初中英语知识清单电子版
对于英语的学习没有学习方法很难学好,为了帮助同学们更好的学习英语,以下是我分享给大家的初中七年级英语知识点,希望可以帮到你! 初中七年级英语知识点 Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from? 一、词组 be from= come form 来自... pen pal=pen friend 笔友 l ike and dislike 好恶;爱憎。 live in +地点 在...居住 speak +语言 讲某种语言 play sports 做体育运动 a little French 一些法语 go to the movies 去看电影 write to sb 给某人写信 an action movie 一部动作片 on weekends 在周末 tell sb about sth 告诉某人某事 Excuse me 对不起,打扰 get to 到达、抵达。 二、句型 1、Where+be+主语+from? 主语+be+from+地点. 2、Where do/does+主语+live? 主语+live/lives in… 3、What language do/does +主语+speak? 主语+speak/speaks…. 4、主语+like/likes+doing/to do… 5. What is your favorite subject/sport? My favorite subject/sport is… that your new pen pal? -Yes, it is. Unit 2 Where’s the post office 一、词组 post office 邮局 pay phone 投币式公用电话 next to 在...隔壁 across from 在...对面 in front of 在...前面 between…and… 在...和...之间 on a street 在街上 in the neighborhood 在附近 on the right/left 在右边/在左边 behind…在…后面 near…在…附近 go straight 一直走 enjoy+名词/doing喜欢做某事 have fun 过得愉快 turn right/left 向右/左转 take a walk 散步 have fun 玩得开心 the way to …去...的路 take a taxi 打的/乘出租车 go down(along)…沿着...走 go through...穿过.. have a good trip 旅途愉快 arrive at(小地方) /in(大地方)到达 at the beginning of 在...开始的时候 at the end of 在...结束的时候 二、日常交际用语 1、Is there a bank near here? Yes, there is .It’s on Centre Street. /No, there isn’t. 2、Where’s the supermarket? It’s next to the library. 3、Bridge Street is a good place to have fun. 4、I hope you have a good trip. you are hungry,you can buy food in the restaurant. 6、Talk a walk though the park.. 7. I know you are arriving next Sunday. 我知道你下周日要来。 三、句型 1、Is there a ….? -Excuse there a hotel in the neighborhood. -Yes, there is. isn’t 2、Where is …? -Where is the park,please? -It’s behind the bank.(肯定回答) -I’m sorry I don’t know. (否定回答) 3、Which is the way to +地点? - Which is the way to the library. 4、How can I get to +地点? -How can I get to the restaurant? 5、Can you tell me the way to +地点? - Can you tell me the way to the post office? 6、Let me tell you the way to my house. 7、Just go straight and turn left. Unit 3 Why do you like koalas? 一、词组 want to do sth .想要做某事 want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 want sth 想要某物 Let sb do sth 让某人做某事 kind of 有几分\种类 a kind of 一种… …years old …年龄 like to do sth 喜欢做某事 like doing sth play with … 与...一起玩 during the day 在白天 at night 在夜间 have a look at.. 看... one…the other 一个...另一个... 二、句型与日常交际用语 1、-why do you like pandas?/ -Why dose he like koalas? -Because they’re very cure. 2. Why do you want to see the lions? Because they’re … 3、-Where are lions from? -Lions are from South Africa. 4、-What (other) animals do you like? -I like elephants. other+ 名词的复数.表示没有特定的数量范围 the other+名词的复数表示有特定的数量范围. you like giraffes? -Yes, I do. / No, I don’t Unit 4 I want to be an actor. 一、词组 want to be+a/an+职业 想要成为… shop assistant店员 work with 与…一起工作 help sb (to) do sth/sb with sth 帮助某人做某事 work hard 努力工作 work for 为…而工作 work as 作为…而工作 get.. from…从..获得… give / 把某物给某人 in the day 在白天 at night 在夜间 talk to /with 与…讲话 go out to dinners 外出吃饭 in a hospital 在医院 newspaper reporter报社记者 movie actor 电影演员 二、句型 do/does+某人+do? -What do you do?-I’m a student./-What dose he do? He’s a teacher. do/does+某人+want to be? What do you want to be?-I want to be a teacher. does your sister work? -She works in a hospital. he work in the hospital? Yes, he does/No, he doesn’t she work late? -Yes, she does/No, she doesn’t 英语中询问职业的几种表达方式: What do/does …do?/What is…? What is your father’s job? /What’s one’s job? 学好七年级英语的建议 1、不要太重视语法 英语是一门语言,我们学习英语的目的是把它当作成一种语言的交流工具,而不是去死扣语法,那样的话,会让我们的英语学习进入一个误区。 2、背诵英语教材上的文章 大多数学生都不太重视英语课本上的文章,其实,大家可以想想能上教材的文章都是很好的文章,我们要多去背课文,培养自己的语感。 3、时间计划 很多孩子都会反应这个问题,说学习英语没有时间,那么我们为什么不把自己的零碎时间给利用进去呢?我们可以尝试给自己定一个计划,比如说,我们可以利用课间的十分钟去背5个单词,或者去复习昨天所学习的。 4、英文歌曲和电影 这里向大家推荐英文歌曲和电影的目的就是让大家学习,看外国人是怎么发音的,培养自己的语感。大家可以坚持一段时间,我们会发现,我们的口语水平和听力都会有很大的提高。 5、敢于去说 我们要弄清楚一个目的,我们学习英语的目的是去交流的,而不是简单的考试,我们要勇敢的去说出来,不要怕自己的发音不标准之类的,课下多喝老师和同学进行英文的对话。锻炼自己的表达能力。 6、坚持很重要 英语的学习不是一朝一夕就能完成的,英语的学习是一个积累的过程,我们要把自己的知识慢慢积累起来,达到一定的程度,就会发现自己的英语水平有了一个质的提高 学好七年级英语的方法 培养自身对英语的兴趣 兴趣往往是学习的良师益友。如果对英语学习毫无兴趣,那么是学不好的,如果迫切想要提高英语水平,一定要试着培养对英语学习的兴趣才能达到事半功倍的效果! 上职业学校学习英语 现在社会上有很多职业培训机构,特别是针对商务英语,商务口语这块的,速成班真不会少,绝大多数都请了外教。因此可以说是学习英语最快的方法。代价就是你要花钱,而且想学好收费不会低。 自己猛背单词 为什么世界上公认汉语比英语难学?这是因为汉语的语法比较难的关系!也许上学的时候我们也要学习英语语法,但比汉语简单多了,英语的学习主要还是词汇量。会背单词就ok。单词多了能让外国人听懂就成,很多非英语国家的老外语法也就那个样! 经常看英文电视剧 一些有英文字幕的电视剧是可以帮助提高英语水平的。但要注意一点,就是老外 电视剧字幕都是非常快的,语法也不严谨。因此把看美剧作为提高英语水平的主要方法是不切实的,锻炼听力还可以! 多和老外交流 怎么学英语最快?学习英语最快的方法!多和老外交流是提升英语水平的最快方法!每次和老外交流了等于就是一次实地演练。在一些大城市老外还是很常见的,如果你有个兴趣可以去给他们当旅游向导。 做到联想学习 英语学习最怕死板了,如果不会举一反三是学不好英语的。有的人只会背单词,那么从头到脚只能背单词了,他学习英语就不快。举一反三的能力要注意培养,这样才能成为英语达人。 坚持下去 最后又是老生常谈了,就是要坚持,学习语言肯定要坚持的,无论是英语还是法语德语日语西班牙语。除了坚持就是要开口说,不要“闷声发大财”。口语比书面语言重要,不要被中国的应试教育欺! 猜你喜欢: 1. 人教版七年级英语知识点 2. 七年级英语上册知识点归纳 3. 初一英语上册语法知识点大全 4. 初一上册英语知识点归纳 5. 七年级英语上册知识点汇总
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开课啦-互联网名师辅导,建议: 要学好英语,首先,要学会看音标读单词,先把元辅音自己学起来,学会拼,这样才能自学单词,会读单词了,才能够背单词,有了词的足够积累,英语水平才能够提高上来。如果你不会看音标读单词
高中英语知识清单电子版
英语是使用最广泛的语言,所以学好英语对我们来说是非常重要的。下面是我为大家整理的人教版高一英语必修一知识点,希望能对大家有所帮助。
以下是我整理的人教版高一英语必修一知识点重点难点汇总,具体内容如下。
一、重点短语
through 经历,经受get through 通过;完成;接通电话
2. set down 记下,放下
3. a series of 一系列
4 on purpose 有目的的
5. in order to 为了
6. at dusk 傍晚,黄昏时刻
7. face to face 面对面(这是人教版高一英语必修一常出现的短语)
8. fall in love 爱上
9. join in 参加(某个活动);take part in 参加(活动)join 加入(组织,团队,并成为其中一员)
10. calm down 冷静下来
11. suffer from 遭受
12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦
13. be concerned about 关心
14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽(这是人教版高一英语必修一重点短语)
15. be good at/do well in 擅长于…
16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是…
人教版高一英语必修一重点词组:
人教版高一英语必修一有哪些重要的词组呢?下面是我整理的,供参考:
1. fond of “喜爱,爱好” 接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。例如:
He’s fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。
Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗?
He is fond of his research work. 他喜爱他的研究工作。
2. hunt for = look for寻找(人教版高一英语必修一重点词组)
I have found the book I was hunting for.我找到了那本我在找的书。
hunt for a job 找工作
3. in order to, so as to 这两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语, in order to可放于句首, so as to则不能, 其否定形式为in order not to / so as not to. 如:
He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting.
In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.为了让我们注意他, 他朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手。
4. care about(人教版高一英语必修一必考词组)
1) 喜欢,对……有兴趣 = care for
She doesn’t care about money.她不喜欢钱。
2)关心 = care for
She thinks only of herself. She doesn’t care about other people.
她只考虑自己。她不关心别人。
3)在乎,在意(接从句或不接任何成分)
These young people care nothing about what old people might say.
这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话。
代词
一.概念: 代词是代替名词的词, 按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。
二.相关知识点精讲
1.人称代词1)人称代词的人称、数和格,如下表所示。 2)人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语,宾格作宾语。如:
I like table tennis. (作主语)Do you know him?(作宾语)
3)人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如---Whos is knocking at the door?---It’s me.
4)人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。如:He is older than me. He is older than I am.
2. 物主代词1)表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,如下表所示。
2)形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词,可在句中作定语。例如: Our teacher is coming to see is her pencil-box.
3)名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词,在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。 Our school is here, and theirs is there.(作主语)
--- Is this English-book yours? (作表语) --- No. Mine is in my bag. I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? (作宾语)
3. 指示代词 指示代词包括:this,that,these,those。
1) this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人,that和those
则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人,例如:This is a pen and that is a pencil. We are busy these those days the workers had a hard time.
2)有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物,this 和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物,例如: I had a cold. That's why I didn't come.
What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English.
3)有时为了避免重复提到的名词,常可用that或those代替,例如:Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai.
一、一般将来时
1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
2.时间状语:Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
3.基本结构:主语+am/is/are +going to + do+其它;主语+will/shall + do+其它
4.否定形式:主语+am/is/are not going to do ;主语+will/shall not do+其它
5.一般疑问句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。
6.例句:They are going to have a competition with us in studies.他们将有一场比赛和我们一起研究。
It is going to rain.天要下雨了。
二、 一般过去将来时
1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
2.时间状语:The next day (morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
3.基本结构:主语
+was/were +going to + do+其它;主语+would/should + do+其它
4.否定形式:主语+was/were+not + going to + do; 主语+would/should + not + do.
5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。
6.例句:He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他说他第二天要去北京。
I asked who was going there.我问,谁要去那里。
名词复数的不规则变化
1)child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women 注意:与 man 和 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。
如: an Englishman,two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans。
2) 单复同形 如:
deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin
但除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:
a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters
3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。
如: people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说a person,a policeman,a head of cattle,the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用。 如: The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
4)以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:
a. maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。
b. news 是不可数名词。
c. the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。
The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。
d. 以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。
"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book.<<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。
5) 表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes
很多同学在复习高一英语必修一时,因为之前没有做过系统的总结,导致复习时整体效率不高。下面是由我为大家整理的“高中英语必修一知识总结归纳”,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读本文。
高一英语必修1知识点:Unit 1 Friendship
1. be good to 对……友好 be good for 对……有益;be bad to…/be bad for…
2. add up 加起来 增加
add up to 合计,总计
add… to 把……加到……
3. not…until/till 意思是“直到…才”
4. get sth/sb done 使……完成/使某人被……
5. calm down平静下来
6. be concerned about 关心 关注
7. 当while, when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时,可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。
While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose.
8. cheat in the exam 考试作弊
9. go through 经历;度过;获准,通过
10. hide away 躲藏;隐藏
11. set down 写下,记下
12. I wonder if….. 我不知道是不是….
12. on purpose 故意
13. sth happen to sb 某人发生某事
sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事
it so happened that ……正巧 碰巧
14. It is the first (second…) that… (从句谓语动词用现在完成时)
15. in one’s power 处于……的控制之中
16. It’s no pleasure doing…. 做…..没有乐趣
It’s no good/ use doing sth. 做某事是没好处/没用的
17. She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place. it做形式宾语
18. suffer from 患…病;遭受
19. so…that… /such…thay…
20. get tired of…. 对…感到劳累 疲惫
21. have some trouble with sb/sth. 在……上遇到了麻烦
22. get along with sb/sth. 与某人相处
23. ask(sb)for advice. (向某人)征求建议
24. make 后接复合宾语,宾语补足语须用不带to 的不定式、形容词、过去分词、名词等。常见的有以下几种形式:
make sb. do sth.让 (使)某人做某事
make sb. /sth. +adj. 使某人/物…
make sb./ oneself +v-ed 让某人/自己被…
When you speak, you should make yourself understood.
make sb.+n. 使某人成为…
25. alone /lonely. 单独的/孤独的
26. I would be grateful if… 委婉客气提出请求
27. Why not do….. = why don’t you do…
高一英语必修1知识点:Unit 2 English around the world
1. because of 因为…… (注意和because 的区别)
2. even if (= even thoug)即使,用来引导让步状语从句
3. come up 走上前来,走近,发生,出现 come up with 追上,赶上,提出
4. communicate with sb 和某人交流
5. be different from… 与……不同
be different in … 在……方面不同
Most of my projects are different in performance.
我多数作品的演奏风格都不同。
6. be based on 以……为基础
7. at present 目前,眼下 for the present眼前;暂时
8. make (good/better/full)use of
9. the latter后者 the former 前者
10. a large number of 大量的 the number of …的数量
11. such as 例如
12. hold on 坚持住,握住不放;(打电话时)等―会
13. … you will hear the difference in the way(that/ in which) people speak.
你会听出人们在说话时的差异。
14. play a role/ part (in) 在…中担任角色;在…中起作用;扮演一个角色
15. the same …as… 与……一样
16. at the top of…在…顶上
at the bottom of 在……底部
17. bring up 教养,养育;提出
18. request sb (not) to do sth. 要求某人做/不要做某事
19. be satisfied with…对……感到满意,满足于
20. suggest v. (request,insist…)
I suggested you do what he says. 我建议你按照他说的去做。
I suggest you not go tomorrow. 我想你明天还是不要去了。
His pale face suggested that he was in bad health. 他苍白的脸色暗示了他身体不好。
注意:insist 意思为“坚持要求”时后面的that从句用虚拟语气;如果insist 意为“强调,坚持认为”的时候,从句可以用任何所需要的时态。例如:She insisted that she didn’t tell a lie.她坚持认为她没撒谎。
21. according to…. 按照… 根据…
高一英语必修1知识点:Unit 3 Travel journal
Prefer doing …to doing…
Prefer to do rather than do
/disadvantages 优势/劣势
since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. 从高中起,我姐姐王维和我就一直梦想做一次伟大的自行车旅行。
连词since 引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,介词since 与时间点连用
It is/has been+一段时间+since+一般过去时 自从……至今已经多久了。
3. persuade sb to do sth= persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事
4. 强调句型 It is/was+被强调部分+that/who
强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份。一般来说,如果被强调部分是人时,用连词that或who;如果被强调部分是物,只能用连词that。
not … until 的强调句
fond of 喜欢,喜爱
6. Although 尽管,虽然,引导让步状语从句
① although 从句多在句首, though 从句可在主句前、中、后任何位置,而且though 可以作副词用于句末,作“但是,不过”讲,而although 无此用法。
② as though(仿佛,好像),even though(即使,尽管)中不能用although。
③ though 引导的让步状语从句可以倒装(将表语、状语、情态动词后的动词原形前置到句首,此用法同as),而 although 不可以。
7. insist on doing sth/ sth. 一定要、坚持主张
She insists on getting up early and playing her radio loudly.
她老是一大早起来把收音机音量开大
about 关心 在乎
care for 喜欢,照料,照顾
one’s mind 改变主意
13. experience 经历/经验
14. Once 可作为从属连词,作“一(旦)……就……”解,连接一个表示时间的状语从句。从句中常用一般现在时\现在完成时表将来。
Once you have begun you must continue.
15. give in 让步 give up 放弃
16. instead of 代替,而不是
17. make up one’s mind to do下定决心做某事
large parcel of 一大包
usual 像往常一样
up our tent 搭帐篷
awake 睡不着,醒着 stay up 熬夜
22. for company 做伴
beneath the stars 躺在星空下
hardly wait to do=can’t wait to do迫不及待做某事
in the right direction 走正确的方向
26. at a very slow pace. 以很慢的速度
similar to 类似于
to do sth 付得起,能承担
tired from 因……而疲劳 be tired of 对……厌倦
30. be in high spirits 喜气洋洋,兴高采烈
true 实现,成真
32. give sb some advice on doing...
33. a guide to… ……的指南
a tour 在游览中,在巡演中
detail 详细地
高一英语必修1知识点:Unit 4 Earthquakes
1. right away毫不迟疑,立刻
2. It seemed as if the world was at an end. 世界似乎到了末日。
从句表示“(在某人)看来好像;似乎”
① It seems/looks/appears as if/though…看起来好像…
② Sb./Sth. looks as if/though…
③ There seems/appears(to be)…
There appears to have been a mistake.
2. in ruins. 变为废墟
3. Two-thirds
4. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
5. under the weight of 在……重压下,迫于
6. in the open air 在户外,在野外,露天
7. take turns to do sth依次,轮流做某事
in turn 依次地,轮流地
8. be shocked at 对……感到震惊
9. be proud of 以……为自豪
10. express one’s thanks to sb /for sth… 对/因……表示感谢
11. without warning 毫无预兆
12. next to紧接着,相邻,次于
13. get away from… 避免,摆脱,离开
14. disaster-hit areas灾区
15. Listening to English is a very important skill because it is only when we understand what is said to us that we can have a conversation with somebody.
听英语是一项很重要的技能,因为只有当我们懂得别人给我们说什么我们才能与他交谈。
16. It is believed that 人们认为…
17. hold up 举起;托住;支撑列举,推举
18. make up 弥补, 虚构, 整理, 和解,化妆,拼凑
19. be trapped in 被困于…
20. It is said that… 据说...
21. be fixed to…被固定到……
22. be tied to … 被绑在……
高一英语必修1知识点:Unit 5 Nelson Mandela―a modern hero
1. devotes… to doing奉于
2. fight against 对抗,反对,与……作斗争
3. selflessly 无私地
4. be free from 免于,不受
5. be in prison 入狱,在狱中服刑
6. the first man to do 第一个…的人
7. The time when I first met him was a very difficult period of my life.
第一次见到他的时候是在我一生中非常艰难的时期。
8. He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.
他十分慷慨地给予我时间,我为此非常感激。
9. become out of work. 失业
10. hope that…/to do
11. as soon as I could 尽快, 马上
12. We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.
我们被置于这样一个境地:要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实,要么跟政府作斗争。
13. Only 位于句首,修饰状语从句时,主句采用部分倒装的语序。
Only in this way can you come up with a solution to the problem.
只有这样,你才能想出解决这个问题的办法。
14. as a matter of fact 事实上
15. blow up 爆炸,打气
16. be equal to 和…平等
17. in trouble 处于困境 遇到麻烦
18. be willing to do sth. 愿意,乐于
19. turn to 变成;求助于,借助于, 翻到,转向
turn to sb for help 向某人求助
20. lose heart 灰心;泄气, 丧失勇气,失去信心
21. escape from 逃脱,逃离,从……逃出
22. should have done 本应做而未做
needn’t have done 本不需要做而做了
can’t have done 过去不可能做过(对过去的否定推测)
must have done 对过去的肯定推测
23. pass the exam. 通过考试
24. be better educated 受到良好教育
25. come to power 执政
26. be proud to do sth. be proud of sth 为…而自豪
27. set up 创立,建立,架起,建造
The company was set up ten years ago. 公司是十年前建立的。
28. be sentenced to … 被判处……
29. Do you have any thoughts on that 你认为那怎么样?
30. to my understanding 按我的理解 to my opinion
31. be accepted by … 被……录取、接受
32. die from 死于…(事故等外部原因) die of 死于… (疾病等自身原因)
33. under way 正在进行
34. point of view 观点
35. compete with… 与……竞争
36. advise v.
advise + n./pron. advise + doing advise sb. to do sth.
advise + that从句(从句的谓语用“should + v原”, should 常省略)
注:与advise用法类似的动词如forbid,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接动词作宾语时要用动名词,但接宾补时后跟不定式。
如:We forbid smoking here.
We forbid you to smoke here.
拓展阅读:提高英语成绩的技巧和窍门
1、很多人的英语口语或听力不好,其中一个重要的原因就是不会正确的英语发音。所以要解决这种状况,首先还是应该从音标开始,做到正确发音,再加上不断的练习,这样就会慢慢的纠正自己的发音,从而提高英语的口语和听力不好的问题。
2、词汇是英语的基础,想要提高英语成绩,就一定要扩充自己的词汇量。大家可以选择背词典,也可以选择背四、六级的词汇书。想要有质量的提高自己的英语成绩,那么就要给自己制定一个相应的计划,每天坚持完成。
3、想提高英语成绩还要懂得总结和反思,所以建立一个错题集是必不可免的事情。可以把每次作业中考试中出现的错题改正分析后,整理成错题集。可以定期的拿出来温习巩固,对提高完形填空、短文改错及书面表达水平有很大的作用。考试之前也可以着重复习错题本上的知识点,甚至是只复习错题本上标注的重点难点,往往可以收到意想不到的效果。
初中英语知识清单
一、初中英语该怎么复习——秘诀1:零碎时间背知识点在中考中取得较高分数的同学,都有一个共同特点,那就是善于利用时间。他们不放过每一个可以复习的时间,争分夺秒地和时间赛跑。更是注重零碎时间的利用:①一节课间10分钟,每天用6个课间记单词,那就有1个小时能用来记单词;②早上早起10分钟,中午放学晚走10分钟,下午早到校10分钟,一方面多了半小时学习,另一方面也能帮你提前进入学习状态,提高听课效果;③如果是走读,上学放学路上可以听听英语,最好听课文音频,长期坚持效果比较明显。像单词、语法,都是很适合用零碎时间学习的。想背单词,可以买本小册子(体积小携带方便),也可以把课本单词表黑体加粗词汇整理到一起,装在兜里有时间就拿出来背;想学语法,可以用用闪过英语 初中英语语法考点清单 ,筛选出120个考点,突出45个必考点,更有针对性,学起来省时间。二、初中英语该怎么复习——秘诀2:整块时间做题实践在零碎时间补充了那么多知识点,是不是得做题检测一下自己的掌握情况呢?可以做一整套题,也可以只做同一类型的题。比如你完形填空丢分多,你就可以花半小时做3篇,再用30分钟对答案,整理单词辨析和固定搭配。以上方法适用于模拟题,对于本省的真题,建议每隔一段时间,就限时做一整套,以便随时检测自己的复习情况,还能查漏补缺。另外,每次做完一套真题,都要整理知识点,即使这道题你做对了,也该再深入思考它在考什么。做历年真题就是做未来的考题,曾经考过的都有可能在今年的考试中继续出现,可能是原模原样的知识点,也可能是变形。做模拟题就不用这么麻烦,只整理错题知识点就可以。但做题量一定要大。刚开始刷题时可能错很多,但只要每道错题你都认真改正了,后期你会发现错题越来越少,成绩自然也会越来越高。初中英语该怎么复习?只要你能做到上面2点,能高效利用时间,坚持在零碎时间背词、背语法点,用整块时间做题并认真整理错题。积少成多,聚沙成塔,你的成绩终会迎来质变!
一般现在时的用法 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。 时间状语: every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例:Columbus proved that the earth is round.. 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I don’t want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。再如:Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。 2. 一般过去时的用法 1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Where did you go just now? 2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 3)句型: It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了" It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了" It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。 It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。 would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示’宁愿某人做某事’ I’d rather you came tomorrow. 4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。 I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。 比较: 一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。 Christine was an invalid all her life. (含义:她已不在人间。) Christine has been an invalid all her life. (含义:她现在还活着) Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。) Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. ( 含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能指刚离去) 注意: 用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气。 1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。 Did you want anything else? I wondered if you could help me. 2)情态动词 could, would. Could you lend me your bike? 3. used to / be used to used to + do:"过去常常"表示过去习惯性的动作或状态,但如今已不存在。 Mother used not to be so forgetful. Scarf used to take a walk. (过去常常散步) be used to + doing: 对……已感到习惯,或"习惯于",to是介词,后需加名词或动名词。 He is used to a vegetarian diet. Scarf is used to taking a walk.(现在习惯于散步) 典型例题 ---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it. ---- It’s 69568442. A. didn’t B. couldn’t C. don’t D. can’t 答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语,但从语意上看 出,在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去,因此应用过去时。 4. 一般将来时 1) shall用于第一人称,常被will 所代替。 will 在陈述句中用于各人称,在争求意见时常用于第二人称。 Which paragraph shall I read first. Will you be at home at seven this evening? 2) be going to +不定式,表示将来。 a. 主语的意图,即将做某事。 What are you going to do tomorrow? b. 计划,安排要发生的事。 The play is going to be produced next month。 c. 有迹象要发生的事 Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 3) be +不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 4) be about to +不定式,意为马上做某事。 He is about to leave for Beijing. 注意:be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 5. be going to / will 用于条件句时, be going to 表将来 will 表意愿 If you are going to make a journey, you’d better get ready for it a s soon as possible. Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror. 6. be to和be going to be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。 be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。 I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客观安排) I’m going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主观安排) 7. 一般现在时表将来 1)下列动词:come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。 The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 2)倒装句,表示动作正在进行,如: Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 3)在时间或条件句中。 When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. I’ll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 4)在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等后。 I hope they have a nice time next week. Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 11. 用于现在完成时的句型 1)It is the first / second time…. that…结构中的从句部分,用现在完成时。 It is the first time that I have visited the city. It was the third time that the boy had been late. 2)This is the… that…结构,that 从句要用现在完成时. This is the best film that I’ve (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。 This is the first time (that) I’ve heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。 典型例题 (1) ---Do you know our town at all? ---No, this is the first time I ___ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming 答案B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时,故选B。 (2) ---Have you ____ been to our town before? ---No, it’s the first time I ___ here. A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come 答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时,反意词为never,此两词常用于完成时。 This is the largest fish I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中,从句要用完成时。 注意:非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。 (错)I have received his letter for a month. (对)I haven’t received his letter for almost a month. 12. 比较since和for Since 用来说明动作起始时间,for用来说明动作延续时间长度。 I have lived here for more than twenty years. I have lived here since I was born.. My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949. Some new oilfields have been opened up since 1976. I have known Xiao Li since she was a little girl. My brother has been in the Youth League for two years. I have not heard from my uncle for a long time. 注意:并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。 I worked here for more than twenty years. (我现在已不在这里工作。) I have worked here for many years. (现在我仍在这里工作。) 小窍门: 当现在完成时+一段时间,这一结构中,我们用下面的公式转化,很容易就能排除非延续动词在完成时中的误使。 1) (对) Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now. 2) (错) Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now. 显然,第二句不对,它应改为 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years. 13. since的四种用法 1) since +过去一个时间点 (如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。 I have been here since 1989. 2) since +一段时间+ ago I have been here since five months ago. 3) since +从句 Great changes have taken place since you left. Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here. 4) It is +一段时间+ since从句 It is two years since I became a postgraduate student. 被动语态的几种类型 1)主语句中有一个宾语的被动语态,如: He saw her in the shop yesterday. She was seen in the shop yesterday. 2) 主语有两个宾语的被动语态 Li Lei gave me a chemistry book. I was given a chemistry book by Li Lei. A chemistry book was given to me by Li Lei. 3)主动句中含宾语补足语的句子的被动语态 若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式,变为被动语态时,该不定式前要加"to"。此类动词为 感官动词:feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch The teacher made me go out of the classroom. --> I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher). We saw him play football on the playground. --> He was seen to play football on the playground. 若宾语补足语是带to的不定式,那么被动语态仍保留to: Mother told me not to be late I was told not to be late by mother. 5)情态动词+ be +过去分词,构成被动语态。 Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry. 6)表示"据说"或"相信" 的词组 believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand It is said that… 据说 It is reported that… 据报道 It is believed that… 大家相信 It is hoped that… 大家希望 It is well known that… 众所周知 It is thought that… 大家认为 It is suggested that… 据建议 It is taken granted that… 被视为当然 It has been decided that… 大家决定 It must be remember that…务必记住的是 It is said that she will leave for Wuhan on Tuesday. 14. 延续动词与瞬间动词 1) 用于完成时的区别 延续动词表示经验、经历; 瞬间动词表示行为的结 果,不能与表示段的时间状语连用。 He has completed the work. 他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果) I’ve known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历) 2) 用于till / until从句的差异 延续动词用于肯定句,表示"做……直到……" 瞬间动词用于否定句,表示"到……,才……" He didn’t come back until ten o’clock. 他到10 点才回来。 He slept until ten o’clock. 他一直睡到10点。 典型例题 1. You don’t need to describe her. I ___ her several times. A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet 答案B. 首先本题后句强调对现在的影响,我知道她的模样,你不用描述。再次,several times告知为反复发生的动作,因此用现在完成时。 2.---I’m sorry to keep you waiting. ---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes. A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be 答案A. 等待的动作由过去开始,持续到现在,应用现 . 不定式作宾语 1) 动词+ 不定式 afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake 举例: The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 I happen to know the answer to your question. 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。 2)动词+不定式 ; 动词+宾语+不定式 ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish… I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。 I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁。 I want to speak to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。 I want you to speak to Tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。 3) 动词+疑问词+ to decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。 There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机,我都拿不定主意买哪一种。 注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时,谓语动词用单数。 The question is how to put it into practice. 问题是怎样把它付诸实施。 2. 不定式作补语 1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do) advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce inform instruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn 例句: a. Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。 b. We believe him to be guilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。 Find 的特殊用法: Find 后可用分词做宾补,或先加形式宾语,再加形容词,最后加带to 的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从句。此类动词还有get,have。 I found him lying on the ground. I found it important to learn. I found that to learn English is important.
链接:
作业帮精品资料,初中英语高频考点Word文档,百度网盘分享。
首先要认识单词,然后语法可以用手机上找课程,有很多不错的语法课程可以在网上搜到的,阅读理解学会通过题目有相同的单词在短文中找有没有一样的词从而定位段落。
人教版初中英语的知识清单
英语是一门活的语言,光在课堂上听教师讲授是远远不够的,这就要靠我们透过多种管道学习。下面是我为大家整理的人教版初中英语知识点,欢迎大家阅读学习!
连词及其用法
1.连词是一种虚词,它不能独立担任 句子 成分而只起连接词与词, 短语 与短语以及句与句的作用。
2.常见的连词
and(和,与;而且;于是,然后;因此)
but(但是;通常用not...but...不是...而是...;可是,然而;表示惊讶,不同意等--喔,哇;用来加强语句重复部分的语气--一定;用来引入新话题--那就;常用于否定句--而不,若不;用于含doubt,question等字的否定句中相当于that--对于)
or(或者,还是;用于否定句或问句--也不;否则,要不然;也就是说,换言之)
nor(用在neither之后--也不;用在no,not,never之后--也不;用在句首,句子需倒装--也不)
so(因此,所以;因而,从而)
yet(可是,却,然而)
for(因为,由于)
both…and(既...又...;不但...而且)
not only…but also(不但,而且)
either…or(不是...就是;要么...要么)
neither…nor(既不...也不...)
3.并列连词:
①and 与or;②both …and两者都;③not only…but ...as well as=not only...butalso不但…而且;④neither…nor意思为"既不……也不……"谓语动词采用就近原则,与nor后的词保持一致。
4.转折或对比连词
①but表示转折,while表示对比。②not…but…意思为"不是……而是……"。
宾语从句
1.宾语从句,是名词性从句的一种。
在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
2.宾语从句的引导词有三种:
(1)以that引导的宾语从句:
that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当,引导词that没有实际意义,不在从句中作任何成分,that可以省略,而且从句成分齐全,句意完整。
Do you think (that) it will rain? 你认为天会下雨吗?
He said (that) he could come on time.他说他会准时来的。
(2)以whether或if引导的宾语从句:
从属连词if,whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来的,变成从句后,语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。whether和if意为“是否”。
Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday.
请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。
I don’t care whether you like the story or not.
我不在乎你是否喜欢这个 故事 。
(3)特殊疑问词what/ when/ where/ who等引导的宾语从句:
此类宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句,变成宾语从句后要用陈述语序,由wh-开头的疑问词引导。包括who, whom, whose, what,which等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词,这些引导词有各自的意思,在从句中要作相应的成分,不能省略。例如:
Could you tell me which gate we have to go to?
请问我们得走哪个门?
He didn’t tell me how long he would stay here.
他没有告诉我他要在这里呆多长时间。
非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义
在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义 。
1. 在need,want,require, bear等词的后面,动名词用主动形式表示被动意义,其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
例:The house needs repairing(to be repaired).这房子需要 修理 。
2. 形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,但不能跟动词不定式;而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。
例:The picture-book is well worth reading.(=The picture-book is very worthy to be read.)
3. 动词不定式在名词后面作定语,不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时,又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
例: I have a lot of things to do this afternoon. (to do与things是动宾关系,与I是主谓关系。)
试比较:I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。)
4.在某些“形容词+不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中,句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时,这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。
这些形容词有nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting等。
例:This problem is difficult to work out .(可看作to work out省略了for me).
5. 在too… to…结构中,不定式前面可加逻辑主语,所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。
例:This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.
6. 在there be…句型中,当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时,不定式用主动式作定语,重点在人,用被动形式作定语,重点在物。
例:There is no time to lose(to be lost).(用 to lose可看成for us to lose;用to be lost,谁 lost time不明确。)
7. 在be to do结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动,被动表被动。然而,由于古英语的影响,下列动词rent,blame,let等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
例: Who is to blame for starting the fire?
所谓垂悬结构(The DanglingConstruction)就是一个句子成分,如分词短语,不定式动词短语等,找不到被修饰的主语或被修饰的对象不合逻辑。垂悬结构是种错误的句法,应该避免。
下面是三种常见的垂悬结构及其改正 方法 :
⒈垂悬分词或分词短语,如:
①Climbing up the hill, several boars were seen.
这句子里的现在分词短语(present participial phrase)修饰主语“several boars”是错的;改正方法有二:
(a)确定是逻辑主语,使句子变成“Climbing up the hill, the explorers saw severalboars.”
(b)把现在分词短语扩大为副词分句(也称状语从句):“When the explorers climbed up the hill, they sawseveral boars/ several boars were seen.”
⒉垂悬副词短语,如:
After putting a shrimp on the hook, the fish began to bite.
这句的副词短语(adverb phrase)和主语“the fish”有什么逻辑关系呢?真正的逻辑主语应该是“the fisherman”或“theangler”才对。改正方法:
(a) After putting a shrimp on the hook, the fisherman found that the fishbegan to bite.
(b) After the fisherman had put a shrimp on the hook, the fish began tobite.
⒊垂悬不定式动词短语,如:
To write well, a lot of practice is needed.
To be a loyal employee, a sense of belonging is a must.
这两个句子的不定式动词短语(infinitive phrases)并不能修饰“practice”和“a sense ofbelonging”,真正的主语必须是“ 人”,如:
(a) To write well, one needs a lot of practice/a person has to practise alot.
(b) To be a loyal employee, he or she must have a sense of belonging.
上述三类垂悬结构中,第一类发生的频率,必须注意。但是在下列三种情况下,分词短语是对的,它们并非垂悬结构:
第一,独立结构(The Absolute Construction,见3月7日《中英合谈》)中的分词短语有自己的主语,所以不是垂悬结构。例如:
Such being the case, we can go home now./……it is not wrong to call it aday.
第二,当分词含有介词或连词性质时,它不需要逻辑主语,所以没有垂悬问题存在。例如:
Owing to a lack of funds, the project has to be discontinued.
Provided that there is sufficient time, everyone can do the job better.
第三,当分词短语是用来表示说话者的态度或意见时,也不需要逻辑主语,因此也不存在着垂悬问题。例如:
Judging from his facial look, the news must have been terrible.
Taken as a whole, there is nothing wrong with the logic behind thatidea.
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没有永远的博学,只有永远的学习;没有永远的聪明,只有永远的思考;没有永远的智者,只有永远的学者。下面给大家带来一些关于人教版 八年级 英语知识点归纳,希望对大家有所帮助。
人教版八年级英语知识点1
An old man tried to move the mountains
短语 归纳
on 从事 soon as 一.......就......
拿走,带走 good way to do sth 做某事的好 方法
little bit 一点儿 upon a time 从前
..变成 out出现,出版,结果是
married 结婚 in love with sb 爱上某人
born 出生 over the world全世界
a plan to do sth 制定计划做某事
the way 沿路 lost 迷路
16find out 找出 about 了解
用法归纳
to do sth 设法做某事 doing sth 完成做某事
to do sth 继续做某事 sb do sth 让某人做某事
doing sth 一直做某事 of doing sth 代替做某事
able to do能够做某事
takes/took.....to do sth 花费...做某事
no time to do sth 没有时间做某事
interested in doing sth 对做某事感兴趣
’t stop doing sth 禁不住做某事
sb doing sth 听到某人正在做某事
sb to somewhere 引导某人到某处
sth at/in somewhere 把某物遗忘在某地 sb sth 向某人展示某物
语法点
引导的条件状语从句
...引导的结果状语从句
soon as 引导的时间状语从句
人教版八年级英语知识点2
what’s the highest mountain in the world?
短语归纳
in 吸入;吞入 the face of 面对(问题;困难)
birth 出生时 you can see 正如你所看到的
far as I know 据我所知 to 直到
...for...为...准备... over 摔倒
from 死于...... down 砍倒
care of 照顾;照看 so 大约;左右
danger 处于危险之中
用法归纳
other+名词单数 其他任何一个......
free to ask sb sth on ...... 就...随意问某人某事
of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数 最....的....之一
’s the+形容词最高级+名词 in the world?世界上最....的....是什么?
....保护....使不受;防御
in doing sth 成功做成某事
sb about sth 教某人有关.....内容
sb to do sth 派某人去做某事
be sb/sth doing.....有某人/物正在做某事
语法点
1.数词 hundred,thousand,million,billion 的用法
2.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级用法
比较级变化规则
比较等级要变化,一般词尾加-er
词尾若有哑音e,直接加r就可以
一辅重读闭音节,辅音字母要双写
辅音字母加y结尾,要把y改i加er
人教版八年级英语知识点3
Have you read Treasure Island yet?
短语归纳
full of 充满 up 长大
up赶快 back to sw 带回到某地
than 超过 the middle of 在....中间 over 为....争吵;争斗 8. think about 考虑 to realize 开始意识到 since then从那时起 kind of 一种 as 例如 to属于 out 找出;查出 the end of the day 在一天结束的时候
famous for 因为...而出名 17. leave behind 遗忘;留下 importance of money and success 金钱和成功的重要性
用法归纳
doing sth 完成做某事 at/in sw 到达某地
to do sth 学习做某事 sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事
sb sth 给某人取名为....... sb sth 教某人某事
sth to do 用某物做某事 to do/doing sth 喜欢做某事
’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事 kind to sb 对某人友好
to do sth 希望做某事 time to do sth 有时间做某事
13have nothing to do 没什么事情可做
语法点
现在完成时
人教版八年级英语知识点4
Have you ever been to a museum?
短语归纳
a great time 玩的开心
up 搭建;支起
such a rapid way 用如此快速的方式
able to do sth 能够做某事
couple of 少数;几个
6. on the other hand 另一方面
quarters 四分之三
... 不管...还是...
up 醒来
year round 一年到头,终年
to 靠近
用法归纳
great way to do sth 一个做某事的好方法 sb to do sth 观看某人做了某事
’s unbelievable that....很难相信...... sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事
5. have problem (in)doing sth 做某事很费劲 .. 和...一样
best time to do sth 做某事的最佳时间 to do sth 选择做某事
sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事
语法点
现在完成时
区分:have been to 和have gone to
人教版八年级英语知识点5
I’v had this bike for three years
短语归纳
long 多长,多长时间 不再....
to ...欢迎到.... out 察看
first 起初 6. no longer 不再;不复 7..as for ...至于.... 8..to be honest 说实在的
for 寻找 from 在.....对面
to依据;按照 one’s opinion 依...看
order to 为了
用法归纳
’s+adj(+for sb)+to do sth (对某人来说)做某事是......
to do sth 决定做某事
been in+地点 在某处待了多久
to do sth 希望做某事
of+the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数+V单数 最....的...之一是....
to do sth 过去常常做某事
to do sth 需要做某事
语法点
现在完成时
和for 引导状语的区别
2.延续性动词和瞬间动词
瞬间动词转为为延续动词表
borrow-keep buy-have catch a cold-have a cold put on-wear get to know-know
get to sleep-sleep begin/start-be on go out-be out get to /arrive/reach-be(in)
die-be dead open-be open leave-be away finish-be over fall ill-be ill
join-be in/be a member of fall asleep-be asleep make friends-be friends
Come/go-be+相应的介词 close-be close go to bed-be in bed get up-be up
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英语学习 是必然的,从几年的学习过程中也领会了一些怎样应用策略的 方法 ,如何学习才能更家对英语有兴趣,最终学好英语必须要多下功夫。下面是我整理的初中英语知识点,欢迎大家阅读学习!
宾语从句
1.语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序,即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+……)”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分,可分为以下四种:
(1)连接词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有: who, what, which等。如:
Could you tell me who knows the answer,please?你能告诉我谁知道答案吗?
The small children don't know what is in their stockings.这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西。
I don't know which belongs to my father.
(2)连接词+名词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有:whose, what, which, how many, how much等。如:
He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。
The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.老师问我们房间里有多少人。
(3)连接词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的`连接词有:who(m), what, which, how many, how much, when, why, how, where, if /whether(在句中不充当任何成分)。如:
He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi.他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。
Could you tell me what I should do with the money ?你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗?
(4)连接词+名词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有:what, which, how many, how much, how等。如:
Do you know which class he is in ?你知道他在哪个班吗?
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。
2.连接词
(1)当由陈述句充当宾语从句时,用that引导,that无词义,在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如:
He said that he could finish his work before supper.他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。
(2)当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用if或whether引导,意为“是否”。如:
I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years.
但在下列情况下只能用whether:
①在具有选择意义,又有or或or not时,尤其是直接与or not连用时,往往用whether(if…or not也可以使用)。如:
Let me know whether /if he will come or not.(=Let me know whethe or not he will come)
I don't know whether/if he does any washing or not.(=I don't know whether or not he does any washing.)
I wonder whether we stay or whether we go.
②在介词之后用whether。如:
I'm interested in whether he likes English.我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。
We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time.
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.我担心是否伤了她的感情。
③在不定式前用whether。如:
He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man.他尚未决定是否 拜访 那位老人。
I don't know whether to go.我不知去否。
He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train.他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。
④whether置于句首时,不能换用if。如:
Whether this is true or not, I can't say.这是否真的我说不上来。
⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如:
Whether she will come or not is still a question.她是否能来还是个问题。
The question is whether we can catch the bus.问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车。
⑥ 若用if会引起歧义时,则用whether。如:
Please let me know if you like the book.可理解为:a. Please let me know whether you like the book.请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。B. If you like the book, please let me know.你如果喜欢这本书,请告诉我。
(3)如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句,只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。如:
Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?
疑问词是疑问代词“who, whom, what, which, whose”和疑问副词“when, where, how, why”。此外,连接词“whether”也适用。
“疑问词+不定式动词”结构有何功用呢?其主要功用有下列五种:
⑴当主语,如:
When to hold the meeting has not yet been decided.
Where to live is a problem.
How to cope with the rising cost of living becomes a daily discussiontopic.
⑵当宾语,如:
We must know what to say at a meeting.
He could not tell whom to trust.
Do you know how to play bridge?
⑶当补足语,如:
The problem is where to find the financial aid.
The question is who to elect.
⑷当名词同位语,如:
Tom had no idea which book to read first.
Do you have a rough impression how to do it?
⑸当宾语补足语,如:
Jim is not sure whose to choose.
Mary and John are not certain whether to get married or not.
适用于“疑问词+不定式动词”的动词包括:“know, see, decide, tell, ask, consider, discover,explain, forget, guess, hear, imagine, inquire, learn, remember, think, wonder,understand”等。
有点值得特别注意的是:当这结构当宾语时,它的作用等于名词分句,例如:
I could not decide which dictonary to buy./ I could not decide whichdictionary I should buy.
Jack did not know where to find such a good teacher./ Jack did not knowwhere he could find such a good teacher.
有些动词,如“ask, show, tell, advise, inform,teach”等,可以先有个宾语,然后才接着加上适当的“疑问词+不定式动词” 结构。例如:
The chief technician showed the apprentice how to repair the machine.
Have you told him where to get the application form?
现在进行时
现在进行时表示此时此刻正在发生的事情。常与now,at the moment,look,listen等词连用。
The little boy is watching TV now.
这个小男孩现在正在看电视。
Listen!She is playing the guitar in the next room.
听!她正在隔壁房间弹吉他。
现在进行时的基本结构:
肯定式:am/is/are+doing(现在分词)
否定式:am/is/are not +doing(现在分词)
一般疑问式:Am/Is/Are + 主语 +doing(现在分词)+ 其他
特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词+一般疑问式
They’re having a meeting now.
他们现在正在开会。
They aren't having a meeting now.
他们现在没有在开会。
Are they having a meeting now?
他们现在正在开会吗?
What are they doing now?
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这篇关于初一上册英语十大知识点总结(人教版),是 无 特地为大家整理的,希望对大家有所帮助! 一、48个国际音标及26个英文字母的正确书写 要熟练掌握元音和辅音,5个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u),字母的正确占格及单词间距。 二、be动词的用法 be动词有三种变形,分别是:am, is, are。记忆口诀: “我”用am, “你”用are, is用于“他、她、它”;单数全都用is,复数全部都用are。 三、人称及人称代词的不同形式(主格和宾格) 1、三种人称:第一人称(I, we),第二人称(you, you),第三人称(he, she, it, Maria)。 2、人称代词的主格,即人称代词位于句子主语位置时的形态:I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria。 3、人称代词的宾格,即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形态:me, us, you, you, him, her, it。 4、形容词性物主代词:my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。 5、名词性物主代词:mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。 6、反身代词:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves。 四、基数词(表示数量多少的词,大致相当于代数里的自然数) zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three,twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty,seventy, eighty, ninety, one hundred,one hundred and one。 五、一般疑问句及特殊疑问句 1、一般疑问句:能用Yes或No来回答的问句。一般疑问句句尾读升调。 2、特殊疑问句:不能用Yes或No来回答的问句。特殊疑问句句尾读降调。 六、可数名词变复数 可数名词变复数时,有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1、规则变化: 1)一般情况直接在词尾加“-s ”,如:cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days, face-faces, orange-oranges等; 2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的词,要在词尾加“-es ”,如:bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes等; 3)以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为i再加“-es ”,如:baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等; 4)部分以f (e)结尾的词,变f (e)为“ves ”,如:knife-knives, half-halves等; 5)以o结尾的词,加“-s ”或“-es ”,如:zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes等。记忆口诀:除了“英雄”hero外,凡是能吃的,加“-es ”,不能吃的加“-s ”。 2、不规则变化: 1)改变单数名词中的元音字母:man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth等; 2)单、复同形:sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese等; 3)其他形式:mouse-mice, child-children等。 七、简单句的成分及主谓一致原则 最基本构成:主语+谓语+宾语,其中谓语由动词来充当。 主谓一致原则,就是句子的谓语要始终与主语保持数量上的一致性。当主语是第三人称单数(简称“三单”)时,谓语动词也要相应变成单数形式;当主语非“三单”时,谓语动词就用原形。实意动词变“三单”的规则如下: 1)一般动词在词尾加“-s ”,如:like-likes, tell-tells, play-plays等; 2)以字母s, x,ch, sh结尾的动词加“-es ”,如:guess-guesses, teach-teaches, watch-watches等; 3)以o结尾的动词一般加“-es ”,如:do-does, go-goes等; 4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加“-而是”,如:fly-flies, carry-carries等; 5)have的三单形式是has。 八、冠词的用法(名词前面必须要有冠词) 冠词分为定冠词(the)和不定冠词(a, an)两种。 1、定冠词the表示“特指”,可译为“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”。 2、不定冠词a, an用来表明(可数)名词的数量是“一个”。an用于以元音开头(注意不是以元音字母开头)的单词前,a则英语非元音开头的单词前。 3、不定冠词a, an与基数词one的区别是:不定冠词不是刻意强调“数量”,而基数词则强调“数量”。 九、助动词(do, does )的用法 只有实意动词作谓语时才涉及使用助动词。以like为例: 1)当句子为肯定句时不涉及使用助动词,只涉及“主谓一致”原则。 eg : I like English a lot. Michael likes Chinese food very much. 2)当句子为否定句时,要根据主语的人称来决定使用相应的助动词:当主语为“三单”时,要使用does;当主语为“非三单”时,用助动词原形do。例如把下列句子变否定句: Kangkang likes doesn't like math. They like don't like sports. 3)当句子变疑问句时,同样要根据句子的主语来决定在句首使用Do或Does.例如下列句子变问句: Michael likes Chinese Michael like Chinese food? Yes, he does./ No, he doesn't. Jane and Helen like Jand and Helen like music? Yes, they do./ No, they don't. 十、名词所有格 1、Kangkang's books;Tom and Helen's desk; Ann's and Maria's bikes; 2、用of表示“......的”,但要从of后往of前翻译:a book of mine(我的一本书) 3、have与of的区别: have一般表示“主动拥有”,往往用于有生命的人或动物;无生命的物体一般不能“主动拥有”,表示所属关系时要用of。例如: I have a new bike. She has two big eyes. a door of the house
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其实七年级的也算是很基础的,小学时候基本都学过了,差不多像是复习和巩固吧,内容还是比较简单的,现在我总结一下大致内容吧:一、48个国际音标及26个英文字母的正确书写要熟练掌握元音和辅音,5个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u),字母的正确占格及单词间距.二、be动词的用法be动词有三种变形,分别是:am, is, are.记忆口诀:“我”用am, “你”用are, is用于“他、她、它”;单数全都用is,复数全部都用are.三、人称及人称代词的不同形式(主格和宾格)1、三种人称:第一人称(I, we),第二人称(you, you),第三人称(he, she, it, Maria).2、人称代词的主格,即人称代词位于句子主语位置时的形态:I, We, You, You, He, She, It, 、人称代词的宾格,即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形态:me, us, you, you, him, her, 、形容词性物主代词:my, our, your, your, his, her, its, 、名词性物主代词:mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, 、反身代词:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves.四、基数词(表示数量多少的词,大致相当于代数里的自然数)zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three,twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty,seventy, eighty, ninety, one hundred,one hundred and one.五、一般疑问句及特殊疑问句1、一般疑问句:能用Yes或No来回答的问句.一般疑问句句尾读升调.2、特殊疑问句:不能用Yes或No来回答的问句.特殊疑问句句尾读降调.六、可数名词变复数可数名词变复数时,有规则变化和不规则变化两种.1、规则变化:1)一般情况直接在词尾加“-s ”,如:cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days, face-faces, orange-oranges等;2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的词,要在词尾加“-es ”,如:bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes等;3)以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为i再加“-es ”,如:baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等;4)部分以f (e)结尾的词,变f (e)为“ves ”,如:knife-knives, half-halves等;5)以o结尾的词,加“-s ”或“-es ”,如:zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes等.记忆口诀:除了“英雄”hero外,凡是能吃的,加“-es ”,不能吃的加“-s ”.2、不规则变化:1)改变单数名词中的元音字母:man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth等;2)单、复同形:sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese等;3)其他形式:mouse-mice, child-children等.七、简单句的成分及主谓一致原则最基本构成:主语+谓语+宾语,其中谓语由动词来充当.主谓一致原则,就是句子的谓语要始终与主语保持数量上的一致性.当主语是第三人称单数(简称“三单”)时,谓语动词也要相应变成单数形式;当主语非“三单”时,谓语动词就用原形.实意动词变“三单”的规则如下:1)一般动词在词尾加“-s ”,如:like-likes, tell-tells, play-plays等;2)以字母s, x,ch, sh结尾的动词加“-es ”,如:guess-guesses, teach-teaches, watch-watches等;3)以o结尾的动词一般加“-es ”,如:do-does, go-goes等;4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加“-而是”,如:fly-flies, carry-carries等;5)have的三单形式是has.八、冠词的用法(名词前面必须要有冠词)冠词分为定冠词(the)和不定冠词(a, an)两种.1、定冠词the表示“特指”,可译为“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”.2、不定冠词a, an用来表明(可数)名词的数量是“一个”.an用于以元音开头(注意不是以元音字母开头)的单词前,a则英语非元音开头的单词前.3、不定冠词a, an与基数词one的区别是:不定冠词不是刻意强调“数量”,而基数词则强调“数量”.九、助动词(do, does )的用法只有实意动词作谓语时才涉及使用助动词.以like为例:1)当句子为肯定句时不涉及使用助动词,只涉及“主谓一致”原则.eg : I like English a likes Chinese food very )当句子为否定句时,要根据主语的人称来决定使用相应的助动词:当主语为“三单”时,要使用does;当主语为“非三单”时,用助动词原形do.例如把下列句子变否定句:Kangkang likes doesn't like like don't like )当句子变疑问句时,同样要根据句子的主语来决定在句首使用Do或Does.例如下列句子变问句:Michael likes Chinese Michael like Chinese food? Yes, he does./ No, he doesn' and Helen like Jand and Helen like music? Yes, they do./ No, they don't.十、名词所有格1、Kangkang's books;Tom and Helen's desk; Ann's and Maria's bikes;2、用of表示“.的”,但要从of后往of前翻译:a book of mine(我的一本书)3、have与of的区别:have一般表示“主动拥有”,往往用于有生命的人或动物;无生命的物体一般不能“主动拥有”,表示所属关系时要用of.例如:I have a new bike. She has two big door of the house十一、课本中的知识点1、Unit 1 ——Unit 21)问候语:Good morning/ afternoon/ are you?---Just OK, thank you. How are you?---Not bad, ! Hello!How do you do?2)道别用语:Nice/ Glad to meet/ see you.(meet用于初次见面,see用于熟人间)Nice to meet/ see you, . Byebye. Bye. See you (later/ tomorrow/ next time)! So long! Good night!3)介绍人或者物的句型:This is...4)Excuse me.与I'm sorry.的区别:Excuse me.是要引起对方的注意,而I'm sorry.则是向对方道歉.5)词组be from = come fromin English5)当问句中问到this/ that时,回答要用it;问到these/ those时,要用they来回答. 例如: What's this in English?----It's an are those?----They are )对Thanks.的回答:That's OK./ You're welcome./ My )look the same = have the same looksgive sth. to sb. = give sb. like = look likein the tree/ on the tree (树上结的、长出来的用on,否则用in)in red(穿着红色的衣服)in the desk(在空间范围之内)in English(用英语)help sb. do )both与all的区别:both表示“两者都.”;all表示“三者及以上都.”.2、Unit 3——Unit 41)speak的用法speak与say不同:speak表示“说”的动作,不表示“说”的内容;say则表示“说”的内容.speak后面除了能接“语言”外,不能直接接东西,后面加了to则表示“对.说”.help sb. with sth.(帮助某人做/补习.)want to do sth.(想要做某事)would like to do all(一点都不);Not at all.(没关系/别介意)like...a lot = like...very much2)some和any的区别:口诀:some用于肯定句,否定、疑问变any.例如:I have some money. I don't have any you have any money?3)have a seat = take a seat(请随便坐)4)祈使句(表示命令或请求的句子)祈使句一般都省略了主语You,所以其否定句直接用Don't开头.例如:Don't go there!5)问职业:What does sb. do?What is sb.?What's sb.'s job?6)work与job的区别:work是未必有报酬的“工作”,例如homework, housework;而job则一定是有报酬的“工作”.7)on指在物体的表面,不论这个面是否水平的,例如:on the desk/ wall/ farm/ playground8)in hospital(住院);in the hospital(在医院里)look after(照料/照顾/照看)help oneself(请自便/随便吃)9)表示“建议”的句型:“做某事如何?”What about (doing) sth.? (英式英语)How about (doing) sth.? (美式英语)Why don't you do sth.? = Why not do sth.?10)“吃”一日三餐要用have:have breakfast/ lunch/ supperhave...for breakfast/ lunch/ suppertake one's orderbe kind to )try on这个词组可合可分:名词可以放在这个词组的中间或后面,但代词只能放在词组的中间.12)在口语中往往用take表示“买”.13)how many与how much的区别:how many + 可数名词;how much + 不可数名词14)What do you think of...? 是询问对方对某事物的看法;How do you like...? 是问对方对某事物喜欢的程度.think about(考虑)Thank you all the same. (即使对方没能帮上忙,也要礼貌道谢)Thanks. = Thank you.(thank作为动词,不能单独使用.)15)one与it的区别:当上下文说的是同一种类事物时,任意一个可以用one来代替;如果上下文所说的是同一个事物时则用it.例如:Ann :I have a yellow :I have a green : Hey, Mike. Where is your bike?Mike : Look, it's over )倒装句Here you it )be free (有空/免费)forget to do sth.(忘了去做某事)forget doing sth.(忘了做过某事)What's up? = What's wrong with...? = What's the matter with...?18)go + 结构的含义:为了实现某目的才去的.例如:go fishing/ boating/ swimming/ shopping等19)have to do sth.(非主观因素,强调客观因素,“不得不去做某事”)must 则表示主观愿望20)fly a kite = fly kitesbe free = have time21)时间的表述当分针所指的时间大于0分、小于等于30分钟时,用“分钟”past“小时”.例如:8:23——twenty-three past eight当分针所指的时间大于30分钟、小于60分钟时,用“剩余的时间”to“下一个整点”.例如:8:49——eleven to nine当然,还可以直接按照小时、分钟去读出时间,例如:8:23——eight twenty-three; 8:49——eight forty-nine整点则在数词后加“-o'clock”,例如:8:00——eight o'clock在钟点前介词要用)句型“该干某事了.”:It's time to do sth. = It's time for sth. 例如:该吃午饭了.It's time to have lunch. = It's time for lunch.
在英语中询问“怎么样?”是个很常见的话题,牵涉到不同的意思和不同的句型,只有以恰当的句型去适应不同的意思,才能体现 “原汁原味”的英语。常见的相关句型有:一、在询问、提出建议或征求对方意见时,用“What (how) about...?”的句型,about 的后面可以接名词、动名词或代词。如:I'm going to fly a kite this afternoon. What about you?今天下午我要去放风筝。你呢?What about playing chess now? 现在下棋怎么样?二、要询问某人或某事现在的情况(如身体状况,学习状况等),用“How is (are)...?”的句型。如:How's everything there? 那儿一切怎么样?How's your father? Is he much better now?你父亲怎样?现在好多了吗?三、要询问人的外貌、品德(重点指客观印象)或天气情况,用“What's ... like ...?的句型。如:What's the weather like today? = How's the weather today?今天天气怎么样?— What's his mother like? — She's tall and thin.他妈妈长得怎样?她长得又高又瘦。四、要询问对某事物的感觉和喜欢的程度时用“How do you like ...?”的句型。如:How do you like the cartoon film “Mickey And Mouse”?你觉得卡通电影“米老鼠和唐老鸭”怎么样?How do you like Hangzhou?你觉得杭州怎么样?五、要询问对方对某事的看法和态度或想法时,用“What do you think of ...?”的句型。如:What do you think of the supergirls?你认为超级女生怎么样?What do you think of the plan?你觉得这个计划怎样?六、要询问对方工作学习进展现状情况或与人相处得如何时用 “How are you getting on with…?”的句型。如:How are you getting on with your English study?你英语学得怎样?How are you getting on with your classmates?你与你的同班同学相处得怎么样?七、要询问对方的外貌、举止等,强调主观印象,用“What do (does) ... look like?”的句型。如:— What does Linda look like?— She looks like an engineer.琳达看起来像什么?她看上去像个工程师。八、要询问一个人的脸色,有时也指一个人的情绪或精神状态时用“How do (does) ... look?”的句型。如:— How does the teacher look now?— He looks very pleased.— 老师现在怎样?— 他看上去很高兴。 我在人教网上找的`也许是吧