高中英语定语从句讲解及练习

初中英语定语从句讲解及练习

定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下： Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。3）which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。1）when, where, why 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如： There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？2）that代替关系副词 that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如： His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you. 判断改错（注：先显示题，再显示答案，横线；用不同的颜色表示出。） （错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. （对） I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。

【考点扫描】 中考对定语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面： 1． 定语从句的功用和结构 2． 关系代词和关系副词的功用 3． 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法 考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到定语从句。 【精讲】 一. 定语从句的功用和结构 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。例如： This is the present that he gave me for my birthday. Do you know everybody who came to the party? I still remember the night when I first came to the village? This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived. 二. 关系代词和关系副词的功用 关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系待客做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词可作状语。 1. 作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如： I don’t like people who talk much but do little. The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well. 2. 作宾语： She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday. The book that my grandmother gave me is called “The Great Escape”. 3. 作定语 关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如： What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor? The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard. 4. 作状语 I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing. This is the house where I was born. 三. 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法 1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。例如： The person who broke the window must pay for it. The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。例如： Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate？ Mr Lee (whom) you want to see has come. 3. whose 指人，在定语从句中作定语。例如： The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today. I know the boy whose father is a professor. 4. which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如： A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words. Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday. 5. that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如： I’ve read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news. Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there? 6. when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语。例如： I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm. He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left. 7. where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语。例如： This is the house where we lived last year. The factory where his father works is in the east of the city. 四. 关系代词 whom， which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面，如： That was the room in which we had lived for ten years. = That was the room which we had lived in for ten years. 五. 具体使用时还要注意下列问题： 1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情况： (1) 先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。例如： All that he said is true. (2) 先行词被only, no, any, all,等词修饰时。例如： He is the only foreigner that has been to that place. (3) 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如： He was the second (person) that told me the secret. (4) 先行词是形容词级或被形容词级修饰的词。 This is the best book (that) I have read this year. (5) 先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如： He talked about the people and the things he remembered. 2. 只能用which，不用that 的情况： (1) 在非限制性定语从中。例如： The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted. (2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。例如： The thing about which he is talking is of great importance. 【中考范例】 1. (2004年哈尔滨中考试题) ---Does the teacher know everybody _______ planted the trees? ---Yes, he does. A. which B. whose C. where D. who 【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。 2. (2004年常州市中考试题) The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very important. A. who B. where C. what D. that 【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是物，而关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，所以只有that合适。 3. (2004年扬州市中考试题) ---Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday? ---He has gone back to Qinghua University. A. whom B. who C. whose D. which 【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。 4. (2004年益阳市中考试题) I hate people _______ talk much but do little. A. whose B. whom C. which D. who 【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。 【满分演练】 一. 单项填空 1. ---Who is the man _______ was talking to our English teacher? ---Oh! It’s Mr Baker, our maths teacher. A. he B. that C. whom D. which 2. I hate the people ________ don’t help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. they D. where 3. The foreigner _________ visited our school is from Canada. A. which B. when C. who D. whom 4. George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which 5. This is the place _____I have ever visited. A. there B. when C. where D. which 6. Nobody knows the reason ______ she didn’t come to the meeting. A. that B. which C. why D. when 7. The moon is a world ______ there is no life. A. that B. which C. where D. why 8. He has forgotten the day _______ he arrived. A. when B. where C. that D. which 9. He still remembers the days ______ he spent with your family. A. when B. where C. that D. on which 10. Mr. White, ______ car had been stolen, came to the policeman. A. who B. that C. whose D. which 11. He got to the village _______ his family once lived before liberation. A. that B. which C. when D. where 12. This is the house _______ I want to buy. A. in which B. that C. whose D. where 13. This is the house _______ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked. A. which B. that C. when D. where 14. He didn’t tell me the place _______ he was born. A. that B. which C. when D. where 15. He lived in a small village, ______ was a long way from the railway station. A. that B. which C. where D. when 二. 用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句 1. The boy is my younger brother. He was here a minute ago. 2. The old man is a professor. He teaches chemistry in a college. 3. Beijing Hotel is near Tian An Men Square. The foreign visitors live there. 4. The woman is here now. You were talking about her. 5. This is the hall. We listened to the report in it the other day. 6. The car was going 90 miles an hour. The car just passed us. 7. The man waved to us. The man was my uncle. 8. I enjoyed reading the book. You gave me a book last week. 9. I prefer the subject. The subject is science. 10. I spoke to the man. The man is a professor. 三. 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空 1. The house _______ we live in is very big. 2. The boy ______ is wearing the black jacket is very clever. 3. This is the present _____ he gave me for my birthday. 4. The man _______ talked to you just now is an engineer. 5. He talked about the teachers and schools _______ he had visited. 6. There is nothing in the world _______ can frighten him. 7. She wears a gold ring, _______ is very uncommon in our class. 8. We visited a factory _______ makes toys for children. 9. Is this the place _______ your father once lived? 10. I’ll never forget the days _______ I joined the League. 【练习答案】 一. 二. boy who was here a minute ago is my younger brother. 2. The old man who teaches chemistry in a college is a professor. 3. Beijing Hotel where the foreign visitors live is near Tian An Men Square. 4. The woman whom you were talking about is here now. 5. This is the hall where we listened to the report the other day. 6. The car which just passed us was going 90 miles an hour. 7. The man who waved us was my uncle. 8. I enjoyed reading the book you gave me last week. 9. The subject I prefer is science. man I spoke to is a professor. 三. which that which that that

这篇关于初中英语语法定语从句专项讲解与训练，是 特地为大家整理的，希望对大家有所帮助！ 一、定语从句概念 定语从句（attributive clause），顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外，定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。 定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先行词。请看示例： The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 先行词 定语从句 在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： 格 先行词 主格 宾格 所有格 人 who whom whose 物 which which whose of which 人、物 that that — （一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法 who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如： An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。 I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school. 我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。 Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。 whom代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。例如： Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗？ This is the student whom my father taught ten years ago. 这是我爸爸十年前教的学生。 The girl who I saw is called Mary. 我见到的那个女孩名叫玛丽。（在非正式英语中，主格who代替了宾格whom，亦可省略） whose一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句作定语。例如： The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。 Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字，你知道吗？（关系代词whose指代先行词hotel，正式用法应该用of which。whose window=the window of which，意思是：the window of the hotel。） （二）关系代词which的用法 which代替物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如： I do not like stories which have unhappy endings. 我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说。（which可以换成that） Tom works for a factory which makes watches. 汤姆在一个制表厂工作。（which可以换成that） （三）关系代词that的用法 that既可指人又可指物，在当代英语中大多指物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如： Is she the girl that sells newspapers? 她是卖报纸的那个女孩吗？（that可以换成who） Where is the ice-cream that was in the fridge? 放在冰箱的冰激凌哪儿去了？（that可以换成which） Is this the book that you want to buy? 这是你要买的那本书吗？ （that可以换成which，在定语从句作宾语，还可以省略） 三、关系副词引导的定语从句 常用的关系副词只有三个：when, where, why，在定语从句中充当时间、地点和原因状语。它们的用法大家不妨记住一个口诀： the time when the place where the reason why （一）关系副词when的用法 关系副词when代替的先行词表示的是时间，when在定语从句作时间状语。例如： In Beijing July and August are the months when it rains very often. 北京的七月和八月是常下雨的月份。（when先行词是months） Do you remember the day when we first went to the Summer Palace? 你还记得我们第一次去颐和园的那一天吗？（when先行词是day， 当代英语里when可以用that替代，这时关系代词that就变成了表示时间的关系副词） I haven’t seen her since the year when I left Tokyo. 自从我离开东京的那一年我就一直没见到过她。（when先行词是year，同样when可以用that代替） （二）关系副词where的用法 关系副词where代替的先行词表示的是地点，where在定语从句作地点状语。例如： During the Spring Festival I went back to the town where I was brought up. 春节期间，我回到了生我养我的家乡。（where的先行词是town） This is the place where Li Bai once lived. 这是李白曾经生活过的地方。（where先行词是place） 上面这个句子不可以将where改为that，因为that不能作为表示地点的关系副词。试比较下句： This is the place that Li Bai once visited. 这是李白曾经游览过的地方。（that的先行词同样是place，但这个that是关系代词，在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略，还可以用which替换） （三）关系副词why的用法 关系副词why代替的先行词表示的是原因，why在定语从句作原因状语。例如： The reason why I am phoning you is to ask you whether you have got my email. 我打电话给你的原因是想问问你是否收到了我的电子邮件。（why先行词是reason， 当代英语里why可以用that替代，这时关系代词that就变成了表示原因的关系副词，还可以将why省略） This is the reason why he came late to school. 这就是他为什么上学迟到的原因。（why先行词是reason，why可以用that替代，还可以省略） 注意：如果上面的句子将the reason省略，那么这个句子就变成了（This is why he came late to school. ）表语从句，句子意思丝毫未变。 四、特殊关系代词as引导的定语从句 as是个比较特殊的关系代词，一是用在某些句型搭配里，二是独立于主句之外。下面分别讲解。 （一）在固定搭配as…as, so…as, such…as, the same…as中，as引导定语从句 You may take as many books as you want. 你想要拿多少书就拿多少。（第一个as是副词，修饰many的；第二个as才是关系代词，代替先行词books，在定语从句中作宾语） I have got such a computer as yours. 我有一台你这样的电脑。（as是关系代词，代替先行词computer，在定语从句中作表语，因为yours后省略了is ） I have never seen so beautiful a place as Guilin. 我从未见过像桂林那样美丽的地方。（as是关系代词，代替先行词place，在定语从句中作表语，因为Guilin后省略了is ） （二）独立于主句之外，as引导定语从句 As we know, the earth turns around the sun. 正如我们所知，地球围绕太阳旋转。 As is known to us, （As we know和 As is known to us均为定语从句，as分别作宾语和主语，替代后面的主句。） Taiwan is, as you know, is an inseparable part of China. 你知道，台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。（关系代词as指代整个主句，在定语从句中作宾语。） 五、关系代词who, which与that的区别 （一）关系代词who与that的区别 1. 当关系代词用作主语时，多用主格who。例如： He who loses hope loses all. 失去希望的人就失去一切。（先行词为代词he, they, any, all, one等时，多用who） I met Alice, who told me that she was learning Chinese. 我遇见艾丽斯，她告诉我她在学汉语。（在非限制性定语从句中，用who） 2. 当关系代词用作介词后的宾语时，用宾格whom，不用that。例如： The man to whom our headmaster talked just now is our English teacher. 我们校长刚才与他谈话的那个人是我们的英语老师。（介词与关系代词紧密相连时，只能用宾格whom，不可用主格who） 注意：介词与关系代词不是紧密相连时，或者说介词放在句子后面时，这时可以用主格who，也可用that，还可以省略关系代词。因此，上面的这句话还可以有如下四种说法： (1) The man whom our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher. (2) The man who our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher. (3) The man that our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher. (4) The man our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher. 第4句简洁、自然，所以口语中用得最多。 3. 当关系代词泛指人时，多用that。例如： He is a man that is never afraid of failure. 他是个从不怕失败的人。（that用来泛指人） 4. 当关系代词出现在who开头的疑问句时，应用that。例如： Who is the girl that is talking to Tom in English? 用英语同汤姆交谈的那个女孩是谁？（避免重复使用who，以免造成误解或语义含混不清） （二）关系代词which与that的区别 1. 当先行词为all, much, little以及不定代词anything, something, everything等时，关系代词多用that。例如： All that glitters is not gold. 闪闪发光物，未必尽黄金。 She told me everything that she knew. 她把她所知道的一切都告诉了我。 2. 当先行词的前面有形容词级、序数词或限定词the only, the very, all, every, any, no等时，关系代词一般都用that。例如： This is the best novel that I have ever read. 这是我读过的的一部小说。 He is the only person that has been invited to the ball. 他是惟一应邀参加舞会的人。 3. 当关系代词出现在which开头的疑问句时，应用that。例如： Which was the hotel that was recommended to the foreign guest? 哪一个是推荐给外宾的宾馆？（这里使用that很明显是为了避免重复which） 4. 在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词一般只用which。例如： Beijing, which is the capital of the People’s Republic of China, will host the 2008 Olympic Games. 北京是中华人民共和国的首都，将主办2008年奥运会。 5. 介词后的关系代词用which，而不用that。例如： She has collected 600 stamps, 60% of which are German stamps. 她收集了600张邮票，其中60％是德国邮票。 六、定语从句的位置 如前所述，定语从句一般总是直接置于所修饰的名词或代词之后。有时候，定语从句与先行词之间插入了其他的短语，这样它们被分隔了，这种情况下的定语从句被称作隔离定语从句。例如： There was a girl upstairs who was shouting and crying, obviously mad. 楼上有一个女孩，大喊大叫。很明显，她疯了。（定语从句who was shouting and crying修饰the girl，被upstairs所隔开） A new master will come tomorrow who will teach you German. 明天要来一位新老师教你们德语了。（定语从句置于句末以示强调）

高中英语定语从句讲解及练习

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一、基本概念（一） 定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。（二） 先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。（三）关系代词和关系副词定语从句的引导词。与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词有：who, whom, which, that和whose, 另外，as也可充当关系代词。关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。关系副词有：when, where和why。在定语从句中充当状语。二、关系代词的用法（一）基本用法根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。如下表：关系词 先行词 从句成分 例句 备注关系代词 who 人 主语，宾语 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that whom 人 宾语 Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am workingThe boy (whom) she loved died in the war. whose 人，物 定语 I like those books whose topics are about boy whose father works abroad is my classmate. that 人，物 主语，宾语 A plane is a machine that can is the pop star (that) I want to see very much. which 物 主语，宾语 The book (which) I gave you was worth $ picture which was about the accident was terrible. as 人，物 主语，宾语 He is such a person as is respected by all of is the same pen as I lost yesterday. as做宾语一般不省略例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）① Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （作主语）② I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （作主语）③ The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （作宾语）④ This is the new secretary (who/whom/that) I would like to introduce to you. （作宾语）⑤ The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定语）注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。（见上例③④）（二）关系代词that代替which的一些情况which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。但在有些情况下，只用 that。⑴ 先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。例如：① This is the best that has been used against pollution.② English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.⑵ 先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。例如：① This is the last place (that) I want to visit.② It is the first American movie of this kind that I’ve ever seen.⑶ 先行词是 all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等代词时。例如：① You should hand in all that you have.② We haven’t got much that we can offer you.⑷ 先行词前面有the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all, much, every等修饰时。例如：① The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.② The little money (that) he had was stolen.（三）宜用who, 而不用that的一些情况⑴ 先行词是one, ones, anyone时。例如：① One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.② Don’t tell anyone about the news who oughtn’t to know it.⑵先行词是those时。例如：① Those who were not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes made of the magic cloth.（四）其它情况⑴ 先行词既有人又有物时。例如：① Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?② The bike and its rider that had run over an old man were taken to the police station.⑵ 主句已有疑问词who 或which时。例如：① Which is the bike that you lost?② Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?（五）与whose有关的问题⑴ whose是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。例如：① I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.② Please show me the book whose cover is red.⑵ 当whose表示物与物的所有格关系时，亦可用of which的形式。例如：① The building whose roof you can see from here is a new restaurant.→ The building, the roof of which you can see from here, is a new restaurant.或→ The building, of which the roof you can see from here is a new restaurant.三、介词前提的问题关系代词在定语从句中充当介词宾语时，介词可以前提至关系代词前。例如：Have you seen the pen (which) I wrote the note with just now? （which作介词with的宾语）→Have you seen the pen with which I wrote the note just now? 但是，要注意的是：⑴ 介词前提后，先行词是人或物，关系代词分别只能用whom和which，而不再用that或who。⑵ 介词前提后，关系代词不再能省略。⑶ 有些含有介词的短语动词中的介词不能前提，如：look for, look after, take care of等。例如：① 错误：Who is the old man to that you were talking to?正确：Who is the old man to whom you were talking ? 或 Who is the old man (that/ whom) you were talking to?② 错误：These are the sheep of which the boy took care.正确：These are the sheep (which/that) the boy took care of.四、关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中的主谓一致关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词在人称和数上应与先行词一致。例如：① Who is the guy that is reading over there?② The number of people that are going to the exhibition is expected to be over 25,000.③ All that needs to be done has been done.④ He is one of the students who use computer a lot for study.⑤ Timmy is the only one of the pupils that has failed the exam.例③中的all意为“一切”，作单数。例⑤中没通过考试的学生事实上只有一人，因此谓语动词也用单数。that与which, who, whom的用法区别：情况 用法说明 例句只用that的情况 1． 先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代词时。2． 先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰时3． 先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时4． 先行词既指人又指物时5． 先行词被the only, the very修饰时6． 句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时 1. He told me everything that he . All the books that you offered have been given . This is the best film that I have ever . We talked about the persons and things that we . He is the only man that I want to . Who is the man that is making a speech?只用which, who, whom的情况 1． 在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人2． 在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。3． 先行词本身是that时，关系词用which, 先行词为those, one, he时多用who。 1. He has a son, who has gone abroad for further . I like the person to whom the teacher is . Those who respect others are usually respected by others.二、语法知识拓展（一）选择适当的关系代词that, which, who, whom或whose，把下列句子补充完整。1. Rice is a plant ________ is grown in the . Those ________ want to go please sign their names . All ________ glitters is not . This is the only way leads to your . Both the girl and her dog were crossing the street were hit by a coming . This is the biggest building ________we have ever built in our . This is the second school ________ I used to work at, and many students there still have contact with . There is a mountain ________ top is always covered with . You can take any seat ________ is . Could you tell me from _________ you borrowed this book?（二）用定语从句合并下列句子1. The lady is a film star. You took a photo of the lady . What’s the address of the factory? We noticed the advertisement of the factory the other . This is the stadium He often goes to the stadium on Sundays. ________________________________________________________________________4. A professor is going to give us a speech this Friday afternoon. He has been working on environmental protection. ________________________________________________________________________5. He hasn’t got enough money. He can buy a laptop with the money. ________________________________________________________________________（三）单项填空1. Who is the woman is sweeping the floor over there?A. who B. / C. that D. when 2. The doctor is leaving for Africa next . the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talking C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking 3. He talked about a hero no one had ever heard. A. of whom B. from whom C. about that D. who4. Have you read the book I lent to you? A. that B. whom C. when D. whose5. American women usually identify their best friend as someone ______ they can talk . who B. as C. about which D. with whom6. Recently I bought a second-hand car was very . which price B. the price of whose C. its price D. whose price7. Lily, is Helen ______ you want to introduce me to?A. that B. who C. whom D. the girl8. The professors talked with us about the beautiful schools and the experienced teachers ______ they had . that B. who C. which D. what9. This is the only bus ______ goes to the village . / B. that C. where D. it10. Is there a shop around _______sells China Daily?A. who B. where C. in which D. which11. She was the only one of the girls in our class _______ accepted as candidate for the president of our Students’ . who was B. who were C. who has been D. who have been12. She is no longer the sweet little girl ______ she used to be. A. what B. who C. when D. that13. Is this singer ______ songs you like best?A. who’s B. whose C. which D the one whose14. He got angry with _____ was against his . who B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who15. Anyone _____with what I said may raise your . which agrees B. who agree C. who agrees D. which agree16. That’s the dog . we’ve been looking after B. after which we’ve been lookingC. what we’ve been looking after D. we’ve been taking care for17. This is the last time ______ I’ll give you a . when B. that C. what D. as18. The family _____ I stayed with in Paris are coming to . whose B. which C. what D. whom19. This is the very knife ______ I used to cut apples . that B. by which C. which D. with which20. China has many rivers, _____ the Yangtze River is the longest..A. which B. in which C. among which D. one of which21. The use they are ______ the waste helps to save a lot of . made of B. made from C. making up of D. making of22. That tree, the branches ______ are almost bare, is a very old . whose B. in which C. of which D. of it23. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ______ she could turn for help. A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom24. What is the way Smith thought of ______ enough money to buy the new house?A. getting B. having got C. being got D. to get25. Jack spent as much time as he could ______ over his . going B. went C. go D. to go 26. The freezing point is the temperature ______ water changes into ice. A. at which B. on that C. when D. of which27. I am impressed by the fact that he makes good use of every minute _____ he can spare. A. that B. in which C. in that D. when28. This is the last time ______ I will write to you. A. when B. that C. what D. as29. I don’t like the way ______ he spoke to me. A. what B. by which C. by that D. /30. The train ______ he was traveling was delayed for more than an hour. A. by which B. on which C. for which D. on that参考答案（一）选择适当的关系代词that, which, who, whom或whose，把下列句子补充完整。1. that/which 2. who 3. that 4. that 5. that 6. (that) 7. (that) 8. whose 9. that 10. whom（二）用定语从句合并下列句子1. The lady (that/who/whom) you took a photo of yesterday is a film . What’s the address of the factory whose advertisement we noticed the other day?3. This is the stadium he often goes to on . A professor who/that has been working on environmental protection is going to give us a speech this Friday . He hasn’t got enough money with which he can buy a laptop.（三）单项填空1-5 CCAAD 6-10 DDABD 11-15 ADBCC 16-20 ABDAC 21-25 DCDDA 26-30 AABDB

高中定语从句详细讲解（一）定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father是定语从句，修饰先行词the man， “who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意：关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3．Which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。4．That指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？The person that /whom you introduced to me is very kind. 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。The season that / which comes after spring is summer. 春天以后的季节是夏季。Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia. 昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。5．Whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：The classroom whose door is broken will soon be classroom the door of which is broken will soon be you like the book whose cover is yellow?Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?

Susan is not the brilliant writer _____ she used to . which B. that C. who D. whomThey stayed with me for three weeks, _____ they drank all the wine I had. A. which B. which time C. during which D. during which time It is the one of the best . which have been made in China B. that has ever been made in China C. that have ever been made in China D. which has been made in ChinaThe old man finally got a chance to visit the school, _____ he used to study, _____ he had been dreaming of for . that… which B. where… that C. in which…what D. where…which_____ all that _____ to be done been done? A. Have...have B. Have…has C. Has…has D. Has…have--Why am I so slow at doing the cloze test? --I guess you didn't realize the use ______ the . you should have made of B. you must have made fromC. from which you could have made D. out of which you need makeDon’t leave the knife _____. Which is wrong?A. in a place where children can get it B. where children can get itC. in a place which is within children’s reach D. in which children can get it I’m looking for a present for my mother’s birthday, _____ she can use and at a reasonable price. A. that B. one C. what D. whichThe curious child didn’t believe the fact . that most of them thought it to be true B. most of them thought to be trueC. what most of them thought was true D. as most of them thought trueNothing but a few pictures _____ given to Tom, _____ he was fond . was…which B. were…which C. was…that D. were…thatThe conclusion _____ the police came to _____ he was innocent didn’t satisfy . that…which B. /…that C. which…which D. that…/Among all the contestants, only Mary _____ had supposed could win the first . who B. / C. I D. thatTo save money for my education, my mother often takes on more work _____ good for . than what is B. than that is C. than it is D. than isI feel disappointed as the new house isn’t quite _____ it should be. A. as B. that C. what D. whichThe scientists and technicians overcame a lot of difficulty _____ the personal . they had developing B. having developing C. they had developed D. that had to develop 答案是BDBDC ADBBA BCDCA1B。当先行词为主句的表语，或者关系代词为从句的表语的时候，那么只能选that。这是13种只能用that的情况中的一种。2D他们和我在一起三个星期了，在那段时间里，他们喝光了我所有的酒。先行词后面的关系词在从句中是作为状语的，所以首先排除A，which作为状语，就只能在其前面加一个介词，这是因为介词+which=关系副词，故而排除B，而在非限制性定语从句中表示时间状语的，就只能用during which time。3B这是目前为止中国拍得最好的一部片子了。定语从句中如果先行词被最高级修饰，那么关系代词一定是that，因此排除A,D。中心词虽然是the best films，但前面还有一个one，同时it后面的is 也很好地暗示了从句中谓语动词只能用单数，所以选B4D，这个老人最终有机会访问他曾经就读过的学校，他梦想回到母校已多年了。Study是一个不及物动词，因此后面没有必要加宾语，因此排除A,后半句是一个非限制性定语从句，其中dream of的of 缺少一个宾语，所以得选一个关系代词，故而排除B，这里是定语从句，而不是主语从句所以排除C，which指代的是got a chance to visit the school这件事，因而选which5C那些必须去做的事做完了吗？all指人时,动词用复数;all指物时,动词用单数所以这两个空，都选择has，排除A,B,D6A 为啥我做填空如此之慢？我猜你没有意识到去运用（make the use of ）上下文。从 didn’t可以确定，前面说到的那个人没有利用，should have done 本应该而没有，正好与原题题意相符，因此选A7D，不要把刀放在孩子容易够得着的地方，介词+which结构中的介词往往是根据定语从句中谓语动词的固定搭配来决定的。而 get in的意思是1.进入，参加；收（获），收回；插入（放） 2.收获；收(税等)；抵达 3.进入, 收获，达到。 Get in 虽然有达到的意思，但是get in 中的in后面的which应该是指代地点，而前面没有表示地点的先行词place，只有一个knife，也就是说D是缺少了一个先行词。如果D换成in a place in which children can get it则可以8Bpresent和后半句之间有逗号隔开，但后半句不是非限制性定语从句。如果是的话，那么后半句应该是____she can use and is at a reasonable price. 如果没有了is 的话，那么and 后面的at a reasonable price就不能和空格中的关系词构成一个完整句了。所以关系词one是一个同位语。后面一半是同位语从句，而另一半是介词短语作为同位语one的后置定语。9B 这道题的陷阱就是考生对于见到the fact that时 的定势思维。如果这是一个the fact that引导的同位语从句，那么that后面应该是对fact的具体阐释，如the fact that地球围绕太阳转。但选项中most of them thought it to be true不是对fact的具体阐释，而是人们对fact 的看法，这就是这道题的玄机所在。因此这是一个宾语从句，the fact也是作为thought的宾语，因此关系代词that可以省略，还原之后就是The curious child didn’t believe the fact （that） most of them thought to be true10A当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。因此第一个空用单数，后半句是一个非限制性定语从句，fond of 后面少了一个宾语，而非限制性定语从句中which正好可以充当宾语，因此选A11B警察得出他无罪的结论不能让众人满足。你要注意：“警察得出的结论”中的“的”说明The conclusion _____ the police came to 是一个定语从句，The conclusion_____ he was innocent.才是一个同位语从句。因此第一个空选that或者which都无所谓，第二个空必然为that。从这题可以看出，命题人的一大乐趣就是在一个从句里面安插其他干扰性成分，然考生出错，这题和第九题还是很相似的考法。所以，考生须学会怎样根据句子的结构来简化句子，找到解题的思路。12C在所有的参赛者当中,（人们）认为只有Mary可以获得第一名。 Among all the contestants, only Mary could win the first prize.是主句。Suppose的所有用法中，只有be supposed to be 与题目的意思相吻合，所以had supposed是一个过去分词作为后置定语，而不是从句。13这题感觉是选A，这个句子考查了more than 的比较结构，其中than是一个连词，所以其语法属性相当于and。所以分析这个句子的语法结构的时候，more than是不造成语法干扰的，你可以把more than拿掉，原句就变为To save money for my education, my mother often takes on work __what is ___ good for 如果把空格后面的句子it should be 遮住，你会发现前面 isn’t quite后面缺少表语，而后面be动词后面也是缺少了一个表语，所以后半句是一个表语从句，表语从句中that是连词，不充当句子成分，what除了充当引导词还在从句中长当成分，所以选what15A在研发个人电脑的时候，科学家和技师们克服了许多困难。Difficulty很明显是一个定语从句，如果在had 和developing之间加一个逗号，你会发现，原来developing the personal computer是非谓语形式做伴随状语的。题干的中文还可以这样翻译： Developing the personal computer，the scientists and technicians overcame a lot of difficulty they had 。这句话和题干的意思是不是一模一样？？只不过这句话的伴随状语Developing the personal computer放到了前面，而题干是将之放到了后面！！只是语序变了一下就形成了难度。这是一道技巧性很强的题目，值得细细品味。追问非常感谢~感觉老师很强大···写了这么多，基本上搞清楚了··定语从句里面杂糅了那么多其他的句型，真是令人头疼还有那个第四题为什么排除b，那个that不能作关系代词么回答高中的语法只要把握了规律，再辅之以一定量的练习，并好好总结，不要为了做题而做题，做题的目的是把盲点扫除，就好说了。 _____ he had been dreaming of for years.是一个非限制性定语从句，而dream of的of 缺少宾语，所以既能引导非限制性定语从句，同时又能作为非限制性定语从句的宾语，就只能选which，而不能选that了，这就是排除B的原因啦。

初中英语状语从句讲解及练习

初中英语考点系统：状语从句【考点直击】时间状语从句　　when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once, as soon as,etc. 地点状语从句　　where,wherever 原因状语从句　　because, since, as, for, now that, etc. 目的状语从句　　in order that, so that, that, etc. 结果状语从句　　so…that, so that, such…that, that, etc. 条件状语从句　　if, unless, as(so)long as, etc. 让步状语从句　　though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, as,etc. 比较状语从句　　as…as, so…as, than, etc. 方式状语从句　　as, as if, as though, etc. 【名师点睛】用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。1. 时间状语从句(1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。例如：It was raining hard when got to school he was doing his homework, the telephone he walked along the lake, he sang had learned a little Chinese before he came to he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.(2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New will tell him everything when he comes won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：The young man read till the light went ’s wait until the rain won’t start until Bob ’t get off until the bus . 条件状语从句(1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如：What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to.(2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：I’ll help you with your English if am free won’t be late unless he is ill.(3)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：Hurry up, or you’ll be late.=If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be hard and you will pass the exam.=If you study hard, you will pass the . 原因状语从句(1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如：He didn’t come to school because he was it is raining, we shall not go the you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else.(2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如：------Why aren’t going there?------Because I don’t want he has no car, he can’t get there we have no money, we can’t buy it.(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。4. 结果状语从句(1)结果状语从句由so…that, such…that, so that引导。例如：He is so poor that he can’t buy a bike for his is such a good teacher that everybody likes pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldn’t see it.(2)so…that语such...that可以互换。例如：在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是: “...so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”。例如：He was so glad that he couldn’t say a hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do had such long arms that he could almost touch the made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如：It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.(3)如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用such。例如：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild has so little time that he can’t go to the cinema with . 比较状语从句比较状语从句通常由as…as, 比较级 + than…等连词引导。例如：Tom runs faster than John classroom is as big as that . 目的状语从句(1)目的状语从句通常由 so that, in order that引导。例如：We started early so that we could catch the first studies hard so that he could work better in the used the computer in order that we might save time.(2)so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might等。2)从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句)Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句)7. 让步状语从句(1)让步状语从句通常由although, though等连词引导。例如：Though he is young, he knows a I am tired, I must go on working.(2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.应该说：Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went . 地点状语从句 地点状语从句常常由where来引导。例如： Go where you like. Where there is a will, there is a way. 【实例解析】 will stay healthy _______ you do more exercise, such as running and walking. A. if B. how C. before D. where 答案：A。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看，从句应是一个条件状语从句，在这四个选项中只有if能引导条件状语从句，所以选A。 we go on working? ---Yes, _________ I prefer to have a rest. A. when B. if C. because D. though 答案：D。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看，只有选though才能说得通。 of us knew what had happened _________ they told us about it. A. when B. until C. after D. though 答案：B。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词选择。本句的意思是“在……以前我们没人知道这件事。”要表达着一意思应用“not…until” 这一句型。 hope you’ll enjoy your trip, dear! ---Thank you, mum. I’ll give you a call _________ I get there. A. until B. as soon as C. since D. till 答案：B。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。本题的意思是“一到那里，我就给你打电话。”要表达这个意思应选用as soon as。 一. 单项填空1. _______ he’s old, he can still carry this heavy bag. A. Though B. Since C. For D. So2. ---Do you know if he _______ to play basket ball with us? ---I think he will come if he ______ free tomorrow. A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be3. In the zoo if a child _____ into the water and can’t swim, the dolphins may come up ______ him. A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; help D. falls; helping4. I don’t remember ________ he worked in that city when he was young. A. what B. which C. where D. who5. We will stay at home if my aunt ________ to visit us tomorrow. A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming6. The police asked the children _______ cross the street ________ the traffic lights turned green. A. not; before B. don’t; when C. not to; until D. not; after7. I was late for class yesterday _______ there was something wrong with my bike. A. when B. that C. until D. because8. I’ll go swimming with you if I ________ free tomorrow. A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was9. In the exam, the ________ you are, ______ the _______ mistakes you will make. A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less10. You should finish your lessons _______ you go out to play. A. before B. after C. when D. while11. I hurried _____ I wouldn’t be late for class. A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless12. When you read the book, you’d better make a mark _______ you have any questions. A. which B. that C. where D. though13. The teacher raised his voice _______ all the students could hear him. A. for B. so that C. because D. in order14. He took off his coat _______ he felt hot. A. because B. as C. if D. since15. It is ______ that we’d like to go out for a walk. A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day16. Mary had ______ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day. A. such B. so C. too D. very17. _______ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work. A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if18. ______ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As19. ______ well you can drive, you must drive carefully. A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The moment20. Write to me as soon as you ________ to Beijing. A. will get B. get C. getting D. got 二. 根据中文意思完成下列英语句子1. 不管他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。 I am not angry with him, _______ _______ ______ jokes he ______ on . 布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当作母亲。 Mrs. Bruce was _______ kind to her students ______ they ______ her _____ their . 只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。 Our parents will be pleased with our performance _____ _____ ______ we try our . 你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？ Will you please call me ______ ______ ______ you get to . 这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。 The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano ______ ______ ______ she has kept practicing for two . 虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。 _______ _______ ______ _______, she kept on learning English by . 他长大后相当一名记者。 He wants to be a journalist ______ _______ _______ . 无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。_______ _______ windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to get to . 如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。 ______ ______ ______ _____ _______ to protecting the environment, the world will become much more . 李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。 Li Ming didn’t come to school _______ _______ ______ ______. 【练习答案】一. 二. 1. no matter what; plays ; that; regarded; as 3. as long as 4. as long as 5. so much that 6. Though she was busy 7. when he grows up it’s 9. If everyone makes a contribution 10. because he was ill

状语从句，在整个主句中做状语成分，一般分为：1、时间状语从句，由when, whenever, while,as,before,after,as soon as, until, since等引导从句。 例如，When he was young, he couldnot go to school. （当）他年轻的时候没能上学。 when he was young 作为一个状语从句，在整个主句做状语。2、条件状语从句，由if ,unless, in case, as long as, provided(=if)等词引导从句 例如，As long as he insists, I think I will let him come 0ver here. 只要他坚持，我想我会让他过来。3、地点状语从句，由where, whereever 引导 例如，Xiaohong is welcomed wherever she goes. 小红不管走到哪儿都受到欢迎。4、原因状语从句，由because,since, as, for,now that 引导。 Now that my head had cleared,my brain was also beginning to work much better. 由于我的头部症状已经消失，脑子也开始变得灵活得多。5、方式状语从句，由as, as if, as though,, in the way 引导 When at Rome do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。6、结果状语从句，由so that, that, such that 引导7、目的状语从句，由so that, that, in order that 引导8、比较状语从句，由than, as....as...., the more....the more等引导 I can run faster than you 、让步状语从句，由though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, whoever,等引导 I will help you even if I donot sleep for a night. 即使一晚上不睡我也会帮助你。 以上就是系统的几个状语从句，希望对你有帮助！ (衢州水龙吟英语)

在句子中做条件状语的从句称为条件状语从句。可置于句首、句尾，有时还可置于主语和谓语之间。引导条件状语从句的连接词有：if ,unless,as/so long as等 引导的条件状语从句 表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。 If we pay much attention to the earth, we'll have a better world. 如果我们多关爱地球，就会拥有一个更美好的世界 If it rains tomorrow, what shall we do? 如果明天下雨，我们怎么办？ 注意：if还可以引导虚拟条件句，表示不可实现的条件，从句中多用一般过去时或过去完成时。What would happen if there were no water ?如果没有水会怎样？引导的条件状语从句unless的意思是如果不，除非。可与if...not互换。You will fail in English unless you work hard.你英语考试会不及格的，除非你更加努力。 /so long as引导的条件状语从句 as /so long as意思是“只要”So long as you're happy,i will be happy.只要你高兴，我就高兴。引导的条件状语从句once引导的条件状语从句，意为“一旦...，就”，从句可置于主句前或后Once you begin,never stop.一旦开始，就绝不要停止Maths is easy to learn once you understand the rules.一旦你理解了规则，数学就不难学了。提示：在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。If the weather is bad next week, we'll put off the climbing.如果下周天气不好，我们将推迟爬山。Father told me if i worked hard he would buy me a gift.爸爸告诉我，如果我努力学习，他会给我买一份礼物。

状语从句是英语语法中的常用句型语法，那么大家是否清楚什么是状语从句呢?下面就是我给大家带来的初中英语状语从句详细解析，希望能帮助到大家!

状语从句详细解析

一、什么是状语、状语从句?

状语：是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句用的。

eg：He works hard! (他努力工作)中的hard。

状语的位置：

修饰形容词或副词的状语放在被修饰语之前。

eg：The Summer Palace is very beautiful.颐和园非常美丽。

(very 为状语，修饰形容词 beautiful，放在 beautiful 之前)。

修饰动词的状语有的放在动词前，有的放在动词之后。

如果动词有宾语，状语一般须放在宾语之后。

eg： I He often came here to see me.他经常到这里来看我。(often 为状语，修饰动词came，放在前面)。

I know him well.我十分了解他。(well为状语，修饰动词 know，放在 know 之后)。

状语从句：用一个 句子 (从句)来作另一个句子(主句)的状语，用作状语的句子就叫作状语从句。作什么样的状语就叫什么类型的状语从句。例如：条件状语从句就是用一个句子来作条件状语。

二、状语从句的分类。

(1)时间状语从句

凡是从句都必须有引导词，引导时间状语从句的词有when，before，after，until，as soon as，while 等，具体用法如下：

1. when 意为“当……时”，引导时间状语从句，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生。

eg: I feel very happy when you come to see me.

When you are crossing the street，you must be careful.

when引导的时间状语从句，when的从句可以用延续性动词，也可以用瞬间动词。

eg：He was working at the table when I went in. 。

Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping.

I will visit my good friend when I have time.

注：when也可以作并列连词，表示一个动词正在进行的时候，突然间发生了另外一件事。

eg: I was fishing by the river，when someone called for help.

We were working in the chemistry lab，when the lights went out.

2. before 意为“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句时，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。 eg: We cleaned the classroom before we left school yesterday.

He had been a cook before he went to college .

after 意为“在……之后”，引导时间状语从句时，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。

eg: After you use plastic bags，you mustn't throw them about.

He called me after he had finished his work.

注：若主句和从句两个动作发生的先后顺序十分接近，那么也可以不用完成时态，如上面的 第二句可改成：He called me after he finished his work.

3. since引导的时间状语从句，译为“自从……”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。

eg: I have taught English, since I came to Shenzhen.

注：常用句型：It is +时间段+since从句 译为：自从……有多长时间了。

eg. It is six years since she graduated from the university.

4. until 意为“直到……时”，引导时间状语从句时，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。

当主句的谓语动词是持续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式;当主句的谓语动词是非持续性动词时，从句常用否定形式，not…until… 意为“直到……才……”，这时的until可以用before 来替换。

eg：I'll stay here until you come back.

我会呆在这里，直到你回来。 (stay表示的 动作可以持续)

He didn't go to bed until he finished his homework.

他直到做完作业才睡觉。(go to bed 表示的动作不能持续)

5. as soon as 意为“一……就……”，表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。

eg：I'll tell him about it as soon as he comes back.

6. while引导的时间状语从句，常译为“与……同时，在……期间”，while的从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的词。

eg. They rushed in while we were discussing problems.

Father was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games.

注：while也可以作并列连词，表转折的关系，相当于but，译为“然而”。

eg. I like listening to music，while my brother likes doing sports.

7. till和until引导的时间状语从句，译为“直到……为止”，not … till / until引导的时间状语从句，译为“直到……才”。前者强调主句动作的结束，用延续性动词，后者强调主句动作的开始，用瞬间动词。

eg. I will wait for my friend until / till he comes. 我要一直等到我朋友来。

We won't start our discussion until / till he comes.

我们要等到他来了，再开始我们的讨论。

(2)条件状语从句

1.条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。

eg：What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?

Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to.

2.在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。(主将从现)

eg：I’ll help you with your English if I am free tomorrow.

He won’t be late unless he is ill.

3.“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。

eg：Hurry up, or you’ll be late.=If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.

Study hard and you will pass the exam.

=If you study hard, you will pass the exam.

(3) 原因状语从句

1.原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。

eg：He didn’t come to school because he was ill.

As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.

Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else.

2. because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。

eg：------Why aren’t going there? ------Because I don’t want to.

As he has no car, he can’t get there easily.

3. because和so不能同用在一个句子里。

For 语气最弱，它所引导的分句必须放主句后面，引补充说明作用。

eg：Put on more clothes, for it's cold outside.

注：because, since, as, for 的区别

语气　　　　　　　　位置　　　　　　　　　意义

because　　　　最强　　　　　　　　前或后　　　　　 “原因”;表客观因果关系;回答“”

as　　　　　　 较强　　　　　　　　 前　　　　　　 　“由于”;把众人所知的事实当作理由

since　　　　　 较弱　　　　　　　　 前　　　　　　 　“既然”;就对方陈述的事实作为理由

for　　　　　　 最弱　　　　　　　　 后　　　　　　 “理由”;对某一事实进行推断的理由

(4)地点状语从句

常用where(哪里)和wherever(无论哪里)

eg. Where there is a will，there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。

We will go wherever the motherland need us most. 我们要到祖国最需要的地方去。

初中英语宾语从句讲解及练习

《初中英语语法梳理和提高19宾语从句讲解 试题》由留学英语组我整理()。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。 知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！ 1．在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语) 2． 宾语从句的引导词有三类： (1)以that 引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导句形式的宾语从句， that可以省略。eg, The radio says (that) the clouds will lift later on. She told me (that) she would like to go with us. (2)以连接代词which, what, who等或连接副词how, where, why 等引导的宾语从句，从句是陈述语序 eg, Could you tell me what's the matter with u? I want to know how soon it will begin. (3)以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序 eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei . 3．宾语从句的时态 (1)当主句为一般现在时态、现在进行时态、或一般将来时态时，从句可用所需要的任何时态。 eg, I want to know what time he got up this morning. You are telling me that you won't stop until tomorrow? (2)当主句为一般过去时态时， 从句要用于过去有关的时态。 eg,They asked what Jean was doing now . Linda said that the train had left. (3)当从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时，宾语从句要使用一般现在时。 eg, Lisa asked whether light travels faster than sound. Polly said no news is a good news 注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用， 但有些情况例外。 1.当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic. 2.引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时， 只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not? 当如果讲时， 引导的是条件状语从句， 这时不能用whether. eg, You can't work the plan out if you don't have the meeting . 例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！ teacher asked the students ________. A. if they were interested in dinosaurs B. when was Albert Einstein born C. what they will do with the computers D. how many trees they have planted 解析：宾语从句中从句应保持陈述语序，答案B首先删去，主句一般过去式，从句要用于过去有关的时态，删去答案C和D,答案A中的if 意为如果. 应选A you tell me _______ ? the matter is with you B. what was the matter with you C. hat's the matter with you D. what's the wrong with you . 解析：what 就是从句的主语，what's the matter with you 本身就是陈述语序，因此删掉A; 主句可看作是委婉的请求，并是一般过去式，可删去答案B; wrong 前不用加the, 因此此题选 C. asked me _______ I could sing the song "My Heart will Go On." A. if B. weather D. that 解析：此句应选含有疑问意思的关系代词， 故删去D；weather 意为天气，根据句意应选A. teacher told us that the moon _________ round the earth. A. went B. turned D. turns 解析：从句是一个客观真理，因此从句的时态不受主句影响。 应选 D 5. It makes no difference __________. will you come tomorrow. or not will be pass the exam he will come to the meeting or not he will come to the meeting or not 解析：答案A和B从句不是陈述语序先删掉,if 不能与 not 连用。因此此题选D 6. They don't know _______ their parents are. B. what C. why D. which 解析：what 表示职业， 因此选B. 7. I am sure _______ you said is true. A. what B. that C. which D. who 解析：根据句意应用what , 做said 的内容， 你所说的话。应选A. 8. The old man told us _______ and ________. A. to do what , to do how B. what to do it, how to do it C. what to do, how to do it D. what to do , how to do 解析： 疑问词what 即连接不定式，又做 do 的宾语； 而在how 引导的不定式短语中， how 表示方式， do 为及物动词， 因此需接宾语才正确 应选C 练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！ you know when the World Cup ________ next week? --- Next Friday. When it ________, I will ring you. A. begins, begins B. begins, will begin C. will begin, will begin D. will begin, begins Today or tomorrow? --- What are you talking about? --- We are talking about _______ to give a talk on WTO. A. how B. where C. when D. what 3. I wonder _________. A. where does he live B. where he live C. he lives where D. where he lives 4. --- Are you sure you have to ? It's been very late. --- I don't know _____ I can do it if not now. A. where B. why C. when D. how 5. ---Would you please tell me _________? --- In a small village near Niingbo. A. where was your mother born B. where your mother was born C. when was your mother born D. when your mother was born 6. The photograph will show you ________. A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 7. --- Can you guess if they _______ to play basketball with us? --- I think they'll come if they _________ free. come, will be B. will come, are C. come, are D. come, will be 8. ---Where does he come from ? --- Pardon? --- I asked where_________. A…. did he come from B. he came from C. he comes from D. does he come from 9. She wondered __________. A. how much he cost the computer B. how much he paid for the computer C. how much the computer will cost him D. how much did he spend on the computer 10. ---Do you know ________? --- I'm not sure. Maybe he is a businessman. A. who he is B. who is he C. what he does D. what does he do 1-5 DCDCB 6-10 BBBBA 《初中英语语法梳理和提高19宾语从句讲解 试题》由留学英语组我整理()

在学习中，我们在多处都见到了宾语从句。其实，在以前的课文中，我们也接触过它。那么，宾语从句好学吗？其实，说来很简单的，来看看我为你准备的宾语从句之攻克秘笈吧！秘笈一：引导词宾语从句的引导词常常有以下三种：由陈述句转化而来的宾语从句，引导词为that，that在口语或非正式文体中可省略；由一般疑问句转化而来的宾语从句，引导词为if或whether；由特殊疑问句转化而来的宾语从句，引导词为句子本身的特殊疑问词，即what，when，where等。如：I think（that）he will come here by train. 我认为他会坐火车来这儿的。He asked me if / whether I know his new address. 他问我是否知道他的新地址。I want to know when you got back home yesterday. 我想知道你昨天什么时候到家的。秘笈二：语序宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序，即“主语+谓语+宾语+其他”。也就是说，将疑问句转化成宾语从句时，一定要将疑问句语序转变成陈述句语序。如：Can you tell me what he will do tomorrow? 你能告诉我他明天将要做什么吗？【友情提示】当疑问句在宾语从句中做主语时，语序不变。如：Do you know what makes him so excited? 你知道什么事使他如此兴奋吗？I don’t know what is wrong with him. 我不知道他出什么事了。秘笈三：时态主句为一般现在时态，则宾语从句根据实际情况用任意的时态；但主句为一般过去时态时，宾语从句则要用过去的相对应的某种时态。例如：She tells me that she will come by bus. 她说她将要坐公交车来。She told me that she would come by bus. 她说她将要坐公交车来。【友情提示】如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理或是科学事实，其谓语动词仍用一般现在时态。如：Our teacher told us that the sun is much bigger than the moon.老师告诉我们说太阳比月球大得多。练一练：单项选择（ ）1. Please tell me___ ___. I have some good news for . where Robert lives B. where does Robert liveC. where Robert lived D. where did Robert live （2008 重庆市）（ ）2. —We don’t know ．—It is said that he was born in Canada． A．what he is B．when he was born C．where he comes from D．if he lives here （2008 广东汕头）（ ）3. —May I come in? I’m sorry I am late.—Come in, please. But could you please tell me ______?A. why you are late again B. what were you doing thenC. who you talked with D. how do you came to school （2008 河南省）（ ）4. Could you tell me________?A. When will Mary come back B. When Mary comes backC. When Mary will come back （2008 青海省）（ ）5.—What did you say just now? —I asked . that I could open the door B. could I open the doorC. how could I open the door D. how I could open the door （2008 四川资阳）（ ）6.—Do you know ________, Mike? —On May 12th,2008A. when the earthquake took place in Wen Chuan B. when did the earthquake take place in Wen ChuanC. when the earthquake will take place in Wen Chuan （2008 山西省）参考答案：1. A 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. A

在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。1．语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句＋连词＋宾语从句（主语＋谓语＋……）”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种：1）连接词＋谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有： who，what，which等。如：Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？你能告诉我谁知道答案吗？The small children don't know what is in their stockings．这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西？2）连接词＋名词＋谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如：He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class．他问我们班上谁的书法最好。The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room．老师问我们房间里有多少人。3）连接词＋主语＋谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有：who（m），what，which，how many，how much， when，why，how，where，if ／whether（在句中不充当任何成分）等。如：He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi．他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。Could you tell me what I should do with the money ？你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗？4）连接词＋名词＋主语＋谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如：Do you know which class he is in ？你知道他在哪个班吗？She asked me if I knew whose pen it was．她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。2．连接词1）当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：He said that he could finish his work before supper．他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。2）当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如：I don't know if ／whether he still lives here after so many years．我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。但在下列情况下只能用whether：①在具有选择意义，又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether（if…or not也可以使用）。如：Let me know whether ／if he will come or not．（＝Let me know whether or not he will come）让我知道他是否能来。I don't know whether ／if he does any washing or not．（＝I don't know whether or not he does any washing．）我不知道他洗不洗衣服。I wonder whether we stay or whether wego．我不知道我们是去还是留。②在介词之后用whether。如：I'm interested in whether he likes English．我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time．我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。I worry about whether I hurt her feelings．我担心是否伤了她的感情。③在不定式前用whether。如：He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man．他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。I don't know whether to go．我不知去否。He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train．他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。④whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如：Whether this is true or not，I can't say．这是否真的我说不上来。⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如：Whether she will come or not is still a question．她是否能来还是个问题。The question is whether we can catch the bus．问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车。⑥若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。如：Please let me know if you like the book．可理解为：a．Please let me know whether you like the book．请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。b．If you like the book，please let me know．你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我。3）如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。如：Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning？你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗？3．时态含宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容：1）如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。如：I don't know when he will come back．我不知道他将何时回来。He tells me that his sister came back yesterday．他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。2）如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要，选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。如：①The children didn't know who he was．孩子们不知道他是谁。②He asked his father how it happened．他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的。3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun．老师说地球绕着太阳转。4．注意：if和when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引导宾语从句时，分别意为“是否”和“何时”，其时态应和主句时态相呼应；它们引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果，假如”和“当……时候”，当主句时态是一般将来时时，其时态用一般现在时。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查。如：—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ？你知道他明天什么时候回来吗？—Sorry，I don't know．When he comes back，I'll tell you．对不起，不知道。当他回来了，我将告诉你。—I don't know if he will come．我不知道他是否会来。—He will come if it doesn't rain．如果不下雨，他会来的。简化宾语从句常用六法同学们常会遇到把含有宾语从句的复合句转化为简单句，使其与原句意思相同（或相近）的试题。下面就介绍几种常用的简化宾语从句的方法：方法一：当主句谓语动词是hope， decide， wish， choose， agree， promise等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。例如：Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. →Li Ming hopes to be back very decided that we would help him. →We decided to help him.方法二：当主句谓语动词是know， learn， remember， forget， tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：She has forgotten how she can open the window. →She has forgotten how to open the window.注：当主句谓语动词是tell， ask， show， teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：Could you tell me how I can get to the station？ →Could you tell me how to get to the station？方法三：当主句的谓语动词是order（命令），require（需要）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为“名词（代词）+不定式”结构。例如：The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. → The headmaster ordered us to start at once.方法四：某些动词后的宾语从句，可以用介词加动名词（短语）等其他形式简化。例如：He insisted that he should go with us. →He insisted on going with poor boy doesn’t know when and where he was born. →The poor boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth.方法五：某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式（作宾语补足语）”结构。例如：Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. → Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.方法六：动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。例如：It seemed that the boys were going to win. →The boys seemed to win.除上述方法外，还有一些特殊句式的转化。例如：I found that it was difficult to learn English well. →I found it difficult to learn English we found that the ground was covered with thick snow. →Soon we found the ground covered with thick found that the box was very heavy. →They found the box very heavy初中英语宾语从句语法专项精选试题习题(一)1 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with . took B. take C. takes D. will take2 Catherine said that she ___ to . has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been3 The students want to know whether they___ dictation . had B. has . C. will have D. are4 She asked Linda if___ go and get . could she B. she could C. she can D. she may5 Linda said the moon___ round the . travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled答案:1-5 A D C B C习题(二)1 Can you tell me___ you were born, BettyA. who B. what C. when D. that2 I don't know ___ they have passed the . what B. if C. when D. where3 I hardly understand. ___ he has told . that B. what C. which D. who4 She didn't know___ back . whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be5. I don't know _____ he still lives here after so many . whether B where C. what D. when6. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday eveningA. what B when C why D how7. He asked me _____told me the whom B which C who D whose答案:1-7 C B B A A A C习题(三)1. They don't know their parents that B what C why D which2. Please tell me ______what last . where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked3. She asked me if I knew . whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it4. You must remember . what your mother said B. what did your mother sayC. your mother said what D. what has your mother said5 Did you know ____A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking forC. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after6 Could you tell me ___A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave BeijingC. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing答案:1-6 B D B A A C习题(四)1. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _____ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. (北京市东城区)A. that B. how C. whatD. if2. —I don't know _____ Mr. Green will come to see us.—He will help us with our English. (杭州市)A. why B. when C. how D. where3. —We never know _____ the old m an is.—They say he is a teacher. (鄂州市)A. what B. who C. which D. where4. I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. (重庆市)A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when5. —Do you know _____ I'm going to see him.—Sorry, I don't know. (北京市海淀区)A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li liveC. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived6. —W here do you think _____ he _____ the computer—Sorry, I have no idea. (南京市)A. /; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy7. I don't feel very well. Mum asked me _____ this morning. (重庆市)A. what the matter is B. what is wrongC. what the matter was D. what wrong was8. —Where is Jack—He is away to spend his holiday. He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but I'm not sure _____ . (南昌市)A. that B. which C. where D. there答案:1—4 D A A D 5—8 C A C C

希望下面的东西对你有帮助名词从句、定语从句 名词从句 名词从句有四类：宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。例如： 宾语从句：I don’t know where he will go. 主语从句：Where he will go is unknown. 表语从句：The problem is how we can get so much money. 同位语从句：We all feel sorry about the news that he failed in the game. 下面几点是学习名词从句要加以注意的： 1． whether和if都可以引导宾语从句表达“是否”意，（即引导宾语从句时if和whether 可以互换）但以下几种名词从句要用whether（不用if）引导： （1） 引导主语从句，且在句首时。例：Whether he has won the tennis is not known.(但 It is not known whether/if he has won the tennis). （2） 引导表语从句时。例The problem is whether he can get a job. （3） 引导同位语从句时。例：I have no idea whether he will come. （4） 介词后的whether从句。例：I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 2． 位于句首引导主语从句的that不可忘。 例如：That he got the first place in the competition surprised all of us. 3． 在“It is suggested/proposed/ordered/a pity/no wonder/necessary/strange/…＋ that从句”结构中，that从句谓语有时用（should）do这样的虚拟语气形式。 例如：It is suggested that we(should) improve the relations between us. It is a pity that one(should) stay in one place all one´s life. It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings（缺点）. 4． 在“The reason why…is that…”句式中that不要误为because. 例如：The reason why he didn´t go to school yesterday is that he was ill. 5． 名词从句中that,what用法比较： 引导名词从句的that是连词，在句中无成份，无意义，而what是连接代词，what＝the thing(s) that. 例如：It was told in yesterday´s newspaper that what the students had done was praised by the factory. I know that he will study. I know what he will study. That he works hard at his lessons is known to us all. What he works hard at is known to us all. All I ask is that you should tell the truth./He is not what(＝the person that)he used to be.他和以前大不相同了。 6． where在名词从句中的使用特点： where在名词从句中有时可以变为“the place where”,有时可以变为“介词＋the place where” 形式。例如： 主从：Where(＝The place where)she has gone is still unknown. 宾从：Would you please tell me where(＝the place where) Mr Smith lives? 表从：Your dictionary remains where(＝in/at the place where)you put. 同位从：Have you any idea where(＝of the place where) she is spending her holidays? 7． 无论是哪种名词从句都是陈述语序。例如： I know where he lives./Please tell me what her name is. 当一个特殊疑问句本身就是陈述语序（即“主＋谓＋（宾）”或“主＋系＋表”结构），将其变为间接引语（即宾语从句）时，无需改变语序。例如： What´s the matter with him? She asked me what was the matter with him. Who looks after your grandfather? He asked me who looked after my grandfather. 名词从句考点分析 1．They want to know ______ do to help us. (NMET) A. what they can B. how they can C. how can they D. what can they 析：此题要选陈述语序项，故应排除C、D。又因how they can do不完整，do后无宾 语，故也应排除，只有A项既是陈述语序，且what they can do完整正确地表达出“他 们能做些什么”这一意思，故答案为A。 2．His teacher ______ he ______ bright and ______ he was worth teaching. ’t think;was;that ;was;whether ’t think;was;× ;wasn´t;× 析：观察题目，可知think后跟有and连接的两个并列宾语从句，这时前一个宾语从句 的引导语that可以省略，但引导后一宾语从句的that不可省略，据此，可排除C、D 两个选项。若选B项，全句意思不通，而选择A项可表达“他的老师认为他不聪明，不 值得教”这一意思，且语法结构无误，故可定A是正确答案。 3．______ is done cannot be undone. 析：do一般作及物动词使用，从题干看，需选一词作主语（逻辑上是done的宾语）。 而均是副词，不能作主语，故应排除。B项that一词只能在定语从句 中作主语，不能在主语从句中作主语，也应排除。只有选what(＝the thing that),才 能正确表述“凡是做的不可不做”这一意思。 4．Take care ______ you don´t make mistakes in the coming exam. that that what 析：take care是“注意”、“当心”意，后面可跟that引导的宾语从句来表达“当心 不要…”意思，据此，该题应选D。 5．To his surprise,the umbrella was not ______ he had put. place 析：观察题干，was not后是表语，根据where在表语从句中相当于in/at the place where, 将其置于空白处则可表达“伞不在他当初放的地方”这一意思，而C选项缺少词，不可 选。A、D项皆不合用。 6．______ we can´t get seems better than ______ we have. ;what ;that ;that ;what 析：此题显然是要表达“我们得不到的东西似乎比我们得到的东西好。”这一意思，即 “A seems better that B”结构，根据what＝the thing(s) that这一特点，将其置 于两空白处正好可以表达出前者比后者好这一意思，故答案为A。 7．______ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. 析：此题depends前的主语从句是一个不肯定的内容，在句首表“是否”意时，只能用 Whether,不可用If。故答案为B。 8．______ they are most interested in is ______ they can produce more and better cars. ;how ;how ;what ;that 析：is前面是一个主语从句，要表达“他们最感兴趣的（东西）”这一意思，只能选what 填入空白;is是表语从句，显然只有选how才能表达“如何生产更多更好的汽车”，故 答案为B。 9．He made a suggestion that the English test ______ until next Wednesday. be put off put off put off off 析：suggestion,order,adivce等词后的同位语从句谓语要用（should）do的形式，且 该句中test与put off为被动关系，故选B。 10．I don´t think ______ he said something like that is right. 析：此句think后是一宾语从句，这个宾语从句的主语在is之前，它是一个被动句。 因为he said something like that已经含有主、谓、宾、状等成分，只有选不表意义， 不做成分的that才合适，故选A。 定语从句 一、 定语从句与引导词 定语从句是在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫做选行词， 而引导定语从句的词叫引导词，有关系代词和关系副词两类。 懂得什么样的先行词后用什么样的引导词是学好定语从句的关键。 1． 关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose,在定语从句中作主语、宾语中表语，whose 作定语。代人的有：who,whom,whose,that；代物的有：that,which,whose.例如： The man who helped you is Mr White.(who代人，在定语从句中作主语) That is the person(whom/who/that) you want to see.(whom,who,that代人，在定 语从句中作宾语，可省略) I´m not the fool(that) you thought me to be.(that代人，在定从中作表语) A dictionary is a useful book which(＝that) tells us the meaning of words(which 或that代物，在定从中作主语) 2． 关系副词有：when(指时间)，where(指地点),why(指原因)，在定语从句中作状语。 例如：Would you suggest a time(when) we can have a talk?(when可省略) The house where they live is not very large./This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting. 注意：不是表时间的先行词都用when引导定从，不是表地点的先行词都用where引导定从。例如：We´ll visit the factory which(＝that) makes radios. (which或that在定从中作主语，where不可用主语，故不可用) They still remember the happy days(which/that) they spent in Beidaihe. (which或that在定从中作spent的宾语，when不可作宾语，故不可用) 二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号分开，修饰主句中的某一个名词或名词词组或代 词；非限制性定语从句常用逗号和主句隔开，可以修饰主句中的某一个词，也可修饰整个句子。非限制性定语从句不能用that引导，引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略。非限制性定语从句例：Li Ping´s father, who works in a factory, is an engineer./He tore up my photo, which made me very angry.(which指代主句内容，因前后两句是因果关系，此时which不可换为as。) He is good at physics, as is known to us all.＝As is known to us all, he is good at physics.(as指代主句内容，在as is known/believed, as we all know/believe这类结构中as不可换为which) 三、 只用that引导和不用that引导的场合 1． 只用that引导和不用that引导的场合 1） 当先行词既包括人又包括物时：He talked about the men and the books that attracted him. 2） 指物的先行词被any, every, only, very, all, no等修饰时：These are the very points that interest me./That´s the only watch that I like most. 3） 指物的先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时：The first step that we are to take is very difficult./This is the second card that he gave me. 4） 先行词是指物的不定代词all,little,few,much,及everything,anything,nothing等时：There is still much that can be done about it./Have you got everything that you need? 5） 先行词是who时：Who that have seen him does not like him? 2． 不用that的场合如下： 1）非限制性定语从句中 Last night ,I saw a very good film,which was about the Long March . 2）介词放在关系代词之前时 This is the man from whom I learnt the news 3）句中出现了that，或先行词是that时 I have found that which I was looking for. 四、“介词＋关系代词”用法 1． 介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语的习惯性搭配，例如：Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands?(shake hands with…是习惯性搭配) 2． 介词常受先行词的制约（即介词和先行词的搭配），例如：He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.(through which 即through the telescope) 3． 当关系代词作“动词＋介词”固定短语的宾语时，此时因定短语中的介词不能拆开移到关系代词前。例如：This is the watch which you´re looking for./He is a kind of man whom you can safely depend on. 五、几个名词后的引导词 1. situation后常用where,in which引导定语从句：Can you imagine a situation where/in which you can use the word? 2. way(方式，方法)后常用in which或that或how引导定语从句，也可省略：Do you know the way(in which/that/how) he worked out the problem? 3. “the same＋名词”，“such＋名词”，“as＋名词”后通常用as引导定语从句。 例如：I have the same dictionary as you(have)./Such a book as you bought is not worth buying. 定语从句考点分析 1． The best work ______ Luxun wrote and ______ I have read has been made into a film. ;that ;× C.×;that D.×;× 析：如果两个定语从句并列，关系代词作宾语时前一句的可以省略，但后一句的不可省略，故应选C。 2． It was in 1969 ______ two Americans got to the moon by space ship. It was 1969 ______ two Amerians got to the moon by space ship. D.× 析：第一句是强调时间in 1969,强调结构是“It was＋强调部分＋that句”，故应选C。第二句It是表时间的，先行词1969在从句中作状语，故选A。 3． Is this the house ______ Shakespeare was born? which which where 析：观察题目，空白处只有填in which或where才能表达“这是莎士比亚出生的房子吗？”这一意思，故答案为C。 4． Is this house ______ Shakespeare was born? which which 析：将此句变为陈述句；This house is ______ Shakespeare was born.显然is后是一表语从句，只有选where(＝the place where)才能表达“这是莎士比亚的出生地”这一意思，故答案为A。 5． In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person ______ she could turn for help. whom whom whom 析：“介词＋关系代词”要考虑短语搭配或与先行搭配，这道题短语turn to有关，故 应选A。 6． The two things ______ they felt very proud were Jim´s gold watch and Della´s hair. A．about which which which which 析：涉及be/feel proud of短语，故答案为B。 7． Have you ever asked him the reason ______ may explain his being late. which 析：此题易误选A、C，因为先行词是the reason,但细观察分析，定语从句缺少主语，所以答案是B。注意what不能引导定语从句。 8． Farming is difficult ______ there is no rain. place place where 析：因为difficult是形容词，故其后不是定语从句。这儿的空白处应填引导状语从句where(＝in the place where),全句表达“在没有雨水的地方耕种困难”。这一意思，可见答案为A。 9． We need the same machine ______ in your factory. is being used is being used is being used it is being used 析：根据“the same＋先行词”后跟as引导定语从句的原则，可知答案为B。 10．______ the people,not things ______ are most important. are;who are;that is;that was;who 析：仔细观察分析题目，可知只有C构成强调句才有成立。当我们要检验视其为强调 句的判断是否正确时，只要将“It is (或was)…that”这三个词去掉，剩下部分读 起来正确无误，则证明判断是正确的，反之是错误的。此题如不填“It is…that” 三词，句子是The people,not things are most important.语义完整正确，说明选 C是对的。

高中英语宾语从句讲解及练习

在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。1．主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。可归纳为“主现从不限” 　　2．主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。可归纳为“主过从四过” 　　3．主句用过去时，从句是科学真理、客观常识、名人格言时用一般现在时。 　　4．情态动词could/would用于，“请求”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句不受主句的约束。

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在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。　　1．语序　　无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句＋连词＋宾语从句（主语＋谓语＋……）”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种：　　1）连接词＋谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有： who，what，which等。如：　　Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？你能告诉我谁知道答案吗？　　The small children don't know what is in their stockings．这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西？　　2）连接词＋名词＋谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如：　　He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class．他问我们班上谁的书法最好。　　The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room．老师问我们房间里有多少人。　　3）连接词＋主语＋谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有：who（m），what，which，how many，how much， when，why，how，where，if ／whether（在句中不充当任何成分）等。如：　　He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi．他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。　　Could you tell me what I should do with the money ？你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗？　　4）连接词＋名词＋主语＋谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如：　　Do you know which class he is in ？你知道他在哪个班吗？　　She asked me if I knew whose pen it was．她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。　　2．连接词　　1）当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：　　He said that he could finish his work before supper．他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。　　2）当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如：　　I don't know if ／whether he still lives here after so many years．我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。　　但在下列情况下只能用whether：　　①在具有选择意义，又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether（if…or not也可以使用）。如：　　Let me know whether ／if he will come or not．（＝Let me know whether or not he will come）让我知道他是否能来。　　I don't know whether ／if he does any washing or not．（＝I don't know whether or not he does any washing．）我不知道他洗不洗衣服。　　I wonder whether we stay or whether wego．我不知道我们是去还是留。　　②在介词之后用whether。如：　　I'm interested in whether he likes English．我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。　　We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time．我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。　　I worry about whether I hurt her feelings．我担心是否伤了她的感情。　　③在不定式前用whether。如：　　He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man．他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。　　I don't know whether to go．我不知去否。　　He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train．他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。　　④whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如：　　Whether this is true or not，I can't say．这是否真的我说不上来。　　⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如：　　Whether she will come or not is still a question．她是否能来还是个问题。　　The question is whether we can catch the bus．问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车。　　⑥若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。如：　　Please let me know if you like the book．可理解为：　　a．Please let me know whether you like the book．请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。　　b．If you like the book，please let me know．你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我。　　3）如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。如：　　Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning？你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗？　　3．时态　　含宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容：　　1）如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。如：　　I don't know when he will come back．我不知道他将何时回来。　　He tells me that his sister came back yesterday．他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。　　2）如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要，选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。如：　　①The children didn't know who he was．孩子们不知道他是谁。　　②He asked his father how it happened．他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的。　　3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如：　　The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun．老师说地球绕着太阳转。　　4．注意：　　if和when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引导宾语从句时，分别意为“是否”和“何时”，其时态应和主句时态相呼应；它们引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果，假如”和“当……时候”，当主句时态是一般将来时时，其时态用一般现在时。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查。如：　　—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ？你知道他明天什么时候回来吗？　　—Sorry，I don't know．When he comes back，I'll tell you．对不起，不知道。当他回来了，我将告诉你。　　—I don't know if he will come．我不知道他是否会来。　　—He will come if it doesn't rain．如果不下雨，他会来的。　　简化宾语从句常用六法　　同学们常会遇到把含有宾语从句的复合句转化为简单句，使其与原句意思相同（或相近）的试题。下面就介绍几种常用的简化宾语从句的方法：　　　　方法一：当主句谓语动词是hope， decide， wish， choose， agree， promise等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。例如：　　　　Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. →Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.　　　　We decided that we would help him. →We decided to help him.　　　　方法二：当主句谓语动词是know， learn， remember， forget， tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：　　　　She has forgotten how she can open the window. →She has forgotten how to open the window.　　　　注：当主句谓语动词是tell， ask， show， teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：　　　　Could you tell me how I can get to the station？ →Could you tell me how to get to the station？　　　　方法三：当主句的谓语动词是order（命令），require（需要）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为“名词（代词）+不定式”结构。例如：　　　　The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. → The headmaster ordered us to start at once.　　　　方法四：某些动词后的宾语从句，可以用介词加动名词（短语）等其他形式简化。例如：　　　　He insisted that he should go with us. →He insisted on going with us.　　　　The poor boy doesn’t know when and where he was born. →The poor boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth.　　　　方法五：某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式（作宾语补足语）”结构。例如：　　　　Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. → Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.　　　　方法六：动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。例如：　　　　It seemed that the boys were going to win. →The boys seemed to win.　　　　除上述方法外，还有一些特殊句式的转化。例如：　　　　I found that it was difficult to learn English well. →I found it difficult to learn English well.　　Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow. →Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.　　They found that the box was very heavy. →They found the box very heavy　　初中英语宾语从句语法专项精选试题　　习题(一)　　1 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.　　A. took B. take C. takes D. will take　　2 Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.　　A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been　　3 The students want to know whether they___ dictation today.　　A. had B. has . C. will have D. are　　4 She asked Linda if___ go and get some.　　A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may　　5 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.　　A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled　　答案:1-5 A D C B C　　习题(二)　　1 Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty　　A. who B. what C. when D. that　　2 I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.　　A. what B. if C. when D. where　　3 I hardly understand. ___ he has told me.　　A. that B. what C. which D. who　　4 She didn't know___ back soon.　　A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be　　5. I don't know _____ he still lives here after so many years.　　A. whether B where C. what D. when　　6. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening　　A. what B when C why D how　　7. He asked me _____told me the accident.　　A whom B which C who D whose　　答案:1-7 C B B A A A C　　习题(三)　　1. They don't know their parents are.　　A that B what C why D which　　2. Please tell me ______what last year.　　A. where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked　　3. She asked me if I knew ______.　　A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it　　4. You must remember ________.　　A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say　　C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said　　5 Did you know ____　　A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for　　C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after　　6 Could you tell me ___　　A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing　　C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing　　答案:1-6 B D B A A C　　习题(四)　　1. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _____ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. (北京市东城区)　　A. that B. how C. whatD. if　　2. —I don't know _____ Mr. Green will come to see us.　　—He will help us with our English. (杭州市)　　A. why B. when C. how D. where　　3. —We never know _____ the old m an is.　　—They say he is a teacher. (鄂州市)　　A. what B. who C. which D. where　　4. I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. (重庆市)　　A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when　　5. —Do you know _____ I'm going to see him.　　—Sorry, I don't know. (北京市海淀区)　　A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live　　C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived　　6. —W here do you think _____ he _____ the computer　　—Sorry, I have no idea. (南京市)　　A. /; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy　　7. I don't feel very well. Mum asked me _____ this morning. (重庆市)　　A. what the matter is B. what is wrong　　C. what the matter was D. what wrong was　　8. —Where is Jack　　—He is away to spend his holiday. He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but I'm not sure _____ . (南昌市)　　A. that B. which C. where D. there　　答案:1—4 D A A D 5—8 C A C C

你好。定语从句专项练习题及详解50题 place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as isn't such a man ______he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as is good at English, ______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went went with him don't like ______ as you read. A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school. A. which B. that C. whom D. what letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing. A. which B. that C. whom D. who our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women. A. them B. which C. whom D. who 're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it. A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; who lost a book, ______I can't remember now. A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world. A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV. A. that B. which C. as D. it can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together. A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when way ______he looks at problems is wrong. A. which B. whose C. what D./ is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting. A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly. A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked after C. that I have looked after D. I have looked after reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill. A. why; that ;why C. for that;that which;what is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam. which is not the way ______I do it. A./ which which have two grammars, ______are of great use. A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago. A. as was B. which was C. as were D. which neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them. A. who B. which C. that D. it is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph. A. that B. which C. from that D. from which is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done. A. that B. which C. who D. as 39. You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes. A. / B. why C. when D. whose 40. Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular. A. that B. which C. it D. though 41. --- Did you ask the guard _______ happened? --- Yes, he told me all _______ he knew. A. what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that 42. I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life. A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which 43. The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing. A. owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are 44. During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns. A. followed B. following C. to follow D. that followed 45. Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it 46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on inside house. A. which; what B. through which; what C. through that; what D. what; that 47. Is _______ some German friends visited last week? A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where 48. John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected. A. as B. that C. what D. who 49. I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well. A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which 50. All that can be eaten _______ eaten up. A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been 参考答案及解析 1. A. which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。 2．C. "和谁讲话”要说speak to sb. 本题全句应为Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。 3. D. where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 4. C. when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 5．A. which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。 6．C. 解析同第5题。 7. A. 解析见第3题。 8. A. 本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，则the one应该视为先行词。 9. A. “谈到某事物”应说talk about sth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。 10. A. with which是"介词+关系代词"结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有"用"的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that. with which在定语从句中作状语,即he is writing with a pen. 11. C. in front of which 即in front of a farmhouse. In front of which在从句中作状语. 12. D. with whom引导定语从句.with whom放在从句中即为:my father works with the engineer. 13. D. whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语. 14. A. that引导定语从句,因为先行词是all,所以只能选用that引导. 15. D. the same……..as是固定用法, as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本句话中,as作从句的主语. 16. D. such……… as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本题中,as作表语. 17. B. as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句。这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词，而往往指代整个主句的含义。as在从句中可以作主语、宾语。从句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作宾语. 18. B. Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定语从句.with whom放在从句中为:I went to the concert with Li Ming. 19. C. as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。 as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。Such修饰单数名词时,要用such a……..,本题中such books, such直接修饰复数名词. 20. B. things和persons是先行词.当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人,又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用that. 21. D. who引导非限制性定语从句,who作从句的主语. 22. C. two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers. 23. D. 先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为, whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句who could do 在从句中作主语,不可省略. 24. A. whose title引导非限制性定语从句,whose title也可以说成the title of which 25. A. for which 引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语 be famous for "以……..而闻名". 26. C. 当先行词被such修饰时,引导定语从句的关系代词要用as. As在本从句中作主语. 27. A. 两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when. 第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句. 28. D. 在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中，常用that来代替“in (或其他介词)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。 29. D. for which在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why 来替代. 30. B. which I have looked after 构成一个非限制性定语从句. 31. A. The reason why… was that….已成为一种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能随意换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有 “因为”的含义。 32. B. 非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义. 33. A. 解释见28题. 34. D. 主句中的two表明不能选A.从句中的are表明不能选B. both of which用来引导非限制性定语从句. 35. C. as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。本题中as作从句的主语. 36. B. 非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义. 37. D. 38. D. 解析见35题. 39. A. he makes是定语从句, 从句前省略了关系代词that. 40. B. which is a bad habit 非限制性定语从句. 41. A. what happened是宾语从句. all 之后that he knew是定语从句.先行词是all,所以关系代词只能用that. 42. D. years是表示时间的名词,用when引导定语从句,是因为when在从句中作时间状语.第二个空选用which,引导一个非限制性定语从句. 43. C. 本句话的定语从句是who own cars. 其先行词是people,因此,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数的own。本句话主句的主语是The number of指“…..的数目”，是单数概念。因此，主句的谓语动词要用is。 44. D. that followed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语。 45. A. 先行词gas被only修饰，关系代词要用that，而不用which。 46. B. through which引导定语从句，through which即through the hole,在定语从句中作状语。What引导的是see的宾语从句，并作从句的主语。 47. B. 为便于理解，改写本句话：This is the school that some Germanfriends visited last week. 不难看出，作表语的the school是先行词。that引导了定语从句，因为that同时又作visited的宾语，所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对。 48. A. 解释见35题。 49. C. 因为是two ballpens, 并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念。因此，C是正确选项。 50. B. 本句话中，主句的主语是all,为抽象概念。因此，其谓语应用单数的has been。关系代词that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。