介绍伦敦英语

伦敦英语介绍

London is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures.

英伦印象-伦敦英文简介：）~London is a cosmopolitan mixture of the Third and First worlds, of chauffeurs and beggars, of the establishment, the avowedly working class and the avant-garde. Unlike comparable European cities, much of London looks unplanned and grubby, but that is part of its appeal. Visiting London is like being let loose on a giant-sized Monopoly board clogged with traffic. Even though you probably won't know where the hell you are, at least the names will look reassuringly familiar. The city is so enormous, visitors will need to make maximum use of the underground train system: unfortunately, this dislocates the city's geography and makes it hard to get your bearings.London is a year-round tourist center, with few of its attractions closing or significantly reducing their opening hours in winter. Your best chance of good weather is, of course, at the height of summer in July and August, but there's certainly no guarantee of sun even in those months and that is when you can expect the biggest crowds and highest prices.A resting place of the royals, Westminster Abbey, is one of the most visited churches in the Christian world. It's a beautiful building, full of morose tombs and monuments, with an acoustic field that will send shivers down your spine when the choirboys clear their throats. The roll call of the dead and honored is guaranteed to humble the greatest egoist, despite the weighty and ornate memorabilia. 详细的可以看看这里：）~

LONDON, England. A capital city full of art and history. An important political centre. A huge financial market place. 英国，伦敦，一座艺术气息和历史氛围浓郁的都城，一个重要的政治中心，一处巨大的金融市场。 Whatever you think about London, visiting as a tourist is very different from living there. Each part of London has its own character. Some parts are richer than others, or more industrial, or have better housing. 不管你眼中的伦敦是什么样子，以游客的身份去参观旅游和居住在此有很大的不同。伦敦每个地方都各有千秋。有的地方富裕，有的地方偏工业化，有的地方则更适合居住。 It is difficult to be general about London. The city is made up of a "collection of villages", each area with its own character and community. 要全面描述伦敦是很困难的。这个城市是一个“乡村集散地”，每个地方都有自己的特色和自己的社区。 Put them all together, and you have London, a cosmopolitan capital. 所有这一切，组成了伦敦，一个国际化大都市。

伦敦英文简介：

London, the capital of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, is the world's largest financial centre, and is also known as Newport Harbor with New York and Hong Kong.

London is the political, economic, cultural and financial centre of the UK and the largest number of museums and libraries in the world.

There are 19 Fortune 500 headquarters and 7 of the world's top 100 universities in London. In 2018, the Gross Regional Product of London has reached $653.2 billion.

London is a world-leading world-class city, one of the richest, most economically developed.

Most prosperous and most lively cities in the world, in politics, economy, culture, education, technology, finance, business, sports, media, Fashion and other aspects affect the world and are a model of globalization.

翻译：

伦敦，是大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国首都，世界第一大金融中心，与纽约和香港并称为“纽伦港”。

伦敦是英国的政治、经济、文化、金融中心，是全世界博物馆和图书馆数量最多的城市。有19家世界500强总部和7座世界排名前100的大学位于伦敦。2018年伦敦地区生产总值已达到6532亿美元。

伦敦是一座全球领先的世界级城市，是全球最富裕、经济最发达、商业最繁荣、生活水平最高的城市之一，在政治、经济、文化、教育、科技、金融、商业、体育、传媒、时尚等各方面影响着全世界，是全球化的典范。

扩展资料：

伦敦社会治安状况较往年有所恶化。一是青少年犯罪案件增多。

2018年元旦，有4人在伦敦遭到持刀攻击后身亡，袭击者均为青少年。警方分析称，英国法律对青少年犯罪的“豁免”是造成青少年犯罪率上升的原因之一。许多青少年犯罪者认为，自己即使触犯法律也不会受到严厉审判，仅仅在监狱关上几个月就能了事。

还有分析认为，近年来伦敦社区为青少年提供的活动场所不断减少，这些孩子失去了正规的活动场所，有可能被暴力团伙吸引。数据显示，2011年以来，伦敦共关闭了81所青少年活动中心或活动项目，对青少年服务方面的援助经费也削减了至少3900万英镑。

对此，伦敦市长萨迪克·汗于今年2月宣布，每年将投入1500万英镑用于支持“弱势儿童”的教育、体育以及社会文化活动，以减少青少年暴露于不良文化继而走向犯罪之路的可能。

二是恶性刑事案件数量高企。伦敦警方近日公布的数字显示，2018年以来已着手调查的谋杀案件数量就达到46起。1月份的一份调查报告显示，在英格兰和威尔士地区，持刀犯罪案件数量从2015年起激增；截至2017年9月，英格兰和威尔士的持刀犯罪案发生率环比增加了21%。

此外，伦敦“泼硫酸”袭击数量也在上升。去年4月，伦敦一对华裔夫妇推着两岁的儿子在街头散步时突然遭人泼强酸袭击，一家三口均不同程度受伤。

分析认为，伦敦社会治安状况不断恶化的原因，一方面是由于当地个别地区失业率和贫困率居高不下。女孩遇袭地托特纳姆曾是繁荣的工业制造业中心，但如今却是伦敦失业率最高的地区之一，1985年和2011年两次席卷伦敦乃至英国全境的骚乱“原点”就在这一地区。

一名当地居民在此次枪击事件后接受英国媒体采访时表示：“这里有太多的毒品、持刀伤人和谋杀。”另一方面，社交媒体在传播暴力方面起到了推波助澜的作用。

伦敦一名警长表示，人们在网络上习惯于恶语相向，很容易导致在现实生活中遇到冲突后丧失理性，一些黑社会组织在社交媒体上传播暴力内容甚至“美化暴力”。去年9月，伦敦南部克罗伊登区的一名议员也表示，社交媒体“助燃了英国青少年之间的暴力行为”。

参考资料来源：人民网-伦敦社会治安状况不乐观

介绍伦敦英语

London is the capital of England and the United Kingdom. It has been a major settlement for two millennia, and its history goes back to its founding by the Romans, when it was named Londinium.London's core, the ancient City of London, the 'square mile', retains its medieval boundaries. Since at least the nineteenth century, the name "London" has also referred to the metropolis developed around it.Today, the bulk of this conurbation forms the London region and the Greater London administrative area, with its own elected mayor and assembly.London is a major global city[11][12] and one of the world's largest financial centres.[13][14][15][16] Central London is home to the headquarters of more than half of the UK's top 100 listed companies (the FTSE 100) and more than 100 of Europe's 500 largest. London's influence in politics, finance, education, entertainment, media, fashion, the arts and culture in general contributes to its global position. It is a major tourist destination for both domestic and overseas visitors. London hosted the 1908 and 1948 Summer Olympics and will host the 2012 Summer Olympics.[17]London contains four World Heritage Sites: the Tower of London; the historic settlement of Greenwich; the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; and the site comprising the Palace of Westminster, Westminster Abbey and St. Margaret's Church.[18]London has a wide range of peoples, cultures, and religions, and more than 300 languages are spoken within its boundaries.[19] In July 2007, it had an official population of 7,556,900 within the boundaries of Greater London,[20] making it the most populous municipality in the European Union.[21] The Greater London Urban Area (the second largest in the EU) has a population of 8,278,251.[2] while the metropolitan area (the largest in the EU) has an estimated total population of between 12 million[3] and 14 million.[4] The London Underground network, administered by Transport for London, is the most extensive subway network in the world,[22] London Heathrow Airport is the world's busiest airport by number of international passengers[23] and the airspace is the busiest of any urban centre in the world.[24]London has a temperate marine climate (Koppen climate classification Cfb), like much of the British Isles, so the city rarely sees extremely high or low temperatures. Summers are warm with average high temperatures of 21 °C (70 °F) – 24 °C (75 °F) and lows of 11 °C (52 °F) – 14 °C (57 °F). But temperatures can exceed 25 °C (77 °F) on many days, and in almost every year they exceed 30 °C (86 °F) on some days. The highest temperature ever recorded was 39 °C (102 °F) [87] on 10 August 2003. Winters in London are chilly, but rarely below freezing with daytime highs around 8 °C (46 °F) – 12 °C (54 °F), while spring has mild days and cool evenings.[87] The lowest ever recorded temperature is −21 °C (−5.8 °F) in 1795 and 1796. The lowest in recent years was −10 °C (14.0 °F) on 14 January 1982. Autumn is usually mild but often unsettled as colder air from the north and warmer air from the south meet.London is a relatively dry city with regular but generally light precipitation throughout the year, with an average of 583.6 millimetres (22.98 in) every year. Snow is relatively uncommon, particularly because heat from the urban area can make London up to 5 °C (9 °F) warmer than the surrounding areas in winter. Some snowfall, however, is usually seen up to a few times a year. The snowfall of February 2009 was the heaviest London had seen for 18 years. London is in USDA Hardiness zone 9, and AHS Heat Zone 2.[88]Although extreme weather does not happen very often, deep depressions have been known to pass through like the Great Storm of 1987. Tornados are rare, but the Kensal Green area of the city was hit by the 2006 London tornado causing £10 million of damage and injuring 6 people.In the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th, London was noted for its dense fogs and smogs. Following the deadly Great Smog of 1952, the Clean Air Act 1956 was passed, leading to the decline of such severe pollution in the capital.[89]

London is the capital, the largest city and the largest port in England and the UK. It is also one of the largest metropolitan areas in Europe. Since the establishment of the city by the Romans more than 2,000 years ago, London has had great influence in the world.

However, at the latest since the 19th century, the name “London” also represented the surrounding area developed around the City of London. These satellite cities form the metropolitan area of London and the Greater London area.

London is one of the world's four world-class cities, alongside New York, Paris, France and Tokyo, Japan. London is not a British city status, officially not a city, but since the 18th century she has been one of the most important political, economic, cultural, artistic and entertainment centers in the world, most people mistakenly think she is a city.

From 1801 to the beginning of the 20th century, as the world's empire, the capital of the British Empire, London became the largest city in the world for its outstanding achievements in the field of technological inventions. In March 2016, the 2016 Wealth Report was released, and London ranked third among the most expensive cities in the world.

In September 2018, the 2018 World Tourism City Development Rankings were published in a comprehensive ranking, and London ranked first.

伦敦是英格兰和英国的首都、第一大城及第一大港，也是欧洲最大的都会区之一，自两千多年前罗马人成立这座都市起，伦敦一直在世界上具有极大的影响力。

然而，最晚自十九世纪起，“伦敦”这个名称同时也代表围绕着伦敦市开发的周围地区。这些卫星城市构成了伦敦的都会区和大伦敦区。

伦敦是世界四大世界级城市之一，与美国纽约、法国巴黎和日本东京并列 。伦敦未获英国城市地位，正式来说算不上是城市，但因为自18世纪起她一直是世界上最重要的政治、经济、文化、艺术和娱乐中心之一，一般人都误以为她是一座城市。

从1801年到20世纪初，作为世界性帝国——大英帝国的首都，伦敦因在其于科技发明等领域上的卓越成就，而成为全世界最大的都市。2016年3月，《2016年财富报告》发布，伦敦在全球房价最贵的城市中排名第三。

2018年9月，2018世界旅游城市发展排行榜综合排行公布，伦敦位列第1名。

扩展资料：

伦敦的著名景点：

1.白金汉宫。白金汉宫是英国的王宫，建造在威斯敏斯特城内，是一座四层楼的正方形围院建筑，宫内有典礼厅、音乐厅、宴会厅、画廊等六百余个房间。在宫前广场有胜利女神像站在高高的大理石台上，金光闪闪。

2.大英博物馆。大英博物馆（British Museum），又名不列颠博物馆，位于英国伦敦新牛津大街北面的大罗素广场，成立于1753年，1759年1月15日起正式对公众开放，是世界上历史最悠久、规模最宏伟的综合性博物馆，也是世界上规模最大、最著名的博物馆之一。

3.伦敦眼。伦敦眼，全称英国航空伦敦眼，又称千禧之轮是世界上首座、也曾经是世界最大的观景摩天轮。“伦敦眼”是伦敦最吸引游人的观光点，耸立於泰晤士河南畔的贝兰斯区，面向威斯敏斯特宫与大本钟。

4.大本钟。英国伦敦著名古钟，即威斯敏斯特宫报时钟，坐落在英国伦敦泰晤士河畔的一座钟楼，是伦敦的标志性建筑之一。英国国会会议厅附属的钟楼，现改名为“伊丽莎白塔”。

5.伦敦塔桥。伦敦塔桥是从英国伦敦泰晤士河口算起的第一座桥，也是伦敦的象征，有“伦敦正门”之称。该桥始建于1886年，1894年6月30日对公众开放，将伦敦南北区连接成整体。

London is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures.Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who called it Londinium.London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its square-mile medieval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, the name London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core. The bulk of this conurbation forms the London region and the Greater London administrative area, governed by the elected Mayor of London and the London Assembly.London is a leading global city, with strengths in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism and transport all contributing to its prominence. It is the world's largest financial centre alongside New York City and has the fifth-largest city GDP in the world (and the largest in Europe).It has the most international visitors of any city in the world and London Heathrow is the world's busiest airport by number of international passengers. London's 43 universities form the largest concentration of higher education in Europe. In 2012 London will become the first city to host the modern Summer Olympic Games three times.London has a diverse range of peoples, cultures and religions and more than 300 languages are spoken within its boundaries. In July 2010 Greater London had an official population of 7,825,200, making it the most populous municipality in the European Union. The Greater London Urban Area is the second-largest in the EU with a population of 8,278,251, while London's metropolitan area is the largest in the EU with an estimated total population of between 12 million and 14 million.London had the largest population of any city in the world from around 1831 to 1925.London contains four World Heritage Sites: the Tower of London; Kew Gardens; the site comprising the Palace of Westminster, Westminster Abbey, and St Margaret's Church; and the historic settlement of Greenwich (in which the Royal Observatory marks the Prime Meridian (0° longitude) and GMT). Other famous landmarks include Buckingham Palace, the London Eye, Piccadilly Circus, 30 St Mary Axe ("The Gherkin"), St Paul's Cathedral, Tower Bridge, Trafalgar Square and Wembley Stadium. London is home to numerous museums, galleries, libraries, sporting events and other cultural institutions, including the British Museum, National Gallery, British Library, Wimbledon and 40 theatres.London's Chinatown is the largest in Europe.The London Underground is the oldest underground railway network in the world and the second-most extensive (after the Shanghai Metro).

是正统英语，又称为british english

伦敦的英语介绍

The name London is commonly thought to have come from the Latin name Londinium, as London was founded by the Romans ... The City of London is the principal financial district of the United Kingdom, and is one of the most important in ...

London is the political, economic, cultural and financial centre of Britain. It has the largest number of museums and libraries in the world. Nineteen Fortune 500 headquarters and seven top 100 universities are located in London.

伦敦是英国的政治、经济、文化、金融中心，是全世界博物馆和图书馆数量最多的城市。有19家世界500强总部和7座世界排名前100的大学位于伦敦。

London is located in the plain of Southeast England. The Thames River runs through it. The coordinates of the city center are 51 30 north latitude and 0.1 5 East longitude. London covers an area of 1577 square kilometres, with a population of about 8.9 million in 2016.

伦敦位于英格兰东南部的平原上，泰晤士河贯穿其中，城市中心坐标为北纬51°30′、东经0.1°5′。大伦敦面积1577平方公里，2016年人口约为890万。

扩展资料

伦敦这一名称在2世纪即已存在，在公元约121年记载为伦蒂尼恩（Londinium），证明其来源有罗马-不列颠背景。蒙茅斯的杰弗里在其作品《不列颠诸王纪》中最先试图阐释这一名称，但这一解释如今已被否定。他称该名称来源于一位“勒德王”（King Lud），此人据传占领了这一城市，并将其命名为“凯尔勒德”（Kaerlud）。

自1898年起，人们普遍认为该名称来源于凯尔特人，意为“名为伦蒂诺斯（Londinos）者所有之地”；但这一解释此后亦被推翻。理查德·科特斯于1998年提出该名称来源于前凯尔特古欧洲语言名称“(p)lowonida”，意为“河流过宽无法涉足”，指代流经伦敦的泰晤士河的一部分。

由此这一定居点获得其凯尔特名称“Lowonidonjon”，但距离“伦敦”仍有一定差距。其最大的问题在于拉丁名称“Londinium”和现代威尔士语“Llundain”之间的不同；后者照理应为“(h)lōndinion”（非“londīnion”），来源于先前的“loundiniom”。

1889年之前，“伦敦”一名仅为官方用于称呼伦敦城，但此后亦用于称呼伦敦郡及今日的大伦敦。

参考资料来源：百度百科-伦敦

London is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures.

London is the capital, the largest city and the largest port in England and the UK. It is also one of the largest metropolitan areas in Europe. Since the establishment of the city by the Romans more than 2,000 years ago, London has had great influence in the world.

However, at the latest since the 19th century, the name “London” also represented the surrounding area developed around the City of London. These satellite cities form the metropolitan area of London and the Greater London area.

London is one of the world's four world-class cities, alongside New York, Paris, France and Tokyo, Japan. London is not a British city status, officially not a city, but since the 18th century she has been one of the most important political, economic, cultural, artistic and entertainment centers in the world, most people mistakenly think she is a city.

From 1801 to the beginning of the 20th century, as the world's empire, the capital of the British Empire, London became the largest city in the world for its outstanding achievements in the field of technological inventions. In March 2016, the 2016 Wealth Report was released, and London ranked third among the most expensive cities in the world.

In September 2018, the 2018 World Tourism City Development Rankings were published in a comprehensive ranking, and London ranked first.

伦敦是英格兰和英国的首都、第一大城及第一大港，也是欧洲最大的都会区之一，自两千多年前罗马人成立这座都市起，伦敦一直在世界上具有极大的影响力。

然而，最晚自十九世纪起，“伦敦”这个名称同时也代表围绕着伦敦市开发的周围地区。这些卫星城市构成了伦敦的都会区和大伦敦区。

伦敦是世界四大世界级城市之一，与美国纽约、法国巴黎和日本东京并列 。伦敦未获英国城市地位，正式来说算不上是城市，但因为自18世纪起她一直是世界上最重要的政治、经济、文化、艺术和娱乐中心之一，一般人都误以为她是一座城市。

从1801年到20世纪初，作为世界性帝国——大英帝国的首都，伦敦因在其于科技发明等领域上的卓越成就，而成为全世界最大的都市。2016年3月，《2016年财富报告》发布，伦敦在全球房价最贵的城市中排名第三。

2018年9月，2018世界旅游城市发展排行榜综合排行公布，伦敦位列第1名。

扩展资料：

伦敦的著名景点：

1.白金汉宫。白金汉宫是英国的王宫，建造在威斯敏斯特城内，是一座四层楼的正方形围院建筑，宫内有典礼厅、音乐厅、宴会厅、画廊等六百余个房间。在宫前广场有胜利女神像站在高高的大理石台上，金光闪闪。

2.大英博物馆。大英博物馆（British Museum），又名不列颠博物馆，位于英国伦敦新牛津大街北面的大罗素广场，成立于1753年，1759年1月15日起正式对公众开放，是世界上历史最悠久、规模最宏伟的综合性博物馆，也是世界上规模最大、最著名的博物馆之一。

3.伦敦眼。伦敦眼，全称英国航空伦敦眼，又称千禧之轮是世界上首座、也曾经是世界最大的观景摩天轮。“伦敦眼”是伦敦最吸引游人的观光点，耸立於泰晤士河南畔的贝兰斯区，面向威斯敏斯特宫与大本钟。

4.大本钟。英国伦敦著名古钟，即威斯敏斯特宫报时钟，坐落在英国伦敦泰晤士河畔的一座钟楼，是伦敦的标志性建筑之一。英国国会会议厅附属的钟楼，现改名为“伊丽莎白塔”。

5.伦敦塔桥。伦敦塔桥是从英国伦敦泰晤士河口算起的第一座桥，也是伦敦的象征，有“伦敦正门”之称。该桥始建于1886年，1894年6月30日对公众开放，将伦敦南北区连接成整体。

伦敦桥英语介绍

Tower Bridge is a combined bascule and suspension bridge in London built between 1886 and 1894. The bridge crosses the River Thames close to the Tower of London and has become an iconic symbol of London. Because of this, Tower Bridge is sometimes confused with London Bridge, situated some 0.5 mi (0.80 km) upstream. Tower Bridge is one of five London bridges now owned and maintained by the Bridge House Estates, a charitable trust overseen by the City of London Corporation. It is the only one of the Trust's bridges not to connect the City of London directly to the Southwark bank, as its northern landfall is in Tower Hamlets.

中文翻译：（塔桥是伦敦1886至1894年间建成的组合式悬索桥。这座桥横跨泰晤士河畔，靠近伦敦塔，已成为伦敦的标志性标志。因此，塔桥有时与伦敦桥混淆，位于上游约0.5英里（0.80公里）处。塔桥是现在由伦敦城市公司监管的慈善信托机构“桥屋庄园”拥有和维护的五座伦敦大桥之一。这是唯一一座不直接连接伦敦城和南华克银行的桥梁，因为它的北部落地是哈姆雷特塔。）

文化遗产：伦敦塔塔群建筑，包括多次重建的的防御措施和国王王宫，威克非塔、圣托马斯塔等众多塔楼以及核心防御措施--白塔，以及“叛离者之门”等建筑。

1988年根据文化遗产评选标准C（II）（IV）被列入《世界遗产目录》。

世界遗产委员会评价：

具有罗马人建筑风格特点的白塔，是影响整个英国建筑风格伦敦塔的巨大建筑物。伦敦塔是威廉沿泰晤士河建造的，目的是为了保护伦敦，并宣称此地是他的领土。伦敦塔是围绕白塔建造的一个十分有历史意义的城堡，也是王室权力的象征。

伦敦桥LondonBridge英国伦敦泰晤士河上一座几经重建的大桥,也是该河上28座桥梁中位于最下游的一座桥。地处伦敦塔附近,连接着南沃克自治市高街和伦敦市的威廉王大街。在历史上被称为伦敦的正门。

London Bridge is in Lake Havasu City, Arizona.In 1962, London Bridge was falling down. Built in 1831, the bridge couldn't handle the ever-increasing flow of traffic across the Thames River. The British government decided to put the bridge up for sale, and Robert McCulloch, Founder of Lake Havasu City, Arizona, and Chairman of McCulloch Oil Corporation, submitted the winning bid of $2,460,000. The bridge was dismantled, and each stone was numbered. Everything was shipped 10,000 miles to Long Beach, California, and then trucked to Lake Havasu City. Reconstruction began on September 23, 1968, with a ceremony including the Lord Mayor of London, who laid the cornerstone. On October 10, 1971, the bridge was dedicated.London Bridge crosses a narrow boating channel that connects with Thompson Bay on the Arizona side of Lake Havasu. Prior to the arrival of London Bridge, the land upon which the bridge was placed was a peninsula. A large dredge was used to carve a one-mile channel, removing over two million cubic yards of rock and earth in the construction phase. Water was then diverted from the lake, under the bridge and then back into the lake through Thompson Bay. On the Google Map aerial view, the pushpin marked "A" is the London Bridge Resort, and just to the left is McCulloch Boulevard and the location of London Bridge.To reach the bridge from I-40 we recommend going south on Arizona Highway 95, then turn left (east) on Mesquite Avenue. Turn right (south) on Lake Havasu Avenue N. and then right again on McCulloch Boulevard N. to drive over the bridge. Best place to park to take photos: Just after turning onto McCulloch Boulevard N., you'll cross over Arizona Highway 95. Before you reach the actual London Bridge, turn left into the small parking lot near the London Bridge Resort. It's an easy walk along the lower edge of the bridge to the promenade for photos. Once you walk west under the bridge, you'll see a concrete walkway ramp which leads up to the London Bridge visitors' center where there are some historical photos and other information about the bridge and other attractions and points of interest within about a 100-mile radius of Lake Havasu City.Lake Havasu City, which got its start as an Army Air Corps rest camp during World War II, now has over 1,000 businesses, two newspapers and a college. Remember that the next time a man comes up to you and offers to sell you a used bridge!

Tower Bridge，London‘s  famous  bridge

Tower Bridge is a combined bascule and suspension bridge in London built between 1886 and 1894. The bridge crosses the River Thames close to the Tower of London and has become an iconic symbol of London. Because of this, Tower Bridge is sometimes confused with London Bridge, situated some 0.5 mi (0.80 km) upstream. Tower Bridge is one of five London bridges now owned and maintained by the Bridge House Estates, a charitable trust overseen by the City of London Corporation. It is the only one of the Trust's bridges not to connect the City of London directly to the Southwark bank, as its northern landfall is in Tower Hamlets.

（塔桥是伦敦1886至1894年间建成的组合式悬索桥。这座桥横跨泰晤士河畔，靠近伦敦塔，已成为伦敦的标志性标志。因此，塔桥有时与伦敦桥混淆，位于上游约0.5英里（0.80公里）处。塔桥是现在由伦敦城市公司监管的慈善信托机构“桥屋庄园”拥有和维护的五座伦敦大桥之一。这是唯一一座不直接连接伦敦城和南华克银行的桥梁，因为它的北部落地是哈姆雷特塔。）

The bridge consists of two bridge towers tied together at the upper level by two horizontal walkways, designed to withstand the horizontal tension forces exerted by the suspended sections of the bridge on the landward sides of the towers. The vertical components of the forces in the suspended sections and the vertical reactions of the two walkways are carried by the two robust towers. The bascule pivots and operating machinery are housed in the base of each tower. Before its restoration in the 2010s, the bridge's colour scheme dated from 1977, when it was painted red, white and blue for Queen Elizabeth II's Silver Jubilee. Its colours were subsequently restored to blue and white.

（该桥由两座桥塔组成，两座桥塔在上层由两条水平人行道连接在一起，设计成能够承受桥的悬吊部分在桥塔向岸侧施加的水平拉力。两个坚固的塔架承载着悬浮段力的垂直分量和两条人行道的垂直反应。基座枢轴和操作机械被安置在每个塔的底座中。在2010年代修复之前，这座桥的色彩设计始于1977年，当时它被涂成红、白、蓝三色，以纪念伊丽莎白二世女王的银禧年。它的颜色随后恢复为蓝色和白色。）

The bridge deck is freely accessible to both vehicles and pedestrians, whereas the bridge's twin towers, high-level walkways and Victorian engine rooms form part of the Tower Bridge Exhibition, for which an admission charge is made. The nearest London Underground tube stations are Tower Hill on the Circle and District lines, London Bridge on the Jubilee and Northern lines and Bermondsey on the Jubilee line, and the nearest Docklands Light Railway station is Tower Gateway. The nearest National Rail stations are at Fenchurch Street and London Bridge.

（桥面可以让车辆和行人自由通行，而桥的两座塔、高层走道和维多利亚式的机房构成了塔桥展览的一部分，为此要收取入场费。最近的伦敦地铁站是环线和区线上的塔山，喜庆线和北线线上的伦敦桥和喜庆线上的伯蒙塞，最近的码头轻轨站是塔门。最近的国家火车站在芬奇街和伦敦桥。）

扩展资料

1、伦敦塔桥的设计在世界桥梁建筑业中有一定地位。两岸两座用花岗石和钢铁建成的高塔，高约60米，分上下两层。上层支撑着两岸的塔，下层桥面可让行人通过，也可供车辆穿行。如果巨轮鸣笛而来，下层桥面能够自动往两边翘起，此时行人可改道从上层通过。桥内设有商店、酒吧，即使在雨雪天，行人也能在桥中购物、聊天或凭栏眺望两岸风光。

2、从外表来看，塔桥的两端是维多利亚时代的砖石 塔，但实际上塔身的结构主要是钢铁的。里面装有用来开合各重1000吨桥梁的水力机械。塔桥自建成至今，机械功能一直正常，从未发生故障。巨轮鸣笛致意后，上升机械只需一分钟便能使桥面升起。

3、塔桥的设计是为了同时满足航运和路面交通两方面的需要。塔桥博物馆工作人员解释说，当时所有的桥都建在塔桥的西面，维多利亚中期随着贸易的发展伦敦开始向东扩展，考虑要再建一座桥缓解交通，但码头老板反对，认为桥会阻止他们船只通过，讨论了多年终于建成了塔桥，它张开桥面时可以让大船通过，而水平的桥面又利于马车的行走。可以翻转的每半个桥面的重量都在1000吨以上。

4、塔桥从1895年全面投入使用以来桥面一共张开过6000多次，平均每星期张开一次。塔桥需要25个人负责它的操作和维护。负责人帕特森说，打开桥面需要五个人，控制室里有一个人，另外四个人在外面监控路面情况。

5、塔桥两端由4座石塔连接， 两座主塔高35米，方正厚重，风格古朴，远望如两顶皇冠，雄奇壮伟。

参考资料

百度百科-伦敦塔

伦敦桥英文介绍

TOWER BRIDGE LONDON Originally, London Bridge was the only crossing over the Thames. As London grew, so more bridges were added, but these were all to the west of London Bridge, since the area east of London Bridge had become a busy port. In the 19th century, the east end of London became so densely populated that public pressure mounted for a bridge to the east of London Bridge, as journeys for pedestrians and vehicles were being delayed literally by hours.The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Golden Gate, the opening of the San Francisco Bay onto the Pacific Ocean. As part of both U.S. Route 101 and State Route 1, it connects the city of San Francisco on the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula to Marin County. The Golden Gate Bridge was the longest suspension bridge span in the world when it was completed in 1937, and has become an internationally recognized symbol of San Francisco and California. Since its completion, the span length has been surpassed by eight other bridges. It still has the second longest suspension bridge main span in the United States, after the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge in New York City. In 2007, it was ranked fifth on the List of America's Favorite Architecture by the American Institute of Architects.The Yangpu Bridge in Shanghai, China, is among the world's longest bridges, with a total length of 8,354 meters. Its longest span of 602 m makes it the fourth largest cable-stayed bridge in the world. It carries the Inner Ring Road from the Yangpu District in Puxi to the Pudong New Area. It was completed in September 1993 and opened in October.The bridge was designed by the Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute, Shanghai Urban Construction College, and Shanghai Urban Construction Design Institute, with assistance from Holger S. Svensson. It was built by the Shanghai Huangpujiang Bridge Engineering Construction company.Its two pylons reach 223 m in height. The highest ship clearance is 48 m, a necessity due to the heavy river traffic.As of 2006, it carries more than 100,000 vehicles per day across its six lanesast pylonThe bridge was originally unpainted; it was coated with red paint for the millennium. The name Yangpu Bridge inscribed on each pylon was originally hand-written by Deng Xiaoping.

Tower Bridge is a combined bascule and suspension bridge in London built between 1886 and 1894. The bridge crosses the River Thames close to the Tower of London and has become an iconic symbol of London. Because of this, Tower Bridge is sometimes confused with London Bridge, situated some 0.5 mi (0.80 km) upstream. Tower Bridge is one of five London bridges now owned and maintained by the Bridge House Estates, a charitable trust overseen by the City of London Corporation. It is the only one of the Trust's bridges not to connect the City of London directly to the Southwark bank, as its northern landfall is in Tower Hamlets.

中文翻译：（塔桥是伦敦1886至1894年间建成的组合式悬索桥。这座桥横跨泰晤士河畔，靠近伦敦塔，已成为伦敦的标志性标志。因此，塔桥有时与伦敦桥混淆，位于上游约0.5英里（0.80公里）处。塔桥是现在由伦敦城市公司监管的慈善信托机构“桥屋庄园”拥有和维护的五座伦敦大桥之一。这是唯一一座不直接连接伦敦城和南华克银行的桥梁，因为它的北部落地是哈姆雷特塔。）

文化遗产：伦敦塔塔群建筑，包括多次重建的的防御措施和国王王宫，威克非塔、圣托马斯塔等众多塔楼以及核心防御措施--白塔，以及“叛离者之门”等建筑。

1988年根据文化遗产评选标准C（II）（IV）被列入《世界遗产目录》。

世界遗产委员会评价：

具有罗马人建筑风格特点的白塔，是影响整个英国建筑风格伦敦塔的巨大建筑物。伦敦塔是威廉沿泰晤士河建造的，目的是为了保护伦敦，并宣称此地是他的领土。伦敦塔是围绕白塔建造的一个十分有历史意义的城堡，也是王室权力的象征。

伦敦塔桥英文简介为：

London tower bridge, built in 1886, opened to the public on June 30, 1894, connecting the north and south of London as a whole.

London tower bridge is the first bridge (built on the river Thames in London, UK), which is also the symbol of London, known as "London's main gate".

中文翻译：伦敦塔桥，始建于1886年，1894年6月30日对公众开放，将伦敦南北区连接成整体。伦敦塔桥是从英国伦敦泰晤士河口算起的第一座桥（泰晤士河上共建桥15座），也是伦敦的象征，有“伦敦正门”之称。

扩展资料：

伦敦塔桥（Tower Bridge），是一座上开悬索桥，位于英国伦敦，横跨泰晤士河，因在伦敦塔（Tower of London）附近而得名该桥始建于1886年，1894年6月30日对公众开放，将伦敦南北区连接成整体。在19世纪下半叶，随着伦敦东区商业的上升发展，带动了对伦敦桥下游一座穿过泰晤士河的新桥梁的需求。

The Tower Bridge is an upper suspension Bridge, located in London, England, across the river Thames. Named for its location near the Tower of London, the Bridge was built in 1886 and opened to the public on June 30, 1894, connecting the north and south parts of London as a whole. In the second half of the 19th century, the rise of east London business led to a demand for a new bridge downstream from London bridge across the river Thames.

但这座桥不能建成是传统的固定桥，因为将会切断当时位于伦敦桥和伦敦塔之间的港口设施，  假如新桥太低的话船就无法开到码头了。1870年泰晤士河下的一条人行地道开通了，但它依然无法取代一座新的桥梁的需要。

But the bridge could not be built as a traditional permanent bridge, because it would have cut off the port facilities between the bridge and the tower of London, and if the bridge was too low the ship could not get to the dock. In 1870, a pedestrian tunnel under the river Thames was opened, but it still could not replace the need for a new bridge.

参考资料：百度百科-伦敦塔桥

London Bridge refers to several historical bridges that have spanned the River Thames between the City of London and Southwark, in central London. The current crossing, which opened to traffic in 1973, is a box girder bridge built from concrete and steel. This replaced a 19th-century stone-arched bridge, which in turn superseded a 600-year-old medieval structure. This was preceded by a succession of timber bridges, the first built by the Roman founders of London.