近10年英语四级阅读理解真题

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摘要： 近十年英语四级真题阅读理解大学英语四级阅读真题长难句型分析引导语：下面我就给大家带来大学英语四级阅读真题长难句型分析，谢谢您的阅读，祝您阅读愉快。长难句一Altho...

近十年英语四级真题阅读理解

大学英语四级阅读真题长难句型分析

引导语：下面我就给大家带来大学英语四级阅读真题长难句型分析，谢谢您的阅读，祝您阅读愉快。

长难句一

Although some of the more ambitious programs require new investments in servers and networks to support collaborative software, most distance learning courses can run on existing or minimally upgraded ( 升级) systems. ( Passage 1)

分析主干：courses can run (on...)

Although 引导让步状语从句。investment in...表示“在......方面的投资”。不定式to support... 是宾语investment 的补足语，“项目需要投资来支持相关软件”(因为)support 的逻辑主语不是programs 而是investment，所以该不定式应该是补语，而非目的状语)。译文：虽然一些规模更大的课程需要斥资增加新的服务器、扩建网络来支持配套的软件，但大部分远程教育课程可以在现有的或稍加升级的系统上运行。

长难句二

While many good and useful claims are being made, it is clear there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately informed about the environmental impact of the products they buy. ( Passage 2)

分析主干：it is clear that...

句首的While 引导让步状语从句，“尽管”......。it is clear......中，it 是形式主语，省略连接词that 的从句there is...才是句子的真正主语。in ensuring...是there be 句型的状语成分，“在确保......方面”。ensuring 后面接的是省略that 的宾语从句。

译文：虽然有许多好而有用的声明，但是，很明显，要确保购买者完全知晓所购产品对环境的影响还需要很长的时间。

长难句三

They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think, "Geez, if it could happen to him,..."( Passage 1)

主干：They only come in

引导时间状语从句，而且引导两个并列的从句：a friend drops dead...以及they think...。引号中的是直接引语，作think的宾语。

2.本句在理解上的一个难点是，they think究竟是与they come in并列还是与a friend drops dead并列。从语言形式上看，两种理解都可以;但从语义逻辑上看，应该是“他们只有在想到...的时候才来”，把they think归到时间状语从句中更合理。

译文：只有当一位朋友在高尔夫球场猝死时，他们才来看医生。他们会想到：“哎呀，如果这样的事能发生在他身上，...”

长难句四

Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind. ( Passage 1)

分析主干：I would fight...

when 引导时间状语从句。本句理解上的难点不在语法结构，而在语言本身所表达的'内容。was pushed into...表明作者不是主动参与这类争论的。an argument on...“在......方面的争论”。on my behalf “代表我自己，为我自己。”

译文：有时候，当我与别人争论左脑与右脑的问题，或者是先天天赋与后天培育的问题时，我会马上站在我的立场以及所有女性同胞的立场上给予狠狠的反驳遥。

长难句五

As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come out from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen. ( Passage 2)

分析主干：the ideas will come out and let themselves be captured...

句首的as 引导时间状语从句。主句部分是复合谓语，有两个由and 连接的并列谓语。

译文：随着话语开始流淌，思想也会逐渐明朗化，使自己呈现在你的笔记本或者屏幕上。

长难句六

While she awaits the outcome, the government has granted her permission to work here and she has returned to her job at Ben & Jerry‘s. ( Passage 2)

分析主干：the government has granted her permission and she has returned to...

While 引导时间状语从句。本句主句是由and 连接两个分句构成的并列句，两个分句都用了现在完成时，与状语从句的一般现在时对照来看，表明主句中的两个动作都是在await 期间完成。grant 后面接了双宾语，间接宾语是her，直接宾语是permission。

译文：在她等待结果出来期间，政府给予她在美国的工作许可，她已经返回到她在Ben & Jerry 冰激凌连锁店的工作岗位。

长难句七

Because I know very little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade, I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting (借用) my daughter‘s experience. ( Passage 2)

分析主干：I had to accept the fact...

Because 引导原因状语从句。该从句用了know little about...结构，about 有两个宾语。that 引导的从句是即farm animals 和angels，中间用or 连接，两个名词分别都有定语从句加以修饰。主句部分fact 带有that 引导的同位语从句。

译文：因为我对会使用工具的家畜和上一年级的天使一无所知，所以我得承认这样的事实：我在借用我女儿的经验。

长难句八

The I SO labeling standards ban vague or misleading claims on product packaging, because terms such as “environmentally friendly”and “non-polluting”cannot be verified. ( Passage 2)

分析主干：院The standards ban claims本句只含一个原因状语从句，结构上较为简单。值得注意的是，句中的名词词组大多含有修饰成分，如：The ISO labeling standards, claims on product packaging, terms such as...。

译文：ISO 标识标准禁止在商品的包装上出现模糊的或会引起误导的产品说明，因为我们无法证明类似“环保”、“无污染”等这样的字样。

长难句九

While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, distance learning usually signifies a course in which the instructors post syllabi (课程大纲), reading assignments, and schedules on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. ( Passage 1)

分析主干：distance learning signifies a course

1.句首While 引导状语从句，有让步、对比之意。

which 引导定语从句修饰a course，该从句本身是and 连接两个分句构成的并列结构，两个分句分别讲到有关老师和学生的情况。post... on Websites 结构中，post 含有3 个宾语。

译文：虽然网络课程提供的教学形式会各不相同，但远程学习通常都表现为这样一种课程：教师将课程大纲、阅读作业及课程进度安排在网站上公布，学生通过电子邮件提交作业。

长难句十

While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so. ( Passage 2)

分析主干：they cannot work...

While 引导让步状语从句，“尽管......”。从句中的employ 表示“采用”，不定式to get...作目的状语。work in parallel“并行不悖地起作用”。no matter how 也引导让步状语从句，表示“无论多么......”。

译文“尽管要完成定稿这两种思维都不可或缺，可是它们却不能并行着参与写作过程-----无论我们多么认为原本如此。

长难句十一

Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷) may be "well,"in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. ( Passage 2)

分析主干:people may be "well"

主句的主语people 有一个who 引导的定语从句修饰。if 引导条件状语从句，从句中的they can 是省略形式的定语从句(相当于they can maintain)，修饰health。

译文：在这种新的意义上来说，甚至有生理疾患或缺陷的人也是“健康的”，如果他们在面对身体缺陷时尽力去达到可能的最好健康状况的话。

长难句十二

分析主干:people may be "well"

主句的主语people 有一个who 引导的定语从句修饰。if 引导条件状语从句，从句中的they can 是省略形式的定语从句(相当于they can maintain)，修饰health。

译文：在这种新的意义上来说，甚至有生理疾患或缺陷的人也是“健康的”，如果他们在面对身体缺陷时尽力去达到可能的最好健康状况的话。

长难句十三

Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the page as the deadline draws near. ( Passage 2)

分析主干：you will believe that... and you will end up staring...

本句主句是and 连接两个分句构成的并列句。前一个分句中，that 引导的从句作believe 的宾语，该宾语从句中又包含一个由than 引导的比较状语从句。后一个分句中，谓语部分是end up doing 结构，staring...作主语补足语。

译文：你很有可能会以为这样加工整理素材会让你时间不够用，结果是最后随着交稿日期的逐渐临近，你将只是盯着稿件发呆。

长难句十四

Organized by the New York-based nonprofit Earth Pledge, the show inspired many top designers to work with sustainable fabrics for the first time. ( Passage 1)

分析主干：the show inspired designers

本句是简单句。过去分词短语Organized by...在句中作状语，用以补充说明主语的背景信息。谓语部分用了inspire sb. to do 结构，不定式短语to work with...是宾语补足语。

译文：这次时装秀由总部位于纽约的非盈利组织Earth Pledge 主办，激发了许多顶尖设计师第一次使用不破坏生态平衡的布料设计时装。

长难句十五

This week Wal-Mart is set to announce a major initiative aimed at helping cotton farmers go organic: it will buy transitional (过渡型的) cotton at higher prices, thus helping to expand the supply of a key sustainable material. ( Passage 1)

分析主干：Wal-Mart is set to announce a (major) initiative: it will buy (transitional)cotton...

1.本句冒号后的内容是对前文initiative 的详细阐述，相当于一个同位语从句。

2.冒号前的分句中，谓语动词用了be set to do 结构，过去分词短语aimed to...是initiatives 的后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。

3.冒号后的分句中，结构简单，其中helping to...是现在分词短语，作谓语动词buy 的状语，表示目的。

译文：本周沃尔玛超市准备出台一项重大举措，目的在于帮助棉农种植有机棉：沃尔玛将以更高的价格收购过渡型的棉花，以此帮助扩大一种重要有机原材料的供应。

长难句十六

Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts and endings for her tales. ( Passage 2)

分析主干：I offered suggestions (for...)

句首的Telling 是现在分词，作状语，表示伴随动作：它带了一个宾语从句，从句的表语writer 后接了一个作定语的现在分词guiding...。主句部分的介词for 带有三个名词作宾语，与suggestion 连用，表示“对.......的建议”。

译文：我对自己说，我只是一个有经验的作家，在指导身边的一位年轻作家。我对她的那些故事中的人物尧冲突及结局提出建议。

长难句十七

Some expected emailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that because deception makes people uncomfortable, the detachment (非直接接触) of emailing would make it easier to lie. ( Passage 1)

分析主干：Some expected emailers to be the biggest liars...

不定式to be the biggest liars 在句中作宾语emailers 的补语。现在分词reasoning在句中作伴随状语。that 引导从句作reasoning 的宾语。该宾语从句又包含一个原因状语从句，由because 引导。

译文：有些心理学家原以为人们在电子邮件中最容易撒谎，理由是：欺使人感到不舒服，所以电子邮件这种非直接接触的媒介能让人的谎言更容易说出口。

长难句十八

Consumers are being confused and misled by the hodge-podge ( 大杂烩) ofenvironmental claims made by household products, according to a “green labeling” study published by Consumers International Friday. ( Passage 2)

分析主干：Consumers are being confused and misled by...

本句用了现在进行时的被动语态，含两个谓语动词confused 和misled。过去分词短语made by...和published by...分别修饰前面的名词claims 和study。

译文：根据消费者国际组织在星期五发表的野绿色商标冶研究报告，消费者受到了各种家居产品五花八门的环保声明的误导，都被搞糊涂了。

长难句十九

I have also witnessed a player reacting to his opponent蒺s intentional and illegal blocking by deliberately hitting him with the ball as hard as he could during the course of play. ( Passage 1)

分析主干：I have (also) witnessed a player reacting

reacting 在句中是现在分词，作宾语a player 的补语;by... hitting...是reacting 的方式状语，hitting 作介词by 的宾语。as hard as he could 是比较结构，表示“尽力”。

译文：还有一次我看到过一个球员在比赛中因为对方的一个有意犯规阻挡，而故意使足了力气把球砸向对方。

长难句二十

Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits. ( Passage 2)

分析主干：someone will glance...

本句是个简单句，谓语动词glance 后接介词短语through purchases or bills。不定式短语to find out...在句中作状语，表示“无意中一瞥”的结果。

译文：或者有人会随意翻阅你的信用卡购物单或手机话费单，以此来了解你的购物喜好或通话习惯。

The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isn’t an either/or proposition(命题)，although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM(science, technology, engineering, maths)-related fields can make it seem that way. 　　The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training, but also asserts that the study of the humanities (人文学科)and social sciences must remain central components of America’s educational system at all levels. Both are critical to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society, become innovative(创新的)leaders, and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides. 　　Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates’ job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs. Under these circumstances, it’s natural to look for what may appear to be the most “practical” way out of the problem “Major in a subject designed to get you a job” seems the obvious answer to some, though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as “soft” often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run. Indeed, according to surveys, employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well, think critically, research creatively, and communicate easily. 　　Moreover, students should be prepared not just for their first job, but for their 4th and 5th jobs, as there’s little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers. The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible. The ability to draw upon every available tool and insight—picked up from science, arts, and technology—to solve the problems of the future, and take advantage of the opportunities that present themselves, will be helpful to them and the United States. 　　56. What does the latest congressional report suggest? 　　A) STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society. 　　B) The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance. 　　C) The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students’ spiritual life. 　　D) Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society. 　　57. What is the main concern of students when they choose a major? 　　A) Their interest in relevant subjects. 　　B) The academic value of the courses. 　　C) The quality of education to receive. 　　D) Their chances of getting a good job. 　　58. What does the author say about the so called soft subjects? 　　A) The benefit students in their future life. 　　B) They broaden students’ range of interests. 　　C) They improve students’ communication skills. 　　D) They are essential to students’ healthy growth. 　　59. What kind of job applicants do employers look for? 　　A) Those who have a strong sense of responsibility. 　　B) Those who are good at solving practical problems. 　　C) Those who are likely to become innovative leaders. 　　D) Those who have received a well-rounded education. 　　60. What advice does the author give to college students? 　　A) Seize opportunities to tap their potential. 　　B) Try to take a variety of practical courses. 　　C) Prepare themselves for different job options. 　　D) Adopt a flexible approach to solving problems. 　　密码：BDADC 　　56. B The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance. 　　57. D Their chances of getting a good job. 　　58. A They benefit students in their future life. 　　59. D Those who have received a well-rounded education. 　　60. C Prepare themselves for different job options. 　　Energy independence. It has a nice ring to it. Doesn’t it? If you think so, you’re not alone, because energy independence has been the dream of American president for decades, and never more so than in the past few years, when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off the great recession. 　　“Energy independence” and its rhetorical (修辞的) companion “energy security” are, however, slippery concepts that are rarely though through. What is it we want independence from, exactly? 　　Most people would probably say that they want to be independent from imported oil. But there are reasons that we buy all that old from elsewhere. 　　The first reason is that we need it to keep our economy running. Yes, there is a trickle(涓涓细流)of biofuel(生物燃料)available, and more may become available, but most biofuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction. 　　Second, Americans have basically decided that they don’t really want to produce all their own oil. They value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad. Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental protection. To what extent are Americans really willing to endure the environmental impacts of domestic energy production in order to cut back imports? 　　Third, there are benefits to trade. It allows for economic efficiency, and when we buy things from places that have lower production costs than we do, we benefit. And although you don’t read about this much, the United States is also a large exporter of oil products, selling about 2 million barrels of petroleum products per day to about 90 countries. 　　There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and, in fact, relies on that steady flow to maintain its economy. When that flow is interrupted, we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices, At the same time, we derive massive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world. 　　61. What does the author say about energy independence for America? 　　A) It sounds very attractive. C) It will bring oil prices down. 　　B) It ensures national security. D) It has long been everyone’s dream. 　　62. What does the author think of biofuels? 　　A) They keep America’s economy running healthily. 　　B) They prove to be a good alternative to petroleum. 　　C) They do not provide a sustainable energy supply. 　　D) They cause serious damage to the environment. 　　63. Why does America rely heavily on oil imports? 　　A) It wants to expand its storage of crude oil. 　　B) Its own oil reserves are quickly running out. 　　C) It wants to keep its own environment intact. 　　D) Its own oil production falls short of demand. 　　64. What does the author say about oil trade? 　　A) It proves profitable to both sides. C) It makes for economic prosperity. 　　B) It improves economic efficiency. D) It saves the cost of oil exploration. 　　65. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? 　　A) To justify America’s dependence on oil imports. 　　B) To arouse Americans’ awareness of the energy crisis. 　　C) To stress the importance of energy conservation. 　　D) To explain the increase of international oil trade. 　　密码：ADCBA 　　61. A It sounds very attractive. 　　62. D They cause serious damage to the environment. 　　63. C It wants to keep its own environment intact. 　　64. B It improves economic efficiency. 　　65. A To justify America's dependence on oil imports.

Of all the components of a good night's sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by thelate 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just "mental noise"-the random byproducts of the neural repair work that goes on during sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind's emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is "off line." And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better. "It's your dream," says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychologyat Chicago's Medical Center, "if you don't like it, change it."

he link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright's clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don't always think about the emotional significance of the day's events-until, it appears, we begin to dream.

And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams. As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualizehow you would like it to end instead; the next time it occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.

At the end of the day, there's probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or "we wake up in panic," Cartwright says. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people's anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad rather dream-on it and you'll feel better in the morning.

练习题：

Choose correct answers to the question:

saying that “dreams are part of the mind's emotional thermostat," (Lines 4-5, Para. 1) the researchers mean that _______.

can think logically in the dreams too

can be brought under conscious control

represent our unconscious desires and fears

can help us keep our mood comparatively stable

did Cartwright find in her clinic?

bad dreams were followed by happier ones.

couples usually have more bad dreams.

’s dreaming process is related to his emotion.

having negative feelings dream more often.

believed with much practice，we can learn to _____.

what dreams to dream

well without any dreams

up in time to stop the bad dreams

what is upsetting about the dreams

author points out that a person who has constant bad dreams should ______

to control his dreams

a doctor

and dream on it

rid of anxiety first

author most probably thinks that controlling dreams is ______.

good practice

new discovery

for everyone

essential for everyone

参考答案及解析

1.[D] 词义理解题。在第1段第4句中，逗号后面的regulating moods是对emotional thermostat的功能进行解释说明，因此可以推断出选项D正确。

2.[C] 事实细节题。最具干扰的是选项A，因为其陈述与第2段第2句的陈述有点相似,但是，此长句说的是大多数人上半夜做噩梦，之后都会做好梦，而不是像选项A中所说大多数噩梦之后是好梦。而且，根据本段第1 句，很明显，选项C是这一句的近义替换。

3 [C] 推理判断题。本题考査对代词的理解。在第3段的最后一句中，代词it应指上文说到的控制噩梦，及时醒来等做法，因此只有选项C涉及了其中一个做法。选项A太泛了，选项B和D在文中并无提及。

4.[B] 事实细节题。本题考查根据构词法猜测词义的能力。解题关键是推断最后一段第3句中therapist的意义，在考纲词汇表中，therapy是“治疗”的意思，因此，therapist应该是专门负责某种治疗的医生，由此可见，选项B是对原文seek help from a therapist的近义替换。

5.[D] 观点态度题。根据最后一句可以推断作者认为如无必要，梦还是不要控制的好。做梦会让你早上感觉舒服一些，因此本题应选D。

The dancers stand motionless at their position and the room grows silent. But as the music starts, they began to move, bending, turning and waving their fans gracefully as they perform. a traditional Japanese dance. Yoshihiro Kuroki watches in silence, occasionally making notes. But as the dance ends, he beams with happiness. The performance has been flawless.

There have been many performances of traditional Japanese dances over the centuries, but this one is unique,because it is performed not by human dancers but by robots. And the performance takes place not in a dance studio but in a laboratory of Sony Corp.'s Entertainment Robot Co. in Shinagawa, Japan, where Kuroki isgeneral manager. He is the mastermind behind a series of even more capable humanoid entertainment robots,starting with the Sony Dream Robot, or SDR, in 1997, up to the current QRIO in 2003.

These delightful machines are only 58 cm tall, about the size of a newborn infant, weigh about 7 kg, and move with 38 degrees of freedom, each with its own servomotor(辅助马达).

QRIO's predecessor, the SDR4X, announced in 2002, can walk, dance, sing, speak, recognize faces, and understand continuous speech. Each robot has two charge-coupled-device cameras to detect color and position andcan locate a colored ball, move toward it, and kick it into a goal. It also has contact sensors in severaljoints to avoid pinching real human fingers. Seeing the robot perform, it is difficult to remember that there is no sentience(知觉)behind those glass eyes.

练习题：

Choose correct answers to the question:

of the following is the most suitable title of this passage?

Entertainment Robots Produced in Japan.

the Robot Dancers.

Man's Best Friend.

Extraordinary Performance in Sony's Lab.

Kuroki ______.

excited when the robots are performing a traditional Japanese dance

silent because he is a little unsatisfied with the new product

the creation of a series of entertainment robots

an executive manager of Sony Corp.

aspect of the robots is NOT mentioned in the passage?

vividness of their motion.

pleasant appearance.

smart designing principles.

communicative ability.

Sony Dream Robot was___

first human-like entertainment robot developed by the Sony Corp

capable as the QRIO of speaking,dancing,singing and walking

among all the entertainment robot developed by the Sony Corp

first entertainment robot sold at the market by the Sony Corp

robot can locate colored balls by mens of ____

charge-coupled device

cameras

contacts sensors

digital detector

参考答案及解析

1.[A] 主旨大意题。标题需要既全面又突出地概括文章的主题。本文先是描述“舞蹈演员”，然后揭晓这是些“机器人”(第2段第1句)，接着对Sony公司的一些机器人产品进行详细介绍。选项A比较全面地概括了文章内容。选项B、D只是涉及细节，不能全面地概括本文的内容。而C又过于笼统，不具有针对性。

2.[C] 事实细节题。选项C符合第2段最后一句“He is the mastermind behind a series of... robots...”。仔细阅读有关的细节信息会发现,第1段第3句可帮助否定选项A。第1段最后两句可帮助否定选项B。另外，根据第2段倒数第2句可否定选项D。

3.[D] 事实细节题。全文分四段，分别讨论机器人三方面的特点：第1段和第2段描述机器人舞蹈演员栩栩如生的表演，即选项A;第3段描写它们的外表，即选项B;第4段介绍它们巧妙的设计，即选项C;只有选项D是没有提到的，故为答案。

4.[A] 推理判断题。该句中的分词结构“starting with...”表明the Sony Dream Robot是第一个人形娱乐机器人，因此选项A正确。文章在最后一段的第1句提到两种能说话、跳舞的机器人，但没有提到SDR是否和它们一样，由此可否定选项B。在第3段讨论机器人大小的时候也没有提到SDR体型最大，因此选项C不正确。选项D在文中没有讨论到。

5.[B] 事实细节题。该句中“two…cameras to...”的结构表明这两个摄像头可以用于定位，所以选项B正确。选项A在该句中也有提到，但它只是摄像机的工作机制，而不是用于定位的装置。选项C在下一句提到，但与题干提到的定位功能无关。选项D在文中并未提及。

Henry III didn't know much about biology. He went through six wives back in the 1500s, looking for one whocould bear him a son. Scientists now know that it's the father's sperm, not the mother's egg, which determines whether a baby is a boy or a girl. And last week researchers at the Genetics and IVF Institute, a private fertility(生育能力)center in Virginia, announced a new technique that will allow parents to choose the sex of their baby-to-be, before it has even been conceived. The scientist used a tiny laser detector to measure the DNA in millions of sperm cells as they pass single file through a narrow tube, like cattle being herded through a corral(牲口栏). In a study published last week, "girl sperm," which has more DNA—the genetic material— in each cell, was collected, while "boy sperm" was discarded. And when purified girl sperm was used to impregnate(使受孕)a group of mothers, 15 of 17 resulting babies turned out to be girls.

The researchers say that "sex selection" can also double a mother's chance of having a son and can be usedto avoid genetic diseases that affect only one gender, such as hemophilia(血友病). But some experts, like New York University fertility specialist Dr. Jamie Grifo, worry that sex selection could lead to a kind ofin uteri(子宫)discrimination, especially in cultures where sons are considered superior to daughters. "It's valuing one gender' over another," Grifo says. "I don't think that's something we should be doing." So far, patients at the institute have been asking for both boys and girls, in order to "balance" their families. And some ethics experts say that's fine, as long as parents are just looking for a little gender variety. "If you have three boys, and you want a girl," says University of Texas reproductive-law professor John Robertson, "that's not gender bias at all."

练习题：

Choose correct answers to the question:

DNA in the sperm cells can be measured ______.

the same way how the cattle are herded

they pass through a tube one behind the other

they pass through a laser tube

they are scanned by a laser detector all at a time

gender of the baby is decided by ______.

father's DNA

mother's DNA

father's sperm

mother's egg

to this passage, the practice of "sex selection" ______.

help to prevent all genetic problems

totally unacceptable to ethics experts

already realized five hundred years ago

benefit families with certain inheritable diseases

sperm was preferred to boy sperm in the research most probably because____

sperm contains more genetic material

mother want to have girl babies

sperm is healthier and more active

sperm is more easily purified

can be concluded from the passage that author’s toward”sex selection”is____

参考答案及解析

1.[B] 推理判断题。解答本题的关键在于推断single file的意思。该句把精子通过试管的情形与牛群被赶入牲口圈的情形作对比，结合single一词本身的意思，可以推断single file是“一个接一个”的意思，只有选项B能表达这个意思，由此也可否定选项D。选项A最具干扰性，原句是把精子通过试管的情形比作牛群被赶人牲口圈的情形，而选项A说的是测定精子内DNA的方法与放牧的方法相同，显然选项A只是引用了原文的某些词语，但表达的意思与原文却截然不同。

2.[C] 事实细节题。第1段第3句which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰的是the father's sperm，而不是插入语the mother’s egg,因此选项C正确。

3.[D] 推理判断题。第2段第1句中的genetic暗示有些疾病是遗传的，即如选项D所述。第2段第1句同时表明选项A的说法是不全面的。选项B与第2段最后两句正好相反。第1段前两句说明选项C是错误的。

4.[A] 事实细节题。第1段倒数第2句中的由which引导的定语从句表明选项A的叙述正确。

5.[C] 观点态度题。文章第2段中作者给出了一些反对者和赞成者的观点，但是没有加以评论，可以看出作者的态度是中立的，故选项C正确。

近10年英语四级阅读理解真题

2015年12月英语四级阅读解析：硅谷之所以为硅谷

2015年12月19日全国大学英语四级考试已结束，本次考试为多题多卷，以下是2015年12月英语四级阅读解析：

首先，我们通过文章可以了解到，该篇阅读的主要内容与之前四级考试所关注的阅读文章的`主题类似，也是关于科技话题的。在这篇文章中，作者主要阐释了硅谷之所以成为硅谷的不可替代和复制性。主要原因为：(1)rich people;(2)nerds。是这两个原因成就了硅谷。文章中，作者拿硅谷和迈阿密、康奈尔及波士顿进行了对比，总结得出：其他的三个城市之所以不能成为硅谷第二的原因。

接下来，我们就第一篇阅读的答案选项和各位同学一起分享下：

第56题，what do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage? 这道题目直接可以定位到文中的第一段中：Could you please reproduce Silicon Valley elsewhere， or is there something unique about it? 然后在下文中，作者又进一步的指出了硅谷不可代替性的原因。所以答案选项为：Its success is hard to copy anywhere else

第57题，what makes Miami unfit to produce a Silicon Valley? 这道题目可以定位到原文中的第五段，文中直接指出：it has few nerds。 It is not the kind of place nerds like。这样就可以直接选出：Lack of the right kind of talents。

第58题，In what way is Carnegie-Mellon different from Stanford， Berkeley and MIT? 根据题干信息，我们可以直接定位到文中的第六和七段：the weather is terrible， particular in winter， and there ‘s no interesting old city to make up for it， as there is in Boston。所以选项很明了：Its location is not as attractive to rich people

第59题，what does the author imply about Boston? 这道题的关键就在于the weather is terrible， particular in winter， and there ‘s no interesting old city to make up for it， as there is in Boston中的as一词，这里as 后引导的是 there is no interesting old city to make up for it in Boston。所以正确选项为：what does the is not likely to attract lots of investors and nerds

say about startup investors? 这道题在文中定位到最后一段：startup investors are a distinct 。。。。。。as well as money。这样该题正确选项为：They can do more than providing money

希望以上答案能够给各位考生提供参考帮助，且预祝各位考生考试成功。

Section BPassage One57. C) few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university推理题。“one-way street” 字面意思是“单行道”，含有只能从一个方向前进却很难往相反方向前进的意思，用了比喻用法。文章第二句就解释说明了这个“one-way street”在文中的含义。大学里的学者去商界创业的现象不算稀奇，但是反过来就不怎么常见。所以选择C选项。58. A) keeps someone from taking action推理题。“deterrent”有妨碍物的意思。在文中需要通过上下文来理解。单词前的意思是“薪水永远是最大的…因为很多人觉得到大学里工作就会减少工资，从而无法养家糊口。”从后面半句，我们可以推断出deterrent的意思，所以选A选项。59. B) Her research interests.细节题。答案在Para3Line3可以找到。“Her main reason for… to take advantage of the great freedom to choose research questions.”表明Helen Lee换行主要考虑到的是自己可以比较自由地选择研究领域，即个人的研究兴趣。所以选择B选项。60. D) exploit better intellectual opportunities细节题。本题比较简单，在Para3最后一句“felt it worthwhile for the great intellectual opportunities”就可以找到答案。61. A) Increase its graduates’ competitiveness in job market.推理题。本着一题对应一段的一般原则，我们应该在最后一段里找答案。“the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry in…“that will help students get a job when they graduate”段落主要是在讲industrial scientists到大学教学后的主要贡献。所以选择A项。Passage Two62. D) marriage contributes to a great deal of longevity解析：第一段提到“but the biggest longevity boost seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship.”紧接着就说到“The effect was first noted in 1958 by William Farr,…”。句中的boost和选项D中的contribute有相近的意思，故选择D。63. B) marriage can help make up for ill heath解析：Linda Waite举例子说到一个有心脏病的已婚男人可以比未婚但是健康的男人多活4年。因此，婚姻可以弥补身体不健康带来的不利因素，故选B。64. A) the disadvantages of being married解析：flip side的愿意是唱片的另一面，在这里前面已经分析过婚姻的好处，这里指的就是婚姻的反面，故选A。65. A) They have effects similar to those a marriage.解析：第二段最后一句…how all kinds of social networks have similar effects. 故选择A。66. B) To stay healthy, one should have a proper social network.解析：最后一段提到如果想生活的更长久到100岁，就要发展自己的社交网络，故选B。

Section BPassage One57. C) few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university58. A) keeps someone from taking action59. B) Her research interests60. D) exploit better intellectual opportunities61. A) Increase its graduates’ competitiveness in job market.参考答案（仔细阅读Section B第二篇）62.答案：D解析：第一段提到“but the biggest longevity boost seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship.”紧接着就说到“The effect was first noted in 1958 by William Farr,…”。句中的boost和选项D中的contribute有相近的意思，故选择D。63.答案：B解析：Linda Waite举例子说到一个有心脏病的已婚男人可以比未婚但是健康的男人多活4年。因此，婚姻可以弥补身体不健康带来的不利因素，故选B。64.答案：A解析：flip side的愿意是唱片的另一面，而在前面已经分析过婚姻的好处，这里指的就是婚姻的反面，故选A。65.答案：A解析：第二段最后一句提到…how all kinds of social networks have similar effects. 故选择A。66.答案：B解析：最后一段提到如果想生活的更长久到100岁，就要发展自己的社交网络，故选B。

大学英语阅读理解题及解答

下面是我给大家提供的大学四级的英语阅读理解题以及答案解析，有兴趣的朋友可以练习一下哦!

Merchant and passenger ships are generally required to have a life preserver for every person aboard and in many cases, a certain percentage of smaller sizes for children. According to United States requirements, life preservers must design, reversible capable of being quickly adjusted to fit the uninitiated individual, and must be so designed as to support the wearer in the water in an upright or slightly backward position.

Sufficient buoyancy(浮力) to support the wearer should be retained by the life preserver after 48 hours in the water, and it should be reliable even after long period of storage. Thus it should be made of materials resistant to sunlight, gasoline, and oils, and it should be not easily set on fire.?The position in which the life preserver will support a person who jumps or falls into the water is most important, as is its tendency to turn the wearer in the water from a face-down position to an upright or slightly backward position, with his face clear of the water, even when the wearer is exhausted or unconscious.

The method of adjustment to the body should be simple, and self-evident to uninitiated persons even in the dark under the confused conditions, which follow a disaster. Thus, the life be reversible that it is nearly impossible to get it on wrong. Catches, straps, and ties should be kept to a minimum. In addition, the life preserver must be adjustable to the wide variety of shapes and sizes of wearers, since this greatly affects the position of floating and the self-righting qualities. A suitable life also be comfortable to wear at all times, in and out of the water, not so heavy as to encourage to take it off on shipboard while the ship is in danger, nor so burdensome that it hinders a person in the water while trying to swim.

1. The passage is mainly about____.

A) the uses of life preservers

B) the design of life preservers

C) the materials for life preservers

D) the buoyancy of life preservers

2. According to the passage, a life be first of all ____.

A) adjustable B) comfortable C) self-evident D) self-righting

3. United States Coast Guard does NOT require the life preserver to be made ____.

A) with as few strings as possible

B) capable of being worn on both sides

C) according to each wearer's size

D) comfortable and light to wear

4. By “the uninitiated individual” (Para. 1, Line. 4) the author refers to the person ____.

A) who has not been instructed how to use a life preserver

B) who has a little experience in using a life preserver

C) who uses a life preserver without permission

D) who becomes nervous before a disaster

5. What would happen if a person were supported by the life preserver in a wrong position?

A) The waves would move him backwards.

B) The water would choke him.

C) He would immediately sink to the bottom.

D) He would be exhausted or unconscious.

The table before which we sit may be, as the scientist maintains, composed of dancing atoms, but it does not reveal itself to us as anything of the kind, and it is not with dancing atoms but a solid and motionless object that we live. So remote is this “real” table——and most of the other “realities” with which science deals——that it cannot be discussed in terms which have any human value, and though it may receive our purely intellectual credence it cannot be woven into the pattern of life as it is led, in contradistinction to life as we attempt it. Vibrations in the ether(以太) are so totally unlike the color, purple that the gulf between them cannot be bridged, and they are, to all intents and purposes，not one but two separate things of which the second and less “real” must be the most significant for us. And just as the sensation which has led us to attribute all objective reality to a non-existent thing which we called “purple”is more important for human life than the conception of vibrations of a certain frequency; so too the belief in God; however ill founded, has been more important in the life of man than the germ theory of true the latter may be.

We may, if we like, speak of consequence, as certain mystics love to do, of the different levels or orders of truth. We may adopt what is essentially a Platonistic (布拉图式的) trick of thought and insist upon postulating the existence of external realities which correspond to the needs and modes of human feeling and which, so we may insist, have their being in some part of the universe unreachable by science. But to do so is to make an unwarrantable assumption and to be guilty of the metaphysical fallacy of failing to distinguish between a truth of feeling and that other sort of truth which is described as “truth of correspondence” and it is better perhaps, at least for those of us who have grown up in thought, to steer clear of such confusions and to rest content with the admission that, though the universe with which science deals is the real universe, yet we do not and cannot have any but fleeting and imperfect contacts with it; that the most important part of our lives-our sensations, emotions, desires and aspirations-take place in a universe of illusions which science can attenuate or destroy, but which it is powerless to enrich.

1. The author suggests that in order to bridge the puzzling difference between scientific truth and the world of illusion, the reader should____.

A) try to rid himself of his world of illusion

B) accept his words as being one of illusion

C) apply the scientific method

D) learn to acknowledge both

2. Judging from the ideas and tone of the selection, one may reasonably guess that the author is ____.

A) a humanist B) a pantheist C) a nuclear physicist D) a doctor of medicine

3. According to this passage, a scientist would conceive of a “table” as being ____.

A) a solid motionless object

B) certain characteristic vibrations in “ether”

C) a form fixed in space and time

D) a mass of atoms in motion

4. The topic of this selection is____.

A) the distortion of reality by science

B) the confusion caused by emotions

C) Platonic and contemporary views of truth

D) the place of scientific truth in our lives

5. By “objective reality” (Last line, Para. 1) the author means____.

A) scientific reality

B) a symbolic existence

C) the viewer's experience

D) reality colored by emotion

第一篇：

1. B

文章主要讲述了救生衣的设计。间接题型段首主旨题。C项和D项都是对救生衣设计中设计材料的说明。A项为陷阱，指救生衣的用途，尽管开头提到，但范围不着边际。故只有B是正确选项。

2. D

根据文章，救生衣首先会自动扶正。事实细节题。本文第三段主要讨论救生衣落水位置，应设计的能“自动扶正”,或稍向后仰。B项是对材料的描述，范围太窄，而A和C不合题意，因此D是正确答案。

3. C

美国海岸巡逻队不需要救生衣根据穿戴者的尺寸生产。事实细节题。A项和B项都涉及method，其相关部分见最后一段第三句，A，B，D三项都是文章中提及的，C项与本题无关的'内容，因此应该选C。

4. A

“the uninitiated individual”作者指的是不知道怎么使用救生衣的人。语义指代题。根据文章最后一段第一句，我们可推出“the uninitiated individual”就是指的那些不知道怎么使用救生衣的人。故A是正确选项。

5. D

如果一个人没有正确使用救生衣，就会发生什么?细节辨别题。第三段第一句后半句中a face-down position和本题中的 in a wrong position相对应。因此选项D“他可能太累了或者是已经失去知觉”是正确答案。

第二篇：

1. B

作者暗示为了联系起科学世界和虚幻世界的不同点，把他的话当作一种假相。间接题型段尾结论题。根据第二段最后一句话，我们可推出B是正确答案。

2. A

由文章的观点及语气可推知作者是人文主义者。暗示推断题。文中第一段第一句后半句提到“...but a solid and motionless object that we live”由此我们可以推出该作者是一位人文主义者。

3. D

根据文章，科学家相信“table”就是一群运动的原子。直接题型语义指代题。根据第一段第一句的前半句“...but it does not reveal itself to us as anything of the kind, and it is not with dancing atoms ...”我们可推出D是正确答案。

4. D

文章的主题为生活中科学真理的地位。段首主旨题。从第二段最后一句后半句“...that the most important part of our lives-our sensations, emotions, desires and aspirations-takes place in a universe of illusions which science can attenuate or destroy, but which it is powerless to enrich.”我们可以推断出本文只要讲了科学真理在现实生活中的地位。因而答案应选D。

5. A

对于作者，“objective reality”意味着科学现实。语义指代题。根据文章最后一段，我们可得知“objective reality”即科学现实的意思，因而，答案应该选A。

英语近十年高考真题阅读理解

高考英语阅读理解及答案解析

阅读理解能力属于语言的领会技能。包括对书面语言的识别、理解、推理、判断和快速记忆等几个方面。下面是我给大家收集的高考英语的阅读理解真题以及答案解析，欢迎大家参考练习!

第一篇：

Think about the different ways that people use the can use it to fly a kite or to sail a is one of our cleanest and richest power sources (来源), as well as one of the shows that windmills (风车) began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power.

For many centuries, people used windmills to grind (磨碎) wheat into flour or pump water from deep electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to produce allowed them to have electric lights and , by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used.

During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last , wind was rediscovered, though it means higher , there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.

the text we know that windmills ________.

invented by European armies

a history of more than 2,800 years

to supply power to radio in remote areas

rarely been used since electricity was discovered

was a new use for wind power in the late 19th century?

a boat.

electricity.

wheat into flour.

water from underground.

of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that ________.

power is cleaner

is one of the oldest power sources

was cheaper to create energy from wind

supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs

would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?

advantages of wind power.

design of wind power plants.

worldwide movement to save energy.

global trend towards producing power from wind.

第二篇：

Winners Club

You choose to be a winner!

The Winners Club is a bank account specially designed for teenagers. It has heen made to help you better manage your money. The Winners Club is a transaction account (交易账户) where you receive a key-card so you can get to your money 24/7-that's 24 hours a day, 7 days a week!

It's a club with impressive features for teenagers：

●No account keeping fees!

You're no millionaire so we don't expect you to pay large fees. In fact, there are no account keeping or transaction fees!

●Excellent interest rates!

You want your money to grow. The Winners Club has a good rate of interest which gets even better if you make at least two deposits (储蓄) without taking them out in a month.

●Convenient

Teenagers are busy—we get that. You may never need to come to a bank at all. With the Winners Club you can choose to use handy tellers and to bank from home using the phone and the Internet ...You can have money directly deposited into your Winners Club account. This could be your pocket money or your pay from your part-time job!

●Mega magazine included

Along with your regular report, you will receive a FREE magazine full of good ideas to make even more of your money. There are also fantastic offers and competitions only for Winners Club members.

The Winners Club is a great choice for teenagers. And it is so easy to join. Simply fill in an application form. You will have to get permission from your parent or guardian (so we can organize that cool key-card) but it is easy. We can't wait to hear from you. It's the best way to choose to be a winner!

Winners Club is a bank account intended for________.

of the following is TRUE about the Winners Club?

gifts are ready for parents.

bank opens only on work days.

are convenient for its members.

are necessary for the account keeping.

Winners Club provides magazines which________.

spending

free to all teenagers

full of adventure stories

to make more of your money

you want to be a member of the Club, you must________.

an Internet user

permitted by your parent

a big sum of money

in your twenties

is the purpose of this text?

set up a club.

provide part-time jobs.

organize key-cards.

introduce a new banking service.

>>>>>>答案与解析<<<<<<

第一篇：

　细节理解题。根据第二段的“When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio.”可推出，C项符合题意。

　细节理解题。根据第二段的“When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity.”可知，B项符合题目要求。

　细节理解题。根据第三段的“people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity”可知，A项符合题意。

　推理判断题。第三段最后已提出现在全球已越来越多地使用风力发电，所以下一段应该要进一步推广使用风力发电，这是一种总体的能源发展趋势。故D项正确。

第二篇：

　细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“The Winners Club is a bank account specially designed for teenagers.”可知，“the Winners Club”是专门为青少年而开设的，所以答案为B项。

　细节理解题。第三部分主要介绍这项服务的方便之处，所以对于办理该业务的.青少年来说是非常便利和快捷的，答案为C项;A项未提到;根据文章前面的介绍可知，银行应该是全天24小时，每周7天营业，而非只是在工作日，所以B项排除;文章第一部分提到不收取账户管理费，所以D项错误。

　细节理解题。根据特色最后一点“Along with your regular report, you will receive a FREE magazine full of good ideas to make even more of your money.”可知，办理该业务的青少年除了可以收到定期报告外，还可以免费得到一份杂志，里面有很多好的建议或办法可以帮助他们赚取更多的钱，所以答案为D项;A项和C项未提到;B项错在这份杂志并不是对所有的青少年都是免费的，所以排除。

　细节理解题。根据最后一段“You will have to get permission from your parent...”可知，办理此项银行业务要得到父母的同意或许可，所以B项正确;该服务介绍第三点中提到办理业务有多种形式，其中包括使用网络，但不是必须的，所以A项错误;由第一点中“You're no millionaire so we don't expect you to pay large fees.”可知，办理此项银行业务的不一定都是有钱人，所以C项排除;D项要求办理业务者年龄在二十几岁，文中并未提到。

　推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要是介绍一项新的银行服务项目，所以答案D项正确。

高考英语阅读理解试题及答案分享

高考英语阅读文章使用的语言都较为正式，结构复杂的长句及省略和插入语等较复杂的`语言现象在文章中随处可见。影响了考生对文章内容的理解和判断。为了帮助大家备考高考英语，我整理了一些高考英语阅读理解，希望能帮到大家!

Why do we have in a camera a lens(镜头)instead of a simple hole?

The reason can be seen from the figures(图像).

In Figure 1, the hole is small. Rays of light from a point (P1)outside reach a very small part of the wall opposite, and we see there a small point. But when the hole is bigger, as in Figure 2, rays from the point(P2)can cover a larger part of the wall opposite, and we don’t see a clear point, Rays from other points(Q) outside can also fall on the same place inside. Therefore the picture is not clear when the hole is big and it is not bright when the hole is small because very very little light can pass through it.. We can get better result with a lens. If the lens is made in the shape shown in Figure 3, all the rays of light from the point(P3) are thrown on point(P’) inside. The picture which we see, therefore, is clear, and it is also bright because more light can pass through a lens than through a small hole.

1. In Figure 1 we see a faint small point on the wall because .

A. the point(P1) is very small B. the hole isn’t big enough

C. light rays don’t travel in straight lines D. light rays can’t pass through a small hole

2. Figure 2 shows that the bigger the hole is, .

A. the more light can pass through B. the clearer the picture will be

C. the better result we will get D. the faster the light rays travel

3. From figure 3, we can see a lens .

A. can form a clear picture B. can make light go in a straight line

C. can help light rays to go faster D. cannot give the picture more light than in Fig. 2

4. The main idea of the second paragraph of the article is that .

A. a smaller hole is better than a bigger one

B. big holes are better than small ones

C. both a big hole and a small one have their weak points

D. light rays are sure to pass through a hole no matter it is big or small

5. Which of the following statements is true?

A. Light can go through all kinds of materials

B. A camera can’t be made without a lens

C. The lens is only used in a camera

D. Most of the light we get is from the lens

Overhead bridges are found in many parts of Beijing, especially in places where traffic is very heavy and crossing the road is dangerous.

The purpose of these bridges is to enable pedestrians (行人) to cross roads safely. Overhead bridges are used to very much the same way as zebra crossings. They are more efficient (效率高的) although less convenient because people have to climb up a long flight of steps. This is inconvenient especially to older people. When pedestrains use an overhead bridge, they do not hold up traffic. However, when they cross a busy road using a zebra crossing, traffic is held up. This is why the government has built many overhead bridges to help pedestrians and to keep traffic moving at the same time.

The government of Beijing has spent a large amount of money on building these bridges. For their own safety, pedestrians should be encouraged to use them instead of risking (冒…危险) their lives by dashing across the road. Old people , however , may find it a little difficult climbing up and down the steps, but it is still much safer than walking across the road with all the danger of moving traffic.

Overhead bridges serve a very useful purpose. Pedestrians, both old and young, should make it a habit to use them. This will prevent unnecessary accidents and loss of life.

1. What is the advantage of overhead bridges mentioned in this passage?

A. Taller trucks can pass under them.

B. Pedestrians can climb up and have a view of the city.

C. They are safer for pedestrians and can keep traffic moving at the same time.

D. They are easier and more convenient for the pedestrians.

2. Why were overhead bridges built in Beijing?

A. Because they prevent traffic from being held up.

B. Because they provide an easy way for the drivers to cross the road.

C. Because they save money for the government.

D. Because they save time for the pedestrians.

高考英语阅读理解训练题及参考答案2017

高考英语阅读提的文章多选自原滋原味的英语文章，结构复杂的长句及省略和插入语等较复杂的语言现象在文章中随处可见。为了帮助大家备考，我分享了一些高考英语阅读理解，希望能对大家有所帮助!

Blondin was a very famous acrobat(杂技师) in the 19th century. He used to walk on a tight--rope across the Niagara Falls(瀑布). On September 8th, 1860, a crowd of about 300,000 people gathered at Niagara to watch Blondin carry a man across! Three men had offered to go with him, but they falled to appear, so Blondin asked his manager, Mr. Colcord, to climb on his back, Colcord agreed to go this so as not to disappoint the crowd, but he was terrified. The crossing was very difficult because Colcord was heavier than Blondin thought. After he had gone a short way, Blondin had to stop in order to rest. He asked Colcord to get down. At first Colcord refused, but at last he had to. He clung to (紧紧握住) Blondin’s leg and the rope in order not to fall, Blondin had to stop six times during the crossing so as to rest. Sometimes the rope swung(荡，摆动) as much as 40 feet! At last both men crossed safely. The crowd sighed with relief(松一口气) and so did poor Mr. Colcord.

1. How did Blondin walk across Niagara Falls on September 8th , 1860?

A. On a tight—rope with his manager on his back.

B. On a tight—rope by himself.

C. On a tight—rope with three men on his back.

D. On a tight—rope with one of his helpers on his back.

2. Why do you think the three men did not appear?

A. They couldn’t walk on tight-rope. B. They did not dare to take the risk.

C. They were ill. D. They had met with an accident.

3. Mr. Colcord agreed to act with Blondin because he .

A. was brave

B. was Blondin’s true friend

C. did not want to disappoint the 300,000 people

D. was Blondin’s manager

4. Blondin stopped six times during the crossing .

A. in order to help Colcord

B. in order to get his strength back

C. because Colcord clung to his leg and the rope

D. because Colcord was heavier than him

5. Blondin’s nationality was .

A. American B. Canadian

C. Englishman D. not mentioned in the passage

One day last November, Tom Baker stopped out of his house into the morning light and headed across the rice fields toward the bank of the Rapti River. Tom, a 32-year-old school teacher in the farming village of Madanpur, was going for his morning bath.

As he approached(走近) the river, the head of a tiger(老虎) suddenly appeared over the edge of the river bank. Before he could turn to run, the tiger was upon him. It jumped on his shoulder and threw him to the ground, its huge jaws attacked his head in a killing bite.

Peter Smith was also on his way to the river and saw the attack. He screamed. The tiger lifted its head and roared(吼叫) at him. Peter ran.

From the window of his house John Brown heard the tiger roar and ran out to see it attacking a man. He screamed, too, and all the villagers ran out shouting as the tiger dropped its victim(牺牲品) and ran off. When the villagers reached the river bank, Tom was already dead.

For the villagers, the horror of the incident intensified(加剧) by the tales of man-eating tigers that has once run around in the countryside, killing hundreds.

1. How many people saw the tiger before it was driven off?

A One person. B. Two persons. C. Three persons. D. Four persons.

2. What was the victim’s professional job?

A. A hunter. B. A teacher. C. A farmer. D. A manager.

3. The reason why the tiger attacked the man was .

A. it was hungry B. it was angry

C. it was frightened by the man D. not mentioned in the passage

4. When did the attack take place?

A. Early in the morning B. At noon

C. Late in the afternoon D. At five before dark

5. According to the passage, the underlined word screamed in the third paragraph

probably means ____.

A. gave a sharp cry because of fear. B. shouted out for help.

C. made some loud noise. D. cried out in pain.

I’m a Chinese student studying in Canada. I have been a boarder(寄宿生) with the Carsons for more than a year and a half.

The Carsons live in their own house, which has four bedrooms including the one in the basement(底层) which I live in. Judy does all the work in the house and Andrew is responsible for the work in the garden. When they go out in they evening, they often ask me to look after their children.

Judy’s parents, Mr. and Mrs. Morris, lived in another city. Judy was their only child and naturally they doted on(溺爱) Judy’s children. They often sent the children presents.

Last April Mr. Morris died. Now that Mrs. Morris was quite alone, I expected that Judy would want her to come and live with them. One day, Margaret told me grandma was coming to live with them and her daddy and mummy would want my room back. The news didn’t surprise me and the next day I went to Judy and asked her about it. I said I couldn’t think of living in their basement room any longer if it was needed for Mrs. Morris. Judy seemed surprised at first. Then she told me there was no deed for me to move, for they hadn’t yet come to any decision about her mother coming to live with them. “Naturally I’m worried about my mother. She has been in poor health.” She smiled sadly and added. “To be honest, Andrew and my mother have never got on well. We’ll wait a bit and see what happens. Perhaps Moter will be all right living herself, of perhaps they will both change their minds.”

That was six months ago. During this time I’ve heard that Mrs. Morris has had two illnesses and that her health has got worse. A nursing home was mentioned once but Mrs. Morris refused to go there. So up to now she’s still living alone and I’m still living in the basement room.

1. What is the relationship between the speaker and the Carsons?

A. He is a brother of Andrew Carson.

B. He is a close friend of the Carsons.

C. He is a student of Judy Carson.

D. He is a student who pays to live and have meals at the Carsons’ house.

2. Why did the speaker expect Mrs. Morris to come to live with her daughter?

A. Because Mr. Morris was dead.

B. Because Mrs. Morris suffered from illness.

C. Because Mrs. Morris lived all by herself.

D. Because of all the reasons mentioned in A, B and C.

3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Mrs. Morris was coming to live with the Carsons, so they asked the speaker to move.

B. Judy had no brothers or sisters to look after her mother.

C. Mrs. Morris loved her grandchildren very much.

D. The Carsons once suggested that Mrs. Morris go to live in a nursing home.

4. Why didn’t Mrs. Morris come to live with her daughter’s family?

A. Because the speaker lived in the basement room and there was no other room for her to live in.

B. Because she did not have a good relationship with her son-in-law.

C. Because she was in rather poor health and could not come.

D. Because she did not want to leave her own house.

5. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A. My Landlady. B. The Boarder.

C. Family Relationships is Canada. D. Nursing Homes and the Aged.

参考答案：

1A 2 B 3 C 4 B 5 D

1C 2 B 3 D 4 A 5 A

1D 2 D 3 A 4 B 5 C

2019年英语四级阅读理解真题

《【2019年四级英语】》百度网盘资源免费下载

链接:

2019年12月14日，大学英语四级笔试考试已经结束，各位考生对本次四级考试的做题感觉如何呢？文都四六级英语老师在考后及时为大家整理2019年12月大学英语四级真题长阅读(第一套)，希望大家都能够顺利通过本次四级考试。 Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. A South Korean city designed for the future takes on a life of its own A) Getting around a city is one thing — and then there’s the matter of getting from one city to another. One vision of the perfect city of the future: a place that offers easy access to air travel. In 2011, a University of North Carolina business professor named John Kasarda published a book called Aerotropolis: The Way We’ll Live Next. Kasarda says future cities should be built intentionally around or near airports. The idea, as he has put it, is to offer businesses “rapid, long-distance connectivity on a massive scale.” B) “The 18th century really was a waterborne (水运的) century, the 19th century a rail century. the 20th century a highway, car, truck century一and the 21st century will increasingly be an aviation century, as the globe becomes increasingly connected by air,” Kasarda says. Songdo, a city built from scratch in South Korea, is one of Kasarda’s prime examples. It has existed for just a few years.“ From the get-go, it was designed on the basis of connectivity and competitiveness,”says Kasada. “The government built the bridge directly from the airport to the Songdo International Business District. And the surface infrastructure was built in tandem with the new airport .” C) Songdo is a stone’s throw from South Korea’s Incheon Airport, its main international hub (枢纽). But it takes a lot more than a nearby airport to be a city of the future. Just building a place as an “international business district” doesn’t mean it will become one. Park Yeon Soo conceived (构想) this city of the future back in 1986. He considers Songdo his baby. “I am a visionary,” he says. Thirty years after he imagined the city, Park’s baby is close to 70 percent built, with people living in the business district and 90,000 residents in greater Songdo. It’s about an hour outside Seoul, built on reclaimed tidal flats along the Yellow Sea, There’s a Coast Guard building and a tall trade tower, as well as a park, golf course and university. D) Chances are you’ve actually seen this place. Songdo appears in the most famous music video ever to come ou of South Korea. “Gangnam Style” refers to the fashionable Gangnam district in Seoul. But some of the video was filmed in Songdo.“I don’t know if you remember, there was a scene in a subway station. That was not Gangnam. That was actually Songdo,” says Jung Won Son, a professor of urban development at London’s Bartlett School of Planning, “Part of the reason to shoot there is that it’s new and nice.” E) The city was supposed to be a hub for global companies, with employees from all over the world. But hat’s not how it has turned out. Songdo’s reputation is as a futuristic ghost town. But the reality is more complicated. A bridge with big, light-blue loops leads into the business district. In the center of the main road, there’s a long line of flags of the world. On the corner, there’s a Starbucks and a 7-Eleven--all of the international brands that you see all over the world nowadays. F) The city is not empty. There are mothers pushing strollers, old women with walkers -- even in the middle of the day. when it’s 90 degrees out. Byun Young-Jin chairs the Songdo real estate association and started selling property here when the first phase of the city opened in 2005. He says demand has boomed in the past couple of years. Most of his clients are Korean. In fact, the developer says, 99 percent of the homes here are sold to Koreans. Young families move here because the schools are great. And that’s the problem: Songdo has become a popular Korean city 一more popular as a residential area than a business one. It’s not yet the futuristic international business hub that planners imagined. “It’s a great place to live. And it’s becoming a great place to work,” says Scott Summers, the vice president of Gale International, the developer of the city. The floor-to-ceiling windows of his company’s offices overlook Songdo Central Park, with a canal full of kayaks and paddle boats. Shimmering (闪烁的)glass towers line the canal’s edge. G) “What’s happened is, because we focused on creating that quality of life first, which enabled the residents to live here, what has probably missed the mark is for companies to locate here,” he says. “There needs to be strong economic incentives.” The city is still unfinished, and it feels a bit like a theme park. It doesn’t feel all that futuristic. There’s a high-tech underground trash disposal system. Buildings are environmentally friendly. Everybody’s television set is connected to a system that streams personalized language or exercise classes. H) But Star Trek this is not. And to some of the residents, Songdo feels hollow. “I’m, like, in prison for weekdays. That’s what we call it in the workplace,” says a woman in her 20s. She doesn’t want to use her name for fear of being fired from her job. She goes back to Seoul every weekend. “I say I’m prison-breaking on Friday nights.” But she has to make the prison break in her own car. There’s no high-speed train connecting Songdo to Seoul, just over 20 miles away. I) The man who first imagined Songdo feels frustrated. too. Park says he built South Korea a luxury vehicle, “like Mercedes or BMW. It’s a good car now. But we’re waiting for a good driver to accelerate.” But there are lots of other good cars out there, too. The world is dotted with futuristic, high-tech cities trying to attract the biggest international companies J) Songdo’s backers contend that it’s still early, and business space is filling up—about 70 percent of finished offices are now occupied. Brent Ryan, who teaches urban design at MIT, says Songdo proves a universal principle. “There have been a lot of utopian (乌托邦的) cities in history. And the reason we don’t know about a lot of them is that a lot of them have vanished entirely.” In other words, when it comes to cities—or anything else—it is hard to predict the future. 36. Songdo’s popularity lies more in its quality of life than its business attraction. 37. The man who conceives Songdo feels disappointed because it has fallen short of his expectations. 38. A scene in a popular South Korean music video was shot in Songdo. 39. Songdo still lacks the financial stimulus for businesses to set up shop there. 40. Airplanes will increasingly become the chief means of transportation, according to a professor. 41. Songdo has ended up different from the city it was supposed to be. 42. Some of the people who work in Songdo complain about boredom in the workplace. 43. A business professor says that a future city should have easy access to international transportation. 44. Acording to an urban design professor, it is difficult for city designers to foresee what happen in the future. 45. Park Yeon So. Who envisioned Songdo, feels a parental connection with the city. 以上就是文都四六级英语老师为大家整理的2019年12月大学英语四级真题长阅读(第一套)，希望大家都能够顺利通过此次的四级考试！

2019年6月英语四级阅读真题Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

Most kids grow up learning they cannot draw on the walls. But it might be time to unlearn that training-this summer, a group of culture addicts, artists and community organizers are inviting New Yorkers to write all over the walls of an old house on Governor's Island.

The project is called Writing On It All, and it's a participatory writing project and artistic experiment that has happened on Governor's Island every summer since 2013.

"Most of the participants are people who are just walking by or are on the island for other reasons, or they just kind of happen to be there," Alexandra Chasin, artistic director of Writing On It All, tells Smithsonian, com.

The 2016 season runs through June 26 and features sessions facilitated by everyone from dancers to domestic workers. Each session has a theme, and participants are given a variety of materials and prompts and asked to cover surfaces with their thoughts and art. This year, the programs range from one that turns the house into a collaborative essay to one that explores the meaning of exile.

Governor's Island is a national historic landmark district long used for military purposes. Now known as "New York's shared space for art and play," the island, which lies between Manhattan and Brooklyn in Upper New York Bay, is closed to cars but open to summer tourists who flock for festivals, picnics, adventures, as well as these "legal graffiti (涂鸦)" sessions.

The notes and art scribbled (涂画)on the walls are an experiment in self-expression. So far, participants have ranged in age from 2 to 85. Though Chasin says the focus of the work is on the activity of writing, rather than the text that ends up getting written, some of the work that comes out of the sessions has stuck with her.

"One of the sessions that moved me the most was state violence on black women and black girls," says Chasin, explaining that in one room, people wrote down the names of those killed because of it. "People do beautiful work and leave beautiful messages."

46. What does the project Writing On It All invite people to do?

A) Unlearn their training in drawing.

B) Participate in a state graffiti show.

C) Cover the walls of an old house with graffiti.

D) Exhibit their artistic creations in an old house.

47. What do we learn about the participants in the project?

A) They are just culture addicts.

B) They are graffiti enthusiasts.

C) They are writers and artists.

D) They are mostly passers-by.

48. What did the project participants do during the 2016 season?

A) They were free to scribble on the walls whatever came to their mind.

B) They expressed their thoughts in graffiti on the theme of each session.

C) They learned the techniques of collaborative writing.

D) They were required to cooperate with other creators.

49. What kind of place is Governor's Island?

A) It is a historic site that attracts tourists and artists.

B) It is an area now accessible only to tourist vehicles.

C) It is a place in Upper New York Bay formerly used for exiles.

D) It is an open area for tourists to enjoy themselves year round.

50. What does Chasin say about the project?

A) It just focused on the sufferings of black females.

B) It helped expand the influence of graffiti art.

C) It has started the career of many creative artists.

D) It has created some meaningful artistic works.

2019年6月英语四级阅读真题Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

Online programs to fight depression are already commercially available. While they sound efficient and cost-saving, a recent study reports that they are not effective, primarily because depressed patients are not likely to engage with them or stick with them.

The study looked at computer-assisted cognitive (认知的)behavioral therapy (CBT) and found that it was no more effective in treating depression than the usual care patients receive from a primary care doctor.

Traditional CBT is considered an effective form of talk therapy for depression, helping people challenge negative thoughts and change the way they think in order to change their mood and behaviors. However, online CBT programs have been gaining popularity, with the attraction of providing low-cost help wherever someone has access to a computer.

A team of researchers from the University of York conducted a randomized (随机的)control trial with 691 depressed patients from 83 physician practices across England. The patients were split into three groups: one group received only usual care from a physician while the other two groups received usual care I from a physician plus one of two computerized CBT programs. Participants were balanced across the three groups for age, sex, educational background' severity and duration of depression, and use of antidepressants (抗抑郁药).

After four months, the patients using the computerized CBT programs had no improvement in depression levels over the patients who were only getting usual care from their doctors.

"It's an important, cautionary note that we shouldn't get too carried away with the idea that a computer system can replace doctors and therapists," says Christopher Dowrick, a professor of primary medical care at the University of Liverpool. "We do still need the human touch or the human interaction, particularly when people are depressed. "

Being depressed can mean feeling "lost in your own small' negative, dark world," Dowrick says. Having a person, instead of a computer, reach out to you is particularly important in combating that sense of isolation. "When you're emotionally vulnerable, you're even more in need of a caring human being," he says.

51. What does the recent study say about online CBT programs?

A) Patients may not be able to carry them through for effective cure.

B) Patients cannot engage with them without the use of a computer.

C) They can save patients trouble visiting physicians.

D) They have been well received by a lot of patients.

52. What has made online CBT programs increasingly popular?

A) Their effectiveness in combating depression.

B) The low efficiency of traditional talk therapy.

C) Their easy and inexpensive access by patients.

D) The recommendation by primary care doctors.

53. What is the major finding by researchers at the University of York?

A) Online CBT programs are no more effective than regular care from physicians.

B) The process of treating depression is often more complicated than anticipated.

C) The combination of traditional CBT and computerized CBT is most effective.

D) Depression is a mental condition which is to be treated with extreme caution.

54. What is Professor Dowrick's advice concerning online CBT programs?

A) They should not be neglected in primary care.

B) Their effectiveness should not be overestimated.

C) They should be used by strictly following instructions.

D) Their use should be encouraged by doctors and therapists.

55. What is more important to an emotionally vulnerable person?

A) A positive state of mind.

B) Appropriate medication.

C) Timely encouragement.

D) Human interaction.

答案：、、、、、、、、、

2019年6月英语四级阅读真题及答案小编就说到这里了，希望大家都能掌握各类题型的解题技巧。更多关于英语四级考试的备考技巧，备考干货，新闻资讯，分数线等内容，小编会持续更新。祝愿各位考生都能顺利通过考试。

四级考试中的阅读题那么多，也是我们最容易拿分的地方，我为你提供了2019年大学英语四级考试阅读理解试题，一起来看看吧，希望能帮助到你。

Congratulations, Mr. Jones, it's a girl."

Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and bring forth a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel pride when they receive the news, while others worry, wondering whether they will be good fathers. Although there are some men who like children and may have had considerable experiencewith them, others do not particularly care for children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time. For other couples, pregnancy wasan accident that both husband and wife have accepted willingly or unwillingly.

Whatever the reaction to the birth of a child, it is obvious that the shift from the role of husband to that of father is a difficult task. Yet, unfortunately, few attempts have been made to educate fathers in this reconciliation (协调) process. Although numerous books have been written about American mothers, only recently has literature focused on the role of fathers.

It is argued by some writers that the change to the father's role, although difficult, is not nearly as great as the change the wife must take to the mother's role. The mother's role seems to require a complete transformation in daily routine and highly innovative(创新的) adaptation. On the other hand, the father's role is less demanding and immediate. However, even though we mentioned the fact that growing numbers of women are working outside the home, the father is still thought by many as the breadwinner in the household.

练习题：

Choose correct answers to the question:

can we know about fatherhood from the passage?

brings a feeling of excitement to most man

make some man feel proud and others uneasy

has a different meaning for men who have daughters

means a responsibility that men accept unwillingly

does the passage say about the shift from the role of husband to that of father?

A. Numerous books have been written about it.

B. Not enough attention has been paid to it.

C. The shift is harder for men than for women.

D. The shift is a difficult but incomplete one.

can we know about mothers from the passage?

get more attention and recognition from society

are innovative and demanding according to some writers

generally stay at home to take care of the children

should help fathers in their reconciliation process

of the following will the author most probably disagree with?

A. It's as difficult to be a father as it is to be a mother.

B. More books should focus on the role of fathers.

C. The father is still the breadwinner in the household.

D. Fathers are as important to children as mothers.

author's purpose in writing this passage is to

A. explain why there are few books on the role of fathers.

B. praise mothers for their great contributions to the home.

C. criticize fathers for not taking enough responsibility in bringing up the children.

D. complain about the lack of social programs to help fathers in their role shift.

参考答案及解析

1.[B] 事实细节题。由第2段第2句中的pride和worry可以判断选项B是对该句的近义替换。选项A原文未提到。选项C曲解了原文第2段第1句的意思，该句中的“Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning”表示对于每个男人来说当上父亲具有不同的意义，而不是就琼斯先生而言。第2段最后一句表明只有部分人不情愿接受责任，因此在D选项men前面加上some才正确。

2.[B] 推理判断题。根据第3段最后两句可以推断选项B正确。选项A与第3段最后一句陈述的相反。最后一段第1句虽有提及向父亲角色的转变很困难,但并未像选项C那样对比。选项D错在incomplete一词,文中并未提及与该词相关的内容。

3.[A] 推理判断题。本题可用排除法。选项B曲解了最后一段第2、3句对母亲角色的描述。选项C与原文最后一句不符。选项D原文未提及。只有选项A概括了全文关于母亲的论述，而且第2段最后一句也暗示母亲受到的关注更多。

4.[C] 推理判断题。最后一句提到很多人仍然认为父亲应该负担家计,但从本句的用词如even though和still可以看出作者对这种看法并不认同，由此可以判断只有选项C作者可能不赞成。

5.[D] 主旨大意题。原文第1、2段讲到父亲们对将为人父的不同反应;第3段指出很少有人尝试帮助父亲完成角色的转换;最后一段是一些作家对此做出的不太符合事实的解释，因此，只有选项D能概括文章的写作目的。选项A只是文中第2段中的某个细节;选项B的重点是mother,与本文的论题不符;作者并无批评父亲之意，因此选项C不正确。

It’s very interesting to note where the debate about diversity(多样化) is taking place. It is taking place primarily in political circles. Here at the College Fund, we have a lot of contact with top corporate(公司的) leaders; none of them is talking about getting rid of those instruments that produce diversity. In fact, they say that if their companies are to compete in the global village and in the global market place,diversity. In fact, they say that if their companies are to compete in the global village and in the global market place, diversity is an imperative. They also say that the need for talented, skilled Americans means we have to expand the pool of potential employees. And in looking at where birth rates are growing andat where the population is shifting, corporate America understands that expanding the pool means promotingpolicies that help provide skills to more minorities, more women and more immigrants. Corporate leaders know that if that does not occur in our society, they will not have the engineers, the scientists, the lawyers, or the business managers they will need.

Likewise, I don’t hear people in the academy saying.”Let’s go backward. Let’s go back to the good old days, when we had a meritocracy(不拘一格选人才)” (which was never true-we never had a meritocracy, although we’ve come closer to it in the last 30 years.) I recently visited a great little college in New York where the campus has doubled its minority population in the last six years. I talked with an African American who has been a professor there for a long time, and she remembers that when she first joined the community, there were fewer than a handful of minorities on campus. Now, all of us feel the university is betterbecause corporate board rooms or on college campuses.

练习题：

Choose correct answers to the question:

word”imperative”(Line5,) most probably refers to something _____

of the following groups of people still differ in their views on diversity?

A. Minorities.

B. Politicians.

C. Professors.

D. Managers.

corporate leaders seem to be in favor of promoting diversity so as to ______

A. lower the rate of unemployment

B. win equal political rights for minorities

C. be competitive in the world market

D. satisfy the demands of a growing population

can be inferred from the passage that _____

A. meritocracy can never be realized without diversity

B. American political circles will not accept diversity

C. it is unlikely that diversity will occur in the . Media

D. minorities can only enter the fields were no debate is heard about diversity

to the passage diversity can be achieved in American society by ____

A. expanding the pool of potential employees

B. promoting policies that provide skills to employees

C. training more engineers, scientists lawyers and business managers

D. providing education for all regardless of race or sex

参考答案及解析

1.[D] 词义理解题。本句说到公司要在地球村和全球市场上竞争，多样性是imperative，由前文“没有取消引起多样性的手段”和下文提到的公司对各种各样有技能的美国人的需求可知，多样性对于企业来说应该“必需的”故D正确。

2.[B] 事实细节题。第2段末句指出这种辩论主要存在于政治圈和媒体中，结合上句内容，可知其中的this debate指的就是关于多样性的辩论，故B正确。

3.[C] 事实细节题。由第1段第4句可知，公司高层领导人促进多样化的原因是想要在全球市场上更具竞争力，C与此相符。

4.[A] 推理判断题。第2段中提到有些人认为在没有多样性的过去照样能做到不拘—格选人才，但作者马上which was never true否定此观点，故A正确。第2段只提到多样性的辩论存在于政治圈和媒体，但并不代表在这两个圈子里不能接受或从未出现多样性，故排除B、C;D说法过于绝对,且在文中找不到依据，也可排除。

5.[D] 推理判断埋。由第1段倒数第2句可知企业expand the pool就意味着向more minorities，more women 和 more immigrants提供技能培训，而expand the pool对应的就是题干中的说的多样性的形成，D中的race 和sex分别对文中minorities和women，故正确。A泛泛而谈，没有说到点子上，不如D具体、准确;B与多样性没有关系，C是利用文中的有关职业的词拼凑而成的干扰项。

2017年英语四级阅读理解真题

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2017年12月大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（2）

A subject which seems to have been insufficiently studied by doctors and psychologists is the influence ofgeography and climate on the psychological and physical health of seems no doubt that the general character of the landscape, the relative length of day and night, and the climate must all play a big part in determining what kind of people we are.

It is true that a few studies have been made. Where all the inhabitants of a particular area enjoy exceptionally good or bad health, scientists have identified .contributory factors such as the presence or absence of substances like iodine, fluoride, calcium, or iron in the water supply, or perhaps types of land thatprovide breeding places for pests like mosquitoes or rats.

Moreover, we can all generalize about types of people we have met. Those living in countries .with long dark winters are apt to be less talkative and less vivacious than inhabitants of countries where the climateis more equable(稳定的). And where the olive and the orange grow, there the inhabitants are cheerful, talkative, and spontaneous.

But these commonplace generalizations are inadequate: the influence: of climate and geography should be studied in depth. Do all mountain dwellers live to a ripe old age? Does the drinking of wine, rather than beer, result in a sunny and open temperament? Is the strength and height of one of the Kenyan tribes due to their habitual drinking of the blood of cows?

We are not yet sure of the answers to such .questions, but let us hope that something of benefit to mankind may eventually result from such studies.

练习题：

Choose correct answers to the question:

author's purpose of writing this passage is to______.

readers to the scarcity of natural resources

for more research on the influence of geographical environment

different elements in character cultivation

more attention to the health condition of mankind

can be inferred that proper amounts of iodine, fluoride and calcium can_____.

people’s physical health

B. influence the quality of water supply

provide breeding places for pests.

D. strengthen a person's character

does the author evaluate the generalizations of people's types in Para. 3?

generalizations help us judge the different characters of people we meet

generalizations are not inclusive enough to draw a convincing conclusion.

generalizations prove that nature plays an important role in determining social habits.

generalizations show that there are mainly two different types of people on the planet.

to the passage, research into the influence of climate and geography should ____.

A. focus on unknown aspects

B. be pursued on a larger scale

C. be carried out among remote tribes

D. go ahead in depth

do we know about the generalizations of people’s type?

who like drinking wine tend to be optimistic.

who live in mountain areas tend to have a long life.

who live in areas with stable climate tend to be talkative and lively.

who like drinking cow blood tend to be strong and tall.

答案：

英语阅读是英语四级考试中的重要考察能力之一，只有做好阅读部分的题目才能提高四级考试的成绩。下面我为大家带来大学四级考试阅读训练题，供考生备考练习。　　大学四级考试阅读训练题***一*** 　　According to the dictionary definition of “create”, ordinary people are creative every day. To create means “to bring into being, to cause to exist”—something each of us does daily. 　　We are creative whenever we look at or think about something in a new way. First this involves an awareness of our surroundings. It means using all of our sese to bee aware of our world. This may be as simple as being aware of color and texture, as well as taste, when we plan a meal. Above all, it is the ability to notice things that others might miss. 　　A second part of creativity is an ability to see relationships among things. I f we believe the expression, “There is nothing new under the sun,” the creativ ity is remaking or rebining the old in new ways. For example, we might do this by finding a more effective way to study or a better way to arrange our furniture, or we might make a new bination of camera lenses and filters to cr eate an unusual photograph. 　　A third part of creativity is the courage and drive to make use of our new ide as, to apply them to achieve some new results. To think up a new concept is one thing; to put the idea to work is another. 　　These three parts of creativity are involved in all the great works of genius, but they are also involved in many of our day to day activities. 　　 of the following activities is NOT a creative one according to t he passage? 　　 prepare a meal. 　　 arrange the furniture in a peculiar way. 　　 buy some books from a bookstore. 　　 “write” a letter with the puter. 　　 author holds that ____. 　　 is of highly demand 　　 is connected with a deep insight to some extent 　　 is to create something new and concrete 　　 practise and practise is the only way to cultivate one’s creativity 　　28.“There is nothing new under the sun.” ****** really implies that ____. 　　 can seldom create new things new thing is only a tale 　　 new thing can only be created at the basis of original things can scarcely see really new things in the world 　　 does the author think about the relationship between a new though t and its being put into practice? 　　’s more difficult to create a new thought than to apply it in practice. 　　 find a new thought will definitely lead to the production of a new thing. 　　 may e up with a new thought, but can not put it into practice. 　　 man with an excellent ability of practice can easily bee an inventor. 　　 best title for this passage is ____. 　　 to Cultivate One’s Creativity is Creativity 　　 Importance of Creativity —a Not Farway Thing 　　大学四级考试阅读训练题答案　　26.答案C。本题可用排除法。根据第一段可知创造力的含义是“使事物产生”，“致使事物存在”。而它三个方面的表现可参考“短文大意”，据此，C为正确答案。　　27.答案B。此题的解答需要在理解文章大意及细节基础上进行。选项B意为“创造力在一定程度上取决于非凡的洞察力。”根据最后一段，可知这是一种“天赋”，故正确。这样就可确定B为正确答案。　　28.答案C。此题可在正确理解句子含义的基础上采取“排除法”来解答。根据上下文可以得知：此句的真正含义是“任何新事物的产生都是建立在原有事物基础之上的”。据此，A项认为“我们很少能创造新事物”，显然只是句子的字面意思，不正确。B项“创造新事物是一个神话”，也为字面理解。再看C项“只有在原有事物基础之上才能创造新事物”，这不正是我们分析得出的结论吗?而D项“我们几乎不可能看到新事物”，更是差之甚远。这样就可确定C项为正确答案无疑。　　29.答案C。先找有关细节。此问题涉及到对文章第三段最后一句的理解。作者认为“获得新思想并不意味着就能够将其付诸实践，暗含“知易行难”的意义。这样，我们就可对选项进行分析选弃了。这样就可确定C 为正确答案无疑。　　30.答案B。首先快速通读全文***注意主题句***，可知文章主要谈论的是“创造力的含义及其三个方面的表现”，整篇文章都是围绕创造力展开的。现在来分析选项。这样就可确定，B项为正确答案。　　大学四级考试阅读训练题***二*** 　　When I was studying at Yale, some phenomena puzzled me greatly. I found that Chinese students or Asian students were very polite in class while American students often interrupted the professor, asking questions and dominating the discussion. The Chinese students were not as aggressive as American students. 　　I was impressed by the role of the professor in the seminar***讨论会***. The professor didn’t act as an authority, giving final conclusions, but as a reseac her looking for answers to questions together with the students. One lingui stic***语言的*** feature of his interacting with his students was that he used many modal***情态的*** verbs—far more than I did in Beiwai. When answering questions, he usually said, “This is my personal opinion and it could be wrong.” or “You could be right, but you might find this point of view also interesting.” 　　In China, authorities are always supposed to give wise decisions and correct di rections. Therefore, students always expect the professor to give an answer to th e question. I still remember how frustrated they were when foreign teachers did not provide such an answer. Their expectations from authorities are much higher than that of American students. Once the Chinese students got the answer, they w ere sure about it. 　　Education in China is valued for united thinking. I remember American teachers who taught in our university plaining about the fact that Chinese students u niformly expressed the same idea in their English position. The examinations in America usually do not test a student’s ability to memorize the material but his ability to *** yze and solve problems. Education in America is valued not on ly as a means to obtain employment but as a process of enhancing critical thinking. 　　 the USA, when the students are in class, ____. 　　 Chinese student tends to be very active American student likes to make trouble 　　 Chinese student likes to puzzle the teacher American student tends to be vigorous 　　 teacher in the USA prefers to ____ when he answers questions. 　　 very sincere very direct 　　 very self confident very indifferent 　　 is the opinion of the author concerning the difference of teachin g methods between China and the USA? 　　 thinks that Chinese teaching metods can make students learn more. 　　 holds that the major purpose of Chinese teaching methods is to impro ve students’ remembrance. 　　 thinks that American teaching is ability oriented. 　　 holds that American teachers hate to give a test. 　　 author thinks that the relationship between the student and the te acher is ____. 　　 intimate in China in China in USA harmonious in USA 　　 education in USA may produce some ____ graduates. 　　　　大学四级考试阅读训练题答案　　31.答案D。在文章中找到有关的细节为解此题的关键。从文章第一段的最后两句可得知“中国留学生在课堂上表现很有礼貌和节制，而美国学生则非常主动和活跃。”据此看D项 “美国学生经常表现得非常活跃”，正是我们与作者得出的结论，所以是选项无疑。解答此题也给了我们一个启示：某些干扰项迷惑性很大，不能一眼识别，所以在选择时可能需要进行反复比较思考，方能断定其正确与否。　　32.答案A。文章第二段是解答问题的关键。此段主要谈论 “美国教授在上课时扮演的是与学生平等的角色”，并介绍了“这种情况的种种表现”。现在，我们来看选项。A项“ 非常诚恳”，符合事实，先标出，看有没有更合适的。B项“非常直接”，显然不对，即使美国老师语气委婉，也只是“不直接”。C项意为“非常自信”，文章没有提到这一点，也不能选。再看D项“非常冷淡”，更是荒谬。这样也就只能选A。　　33.答案C。解答此类题目，首先也必须象解答“有关文章主要内容题目”一样，首先应掌握全文的主旨和大意，据此才能在理解作者观点时，不致管中窥豹，以致偏颇。迅速通读全文，可知作者意在抨击中国教育方式的弊端。这样，作者的观点也就昭然若揭了。现在看选项。C项“美国教育重在培养学生能力”。作者在对中国教育抨击的同时，也对美国教育的某些做法表示赞成，而这一点正是作者对美国教育考查后得出的结论之一，所以正确。　　34.答案D。推理***断***题属于要求较高的题型。它要求学生不仅能正确理解文章***或某些细节***，也要能据此进一步推测其中暗含的意思。D项说“美国师生之间关系和谐”，正合作者的看法，所以只能选D。　　35.答案C。此题的问题太宽泛，只能根据选项，结合文章，进行取舍。C项是“具有创造力的”，美国平等式的、自由、宽松的教育方式，鼓励学生培养独立分析、解决问题的能力，这样培养出来的学生势必多具有“创造力”，符合事实。所以选项为C。

2017年四级英语第一个选词填空简单。因为第一个选词填空的英语专业的语言词汇量的扩充、语言语法的运用、写作能力和口语表达能力是比较基础的。

关于2017年四级英语哪个选词填空比较简单？我的看法是，选词填空比较简单的就是近义词词汇，他是比较最简单的，只要考生掌握基本的变形以及如何区分它们之间的动词和名词等等

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