本文作者:小思

高中英语倒装句式笔记

小思 09-18 9
高中英语倒装句式笔记摘要: 倒装句英语笔记初中英语不用管倒装句,而且你水平又不是很强那种.避免句子头重脚轻主语过长是英语写作评判一个句子美不美的依据之一.例如:youshouldnotonlypalyco...

倒装句英语笔记

初中英语不用管倒装句,而且你水平又不是很强那种.避免句子头重脚轻主语过长是英语写作评判一个句子美不美的依据之一.例如:youshouldnotonlypalycomputergamesbutalsofinishyourhomework!这是头轻了那么倒装:notonlyshouldyouplaycomputergamesbutfinishyourhomework.你看看就行了,倒装不需要懂,我现在也不懂所有的倒装.其实倒装就是一种强调而已

高中英语倒装句式笔记

的确如前面的朋友所说,倒装语法的内容无法用两三句话说完,在这我只能谈一点儿。英语句子最基本的词序“主语+谓语”通常十分固定,如果把谓语动词放在主语前面,这就叫做倒装,将谓语动词全移至主语之前,称为完全倒装,只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前,称为部分倒装。1。完全倒装: Out rushed the boy。 Then came the students。2。部分倒装: 在疑问句中常见到。 Have you ever visited The Great Wall ? Has he come?倒装的情况有两种:1。由于一定的语法需要——如疑问句 Has she gone to the countryside?2。由于强调 Never have I read a book like this。下面再给一些例句: How did you get there? Is he singing or is she? There are many factories in Beijing。 There comes our monitor。 Here is a book for her。 May you succeed! He has finished his work。——So have I 。 They can swim now。——So can we。 Never before have I seen such a wonderful film。 No sooner had I gone out then he came to see me。

在英语语法中,如果把位于动词放在在于前面,就叫倒装句。关于英语倒装句的语法知识点你还了解多少?下面由我为大家提供关于高中英语倒装句的语法知识点总结,希望对大家有帮助!

1.倒装句的定义:英语最基本的词序是主语在谓语动词的前面。

如果把谓语动词放在主语前面,就叫做倒装。

3. 倒装的原因

a) 句子语法结构的需要。例如:

Did you attend the meeting? 你参加会议了吗?

Long live peace! 和平万岁!

b) 一些句型的固定用法。例如:

Such were his last words. 他最后的话就是这样。

c)强调的需要。倒装以后,句子更加流畅生动。例如:

Never before have we seen such a sight. 以前我们从来没有见过这样的情景。

Before us lay a lot of difficulties. 在我们前面有很多困难。

Often did we warn them not to do so. 我们曾多次警告他们不要这样做。

4. 倒装句的基本用法

a) 构成疑问句(除对主语或主语之定语提问的特殊疑问句外):

When are we going to drink to your happiness? 我们什么时候喝你们的喜酒?

Have you seen the film? 你看了那部电影吗?

b) 在以here, there, now, then, in, away, up down等副词开头的句子中:

Away went the crowd one by one. 人们一个一个地离去。

Here comes our teacher! 我们的老师来了!

c) 副词only+状语放在句首时:

Only then did he realize his mistakes . 只有在那时他才认识到自己的错误。

Only in this way can you learn maths well . 只有用这种方法你才能学好数学。

d) 含有否定意义的副词或连词(如little, hardly, never, rarely, no sooner…than等)放在句首时:

Little did I think that he could be back alive. 我没有想到他竟能活着回来。

Not until New Year’s Day shall I give you a gift. 我要到元旦那天才能给你礼物。

Hardly had the train arrived at the station when we ran towards the sleeping car looking for our guests.

火车刚一进站,我们就跑到卧车那儿去找我们的客人。

e) 副词so或 neither(nor)在句首:

He is interested in pop-songs, and so am I.他对流行歌曲感兴趣,我也如此。

He hasn’t been to the countryside, neither does he want to go there.他没有去过农村,他也不想去那里。

f) 在方式状语thus开头的句子中及程度状语so放句首:

Thus ended his life. 这样结束了他的生命。

So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him . 他讲话的声音那样大,连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。

2. so作“也”讲时,引导的句子用倒装语序,例如:

He went to the film last night. So did I. 他昨天晚上去看电影了,我也去了。

如不作“也”讲而只起连词作用,表示一种结果的意思,句子就要用正常语序。例如:

His mother told him to go to the film. So he did. 他母亲叫他去看电影,他就去了。

“He is a tall thin man.” “So he is.” “他又高又瘦。” “确实如此。”

3. 某些让步状语从句往往把表语提到主语前面或放在句首,以构成倒装结构。例如:

No matter how interesting the book is,he doesn't like to read it.不管这本书多有趣,他都不想看。

However hard a solid may be,we can change its shape. 不管一个固体有多硬,我们都可以改变其形状。

Young as he is, he knows a lot. 虽然他年轻,却知道很多东西。

4. 在虚拟语气中,如果非真实条件句省略if,须将主句中的were, had和should等助动词和主语颠倒形成部分倒装。例如:

Were he younger (= If he were younger), he would learn skating. 假如他年轻一些,他就会去学溜冰。

Should they forget (= If they should forget) to bring a map with them, they would get lost in the woods

如果他们忘记带一张地图的话,他们就会在深林里迷路。

Had they realized (= If they had realized) how important the task was, they wouldn’t have refused to

accept it. 假如他们认识到这个任务是多么重要的话,他们就不致于拒绝接受这项任务。

倒装句的构成分为全部倒转和部分倒装

a、全部倒装

全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有

1)here,there,now,then,thus等副词置于句首,谓语动词常用be,come,go,lie,run。

Theregoesthebell.

2)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。

Outrushedamissilefromunderthebomber.

注意上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。

Herehecomes.

b、部分倒装

部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do,does或did,并将其置于主语之前。

1)句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,atnotime,innoway,notuntil…等。

NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.

Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.

当Notuntil引出主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装。

注意如否定词不在句首不倒装。

Ihaveneverseensuchaperformance.

典型例题

1)WhycantIsmokehere?

Atnotime___inthemeeting-room

答案A.这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时,其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。这些否定词包括no,little,hardly,seldom,never,notonly,notuntil等。本题的正常语序是Smokingispermittedinthemeeting-roomatnotime.

2)Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury___whatheatis.

答案D.看到Notuntil…的句型,我们知道为一倒装句,答案在C,D中选一个。

改写为正常语序为,Mandidnotknowwhatheatisuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19th.现在将not提前,后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。

以否定词开头作部分倒装

如Notonly…butalso,Hardly/Scarcely…when,Nosooner…than

Not only did here fuse thegi ft,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.

Hardly had she gone out when a student came tovisither.

1. My brother had a cold last week, _________.

A. so had I B. so did I

C. I had so D. so I had

2. Not until _________ home __________ his parents had been ill for three days.

A. he got; he knew B. did he get; he knew

C. he got; did he know D. did he get; did he know

3. In hardly any situation ________ find her sad.

A. that you can B. that can you

C. you can D. can you

4. Be quick! _________.

A. The bus comes here B. Here comes the bus

C. The bus here comes D. Here is the bus coming

5. In ________ and the lesson began.

A. the teacher came B. the teacher coming

C. came the teacher D. did the teacher come

6. On the wall _________ two large portraits.

A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging

倒装句一、完全倒装—— 提前部分 + 谓语动词 + 主语状语here, there, now, then放句首,谓语动词为be, go, comeHere are some comes your turn.注意:当主语是人称代词时,不倒装Here she it goes.表示位置转移的副词:off, away, up, down, in, out等Up went the rushed the students when the bell rang.注意:当主语是人称代词时,不倒装Higher and higher it flew.表示地点的介词词组放句首Beside me sit two the wall hangs a entered the classroom, in the front of which sat a student.分词结构位于句首Lying on the grass are a group of are the happy days when we were together.表语放句首 “表语 + 系动词 + 主语”In each class are 40 the audience are his at the meeting was the general manager.二、部分倒装——提前部分+情态动词/助动词+主语+动词原形1、否定副词提前 not, no, never, neither, few, little, seldom, rarely, hardly, scarcely, barely, not until, in vain(徒然), by no means(决不), in no time(立即,马上), under/in no circumstances(在任何情况下决不) 1) In vain did I try to prevent him from smoking. 2) By no means should we speak like that. 3) Not until he was eight did he go to school. 2、Not only… but also, No sooner… than, Hardly/scarcely/barely…when 主 句部分倒装 1)Not only can she type but also she can operate the computer. 2) Hardly had she reached home when it started to rain. 3、only + 状语 放句首 1) Only in my own home can I sleep well. 2) Only when he came back did his mother go to bed.注意:only + 其他成分 放句首,不倒装 Only doctors can save 、so … that… 的结果状语从句中, so …放句首 1) So fat is she that here classmates often make fun of her. 2) So clearly did he explain the text that we all understood 、So/Neither + 助动词/情态动词 + 主语 “某人也一样” So + 主语 +助动词/情态动词 “某人确实如此” So it is with sb “某人也一样” 用于谓语动词既有肯定又有否定,或有多种形式 Mary: I caught the first bus. I am not late for school. John: So it is with me.虚拟条件句Were he here(= If he were here), he could help she give up smoking, his illness would be cured before long.形容词/副词/名词 + as/though + 主语 + 谓语动词 = Though 引导的让步状语从句Young as/though she was (= Though she was young), she could speak many foreign as/though she is (= Though she is a girl), she is very young boy as/though he is (= Though he is a young boy), he can play the piano as they had tried, they failed.方式副词或频率副词放句首,如well, many a time, often, long等Many a time has my father given me do we go out for a walk after did we wait before he came back.注意:thus放句首,完全倒装Thus ended the meeting.表示祝愿May you succeed! (部分倒装)Long lives our country! (全部倒装)

高中英语语法倒装句讲解

一、倒装句之全部倒装

全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有:

1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run.

There goes the bell.

Then came the chairman.

Here is your letter.

2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。

Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.

Ahead sat an old woman.

注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。

Here he comes. Away they went.

二、倒装句之部分倒装

部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。

1)句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。

Never have I seen such a performance.

Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.

Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.

当Not until引出主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装。

注意: 如否定词不在句首不倒装。

I have never seen such a performance.

The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.

典型例题

1)Why can't I smoke here?

At no time___ in the meeting-room

A. is smoking is permitted

C. smoking is it smoking permit

答案: A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时,其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。 这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.

2) Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.

A. man did know

B. man know

C. didn't man know

D. did man know

答案: D.看到Not until…的句型,我们知道为一倒装句,答案在C,D 中选一个。

改写为正常语序为,Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前,后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。

三、以否定词开头作部分倒装

如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than

Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.

Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.

No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.

典型例题

No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.

A. the game began

the game begun

C. did the game begin

the game begun

答案: D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时,一般采用倒装句(谓语前置)。这类表示否定意义的词有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only…but (also), no sooner…than, hardly… when scarcely… when等等。

注意:只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时,才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语,不可用倒装结构。

Not only you but also I am fond of music.

四、so, either, nor作部分倒装

表示“也”、“也不” 的句子要部分倒装。

Tom can speak French. So can Jack.

If you won't go, neither will I.

典型例题

---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?

---I don't know, _____.

A. nor don't I care

B. nor do I care

C. I don't care neither

D. I don't care also

答案: B. nor为增补意思“也不关心”,因此句子应倒装。A错在用 don't 再次否定, C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。 D缺乏连词。

注意: 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时,不可用倒装结构。意为“的'确如此”。

Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.

---It's raining it is.

五、only在句首要倒装的情况

Only in this way, can you learn English well.

Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.

如果句子为主从复合句,则主句倒装,从句不倒装

Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.

六、as, though引导的倒装句

as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 (形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前)。

注意:

1) 句首名词不能带任何冠词。

2) 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前。

Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.

注意:

让步状语从句中,有though,although时,后面的主句不能有but,但是 though 和yet可连用。

七、其他部分倒装

1)so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时,需倒装。

So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.

2)在某些表示祝愿的句型中:

May you all be happy.

3)在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词,可将if 省略,把 were, had, should 移到主语之前,采取部分倒装。

Were I you, I would try it again.

典型例题:

1) Not until the early years of the 19th century___ what heat is

A. man did know

B. man knew

C. didn't man know

D. did man know

答案 :D.否定词Not在句首,要求用部分倒装的句子结构。

2) Not until I began to work ___ how much time I had wasted.

A. didn't I realize

B. did I realize

C. I didn't realize

D. I realize

答案: B.

3)Do you know Tom bought a new car?

I don't know, ___.

A. nor don't I care

B. nor do I care

C. I don't care neither

D. I don't care also

答案: B.句中的nor引出部分倒装结构,表示“也不”。由 so, neither, nor引导的倒装句,表示前一情况的重复出现。其中, so用于肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。

英语倒装句笔记手写版图片

倒装句英语结构用法归纳分为完全倒装和部分倒装。完全倒装例如:There be  +主语 + 地点或时间状语;部分倒装例如:only在句首,句子使用部分倒装。

1、完全倒装又称“全部倒装”,是指将句子中的谓语全部置于主语之前,此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。

(1)将表语和地点状语(多为介词短语)置于句首加以强调时,其后通常用倒装语序

(2)在表语置于句首的倒装结构中,要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致,而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。

2、部分倒装:

(1)否定词提前常见的否定词有Not only…but also,Hardly/Scarcely…when,No sooner… than等等。

(2)so,neither,nor作部分倒装。

(3)only在句首。

(4)由as, though 引导。

英语倒装句是指在语序上把主语和谓语的顺序颠倒过来,使谓语在主语之前出现。

通常有以下几种情况可以使用倒装句:

1、以否定词开头的句子,如:Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset before.(我从未见过如此美丽的日落。)

2、表示地点、时间或方向的介词短语放在句首,如:In front of the house stood a tall tree.(房子前面有一棵高大的树。)

3、在某些特殊的情况下,如强调、倒装问句等,如:Only when the rain stops can we go out.(只有等雨停了我们才能出去。)

下面是几个常用的倒装句的例子:

需要注意的是,倒装句在口语和书面语中的使用频率不同,一般在正式的场合或文学作品中会经常使用倒装句。

倒装句英语结构用法归纳结构图如下:

一是主语在谓语之前称为自然语序(Natural Order);二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序(Inverted Order)。而倒装语序中又有完全倒装(Full Inversion)和部分倒装(Partial Inversion)完全倒装(Full Inversion):又称"全部倒装",是指将句子中的谓语全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。

①谓语+主语+……There be(的各种形式)+主语(+地点或时间状语)。②副词小品词+谓语动词+名词主语+……,③过去分词或现在分词+be的各种形式+主语+……。

部分倒装(Partial Inversion)(又称半倒装句):指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前,而谓语动词无变化。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do,does或did,并将其置于主语之前。

作用:英语句子的倒装一是由于语法结构的需要而进行的倒装,二是由于修辞的需要而进行的倒装。前一种情况,倒装是必须的,否则就会出现语法错误;后一种情况,倒装是选择性的,倒装与否只会产生表达效果上的差异。表示强调倒装句最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调,其表现形式如下:only +状语或状语从句置于句首,被该状语修饰的句子用部分倒装。

汉语倒装句:

为了强调、突出等词语的目的而颠倒原有语序的句式叫做倒装句。在倒装句中,颠倒了的成分可以恢复原位而句意基本不变,句法成分不变。

主谓倒装:也叫谓语前置或主语后置。古汉语中。谓语的位置也和现代汉语中一样,一般放在主语之后,但有时为了强调和突出谓语的意义,在一些疑问句或感叹句中,就把谓语提前到主语前面。例:甚矣,汝之不惠。全句是“汝之不惠甚矣”。谓语前置,表强调的意味,可译为“你太不聪明 了”。

英语倒装知识点的手写笔记

倒装句一、完全倒装,即将谓语移到主语前。英语中构成完全倒装的情形主要有:1. 以 here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, off, away 等方向性副词开头的句子,且句子主语是名词时,句子用完全倒装。如:Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。Now comes your turn. 现在该你了。Then came a new difficulty. 这时又产生了一个新的困难。The door opened and in came Mr Li. 门开了,李先生进了来。注:若主语为代词,则不用倒装。如:The door opened and in she came. 门开了,她走了进来。2. 将表语和地点状语(多为介词短语)置于句首加以强调时,其后通常用倒装语序。如:Among them was my friend Jim. 他们当中就有我的朋友吉姆。Around the lake are some tall tree. 湖的四周有些高树。注:在表语置于句首的倒装结构中,要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致,而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。3. 状语或表语位于句首时的倒装为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密,有时可将状语或表语置于句首,句中主语和谓语完全倒装:Among these people was his friend Jim. 他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。4. 分词和不定式置于句首的倒装有时为了强调,可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首,从而构成倒装:Buried in the sands was an ancient village. 一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。二、部分倒装,即将主语与助动词倒置,其结构与一般疑问句大致相同。英语中构成部分倒装的主要情形有:1. 含否定意义的词(如 never, hardly, seldom, little, few, not until, not, not only, no sooner, no longer, nowhere, by no means 等)置于句首时,其后用部分倒装。如:Never have I seen read such a book. 我从未读过那样的书。Little do we know his life. 我们对他的生活了解得很少。By no means should you tell him about it. 你绝不要告诉他这事。2. only 加状语(副词 / 介词短语 / 从句)放在句首时,其后用部分倒装。如:Only in this way can you do it well. 只有这样你才能做好。Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时,才知道出了什么事。3. so / neither / nor 表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时,用“so / neither / nor+助动词+主语”这样的倒装句式。如:He can sing English songs and so can I. 他会唱英语歌,我也会。He didn’t see the film, and neither did I. 他没有看这部电影,我也没有看。She is every beautiful and so was her mother when she was young. 她很美,她妈妈年轻时也很美。4. 当虚拟条件句含有 were, should, had 时,可省略 if,将 were, should, had 置于句首。如:Were I Tom(=If I were Tom), I would refuse. 如果我是汤姆,我就会拒绝。Had I realized that(=If I had realized that), I would have done something. 我要是明白了这一点,我可能会采取某种行动(from )。5. so...that 结构中,将 so+adj. / adv. 置于句首时,其后要用倒装语序。如:So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷,我们只好呆在家里。So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快,我们几乎没法想像它的速度。三、常见倒装类型作“虽然”解,引导让步状语从句时,必须将表语、状语或动词原形提到as前面。此时应注意几点:一是若提前的表语是没有形容词修饰的单数可数名词,要省略不定冠词;二是若提前的是动词原形(多为不及物动词),与之连用的通常是may, might, will, would等,且这些词都要保留在原来的位置上(主语后);三是though有时也可像as这样使作倒装。如:Tired as I was, I tried to help them. 虽然我很累,我还是努力帮助他们。2.在so... that…结构中,若将so+adj. / adv. 置于句首,则其后的主句要用部分倒装。如:So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷,我们只好呆在家里。 / neither / nor表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时,其句型是:so / neither / nor+特殊词+主语。使句此句型需注意以下几点:①内容是肯定时,用so,内容是否定时,用neither或nor;②“特殊词”与前句中的情态动词、助动词或be相同,或根据前句的时态,用do, does, did;③“特殊词”的人称和数与其后的主语一致;④“特殊词”本身没有否定形式。如:You are young and so am I. 你年轻,我也年轻。4.当“only+状语”位于句首时,其后习惯上要用部分倒装。其中,only后的状语可以是副词、介词短语、从句等。Only in this way can we learn English. 只有这样才能学会英语。Only then did I understand what she meant. 只有到那时我才明白她的意思。Only by shouting was he able to make himself heard. 他只有叫喊才能让别人听到他。注意,在only后作状语的是从句时,从句不要用倒装,要部分倒装的是主句。如:Only when it rains do you feel cool. 只有下雨时才觉得凉爽一点。 only…but also…前后连接两个句子时,not only后的句子要用部分倒装,但but also后的分句不用倒装。如:Not only did he come, but he saw her. 他不仅来了,而且还见到了她。6.按英语习惯,当never, hardly, seldom, little, few, not until, not, no, no sooner, by no means, under no circumstances等否定词置于句首时,其后要用部分倒装。如:Never did I see him again. 后来我再也没见到过他了。Little did I dream that the girl was my niece. 我做梦也没想到那女孩是我的侄女。情态动词1. 弄清基本语法特点情态动词就是表示说话的语气或情态的动词。常见的情态动词有can, may, must, need, dare, shall, will, should, ought to, have to, used to, had better, would rather等。情态动词具有以下3个特点:(1) 情态动词后面接动词原形并与动词原形一起构成谓语。(2) 情态动词虽有时态的变化,但却没有人称和数的变化,即情态动词不会因为主语的人称或单复数的不同而用不同的形式。(3) 变为疑问句或否定句时不需要助动词,而是将情态动词移至主语前变为疑问句,直接在情态动词后加not,构成否定句。2. 弄清表示能力的can / could和be able to的用法(1) can表示具有某种能力或技能,意为“能,会”。如:Who can answer this question? 谁能回答这个问题?(2)can 的过去式为could,但它通常只表示过去一般性能力,不表示过去特定场合下的能力,遇此情况要用 was [were] able to。如:I could run faster then. 我那时能跑得更快一些。They were able to jump into the sea before the boat was blown up. 他们在船爆之前跳入海里。3. 弄清表示许可的can / could / may / might / must的用法can / could / may / might均可表示许可,只不过may较侧重讲话人的许可,而can较侧重客观情况的许可;could / might的语气比can / may更委婉、客气;在答语中表示允许别人做某事要can / may,不能用 could / might。如:— Could [Can, May, Might] I use it? 我可以借用它吗?— Yes, you can [may]. 可以。(不用 could / might)must 表示必须作某事,其否定式mustn’t表示“不可以”。如:We must not speak of it again. 我们再也不要谈这事了。4. 弄清表推测的 can / may / could / might / should / must的用法(1) 从所用句型来看:can用于否定句和疑问句,may用于肯定句和否定式,两者均可用于否定句,但是含义不同(cannot=不可能,may not=可能不);could, might 和 should 可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句;must 表示推测通常只用于肯定句。如:She can’t be in the office now. 她现在不可能在办公室。She may not be free tonight. 她今晚可能没空。He may [might] come tonight. 他今晚可能会来。Might he know this? 他会知道这事吗?(2) 从语气上看,can / may / could / might 的语气较不确定,尤其是might, could,其意很不肯定;should表示推测时,其语气比较肯定,它通常指非常可能的事,并暗示其推测有一定的事实依据或者合乎常理;must 表示推测的语气最肯定。注意有时高考也会对这种语气上的差异命题,如下面这道高考题:“When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.” “They _________ be ready by 12:00.”A. can B. should C. might D. need在四个选项中,首先可排除A和D,因为它们通常不用肯定句中;而B和C均可用于肯定句表示推测,但根据句意:顾客下午要照片,此时店主显然应用语气较肯定的should,而不宜用语气很不肯定的 might,否则顾客是不会满意的。5. 弄清shall 与 will 的用法(1) shall 除用于第一人称表示单纯将来外,还可用于陈述句第二、三人称, 表示说话者的意图、警告、命令、决心等。如:You shall have an answer by tomorrow. 到明天你可以得到答复。He shall have a bicycle for his birthday. 他可以得到一辆自行车作为生日礼物。(2) will 可以表示习惯和倾向性,意为“惯于, 老是, 终归是”如:The door won’t open. 这门打不开。Matches will not strike if they are damp. 火柴潮湿就擦不着。(3) Shall I (we)…? 可用于征求意见等,Will you…?可用于表示请求或邀请等。如:Shall I turn on the light? 要不要把灯打开?Will you join us for dinner? 你可否和我们一道去吃晚饭?6. 弄清must表示“偏偏”的用法情态动词 must 有时可以表示固执、偏激或碰巧,通常可译为“偏偏”。如:After I gave her my advice, she must go and do the opposite. 在我给她出主意之后她偏反着干。The car must break down just we were starting our holidays. 我们刚刚开始休假,汽车偏偏坏了。7. need和dare的用法要点need和dare可用作实义动词和情态动词,用作实义动词时,后接动词要用不定式,有人称和数的变化,可用肯定句、否定句和疑问句;用作情态动词时,主要用于否定句和疑问句中,没有人称和数的变化,后接动词要用动词原形。如:You need not pay—it is free. 你不必付钱,这是免费的。We need to have lots of patience. 我们需要有很大的耐心。Who would dare to tell him? 谁会敢告诉他? He dared not go there at night. 晚上他不敢到那里去。How dare you ask me such a question? 你怎么敢问我这样的问题? 注:need 表示“需要”,其后可接动名词,且要用主动形式表示被动意义。如:The room needs cleaning. 这房间需要打扫了。8. 弄清“情态动词+完成式”的用法(1) must + have done:用于肯定句,表示推测,意为“一定(已经)……”。(2) can + have done:用于否定句或疑问句,表示推测,意为“可能(已经)……”。(3) could + have done:可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句,表示推测、责备或遗憾等,意为“可能……”“本来可以……”“本来应该……”等。(4) should [ought to] + have done:可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句,表示责备或遗憾等,意为“本来应该……”。(5) need + have done:用于否定句或疑问句,用于否定时意为“本来不必”,用于疑问句时意为“有必要……吗”。(6) may + have done:用于肯定句或否定句,表示推测,意为“可能(已经)……”。(7) might + have done:用于肯定句或否定句,表示推测,意为“可能(已经)……(此时 might 可换为 may);另外还可以表示过去可能发生的事结果未发生,意为“本来会……”(此时 might 不能换为 may)。He can’t have left so soon. 他不可能走得这么早。I should have thought of it. 我本应想到这一点的。You needn’t have mentioned it. 你没有必要提及此事的。You must have mistaken my intention. 你一定是误会了我的意图。I might have come to a wrong conclusion. 我或许得出了错误的结论。You could have helped me—why did you just sit and watch? 你本可帮助我的,为什么只坐在一旁瞧着?9. 弄清“情态动词+进行式”的用法这类结构主要用于对一个正在进行的动作进行推测、责备、描述等。如:He might be waiting for you. 他可能在等你()。You should be wearing your sunglasses. 你应当戴着你的太阳镜。He must be joking, or else he’s mad. 他一定在说笑话,要不就是疯了。10. 弄清may [might] as well和may [might] well的用法(1) may [might] as well可用来提出建议等,可译为“不妨”(用might时口气更委婉一些)。如:Catherine, you may as well come too. 凯瑟琳,你不妨也去。If that’s the case, I may as well try. 如果情况如此,我不妨试一试。(2) may [might] well可表示比较有把握的推测,意为“很可能”。如:You might well be right. 你很可能是对的。.以上知识点应该比较全了,如果太多例句可以删减O(∩_∩)O~~

在英语语法中,如果把位于动词放在在于前面,就叫倒装句。关于英语倒装句的语法知识点你还了解多少?下面由我为大家提供关于高中英语倒装句的语法知识点总结,希望对大家有帮助!

1.倒装句的定义:英语最基本的词序是主语在谓语动词的前面。

如果把谓语动词放在主语前面,就叫做倒装。

3. 倒装的原因

a) 句子语法结构的需要。例如:

Did you attend the meeting? 你参加会议了吗?

Long live peace! 和平万岁!

b) 一些句型的固定用法。例如:

Such were his last words. 他最后的话就是这样。

c)强调的需要。倒装以后,句子更加流畅生动。例如:

Never before have we seen such a sight. 以前我们从来没有见过这样的情景。

Before us lay a lot of difficulties. 在我们前面有很多困难。

Often did we warn them not to do so. 我们曾多次警告他们不要这样做。

4. 倒装句的基本用法

a) 构成疑问句(除对主语或主语之定语提问的特殊疑问句外):

When are we going to drink to your happiness? 我们什么时候喝你们的喜酒?

Have you seen the film? 你看了那部电影吗?

b) 在以here, there, now, then, in, away, up down等副词开头的句子中:

Away went the crowd one by one. 人们一个一个地离去。

Here comes our teacher! 我们的老师来了!

c) 副词only+状语放在句首时:

Only then did he realize his mistakes . 只有在那时他才认识到自己的错误。

Only in this way can you learn maths well . 只有用这种方法你才能学好数学。

d) 含有否定意义的副词或连词(如little, hardly, never, rarely, no sooner…than等)放在句首时:

Little did I think that he could be back alive. 我没有想到他竟能活着回来。

Not until New Year’s Day shall I give you a gift. 我要到元旦那天才能给你礼物。

Hardly had the train arrived at the station when we ran towards the sleeping car looking for our guests.

火车刚一进站,我们就跑到卧车那儿去找我们的客人。

e) 副词so或 neither(nor)在句首:

He is interested in pop-songs, and so am I.他对流行歌曲感兴趣,我也如此。

He hasn’t been to the countryside, neither does he want to go there.他没有去过农村,他也不想去那里。

f) 在方式状语thus开头的句子中及程度状语so放句首:

Thus ended his life. 这样结束了他的生命。

So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him . 他讲话的声音那样大,连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。

2. so作“也”讲时,引导的句子用倒装语序,例如:

He went to the film last night. So did I. 他昨天晚上去看电影了,我也去了。

如不作“也”讲而只起连词作用,表示一种结果的意思,句子就要用正常语序。例如:

His mother told him to go to the film. So he did. 他母亲叫他去看电影,他就去了。

“He is a tall thin man.” “So he is.” “他又高又瘦。” “确实如此。”

3. 某些让步状语从句往往把表语提到主语前面或放在句首,以构成倒装结构。例如:

No matter how interesting the book is,he doesn't like to read it.不管这本书多有趣,他都不想看。

However hard a solid may be,we can change its shape. 不管一个固体有多硬,我们都可以改变其形状。

Young as he is, he knows a lot. 虽然他年轻,却知道很多东西。

4. 在虚拟语气中,如果非真实条件句省略if,须将主句中的were, had和should等助动词和主语颠倒形成部分倒装。例如:

Were he younger (= If he were younger), he would learn skating. 假如他年轻一些,他就会去学溜冰。

Should they forget (= If they should forget) to bring a map with them, they would get lost in the woods

如果他们忘记带一张地图的话,他们就会在深林里迷路。

Had they realized (= If they had realized) how important the task was, they wouldn’t have refused to

accept it. 假如他们认识到这个任务是多么重要的话,他们就不致于拒绝接受这项任务。

倒装句的构成分为全部倒转和部分倒装

a、全部倒装

全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有

1)here,there,now,then,thus等副词置于句首,谓语动词常用be,come,go,lie,run。

Theregoesthebell.

2)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。

Outrushedamissilefromunderthebomber.

注意上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。

Herehecomes.

b、部分倒装

部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do,does或did,并将其置于主语之前。

1)句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,atnotime,innoway,notuntil…等。

NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.

Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.

当Notuntil引出主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装。

注意如否定词不在句首不倒装。

Ihaveneverseensuchaperformance.

典型例题

1)WhycantIsmokehere?

Atnotime___inthemeeting-room

答案A.这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时,其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。这些否定词包括no,little,hardly,seldom,never,notonly,notuntil等。本题的正常语序是Smokingispermittedinthemeeting-roomatnotime.

2)Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury___whatheatis.

答案D.看到Notuntil…的句型,我们知道为一倒装句,答案在C,D中选一个。

改写为正常语序为,Mandidnotknowwhatheatisuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19th.现在将not提前,后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。

以否定词开头作部分倒装

如Notonly…butalso,Hardly/Scarcely…when,Nosooner…than

Not only did here fuse thegi ft,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.

Hardly had she gone out when a student came tovisither.

1. My brother had a cold last week, _________.

A. so had I B. so did I

C. I had so D. so I had

2. Not until _________ home __________ his parents had been ill for three days.

A. he got; he knew B. did he get; he knew

C. he got; did he know D. did he get; did he know

3. In hardly any situation ________ find her sad.

A. that you can B. that can you

C. you can D. can you

4. Be quick! _________.

A. The bus comes here B. Here comes the bus

C. The bus here comes D. Here is the bus coming

5. In ________ and the lesson began.

A. the teacher came B. the teacher coming

C. came the teacher D. did the teacher come

6. On the wall _________ two large portraits.

A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging

1. 完全倒装 1) 完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前(是整个谓语动词,而非助动词)。 例如:In came the teacher and the class began. (老师走了进来,然后开始上课。) 2) there引出的完全倒装句:除了最常见的there be句型以外,there还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等,一般都译成"有"的含义,构成完全倒装句。 例如:There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.(远处有个穿黑色衣服的人。) 3) 由地点和时间副词引出的完全倒装句:以地点副词here, there和时间副词now, then 开头,后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall, follow, go, lie, remain, seem, stand等,而主语又是名词时,构成完全倒装句。 例:Under that tree sits a beautiful girl.(那棵树下坐着一位美丽的姑娘。) 例:_________ from the tenth floor when the policeman pointed his pistol at him. A) Jumped down the burglar B) Down the burglar jumped C) The burglar jumps down D) Down jumped the burglar 答案是D) Down jumped the burglar。因为地点状语Down位于句首应该用完全倒装,整个谓语动词应位于主语之前。C) The burglar jumps down虽然是自然语序,但时态错误,应该用和时间状语从句一致的过去时,而不是现在时。 注意: 1) 在here, there引出的倒装句中,当主语是普通名词时用完全倒装句,但当主语是代词时,就要用部分倒装句。 例:Here comes the postman!(邮递员终于来了!注意实意谓语动词位于主语之前。) Here we are.(我们到了。注意系动词位于主语代词之后。) 2) 注意正语序和倒装语序的语气、意义是区别: 例:Here is the picture I love.(这正是我所喜爱的画。) The picture I love is here.(我所喜爱的画在这里。) 3) 当主语是代词,谓语是系动词,表语是说明性的词、词组和定语从句时,可以使用完全倒装句,起强调作用。 例:Lucky is he who has been enrolled into a famous university.(他真幸运,被一所名牌大学录取了。) 2. 部分倒装 1) 部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)放到主语前,或把句子的强调成分提前。 例:_______ right now, she would get there on Sunday. A) Would she leave B) if she leave C) were she to leave D) If she had left 结合选项,全句的意思是:“如果她立刻就走,她就能在星期天到达那里”。答案是C。 2) 以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装。注意下列句子中助动词或情态动词提前、甚至补充助动词的用法: 例:Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.(小约翰直到昨天才改变了主意。) 例:In no country ______ Britain, it had been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day. A) better than B) more than C) other than D) rather than 本题是个倒装句,答案是C) other than。no other than意思是“正是、就是”;而rather than的意思是“宁愿……而不……;而不是”。 3) 以否定副词开头并加状语的句子要求部分倒装。这些否定副词有barely, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely…… when, never, no sooner…… than, rarely, no more, nor nearly, not only等以及only。 例:Only under special circumstances _________ to take make-up tests. A) are freshmen permitted C) permitted are freshmen B) freshmen are permitted D) are permitted freshmen 全句的意思是:“一年级学生只有在特殊的情况下才可以允许补考。”本陈述句以only开始,后面接状语,应当用部分倒装句。所以答案是A) are freshmen permitted。如用自然语序,本题所在的句子就应该改写为:Freshmen are permitted to take make-up tests only under special circumstances.这两句话的差别是,前者将only under special circumstances放到句首,表示对状语的强调。注意:在部分倒装句中,只有助动词、情态动词或连系动词to be可以置于主语之前,其它部分都要置于主语之后。 注意: a) 如果含有从句时,只要求主句倒装: 例:Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.(只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。) b) 如果上述否定副词出现在强调句型中的前半部分,不用倒装: 例: It was not until he went abroad that he know the truth of the fact.(直到他出国以后才了解到事实真相。) c) 如果hardly, scarcely后面接的是any, ever, at all时,意义类似almost no/ not/ never(几乎不、从不),则无须倒装。 例:Hardly any people having been invited went there.(几乎没有什么受到邀请的人去那里了。) 4) 由no matter how, however和how引导的状语从句要求部分倒装,因为形容词或副词通常紧跟在这三个引导词后面,然后才是主语和谓语,形成形式上的部分倒装句: 例:I know nothing about this river, neither how long, how wide nor how deep it is.(我一点也不了解这条河,不知道它有多长,多宽或多深。) 由as引导的部分倒装句: a) 当as作为比较意义时,即用于as + adj./ adv. + as结构中时,如果把第一个as省略掉,就形成部分倒装句。 例:Cautious as the rest of her family (was) , she didn't seem willing to give an immediate reply to my question.(正如她家里人一样谨慎小心,她似乎不愿意立即回答我的问题。) She ran down the stairs, quick as a rabbit (ran).(她跑下楼去,跑得象兔子那么快!) b) 当as引导让步状语时,和although, though一样,当用作“尽管”之义时,可以用于部分倒装句。 例:_______, there was no hope of her being able to sleep. A) As she was exhausted B) If she was exhausted C) Exhausted though she was D) Now that she was exhausted 答案是C) Exhausted though she was。从属连词as, though可以用于让步状语从句中。这种从句必须以形容词(或形容词化的分词)、名词或动词原形开头,主语必须位于从句之后。D) Now that she was exhausted里的引导词Now that表示“既然”;B) If she was exhausted表示条件“如果”; A) As she was exhausted表示“由于”(因为使用的是正语序),都与后面句子的意思不通顺。 c) 表示原因时,为了强调起见,也可以倒装。 例:Tired as he was, we decided not to disturb him.(因为他太累了,我们决定不打扰他。) d) 等于so时,意义是“也,也是” 例:She worked hard, so/ as did her husband. (她工作很努力,她的丈夫工作也很努力。) 3. 其它情况的倒装句 1) so, neither, nor除了构成上述倒装句以外,还可以取代上文出现的名词、形容词甚至整句话,构成完全倒装句或部分倒装句。但这两种倒装的意义不同。 a) 当so表示“也,相同,那样”时,通常表示对前一句肯定句的赞同、一致内容,要求使用完全倒装句: 例:I asked him to complete the experiment before five, so he did (=and he did that).(我让他在5点以前完成实验,他做到了。) b) so /such ……that句型可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that之间的部分: 例:So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled.(他的要价如此之高,令每个人都瞠目结舌。) To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out.(她的彩排进行得那么长,以致于两个演员都走出去了。) c) neither和nor共有4种倒装形式,其含义分别为: 完全倒装时:表示"也不",和上文a)用法正好相反,表示对前一句否定句的赞同或一致内容。 例:You don't know what to do now, neither/ nor do I .(你不知道现在该做什么,我也不知道。) 和其它否定副词连用,表示"也(不)",也要求用完全倒装句: 例:The besieged enemy could not advance, nor / neither could they retreat.(被包围的敌人既不能进,也不能退。) 注意:若把这句话改成:"The besieged enemy could neither advance nor retreat.(被包围的敌人既不能进,也不能退。)"就不必倒装。 例:She never laughed, ______ lose her temper. A) or she ever did B) nor did she ever C) or did she ever D) nor she ever did 本题的句子是一个并列句,全句意思是:“她从来不大声笑,也没有发过脾气”。当前面的分句含否定意义而且后面的分句也含否定的意思时,后面的反句通常用含否定意义的nor(或neither)连接。此外,nor(或neither)连接的分句应当用倒装句,及其谓语中的情态动词、连系动词或助动词应放主语之前。所以B) nor did she ever是答案。本句相当于:"…, and she never lost her temper, either"。 1) 用在肯定句里,构成一般否定倒装: 例:All that is true, nor must we forget it.(那全都是真的,我们可不能忘记。) 2) 部分倒装,有承上启下作用,表示同意和赞同: 例:A: I couldn't do anything for her.(我帮不了她。) B: Nor you could, but you might have got somebody to help her.(你是不能帮她,但你本可以找人帮她的。) 2) 在进行比较的句子里,如果主语不是代词时,可以倒装: 例:America consumes more energy than did our country.(美国消耗的能源比我们国家多。) Her face is rather pale and even paler are her hands.(她的脸色苍白,她的手更白。) 情态动词

英语语法倒装句的知识点归纳

1. as引导让步状语从句时的倒装

as作虽然解,引导让步状语从句时,必须将表语、状语或动词原形提到as前面。此时,要注意两点:①若提前的表语是没有形容词修饰的单数可数名词,要省略不定冠词;②若提前的是动词原形(多为不及物动词),与之连用的通常是may, might, will, would等,且这些词都要保留在原来的.位置上(主语后);③though有时也可像as这样使作倒装。如:

Child as he is, he knows a lot.

虽然他是小孩,但却很懂了。

Much as I like you, I couldnt live with you.

虽然我很喜欢你,但我不能和你一起生活。

Try as he might, he couldnt open the door.

虽然他试过几次,但仍不能把门打开。

2. Such is life之类的倒装

这类句子中的 such 其实为表语,真正的主语是其后的 life。如:

Such is his nature. 他的本性就这样。

Such were his words. 这就是他所说的话。

英语中的倒装句怎么倒装

主语和谓语的倒装 主语和谓语是句子的核心,它们之间有两种语序 一是主语在谓语之前称为自然语序(Natural Order); 二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序(Inverted Order)。 而倒装语序中又有完全倒装(Full Inversion)和部分倒装(Partial Inversion) 1.完全倒装(Full Inversion):又称"全部倒装",是指将句子中的谓语全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。 谓语+主语+…… ①There be(的各种形式)+主语(+地点或时间状语) 例子: There was a drop in the temperature.温度下降了 There are brids singing in the tree.鸟儿在树上唱歌。 ②副词小品词+谓语动词+名词主语+…… ③过去分词或现代分词+be的各种形式+主语+…… 2.部分倒装(Partial Inversion)(又称半倒装句):指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前,而谓语动词无变化。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do,does或did,并将其置于主语之前。 英语句子的倒装一是由于语法结构的需要而进行的倒装,二是由于修辞的需要而进行的倒装。 前一种情况,倒装是必须的,否则就会出现语法错误;后一种情况,倒装是选择性的,倒装与否只会产生表达效果上的差异。 表示强调 倒装句最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调,其表现形式如下: +状语或状语从句置于句首,句子用部分倒装,但从句内不倒装。 例子: Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。 Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake. 只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。 2. hardly,in no way,little,scarcely,seldom,never,no more,no longer,not,not only,no sooner,not only … (but also),not until… 等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首,句子用部分倒装。 例子: No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 我刚到家就下起了雨。 Seldom do I go to work by bus. 我很少乘公共汽车上班。 Not until twelve o'clock did she go to bed last night . 她昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。 3. so / such...that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that之间的部分。 例子: So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled. 他的要价太离谱,令每个人都瞠目结舌。 To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out. 她的彩排进行得那么长,以致于那两个演员都走出去了。 以上各例都用倒装语序突出了句首成分,其语气较自然语序强烈,因而具有极佳的修辞效果。 4.某些副词开头的句子构成的完全倒装here、there、now、then、thus等副词开头的句子可构成完全倒装。条件是谓语动词是不及物动词,如arise、be、come、exist、go、follow等。需要注意的是,当主语是代词时,不能构成倒装。 例子: Here comes our headmaster。我们的校长来了。 Here it is. 在这里。 Here is your key.这是你的钥匙。 承上启下 1.为了避免句子部分内容不必要的重复,常用"so+be动词(助动词、情态动词)+主语"或"neither/nor + be动词(助动词、情态动词)+主语"的倒装句式。 其中第一个句式表示"与前面所述的肯定情况相同",第二个句式表示"与前面所述的否定情况相同"。 例子: A:His brother is(not) a college student; B:so is mine.(nor is mine .) A:他弟弟(不)是大学生,B:我弟弟也是。(我弟弟也不是。) A:He used to have his further study abroad; B:so did I.(neither did I.) A:他曾去国外深造过。B:我也去过。(我也没有。) A:One of my friends can speak three foreign languages; B:so can his wife.(neither can his wife .) A:我的一个朋友会说三门外国语。B:他的妻子也会。(他的妻子也不会。) 2.倒装可把前一句说到的人或物,或与前一句有联系的人或物在下一句紧接着先说出来,从而使前后两句在意思上的关系更加清楚,衔接更加紧密,起到承上启下的作用。 例子: They broke into her uncle's bedroom and found the man lying on the floor,dead. Around his head was a brown snake. 他们破门进入她叔叔的卧室,发现他躺在地板上死了。一条棕褐色的蛇缠在他头上。 We really should not resent being called paupers. Paupers we are,and paupers we shall remain. 我们确实不应因为被称作穷光蛋而愤愤不平。我们的确是穷光蛋,而且还会继续是穷光蛋。 制造悬念,渲染气氛 在新闻或文学创作中,有时为了内容的需要,或是为了强调,作者常常运用倒装来制造悬念,渲染气氛。 如朗费罗(Longfellow)《雪花》中的一节: Out of the bosom of the Air, Out of the cloud-folds of her garments shaken, Over the woodlands brown and bare, Over the harvest-fields forsaken, Silent,and soft,and slow, Descends the snow. 它来自天上。 叠叠乌云抖衣裳, 静悄悄,不慌张, 绵绵雪花降; 落在光秃秃的棕色树林, 和收割过的孤寂田野上。 在这一节诗里,诗人就富有创意地运用了倒装。在前五行中,诗人堆砌了七个状语,状语连续出现而主语和谓语却迟迟未露,造成一种悬念效应。全节读罢,读者才对诗歌的主题恍然大悟,因而收到了不同凡响的艺术效果。 平衡结构 英语修辞的一个重要原则是尾重原则,即把句子最复杂的成分放在句尾以保持句子平衡。在语言使用中为了避免产生头重脚轻、结构不平衡的句子,我们常采用倒装语序。 1. 以作状语的介词短语开头:当主语较长或主语所带修饰语较长时,为了使句子平衡,常将状语置于句首,句子用完全倒装语序。 例子: 1.A. To the coal mine came a com-pany of PLA soldiers with orders from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners. B. A company of PLA soldiers came to the coal mine with orders from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners. 一个连队的解放军战士来到了那座煤矿,奉司令部之命解救受困的矿工。 2.A. On the ground lay some air conditioners,which are to be shipped to some other cities. B. Some air conditioners lay on the ground,which are to be shipped to some other cities. 地上放着一些空调,等着用船运到其他城市去。 例句(2)包含一个非限制性定语从句,B句未倒装,则从句的先行词与引导词which中间被状语分隔开,不易于理解,而A句倒装使得先行词air conditioner与引导词which的关系一目了然。 从例句中可看出,采用倒装语序的A句结构平衡稳妥,读起来自然流畅,而采用自然语序的B句结构零乱,读起来也别扭。因而,在主语较长时就应采用倒装语序以取得理想的表达效果。 2. 以表语开头的句子:有时为了把较长的主语放在后面,须将表语和谓语都提到主语前。 例子: Such would be our home in the future. 我们家就将是这个样子。 3. 以副词here,there开头的句子,也采用完全倒装来保持句子平衡。 例子: Here is the letter you have been looking forward to. 你盼望已久的信在这儿。 使描写生动 有时为了使叙述或描绘更加生动形象,增加语言效果,可将表示方向的副词(如:down,up,out,in,off,on,away等)或拟声词(bang,crack等)置于句首,句子采用全部倒装的语序(主语为人称代词的句子除外)。 例子: Up went the rocket into the air. 嗖地一声火箭就飞上天了。 Down jumped the criminal from the third floor when the policeman pointed his pistol at him. 当警察把手枪瞄准那个罪犯时,嘭地一下他就从三楼跳了下去。 Boom went the cannon! 轰隆一声大炮开火了! Bang came another shot! 砰!又是一声枪响! 以上句子简洁明快,生动逼真地描述了有关动作,令我们一览此类倒装的风采。但这种倒装句的修辞功能在语段中可以体现得更为清楚。 “Stop thief! Stop thief!” There is a magic cry in the sound. The tradesman leaves his counter,... Away they run,pell—mell,helter—skelter,yelling—screaming,... “Stop thief ! Stop thief !” The cry is taking by a hundred voices,... Away they fly,splashing through the mud,up go the window,out run the people. ( Dickens ) 作者在第一段和第二段中分别用副词away,up和out位于句首引出四个倒装句Away they run,Away they fly,up go the window,out run the people。从而制造出一种紧张、急促的气氛,生动地刻画了一个紧张、混乱的捉贼场面。 倒装是英语中一个重要的修辞手段。倒装句的使用丰富了我们的语言表达,了解并掌握倒装句各种句式的用法,不仅会提高我们对英语语言的欣赏能力,对英语表达能力的提高也将大有裨益。因此,写作中适当用一些倒装句式定会使文章表达更生动、有力。

倒装是一种语法手段,用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。倒装句主要有两种:完全倒装和部分倒装。1、完全倒装完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前(是整个谓语动词,而非助动词)。例如:The teacher came in and the class began.(没有倒装)In came the teacher and the class began. (老师走了进来,然后开始上课。)2、部分倒装1) 部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)放到主语前,或把句子的强调成分提前。Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he has always dreamt about(疾病没有使他放弃过上梦想中的生活)2) 以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装。注意下列句子中助动词或情态动词提前、甚至补充助动词的用法: 例:Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.(小约翰直到昨天才改变了主意。)当然,每一种倒装句的使用有很多情形,具体参见网页

英语倒装句的用法归纳如下:

主语和谓语是句子的核心,它们之间有两种语序。

一是主语在谓语之前称为自然语序(Natural Order)。

二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序(Inverted Order)。

而倒装语序中又有完全倒装(Full Inversion)和部分倒装(Partial Inversion)。

1、主谓倒装。在感叹句或疑问句中,为了强调谓语而将它放到句首,以加强感叹或疑问语气。例:甚矣,汝之不惠。 全句是“汝之不惠甚矣”。谓语前置,表强调的意味,可译为“你太不聪明了”。

2、宾语前置。否定句中代词充当宾语、疑问代词充当动词或介词的宾语以及用“之”字或“是”字作为提宾标志时,宾语通常都要前置。例:“何陋之有”即“有何陋”的倒装。可译为“有什么简陋呢”,“何”,疑问代词,“之”,助词,无实在意义,在这里是宾语前置的标志。

3、定语后置。古汉语中有时为了突出修饰语,将定语放在中心词之后。

4、介宾结构后置。

一、倒装句常规结构

1、基本句型1:主语第1位,谓语第2位;

2、基本句型2:主语第1位,系动词第2位,表语第3位;

3、基本句型3:主语第1位,谓语第2位,宾语第3位;

4、基本句型4:主语第1位,谓语第2位,间接宾语第3位,直接宾语第4位;

5、基本句型5:主语第1位,谓语第2位,宾语第3位,宾语补语第4位;

二、非常规结构:

如果在句子中,上述这5种角色的位置不按常规结构布局,则会产生非常规结构。具体表现为:

①主语位置的变化;

②谓语位置的变化(包括表语);

③宾语位置的变化;

④宾语补语位置的变化。

扩展资料

1、疑问句和特殊疑问句要倒装

Are you cold?

Does he go to school by bike?

注意:若疑问词在句中作主语或主语的定语时,不倒装。

Who is your English teacher?

2、There be 句型

在There+助动词/情态动词+be+主语+地点/时间的句型中,主语在谓语be动词后面,因此这是倒装。

There was not an underground in Beijing before.

注意:这种倒装句在There seems/happened/used/lived/came to be等句型中也同样适用。

3、直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时,引述动词和它的主语有时装。

“Get out of the room!” shouted the angry woman.

4、以here, there, now, in ,out, up, down, away, then等副词开头的句子中,句子要倒装,以示强调。习惯上,除以then开头的句子用过去时外,其余一般使用现在时。

There goes the bell.铃声响了。

注意:在这种句型中,如果主语是代词时就不倒装。

5、虚拟条件句的省略与倒装

当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had, were, should等时,如将if省略,则要将had, were, should等移到主语前,构成倒装句:

Had you come yesterday, you would have seen him.

若你昨天来,你就会见到他了。

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作者:小思本文地址:http://aiyundongfang.com/lingjichu/2496.html发布于 09-18
文章转载或复制请以超链接形式并注明出处学思外教

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