
forbid 禁止 forbade / forbad forbidden
forget 忘记 forgot forgot / forgotten
forgive 原谅 forgave forgiven
freeze 结冰 froze frozen
get 得到 got got
give 给 gave given
go 去 went gone
grow 成长 grew grown
hang 挂 / 绞死 hung / hanged hung / hanged
have / has 有 had had
hear 听到 heard heard
hide 隐藏 hid hidden / hid
hit 打 hit hit
hold 拿住 held held
hurt 受伤 hurt hurt
keep 保持 kept kept
know 知道 knew known
lay 放置 laid laid
lead 引导 led led
learn 学习 learnt / learned learnt / learned
leave 离开 left left
lend 借贷 lent lent
let 让 let let
lie 躺 lay lain
light 点着 lit / lighted lit / lighted
lose 遗失 lost lost
make 制作 made made
may 可以 might ×
mean 表…意思 meant meant
meet 遇到 met met
mistake 误认 mistook mistaken
misunderstand 误会 misunderstood misunderstood
pay 支付 paid paid
prove 证明 proved proved / proven
put 放置 put put
quit 放弃 quit / quitte quit / quitted
read 读 read read
rebuild 改建 rebuilt rebuilt
retell 复述 retold retold
rid 免除 rid / ridded rid / ridded
ride 骑 rode ridden
rise 上升 rose risen
run 跑 ran run
saw 锯 sawed sawed / sawn
say 说 said said
see 看 saw seen
seek 寻觅 sought sought
sell 卖 sold sold
send 送 / 寄 sent sent
set 安置 set set
sew 缝合 sewed sewn / sewed
shake 摇 shook shaken
shall 将 should ×
shine 发光 shone shone
擦亮 shined shined
shoot 放(炮) shot shot
show 显露 showed showed / shown
sing 唱歌 sang sung
sink 下沉 sank / sunk sunk / sunken
sit 坐 sat sat
sleep 睡 slept slept
smell 发出气味 smelt smelt
sow 种植 sowed sown / sowed
speak 说 spoke spoken
spell 拼写 spelt / spelled spelt / spelled
spend 花费 spent spent
spit 吐出 spat / spit spat / spit
spring 跳跃 sprang / sprung sprung
stand 站立 stood stood
steal 偷 stole stolen
sweep 打扫 swept swept
swim 游泳 swam swum
take 拿 took taken
teach 教 taught taught
tear 撕裂 tore torn
tell 告诉 told told
think 思考 thought thought
throw 投 / 扔 threw thrown
understand 了解 understood understood
wake 醒着 woke / waked waked / woken
wear 穿着 wore worn
wet 淋湿 wet / wetted wet / wetted
will 将 would ×
win 获胜 won won
write 书写 wrote written
1、arise
英[ə'raɪz]美[ə'raɪz]
vi.出现;升起;上升;发生;起来
过去式:arose;过去分词:arisen;现在分词:arising;第三人称单数:arises
An opportunity has arisen.
机会来了。
2、read
英 [riːd] 美 [riːd]
v. 识字;阅读;朗读;理解;读到;猜测;读唇语;写着;读起来(给人以某种印象);显示;看读数;听到;将...改为;攻读;(计算机)读盘;n. 阅读;好读物;adj. 博学的;熟知的
过去式:read;过去分词:read;现在分词:reading;第三人称单数:reads
I read a good article in today's paper.
我在今天的报纸上读到了一篇好文章。
3、forbid
英 [fə'bɪd] 美 [fər'bɪd]
vt. 禁止;阻止;不许
过去式:forbade/forbad;过去分词:forbidden/forbid;现在分词:forbidding;第三人称单数:forbids
I forbid you to call me late at night.
我禁止你在深夜给我打电话。
4、forgive
英 [fə'ɡɪv] 美 [fər'ɡɪv]
v. 原谅;宽恕;饶恕
过去式:forgave;过去分词:forgiven;现在分词:forgiving;第三人称单数:forgives
I forgave him his crimes.
我饶恕了他的罪行。
5、cut
英 [kʌt] 美 [kʌt]
v. 切;割;剪;削减;伤害;切牌;n. 切口;切;式样;剪辑
过去式:cut;过去分词:cut;现在分词:cutting;第三人称单数:cuts
His cruel remarks cut me deeply.
他那无情的话太伤我的心了。
高中英语不规则动词表规律
看看能不能帮到你,挑一些抄写就可以了。
炒概念呗,还能抄啥啊
高中英语不规则动词变化表,如下图:
相关内容如下:
英语中的不规则动词,实际上在原始印欧语中是规则的Ablaut变化。原始印欧语中的Ablaut至今依然有遗留:sing sang sung song就是。
只不过后来随着语言的发展,英语中绝大多数Ablaut现象消失了,现在这种加ed的变化取代了原来的Ablaut,使原来规则的Ablaut看似成了不规则动词。
不规则动词是最古老的印欧语变位形式,可以说这才是“印欧语”的灵魂所在,这也是为什么有人认为印欧语系与亚非语系关系紧密,因为后者就是以元音变化著名的~
现在为止基本上除了日耳曼语以外,其他的印欧语子语言都已经最大程度消除了元音变位形式,仅存的基本都是印欧语的“系动词”,相当于英语的“to be”、“to go”之类的。
这些动词的不规则变化来自于“合体”,is变成are是因为这是两个不同的词(类似于汉语的“是”和“有”两个古印欧语词汇)合并而来。
具体到英语来说,不规则动词大概有200个,绝大多数都是古日耳曼语的常用动词留存。也有一些是古日耳曼语弱变化也被算作不规则动词(tell/told,sell/sold,buy/bought等等)。
另外这种强变化的日常性使用被认为影响到了中世纪日耳曼语的“元音音变”,具体就是一些单词的复数形式从古日耳曼语的-s,-as,-um等变成了元音变化,比如foot变成feet,在古日耳曼语里是fot/fotiz。
随着元音音变的出现,后元音i影响到了前元音o,导致前元音o向后元音靠拢,从o变成e,也就是变成了fot/fetiz的关系,最终演化为fot/fetiz/feet,有点类似于突厥语乌戈尔语等语言的“元音和谐”。
高中英语不规则动词表如下:
不规则动词,英语动词按其过去式和过去分词的构成方式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。规则动词的过去式和过去分词由词尾加-ed构成,如果有e,只加d,而不规则动词的变化因词而异。
英语单词中由动词原形转变为过去式和过去分词时不按词尾加“-ed”之变化规则者叫做不规则动词(irregular verbs)。
现代英语新生成的动词都归入“-ed”的规则变化,例如:
park→parked (停车——1864)
fax→faxed (以传真传送——1979)
e-mail→e-mailed (以电脑网络传送——1982)
(所附年次为最早用例出现年次——.)
因此,不规则动词可以说都是古英语动词的不规则变化因其常用度很高而一直沿用到今天者,所以今天在学习英语时绝对无法规避,也不可能规避这些不规则动词。
从英语的演变来看,不规则动词就是强势动词(strong verbs)--即其词形变化全依其本身之语音(尤其是元音)变化来进行而不借助词尾的变化。